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                <?php  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                namespace App\Http\Controllers;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                use App\User;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                use Illuminate\Http\Request;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                use App\Http\Requests;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                use Bouncer;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                class StaffController extends Controller  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    public function __construct()  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $this->middleware('auth'); | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $this->middleware('lang'); | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    /**  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * Display all the staff.  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     *  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * @return \Illuminate\Contracts\View\Factory|\Illuminate\View\View  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     */  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    public function index()  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                	{ | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                		$data['users'] = User::all();  | 
            
                            
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                    	return view('users/index', $data); | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    /**  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * Set the user available.  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     *  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * @return \Illuminate\Http\RedirectResponse  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                                                                
            
                                    
            
            
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                     */  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                                                    
                                                                                                        
            
            
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                View Code Duplication | 
                    public function setAvailable()  | 
            
                            
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                    { | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $user = User::find(auth()->user()->id);  | 
            
                            
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                        Bouncer::retract('unavailable')->from($user); | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        Bouncer::assign('available')->to($user); | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        return redirect()->back(302);  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    /**  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * Set the user unavailable.  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     *  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * @return \Illuminate\Http\RedirectResponse  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     */  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                                                    
                                                                                                        
            
            
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                View Code Duplication | 
                    public function setUnavailable()  | 
            
                            
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                    { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $user = User::find(auth()->user()->id);  | 
            
                            
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                        Bouncer::retract('available')->from($user); | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        Bouncer::assign('unavailable')->to($user); | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        return redirect()->back(302);  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    /**  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * Display the profile.  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     *  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * @return \Illuminate\Contracts\View\Factory|\Illuminate\View\View  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     */  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    public function profile()  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    	return view('users/profile'); | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    public function destroy($id)  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $user = User::find($id);  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        // Destroy the user.  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $user->roles()->sync([]);  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        User::destroy($id);  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        session()->flash('message', 'User deleted'); | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        return redirect()->to('/staff'); | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                                                                
            
                                    
            
            
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                }  | 
            
            
                                                        
            
                                    
            
            
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Adding an explicit array definition is generally preferable to implicit array definition as it guarantees a stable state of the code.
Let’s take a look at an example:
As you can see in this example, the array
$myArrayis initialized the first time when the foreach loop is entered. You can also see that the value of thebarkey is only written conditionally; thus, its value might result from a previous iteration.This might or might not be intended. To make your intention clear, your code more readible and to avoid accidental bugs, we recommend to add an explicit initialization $myArray = array() either outside or inside the foreach loop.