eventespresso / event-espresso-core

public/template_tags.php

Spacing +291 added lines, -291 removed lines

@@ -14,12 +14,12 @@ 
  * @param int | \EE_Event $event
  * @return bool
  */
-function is_espresso_event( $event = NULL ) {
-	if ( can_use_espresso_conditionals( __FUNCTION__ )) {
+function is_espresso_event($event = NULL) {
+	if (can_use_espresso_conditionals(__FUNCTION__)) {
 		// extract EE_Event object from passed param regardless of what it is (within reason of course)
-		$event = EEH_Event_View::get_event( $event );
+		$event = EEH_Event_View::get_event($event);
 		// do we have a valid event ?
-		return $event instanceof EE_Event  ? TRUE : FALSE;
+		return $event instanceof EE_Event ? TRUE : FALSE;
 	}
 	return FALSE;
 }
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ 
  * @return bool
  */
 function is_espresso_event_single() {
-	if ( can_use_espresso_conditionals( __FUNCTION__ )) {
+	if (can_use_espresso_conditionals(__FUNCTION__)) {
 		global $wp_query;
 		// return conditionals set by CPTs
 		return $wp_query instanceof WP_Query ? $wp_query->is_espresso_event_single : FALSE;
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ 
  * @return bool
  */
 function is_espresso_event_archive() {
-	if ( can_use_espresso_conditionals( __FUNCTION__ )) {
+	if (can_use_espresso_conditionals(__FUNCTION__)) {
 		global $wp_query;
 		return $wp_query instanceof WP_Query ? $wp_query->is_espresso_event_archive : FALSE;
 	}
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ 
  * @return bool
  */
 function is_espresso_event_taxonomy() {
-	if ( can_use_espresso_conditionals( __FUNCTION__ )) {
+	if (can_use_espresso_conditionals(__FUNCTION__)) {
 		global $wp_query;
 		return $wp_query instanceof WP_Query ? $wp_query->is_espresso_event_taxonomy : FALSE;
 	}
@@ -74,10 +74,10 @@ 
  * @param int | \EE_Venue $venue
  * @return bool
  */
-function is_espresso_venue( $venue = NULL ) {
-	if ( can_use_espresso_conditionals( __FUNCTION__ )) {
+function is_espresso_venue($venue = NULL) {
+	if (can_use_espresso_conditionals(__FUNCTION__)) {
 		// extract EE_Venue object from passed param regardless of what it is (within reason of course)
-		$venue = EEH_Venue_View::get_venue( $venue, FALSE );
+		$venue = EEH_Venue_View::get_venue($venue, FALSE);
 		// do we have a valid event ?
 		return $venue instanceof EE_Venue ? TRUE : FALSE;
 	}
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ 
  * @return bool
  */
 function is_espresso_venue_single() {
-	if ( can_use_espresso_conditionals( __FUNCTION__ )) {
+	if (can_use_espresso_conditionals(__FUNCTION__)) {
 		global $wp_query;
 		return $wp_query instanceof WP_Query ? $wp_query->is_espresso_venue_single : FALSE;
 	}
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ 
  * @return bool
  */
 function is_espresso_venue_archive() {
-	if ( can_use_espresso_conditionals( __FUNCTION__ )) {
+	if (can_use_espresso_conditionals(__FUNCTION__)) {
 		global $wp_query;
 		return $wp_query instanceof WP_Query ? $wp_query->is_espresso_venue_archive : FALSE;
 	}
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ 
  * @return bool
  */
 function is_espresso_venue_taxonomy() {
-	if ( can_use_espresso_conditionals( __FUNCTION__ )) {
+	if (can_use_espresso_conditionals(__FUNCTION__)) {
 		global $wp_query;
 		return $wp_query instanceof WP_Query ? $wp_query->is_espresso_venue_taxonomy : FALSE;
 	}
@@ -133,12 +133,12 @@ 
  * @param $conditional_tag
  * @return bool
  */
-function can_use_espresso_conditionals( $conditional_tag ) {
-	if ( ! did_action( 'AHEE__EE_System__initialize' )) {
+function can_use_espresso_conditionals($conditional_tag) {
+	if ( ! did_action('AHEE__EE_System__initialize')) {
 		EE_Error::doing_it_wrong(
 			__FUNCTION__,
 			sprintf(
-				__( 'The "%s" conditional tag can not be used until after the "init" hook has run, but works best when used within a theme\'s template files.','event_espresso'),
+				__('The "%s" conditional tag can not be used until after the "init" hook has run, but works best when used within a theme\'s template files.', 'event_espresso'),
 				$conditional_tag
 			),
 			'4.4.0'
@@ -153,13 +153,13 @@ 
 
 /*************************** Event Queries ***************************/
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_get_events' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_get_events')) {
 	/**
 	 * 	espresso_get_events
 	 * @param array $params
 	 * @return array
 	 */
-	function espresso_get_events( $params = array() ) {
+	function espresso_get_events($params = array()) {
 		//set default params
 		$default_espresso_events_params = array(
 			'limit' => 10,
@@ -170,18 +170,18 @@ 
 			'sort' => 'ASC'
 		);
 		// allow the defaults to be filtered
-		$default_espresso_events_params = apply_filters( 'espresso_get_events__default_espresso_events_params', $default_espresso_events_params );
+		$default_espresso_events_params = apply_filters('espresso_get_events__default_espresso_events_params', $default_espresso_events_params);
 		// grab params and merge with defaults, then extract
-		$params = array_merge( $default_espresso_events_params, $params );
+		$params = array_merge($default_espresso_events_params, $params);
 		// run the query
-		$events_query = new EventEspresso\core\domain\services\wp_queries\EventListQuery( $params );
+		$events_query = new EventEspresso\core\domain\services\wp_queries\EventListQuery($params);
 		// assign results to a variable so we can return it
 		$events = $events_query->have_posts() ? $events_query->posts : array();
 		// but first reset the query and postdata
 		wp_reset_query();
 		wp_reset_postdata();
 		EED_Events_Archive::remove_all_events_archive_filters();
-		unset( $events_query );
+		unset($events_query);
 		return $events;
 	}
 }
@@ -195,33 +195,33 @@ 
  * espresso_load_ticket_selector
  */
 function espresso_load_ticket_selector() {
-	EE_Registry::instance()->load_file( EE_MODULES . 'ticket_selector', 'EED_Ticket_Selector', 'module' );
+	EE_Registry::instance()->load_file(EE_MODULES.'ticket_selector', 'EED_Ticket_Selector', 'module');
 }
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_ticket_selector' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_ticket_selector')) {
 	/**
 	 * espresso_ticket_selector
 	 * @param null $event
 	 */
-	function espresso_ticket_selector( $event = NULL ) {
-		if (  ! apply_filters( 'FHEE_disable_espresso_ticket_selector', FALSE ) ) {
+	function espresso_ticket_selector($event = NULL) {
+		if ( ! apply_filters('FHEE_disable_espresso_ticket_selector', FALSE)) {
 			espresso_load_ticket_selector();
             \EED_Ticket_Selector::set_definitions();
-			echo EED_Ticket_Selector::display_ticket_selector( $event );
+			echo EED_Ticket_Selector::display_ticket_selector($event);
 		}
 	}
 }
 
 
-	if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_view_details_btn' )) {
+	if ( ! function_exists('espresso_view_details_btn')) {
 	/**
 	 * espresso_view_details_btn
 	 * @param null $event
 	 */
-	function espresso_view_details_btn( $event = NULL ) {
-		if (  ! apply_filters( 'FHEE_disable_espresso_view_details_btn', FALSE ) ) {
+	function espresso_view_details_btn($event = NULL) {
+		if ( ! apply_filters('FHEE_disable_espresso_view_details_btn', FALSE)) {
 			espresso_load_ticket_selector();
-			echo EED_Ticket_Selector::display_ticket_selector( $event, TRUE );
+			echo EED_Ticket_Selector::display_ticket_selector($event, TRUE);
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ 
 
 /*************************** EEH_Event_View ***************************/
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_load_event_list_assets' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_load_event_list_assets')) {
 	/**
 	 * espresso_load_event_list_assets
 	 * ensures that event list styles and scripts are loaded
@@ -240,13 +240,13 @@ 
 	 */
 	function espresso_load_event_list_assets() {
 		$event_list = EED_Events_Archive::instance();
-		add_action( 'AHEE__EE_System__initialize_last', array( $event_list, 'load_event_list_assets' ), 10 );
-		add_filter( 'FHEE_enable_default_espresso_css', '__return_true' );
+		add_action('AHEE__EE_System__initialize_last', array($event_list, 'load_event_list_assets'), 10);
+		add_filter('FHEE_enable_default_espresso_css', '__return_true');
 	}
 }
 
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_event_reg_button' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_event_reg_button')) {
 	/**
 	 * espresso_event_reg_button
 	 * returns the "Register Now" button if event is active,
@@ -258,9 +258,9 @@ 
 	 * @param bool $EVT_ID
 	 * @return string
 	 */
-	function espresso_event_reg_button( $btn_text_if_active = NULL, $btn_text_if_inactive = FALSE, $EVT_ID = FALSE ) {
-		$event_status = EEH_Event_View::event_active_status( $EVT_ID );
-		switch ( $event_status ) {
+	function espresso_event_reg_button($btn_text_if_active = NULL, $btn_text_if_inactive = FALSE, $EVT_ID = FALSE) {
+		$event_status = EEH_Event_View::event_active_status($EVT_ID);
+		switch ($event_status) {
 			case EE_Datetime::sold_out :
 				$btn_text = __('Sold Out', 'event_espresso');
 				$class = 'ee-pink';
@@ -276,10 +276,10 @@ 
 			case EE_Datetime::upcoming :
 			case EE_Datetime::active :
 			default :
-				$btn_text =! empty( $btn_text_if_active ) ? $btn_text_if_active : __( 'Register Now', 'event_espresso' );
+				$btn_text = ! empty($btn_text_if_active) ? $btn_text_if_active : __('Register Now', 'event_espresso');
 				$class = 'ee-green';
 		}
-		if ( $event_status < 1 && ! empty( $btn_text_if_inactive )) {
+		if ($event_status < 1 && ! empty($btn_text_if_inactive)) {
 			$btn_text = $btn_text_if_inactive;
 			$class = 'ee-grey';
 		}
@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ 
 
 
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_display_ticket_selector' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_display_ticket_selector')) {
 	/**
 	 * espresso_display_ticket_selector
 	 * whether or not to display the Ticket Selector for an event
@@ -301,14 +301,14 @@ 
 	 * @param bool $EVT_ID
 	 * @return boolean
 	 */
-	function espresso_display_ticket_selector( $EVT_ID = FALSE ) {
-		return EEH_Event_View::display_ticket_selector( $EVT_ID );
+	function espresso_display_ticket_selector($EVT_ID = FALSE) {
+		return EEH_Event_View::display_ticket_selector($EVT_ID);
 	}
 }
 
 
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_event_status_banner' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_event_status_banner')) {
 	/**
 	 * espresso_event_status
 	 * returns a banner showing the event status if it is sold out, expired, or inactive
@@ -316,13 +316,13 @@ 
 	 * @param bool $EVT_ID
 	 * @return string
 	 */
-	function espresso_event_status_banner( $EVT_ID = FALSE ) {
-		return EEH_Event_View::event_status( $EVT_ID );
+	function espresso_event_status_banner($EVT_ID = FALSE) {
+		return EEH_Event_View::event_status($EVT_ID);
 	}
 }
 
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_event_status' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_event_status')) {
 	/**
 	 * espresso_event_status
 	 * returns the event status if it is sold out, expired, or inactive
@@ -331,17 +331,17 @@ 
 	 * @param bool $echo
 	 * @return string
 	 */
-	function espresso_event_status( $EVT_ID = 0, $echo = TRUE ) {
-		if ( $echo ) {
-			echo EEH_Event_View::event_active_status( $EVT_ID );
+	function espresso_event_status($EVT_ID = 0, $echo = TRUE) {
+		if ($echo) {
+			echo EEH_Event_View::event_active_status($EVT_ID);
 			return '';
 		}
-		return EEH_Event_View::event_active_status( $EVT_ID );
+		return EEH_Event_View::event_active_status($EVT_ID);
 	}
 }
 
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_event_categories' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_event_categories')) {
 	/**
 	 * espresso_event_categories
 	 * returns the terms associated with an event
@@ -351,17 +351,17 @@ 
 	 * @param bool $echo
 	 * @return string
 	 */
-	function espresso_event_categories( $EVT_ID = 0, $hide_uncategorized = TRUE, $echo = TRUE ) {
-		if ( $echo ) {
-			echo EEH_Event_View::event_categories( $EVT_ID, $hide_uncategorized );
+	function espresso_event_categories($EVT_ID = 0, $hide_uncategorized = TRUE, $echo = TRUE) {
+		if ($echo) {
+			echo EEH_Event_View::event_categories($EVT_ID, $hide_uncategorized);
 			return '';
 		}
-		return EEH_Event_View::event_categories( $EVT_ID, $hide_uncategorized );
+		return EEH_Event_View::event_categories($EVT_ID, $hide_uncategorized);
 	}
 }
 
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_event_tickets_available' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_event_tickets_available')) {
 	/**
 	 * espresso_event_tickets_available
 	 * returns the ticket types available for purchase for an event
@@ -371,26 +371,26 @@ 
 	 * @param bool $format
 	 * @return string
 	 */
-	function espresso_event_tickets_available( $EVT_ID = 0, $echo = TRUE, $format = TRUE ) {
-		$tickets = EEH_Event_View::event_tickets_available( $EVT_ID );
-		if ( is_array( $tickets ) && ! empty( $tickets )) {
+	function espresso_event_tickets_available($EVT_ID = 0, $echo = TRUE, $format = TRUE) {
+		$tickets = EEH_Event_View::event_tickets_available($EVT_ID);
+		if (is_array($tickets) && ! empty($tickets)) {
 			// if formatting then $html will be a string, else it will be an array of ticket objects
-			$html = $format ? '<ul id="ee-event-tickets-ul-' . $EVT_ID . '" class="ee-event-tickets-ul">' : array();
-			foreach ( $tickets as $ticket ) {
-				if ( $ticket instanceof EE_Ticket ) {
-					if ( $format ) {
-						$html .= '<li id="ee-event-tickets-li-' . $ticket->ID() . '" class="ee-event-tickets-li">';
-						$html .= $ticket->name() . ' ' . EEH_Template::format_currency( $ticket->get_ticket_total_with_taxes() );
+			$html = $format ? '<ul id="ee-event-tickets-ul-'.$EVT_ID.'" class="ee-event-tickets-ul">' : array();
+			foreach ($tickets as $ticket) {
+				if ($ticket instanceof EE_Ticket) {
+					if ($format) {
+						$html .= '<li id="ee-event-tickets-li-'.$ticket->ID().'" class="ee-event-tickets-li">';
+						$html .= $ticket->name().' '.EEH_Template::format_currency($ticket->get_ticket_total_with_taxes());
 						$html .= '</li>';
 					} else {
 						$html[] = $ticket;
 					}
 				}
 			}
-			if ( $format ) {
+			if ($format) {
 				$html .= '</ul>';
 			}
-			if ( $echo && ! $format ) {
+			if ($echo && ! $format) {
 				echo $html;
 				return '';
 			}
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@ 
 	}
 }
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_event_date_obj' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_event_date_obj')) {
 	/**
 	 * espresso_event_date_obj
 	 * returns the primary date object for an event
@@ -408,13 +408,13 @@ 
 	 * @param bool $EVT_ID
 	 * @return object
 	 */
-	function espresso_event_date_obj( $EVT_ID = FALSE ) {
-		return EEH_Event_View::get_primary_date_obj( $EVT_ID );
+	function espresso_event_date_obj($EVT_ID = FALSE) {
+		return EEH_Event_View::get_primary_date_obj($EVT_ID);
 	}
 }
 
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_event_date' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_event_date')) {
 	/**
 	 * espresso_event_date
 	 * returns the primary date for an event
@@ -425,22 +425,22 @@ 
 	 * @param bool $echo
 	 * @return string
 	 */
-	function espresso_event_date( $date_format = '', $time_format = '', $EVT_ID = FALSE, $echo = TRUE ) {
-		$date_format = ! empty( $date_format ) ? $date_format : get_option( 'date_format' );
-		$time_format = ! empty( $time_format ) ? $time_format : get_option( 'time_format' );
-		$date_format = apply_filters( 'FHEE__espresso_event_date__date_format', $date_format );
-		$time_format = apply_filters( 'FHEE__espresso_event_date__time_format', $time_format );
-		if($echo){
-			echo EEH_Event_View::the_event_date( $date_format, $time_format, $EVT_ID );
+	function espresso_event_date($date_format = '', $time_format = '', $EVT_ID = FALSE, $echo = TRUE) {
+		$date_format = ! empty($date_format) ? $date_format : get_option('date_format');
+		$time_format = ! empty($time_format) ? $time_format : get_option('time_format');
+		$date_format = apply_filters('FHEE__espresso_event_date__date_format', $date_format);
+		$time_format = apply_filters('FHEE__espresso_event_date__time_format', $time_format);
+		if ($echo) {
+			echo EEH_Event_View::the_event_date($date_format, $time_format, $EVT_ID);
 			return '';
 		}
-		return EEH_Event_View::the_event_date( $date_format, $time_format, $EVT_ID );
+		return EEH_Event_View::the_event_date($date_format, $time_format, $EVT_ID);
 
 	}
 }
 
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_list_of_event_dates' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_list_of_event_dates')) {
 	/**
 	 * espresso_list_of_event_dates
 	 * returns a unordered list of dates for an event
@@ -455,40 +455,40 @@ 
 	 * @param null   $limit
 	 * @return string
 	 */
-	function espresso_list_of_event_dates( $EVT_ID = 0, $date_format = '', $time_format = '', $echo = TRUE, $show_expired = NULL, $format = TRUE, $add_breaks = TRUE, $limit = NULL ) {
-		$date_format = ! empty( $date_format ) ? $date_format : get_option( 'date_format' );
-		$time_format = ! empty( $time_format ) ? $time_format : get_option( 'time_format' );
-		$date_format = apply_filters( 'FHEE__espresso_list_of_event_dates__date_format', $date_format );
-		$time_format = apply_filters( 'FHEE__espresso_list_of_event_dates__time_format', $time_format );
-		$datetimes = EEH_Event_View::get_all_date_obj( $EVT_ID, $show_expired, FALSE, $limit );
-		if ( ! $format ) {
-			return apply_filters( 'FHEE__espresso_list_of_event_dates__datetimes', $datetimes );
+	function espresso_list_of_event_dates($EVT_ID = 0, $date_format = '', $time_format = '', $echo = TRUE, $show_expired = NULL, $format = TRUE, $add_breaks = TRUE, $limit = NULL) {
+		$date_format = ! empty($date_format) ? $date_format : get_option('date_format');
+		$time_format = ! empty($time_format) ? $time_format : get_option('time_format');
+		$date_format = apply_filters('FHEE__espresso_list_of_event_dates__date_format', $date_format);
+		$time_format = apply_filters('FHEE__espresso_list_of_event_dates__time_format', $time_format);
+		$datetimes = EEH_Event_View::get_all_date_obj($EVT_ID, $show_expired, FALSE, $limit);
+		if ( ! $format) {
+			return apply_filters('FHEE__espresso_list_of_event_dates__datetimes', $datetimes);
 		}
 		//d( $datetimes );
-		if ( is_array( $datetimes ) && ! empty( $datetimes )) {
+		if (is_array($datetimes) && ! empty($datetimes)) {
 			global $post;
-			$html = $format ? '<ul id="ee-event-datetimes-ul-' . $post->ID . '" class="ee-event-datetimes-ul ee-clearfix">' : '';
-			foreach ( $datetimes as $datetime ) {
-				if ( $datetime instanceof EE_Datetime ) {
-					$html .= '<li id="ee-event-datetimes-li-' . $datetime->ID();
-					$html .= '" class="ee-event-datetimes-li ee-event-datetimes-li-' . $datetime->get_active_status() . '">';
+			$html = $format ? '<ul id="ee-event-datetimes-ul-'.$post->ID.'" class="ee-event-datetimes-ul ee-clearfix">' : '';
+			foreach ($datetimes as $datetime) {
+				if ($datetime instanceof EE_Datetime) {
+					$html .= '<li id="ee-event-datetimes-li-'.$datetime->ID();
+					$html .= '" class="ee-event-datetimes-li ee-event-datetimes-li-'.$datetime->get_active_status().'">';
 					$datetime_name = $datetime->name();
-					$html .= ! empty( $datetime_name ) ? '<strong>' . $datetime_name . '</strong>' : '';
-					$html .= ! empty( $datetime_name )  && $add_breaks ? '<br />' : '';
-					$html .= '<span class="dashicons dashicons-calendar"></span><span class="ee-event-datetimes-li-daterange">' . $datetime->date_range( $date_format ) . '</span><br/>';
-					$html .= '<span class="dashicons dashicons-clock"></span><span class="ee-event-datetimes-li-timerange">' . $datetime->time_range( $time_format ) . '</span>';
+					$html .= ! empty($datetime_name) ? '<strong>'.$datetime_name.'</strong>' : '';
+					$html .= ! empty($datetime_name) && $add_breaks ? '<br />' : '';
+					$html .= '<span class="dashicons dashicons-calendar"></span><span class="ee-event-datetimes-li-daterange">'.$datetime->date_range($date_format).'</span><br/>';
+					$html .= '<span class="dashicons dashicons-clock"></span><span class="ee-event-datetimes-li-timerange">'.$datetime->time_range($time_format).'</span>';
 					$datetime_description = $datetime->description();
-					$html .= ! empty( $datetime_description )  && $add_breaks ? '<br />' : '';
-					$html .= ! empty( $datetime_description ) ? ' - ' . $datetime_description : '';
-					$html = apply_filters( 'FHEE__espresso_list_of_event_dates__datetime_html', $html, $datetime );
+					$html .= ! empty($datetime_description) && $add_breaks ? '<br />' : '';
+					$html .= ! empty($datetime_description) ? ' - '.$datetime_description : '';
+					$html = apply_filters('FHEE__espresso_list_of_event_dates__datetime_html', $html, $datetime);
 					$html .= '</li>';
 				}
 			}
 			$html .= $format ? '</ul>' : '';
 		} else {
-			$html = $format ?  '<p><span class="dashicons dashicons-marker pink-text"></span>' . __( 'There are no upcoming dates for this event.', 'event_espresso' ) . '</p><br/>' : '';
+			$html = $format ? '<p><span class="dashicons dashicons-marker pink-text"></span>'.__('There are no upcoming dates for this event.', 'event_espresso').'</p><br/>' : '';
 		}
-		if ( $echo ) {
+		if ($echo) {
 			echo $html;
 			return '';
 		}
@@ -497,7 +497,7 @@ 
 }
 
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_event_end_date' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_event_end_date')) {
 	/**
 	 * espresso_event_end_date
 	 * returns the last date for an event
@@ -508,20 +508,20 @@ 
 	 * @param bool   $echo
 	 * @return string
 	 */
-	function espresso_event_end_date( $date_format = '', $time_format = '', $EVT_ID = FALSE, $echo = TRUE ) {
-		$date_format = ! empty( $date_format ) ? $date_format : get_option( 'date_format' );
-		$time_format = ! empty( $time_format ) ? $time_format : get_option( 'time_format' );
-		$date_format = apply_filters( 'FHEE__espresso_event_end_date__date_format', $date_format );
-		$time_format = apply_filters( 'FHEE__espresso_event_end_date__time_format', $time_format );
-		if($echo){
-			echo EEH_Event_View::the_event_end_date( $date_format, $time_format, $EVT_ID );
+	function espresso_event_end_date($date_format = '', $time_format = '', $EVT_ID = FALSE, $echo = TRUE) {
+		$date_format = ! empty($date_format) ? $date_format : get_option('date_format');
+		$time_format = ! empty($time_format) ? $time_format : get_option('time_format');
+		$date_format = apply_filters('FHEE__espresso_event_end_date__date_format', $date_format);
+		$time_format = apply_filters('FHEE__espresso_event_end_date__time_format', $time_format);
+		if ($echo) {
+			echo EEH_Event_View::the_event_end_date($date_format, $time_format, $EVT_ID);
 			return '';
 		}
-		return EEH_Event_View::the_event_end_date( $date_format, $time_format, $EVT_ID );
+		return EEH_Event_View::the_event_end_date($date_format, $time_format, $EVT_ID);
 	}
 }
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_event_date_range' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_event_date_range')) {
 	/**
 	 * espresso_event_date_range
 	 * returns the first and last chronologically ordered dates for an event (if different)
@@ -534,31 +534,31 @@ 
 	 * @param bool   $echo
 	 * @return string
 	 */
-	function espresso_event_date_range( $date_format = '', $time_format = '', $single_date_format = '', $single_time_format = '', $EVT_ID = FALSE, $echo = TRUE ) {
+	function espresso_event_date_range($date_format = '', $time_format = '', $single_date_format = '', $single_time_format = '', $EVT_ID = FALSE, $echo = TRUE) {
 		// set and filter date and time formats when a range is returned
-		$date_format = ! empty( $date_format ) ? $date_format : get_option( 'date_format' );
-		$date_format = apply_filters( 'FHEE__espresso_event_date_range__date_format', $date_format );
+		$date_format = ! empty($date_format) ? $date_format : get_option('date_format');
+		$date_format = apply_filters('FHEE__espresso_event_date_range__date_format', $date_format);
 		// get the start and end date with NO time portion
-		$the_event_date = EEH_Event_View::the_earliest_event_date( $date_format, '', $EVT_ID );
-		$the_event_end_date = EEH_Event_View::the_latest_event_date( $date_format, '', $EVT_ID );
+		$the_event_date = EEH_Event_View::the_earliest_event_date($date_format, '', $EVT_ID);
+		$the_event_end_date = EEH_Event_View::the_latest_event_date($date_format, '', $EVT_ID);
 		// now we can determine if date range spans more than one day
-		if ( $the_event_date != $the_event_end_date ) {
-			$time_format = ! empty( $time_format ) ? $time_format : get_option( 'time_format' );
-			$time_format = apply_filters( 'FHEE__espresso_event_date_range__time_format', $time_format );
+		if ($the_event_date != $the_event_end_date) {
+			$time_format = ! empty($time_format) ? $time_format : get_option('time_format');
+			$time_format = apply_filters('FHEE__espresso_event_date_range__time_format', $time_format);
 			$html = sprintf(
-				__( '%1$s - %2$s', 'event_espresso' ),
-				EEH_Event_View::the_earliest_event_date( $date_format, $time_format, $EVT_ID ),
-				EEH_Event_View::the_latest_event_date( $date_format, $time_format, $EVT_ID )
+				__('%1$s - %2$s', 'event_espresso'),
+				EEH_Event_View::the_earliest_event_date($date_format, $time_format, $EVT_ID),
+				EEH_Event_View::the_latest_event_date($date_format, $time_format, $EVT_ID)
 			);
 		} else {
 			// set and filter date and time formats when only a single datetime is returned
-			$single_date_format = ! empty( $single_date_format ) ? $single_date_format : get_option( 'date_format' );
-			$single_time_format = ! empty( $single_time_format ) ? $single_time_format : get_option( 'time_format' );
-			$single_date_format = apply_filters( 'FHEE__espresso_event_date_range__single_date_format', $single_date_format );
-			$single_time_format = apply_filters( 'FHEE__espresso_event_date_range__single_time_format', $single_time_format );
-			$html = EEH_Event_View::the_earliest_event_date( $single_date_format, $single_time_format, $EVT_ID );
+			$single_date_format = ! empty($single_date_format) ? $single_date_format : get_option('date_format');
+			$single_time_format = ! empty($single_time_format) ? $single_time_format : get_option('time_format');
+			$single_date_format = apply_filters('FHEE__espresso_event_date_range__single_date_format', $single_date_format);
+			$single_time_format = apply_filters('FHEE__espresso_event_date_range__single_time_format', $single_time_format);
+			$html = EEH_Event_View::the_earliest_event_date($single_date_format, $single_time_format, $EVT_ID);
 		}
-		if ( $echo ) {
+		if ($echo) {
 			echo $html;
 			return '';
 		}
@@ -566,7 +566,7 @@ 
 	}
 }
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_next_upcoming_datetime_obj' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_next_upcoming_datetime_obj')) {
 	/**
 	 * espresso_next_upcoming_datetime_obj
 	 * returns the next upcoming datetime object for an event
@@ -574,12 +574,12 @@ 
 	 * @param int $EVT_ID
 	 * @return EE_Datetime|null
 	 */
-	function espresso_next_upcoming_datetime_obj( $EVT_ID = 0 ) {
-		return EEH_Event_View::get_next_upcoming_date_obj( $EVT_ID );
+	function espresso_next_upcoming_datetime_obj($EVT_ID = 0) {
+		return EEH_Event_View::get_next_upcoming_date_obj($EVT_ID);
 	}
 }
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_next_upcoming_datetime' ) ) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_next_upcoming_datetime')) {
 	/**
 	 * espresso_next_upcoming_datetime
 	 * returns the start date and time for the next upcoming event.
@@ -590,30 +590,30 @@ 
 	 * @param bool $echo
 	 * @return string
 	 */
-	function espresso_next_upcoming_datetime( $date_format = '', $time_format = '', $EVT_ID = 0, $echo = true ) {
+	function espresso_next_upcoming_datetime($date_format = '', $time_format = '', $EVT_ID = 0, $echo = true) {
 
-		$date_format = ! empty( $date_format ) ? $date_format : get_option( 'date_format' );
-		$date_format = apply_filters( 'FHEE__espresso_next_upcoming_datetime__date_format', $date_format );
+		$date_format = ! empty($date_format) ? $date_format : get_option('date_format');
+		$date_format = apply_filters('FHEE__espresso_next_upcoming_datetime__date_format', $date_format);
 
-		$time_format = ! empty( $time_format ) ? $time_format : get_option( 'time_format' );
-		$time_format = apply_filters( 'FHEE__espresso_next_upcoming_datetime__time_format', $time_format );
+		$time_format = ! empty($time_format) ? $time_format : get_option('time_format');
+		$time_format = apply_filters('FHEE__espresso_next_upcoming_datetime__time_format', $time_format);
 
-		$datetime_format = trim( $date_format . ' ' . $time_format);
+		$datetime_format = trim($date_format.' '.$time_format);
 
-		$datetime = espresso_next_upcoming_datetime_obj( $EVT_ID );
+		$datetime = espresso_next_upcoming_datetime_obj($EVT_ID);
 
-		if( ! $datetime instanceof EE_Datetime ) {
+		if ( ! $datetime instanceof EE_Datetime) {
 			return '';
 		}
-		if ( $echo ){
-			echo $datetime->get_i18n_datetime( 'DTT_EVT_start', $datetime_format );
+		if ($echo) {
+			echo $datetime->get_i18n_datetime('DTT_EVT_start', $datetime_format);
 			return '';
 		}
-		return $datetime->get_i18n_datetime( 'DTT_EVT_start', $datetime_format );
+		return $datetime->get_i18n_datetime('DTT_EVT_start', $datetime_format);
 	}
 }
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_event_date_as_calendar_page' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_event_date_as_calendar_page')) {
 	/**
 	 * espresso_event_date_as_calendar_page
 	 * returns the primary date for an event, stylized to appear as the page of a calendar
@@ -621,15 +621,15 @@ 
 	 * @param bool $EVT_ID
 	 * @return string
 	 */
-	function espresso_event_date_as_calendar_page( $EVT_ID = FALSE ) {
-		EEH_Event_View::event_date_as_calendar_page( $EVT_ID );
+	function espresso_event_date_as_calendar_page($EVT_ID = FALSE) {
+		EEH_Event_View::event_date_as_calendar_page($EVT_ID);
 	}
 }
 
 
 
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_event_link_url' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_event_link_url')) {
 	/**
 	 * espresso_event_link_url
 	 *
@@ -637,18 +637,18 @@ 
 	 * @param bool $echo
 	 * @return string
 	 */
-	function espresso_event_link_url( $EVT_ID = 0, $echo = TRUE ) {
-		if ( $echo ) {
-			echo EEH_Event_View::event_link_url( $EVT_ID );
+	function espresso_event_link_url($EVT_ID = 0, $echo = TRUE) {
+		if ($echo) {
+			echo EEH_Event_View::event_link_url($EVT_ID);
 			return '';
 		}
-		return EEH_Event_View::event_link_url( $EVT_ID );
+		return EEH_Event_View::event_link_url($EVT_ID);
 	}
 }
 
 
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_event_has_content_or_excerpt' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_event_has_content_or_excerpt')) {
 	/**
 	 *    espresso_event_has_content_or_excerpt
 	 *
@@ -656,15 +656,15 @@ 
 	 * @param bool $EVT_ID
 	 * @return    boolean
 	 */
-	function espresso_event_has_content_or_excerpt( $EVT_ID = FALSE ) {
-		return EEH_Event_View::event_has_content_or_excerpt( $EVT_ID );
+	function espresso_event_has_content_or_excerpt($EVT_ID = FALSE) {
+		return EEH_Event_View::event_has_content_or_excerpt($EVT_ID);
 	}
 }
 
 
 
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_event_content_or_excerpt' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_event_content_or_excerpt')) {
 	/**
 	 * espresso_event_content_or_excerpt
 	 *
@@ -673,18 +673,18 @@ 
 	 * @param bool $echo
 	 * @return string
 	 */
-	function espresso_event_content_or_excerpt( $num_words = 55, $more = NULL, $echo = TRUE ) {
-		if ( $echo ) {
-			echo EEH_Event_View::event_content_or_excerpt( $num_words, $more );
+	function espresso_event_content_or_excerpt($num_words = 55, $more = NULL, $echo = TRUE) {
+		if ($echo) {
+			echo EEH_Event_View::event_content_or_excerpt($num_words, $more);
 			return '';
 		}
-		return EEH_Event_View::event_content_or_excerpt( $num_words, $more );
+		return EEH_Event_View::event_content_or_excerpt($num_words, $more);
 	}
 }
 
 
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_event_phone' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_event_phone')) {
 	/**
 	 * espresso_event_phone
 	 *
@@ -692,18 +692,18 @@ 
 	 * @param bool $echo
 	 * @return string
 	 */
-	function espresso_event_phone( $EVT_ID = 0, $echo = TRUE ) {
-		if ( $echo ) {
-			echo EEH_Event_View::event_phone( $EVT_ID );
+	function espresso_event_phone($EVT_ID = 0, $echo = TRUE) {
+		if ($echo) {
+			echo EEH_Event_View::event_phone($EVT_ID);
 			return '';
 		}
-		return EEH_Event_View::event_phone( $EVT_ID );
+		return EEH_Event_View::event_phone($EVT_ID);
 	}
 }
 
 
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_edit_event_link' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_edit_event_link')) {
 	/**
 	 * espresso_edit_event_link
 	 * returns a link to edit an event
@@ -712,39 +712,39 @@ 
 	 * @param bool $echo
 	 * @return string
 	 */
-	function espresso_edit_event_link( $EVT_ID = 0, $echo = TRUE ) {
-		if ( $echo ) {
-			echo EEH_Event_View::edit_event_link( $EVT_ID );
+	function espresso_edit_event_link($EVT_ID = 0, $echo = TRUE) {
+		if ($echo) {
+			echo EEH_Event_View::edit_event_link($EVT_ID);
 			return '';
 		}
-		return EEH_Event_View::edit_event_link( $EVT_ID );
+		return EEH_Event_View::edit_event_link($EVT_ID);
 	}
 }
 
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_organization_name' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_organization_name')) {
 	/**
 	 * espresso_organization_name
 	 * @param bool $echo
 	 * @return string
 	 */
 	function espresso_organization_name($echo = TRUE) {
-		if($echo){
-			echo EE_Registry::instance()->CFG->organization->get_pretty( 'name' );
+		if ($echo) {
+			echo EE_Registry::instance()->CFG->organization->get_pretty('name');
 			return '';
 		}
-		return EE_Registry::instance()->CFG->organization->get_pretty( 'name' );
+		return EE_Registry::instance()->CFG->organization->get_pretty('name');
 	}
 }
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_organization_address' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_organization_address')) {
 	/**
 	 * espresso_organization_address
 	 * @param string $type
 	 * @return string
 	 */
-	function espresso_organization_address( $type = 'inline' ) {
-		if ( EE_Registry::instance()->CFG->organization instanceof EE_Organization_Config ) {
+	function espresso_organization_address($type = 'inline') {
+		if (EE_Registry::instance()->CFG->organization instanceof EE_Organization_Config) {
 			$address = new EventEspresso\core\domain\entities\GenericAddress(
 				EE_Registry::instance()->CFG->organization->address_1,
 				EE_Registry::instance()->CFG->organization->address_2,
@@ -753,129 +753,129 @@ 
 				EE_Registry::instance()->CFG->organization->zip,
 				EE_Registry::instance()->CFG->organization->CNT_ISO
 			);
-			return EEH_Address::format( $address, $type );
+			return EEH_Address::format($address, $type);
 		}
 		return '';
 	}
 }
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_organization_email' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_organization_email')) {
 	/**
 	 * espresso_organization_email
 	 * @param bool $echo
 	 * @return string
 	 */
-	function espresso_organization_email( $echo = TRUE ) {
-		if($echo){
-			echo EE_Registry::instance()->CFG->organization->get_pretty( 'email' );
+	function espresso_organization_email($echo = TRUE) {
+		if ($echo) {
+			echo EE_Registry::instance()->CFG->organization->get_pretty('email');
 			return '';
 		}
-		return EE_Registry::instance()->CFG->organization->get_pretty( 'email' );
+		return EE_Registry::instance()->CFG->organization->get_pretty('email');
 	}
 }
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_organization_logo_url' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_organization_logo_url')) {
 	/**
 	 * espresso_organization_logo_url
 	 * @param bool $echo
 	 * @return string
 	 */
-	function espresso_organization_logo_url( $echo = TRUE ) {
-		if($echo){
-			echo EE_Registry::instance()->CFG->organization->get_pretty( 'logo_url' );
+	function espresso_organization_logo_url($echo = TRUE) {
+		if ($echo) {
+			echo EE_Registry::instance()->CFG->organization->get_pretty('logo_url');
 			return '';
 		}
-		return EE_Registry::instance()->CFG->organization->get_pretty( 'logo_url' );
+		return EE_Registry::instance()->CFG->organization->get_pretty('logo_url');
 	}
 }
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_organization_facebook' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_organization_facebook')) {
 	/**
 	 * espresso_organization_facebook
 	 * @param bool $echo
 	 * @return string
 	 */
-	function espresso_organization_facebook( $echo = TRUE ) {
-		if($echo){
-			echo EE_Registry::instance()->CFG->organization->get_pretty( 'facebook' );
+	function espresso_organization_facebook($echo = TRUE) {
+		if ($echo) {
+			echo EE_Registry::instance()->CFG->organization->get_pretty('facebook');
 			return '';
 		}
-		return EE_Registry::instance()->CFG->organization->get_pretty( 'facebook' );
+		return EE_Registry::instance()->CFG->organization->get_pretty('facebook');
 	}
 }
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_organization_twitter' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_organization_twitter')) {
 	/**
 	 * espresso_organization_twitter
 	 * @param bool $echo
 	 * @return string
 	 */
-	function espresso_organization_twitter( $echo = TRUE ) {
-		if($echo){
-			echo EE_Registry::instance()->CFG->organization->get_pretty( 'twitter' );
+	function espresso_organization_twitter($echo = TRUE) {
+		if ($echo) {
+			echo EE_Registry::instance()->CFG->organization->get_pretty('twitter');
 			return '';
 		}
-		return EE_Registry::instance()->CFG->organization->get_pretty( 'twitter' );
+		return EE_Registry::instance()->CFG->organization->get_pretty('twitter');
 	}
 }
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_organization_linkedin' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_organization_linkedin')) {
 	/**
 	 * espresso_organization_linkedin
 	 * @param bool $echo
 	 * @return string
 	 */
-	function espresso_organization_linkedin( $echo = TRUE ) {
-		if($echo){
-			echo EE_Registry::instance()->CFG->organization->get_pretty( 'linkedin' );
+	function espresso_organization_linkedin($echo = TRUE) {
+		if ($echo) {
+			echo EE_Registry::instance()->CFG->organization->get_pretty('linkedin');
 			return '';
 		}
-		return EE_Registry::instance()->CFG->organization->get_pretty( 'linkedin' );
+		return EE_Registry::instance()->CFG->organization->get_pretty('linkedin');
 	}
 }
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_organization_pinterest' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_organization_pinterest')) {
 	/**
 	 * espresso_organization_pinterest
 	 * @param bool $echo
 	 * @return string
 	 */
-	function espresso_organization_pinterest( $echo = TRUE ) {
-		if($echo){
-			echo EE_Registry::instance()->CFG->organization->get_pretty( 'pinterest' );
+	function espresso_organization_pinterest($echo = TRUE) {
+		if ($echo) {
+			echo EE_Registry::instance()->CFG->organization->get_pretty('pinterest');
 			return '';
 		}
-		return EE_Registry::instance()->CFG->organization->get_pretty( 'pinterest' );
+		return EE_Registry::instance()->CFG->organization->get_pretty('pinterest');
 	}
 }
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_organization_google' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_organization_google')) {
 	/**
 	 * espresso_organization_google
 	 * @param bool $echo
 	 * @return string
 	 */
-	function espresso_organization_google( $echo = TRUE ) {
-		if($echo){
-			echo EE_Registry::instance()->CFG->organization->get_pretty( 'google' );
+	function espresso_organization_google($echo = TRUE) {
+		if ($echo) {
+			echo EE_Registry::instance()->CFG->organization->get_pretty('google');
 			return '';
 		}
-		return EE_Registry::instance()->CFG->organization->get_pretty( 'google' );
+		return EE_Registry::instance()->CFG->organization->get_pretty('google');
 	}
 }
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_organization_instagram' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_organization_instagram')) {
 	/**
 	 * espresso_organization_instagram
 	 * @param bool $echo
 	 * @return string
 	 */
-	function espresso_organization_instagram( $echo = TRUE ) {
-		if($echo){
-			echo EE_Registry::instance()->CFG->organization->get_pretty( 'instagram' );
+	function espresso_organization_instagram($echo = TRUE) {
+		if ($echo) {
+			echo EE_Registry::instance()->CFG->organization->get_pretty('instagram');
 			return '';
 		}
-		return EE_Registry::instance()->CFG->organization->get_pretty( 'instagram' );
+		return EE_Registry::instance()->CFG->organization->get_pretty('instagram');
 	}
 }
 
@@ -885,7 +885,7 @@ 
 
 
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_event_venues' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_event_venues')) {
 	/**
 	 * espresso_event_venues
 	 *
@@ -899,7 +899,7 @@ 
 
 
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_venue_id' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_venue_id')) {
 	/**
 	 *    espresso_venue_name
 	 *
@@ -907,15 +907,15 @@ 
 	 * @param     int $EVT_ID
 	 * @return    string
 	 */
-	function espresso_venue_id( $EVT_ID = 0 ) {
-		$venue = EEH_Venue_View::get_venue( $EVT_ID );
+	function espresso_venue_id($EVT_ID = 0) {
+		$venue = EEH_Venue_View::get_venue($EVT_ID);
 		return $venue instanceof EE_Venue ? $venue->ID() : 0;
 	}
 }
 
 
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_is_venue_private' ) ) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_is_venue_private')) {
 	/**
 	 * Return whether a venue is private or not.
 	 * @see EEH_Venue_View::get_venue() for more info on expected return results.
@@ -924,45 +924,45 @@ 
 	 *
 	 * @return bool | null
 	 */
-	function espresso_is_venue_private( $VNU_ID = 0 ) {
-		return EEH_Venue_View::is_venue_private( $VNU_ID );
+	function espresso_is_venue_private($VNU_ID = 0) {
+		return EEH_Venue_View::is_venue_private($VNU_ID);
 	}
 }
 
 
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_venue_is_password_protected' ) ) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_venue_is_password_protected')) {
 	/**
 	 * returns true or false if a venue is password protected or not
 	 *
 	 * @param int     $VNU_ID optional, the venue id to check.
 	 * @return string
 	 */
-	function espresso_venue_is_password_protected( $VNU_ID = 0 ) {
-		EE_Registry::instance()->load_helper( 'Venue_View' );
-		return EEH_Venue_View::is_venue_password_protected( $VNU_ID );
+	function espresso_venue_is_password_protected($VNU_ID = 0) {
+		EE_Registry::instance()->load_helper('Venue_View');
+		return EEH_Venue_View::is_venue_password_protected($VNU_ID);
 	}
 }
 
 
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_password_protected_venue_form' ) ) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_password_protected_venue_form')) {
 	/**
 	 * Returns a password form if venue is password protected.
 	 *
 	 * @param int     $VNU_ID optional, the venue id to check.
 	 * @return string
 	 */
-	function espresso_password_protected_venue_form( $VNU_ID = 0 ) {
-		EE_Registry::instance()->load_helper( 'Venue_View' );
-		return EEH_Venue_View::password_protected_venue_form( $VNU_ID );
+	function espresso_password_protected_venue_form($VNU_ID = 0) {
+		EE_Registry::instance()->load_helper('Venue_View');
+		return EEH_Venue_View::password_protected_venue_form($VNU_ID);
 	}
 }
 
 
 
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_venue_name' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_venue_name')) {
 	/**
 	 *    espresso_venue_name
 	 *
@@ -972,19 +972,19 @@ 
 	 * @param bool   $echo
 	 * @return    string
 	 */
-	function espresso_venue_name( $VNU_ID = 0, $link_to = 'details', $echo = TRUE ) {
-		if($echo){
-			echo EEH_Venue_View::venue_name( $link_to, $VNU_ID );
+	function espresso_venue_name($VNU_ID = 0, $link_to = 'details', $echo = TRUE) {
+		if ($echo) {
+			echo EEH_Venue_View::venue_name($link_to, $VNU_ID);
 			return '';
 		}
-		return EEH_Venue_View::venue_name( $link_to, $VNU_ID );
+		return EEH_Venue_View::venue_name($link_to, $VNU_ID);
 	}
 }
 
 
 
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_venue_link' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_venue_link')) {
 	/**
 	 * 	espresso_venue_link
 	 *
@@ -993,14 +993,14 @@ 
 	 *  @param 	string 	$text
 	 *  @return 	string
 	 */
-	function espresso_venue_link( $VNU_ID = 0, $text = '' ) {
-		return EEH_Venue_View::venue_details_link( $VNU_ID, $text );
+	function espresso_venue_link($VNU_ID = 0, $text = '') {
+		return EEH_Venue_View::venue_details_link($VNU_ID, $text);
 	}
 }
 
 
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_venue_description' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_venue_description')) {
 	/**
 	 *    espresso_venue_description
 	 *
@@ -1009,17 +1009,17 @@ 
 	 * @param bool $echo
 	 * @return    string
 	 */
-	function espresso_venue_description( $VNU_ID = FALSE, $echo = TRUE ) {
-		if($echo){
-			echo EEH_Venue_View::venue_description( $VNU_ID );
+	function espresso_venue_description($VNU_ID = FALSE, $echo = TRUE) {
+		if ($echo) {
+			echo EEH_Venue_View::venue_description($VNU_ID);
 			return '';
 		}
-		return EEH_Venue_View::venue_description( $VNU_ID );
+		return EEH_Venue_View::venue_description($VNU_ID);
 	}
 }
 
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_venue_excerpt' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_venue_excerpt')) {
 	/**
 	 *    espresso_venue_excerpt
 	 *
@@ -1028,18 +1028,18 @@ 
 	 * @param bool $echo
 	 * @return    string
 	 */
-	function espresso_venue_excerpt( $VNU_ID = 0,  $echo = TRUE ) {
-		if ( $echo ) {
-			echo EEH_Venue_View::venue_excerpt( $VNU_ID );
+	function espresso_venue_excerpt($VNU_ID = 0, $echo = TRUE) {
+		if ($echo) {
+			echo EEH_Venue_View::venue_excerpt($VNU_ID);
 			return '';
 		}
-		return EEH_Venue_View::venue_excerpt( $VNU_ID );
+		return EEH_Venue_View::venue_excerpt($VNU_ID);
 	}
 }
 
 
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_venue_categories' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_venue_categories')) {
 	/**
 	 * espresso_venue_categories
 	 * returns the terms associated with a venue
@@ -1049,17 +1049,17 @@ 
 	 * @param bool $echo
 	 * @return string
 	 */
-	function espresso_venue_categories( $VNU_ID = 0, $hide_uncategorized = TRUE,  $echo = TRUE ) {
-		if ( $echo ) {
-			echo EEH_Venue_View::venue_categories( $VNU_ID, $hide_uncategorized );
+	function espresso_venue_categories($VNU_ID = 0, $hide_uncategorized = TRUE, $echo = TRUE) {
+		if ($echo) {
+			echo EEH_Venue_View::venue_categories($VNU_ID, $hide_uncategorized);
 			return '';
 		}
-		return EEH_Venue_View::venue_categories( $VNU_ID, $hide_uncategorized );
+		return EEH_Venue_View::venue_categories($VNU_ID, $hide_uncategorized);
 	}
 }
 
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_venue_address' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_venue_address')) {
 	/**
 	 * espresso_venue_address
 	 * returns a formatted block of html  for displaying a venue's address
@@ -1069,17 +1069,17 @@ 
 	 * @param bool   $echo
 	 * @return string
 	 */
-	function espresso_venue_address( $type = 'multiline', $VNU_ID = 0, $echo = TRUE ) {
-		if ( $echo ) {
-			echo EEH_Venue_View::venue_address( $type, $VNU_ID );
+	function espresso_venue_address($type = 'multiline', $VNU_ID = 0, $echo = TRUE) {
+		if ($echo) {
+			echo EEH_Venue_View::venue_address($type, $VNU_ID);
 			return '';
 		}
-		return EEH_Venue_View::venue_address( $type, $VNU_ID );
+		return EEH_Venue_View::venue_address($type, $VNU_ID);
 	}
 }
 
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_venue_raw_address' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_venue_raw_address')) {
 	/**
 	 * espresso_venue_address
 	 * returns an UN-formatted string containing a venue's address
@@ -1089,17 +1089,17 @@ 
 	 * @param bool     $echo
 	 * @return string
 	 */
-	function espresso_venue_raw_address( $type = 'multiline', $VNU_ID = 0, $echo = TRUE ) {
-		if ( $echo ) {
-			echo EEH_Venue_View::venue_address( $type, $VNU_ID, FALSE, FALSE );
+	function espresso_venue_raw_address($type = 'multiline', $VNU_ID = 0, $echo = TRUE) {
+		if ($echo) {
+			echo EEH_Venue_View::venue_address($type, $VNU_ID, FALSE, FALSE);
 			return '';
 		}
-		return EEH_Venue_View::venue_address( $type, $VNU_ID, FALSE, FALSE );
+		return EEH_Venue_View::venue_address($type, $VNU_ID, FALSE, FALSE);
 	}
 }
 
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_venue_has_address' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_venue_has_address')) {
 	/**
 	 * espresso_venue_has_address
 	 * returns TRUE or FALSE if a Venue has address information
@@ -1107,13 +1107,13 @@ 
 	 * @param int $VNU_ID
 	 * @return bool
 	 */
-	function espresso_venue_has_address( $VNU_ID = 0 ) {
-		return EEH_Venue_View::venue_has_address( $VNU_ID );
+	function espresso_venue_has_address($VNU_ID = 0) {
+		return EEH_Venue_View::venue_has_address($VNU_ID);
 	}
 }
 
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_venue_gmap' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_venue_gmap')) {
 	/**
 	 * espresso_venue_gmap
 	 * returns a google map for the venue address
@@ -1124,17 +1124,17 @@ 
 	 * @param bool     $echo
 	 * @return string
 	 */
-	function espresso_venue_gmap( $VNU_ID = 0, $map_ID = FALSE, $gmap = array(), $echo = TRUE  ) {
-		if ( $echo ) {
-			echo EEH_Venue_View::venue_gmap( $VNU_ID, $map_ID, $gmap );
+	function espresso_venue_gmap($VNU_ID = 0, $map_ID = FALSE, $gmap = array(), $echo = TRUE) {
+		if ($echo) {
+			echo EEH_Venue_View::venue_gmap($VNU_ID, $map_ID, $gmap);
 			return '';
 		}
-		return EEH_Venue_View::venue_gmap( $VNU_ID, $map_ID, $gmap );
+		return EEH_Venue_View::venue_gmap($VNU_ID, $map_ID, $gmap);
 	}
 }
 
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_venue_phone' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_venue_phone')) {
 	/**
 	 * espresso_venue_phone
 	 *
@@ -1142,18 +1142,18 @@ 
 	 * @param bool $echo
 	 * @return string
 	 */
-	function espresso_venue_phone( $VNU_ID = 0, $echo = TRUE ) {
-		if ( $echo ) {
-			echo EEH_Venue_View::venue_phone( $VNU_ID );
+	function espresso_venue_phone($VNU_ID = 0, $echo = TRUE) {
+		if ($echo) {
+			echo EEH_Venue_View::venue_phone($VNU_ID);
 			return '';
 		}
-		return EEH_Venue_View::venue_phone( $VNU_ID );
+		return EEH_Venue_View::venue_phone($VNU_ID);
 	}
 }
 
 
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_venue_website' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_venue_website')) {
 	/**
 	 * espresso_venue_website
 	 *
@@ -1161,18 +1161,18 @@ 
 	 * @param bool $echo
 	 * @return string
 	 */
-	function espresso_venue_website( $VNU_ID = 0, $echo = TRUE ) {
-		if ( $echo ) {
-			echo EEH_Venue_View::venue_website_link( $VNU_ID );
+	function espresso_venue_website($VNU_ID = 0, $echo = TRUE) {
+		if ($echo) {
+			echo EEH_Venue_View::venue_website_link($VNU_ID);
 			return '';
 		}
-		return EEH_Venue_View::venue_website_link( $VNU_ID );
+		return EEH_Venue_View::venue_website_link($VNU_ID);
 	}
 }
 
 
 
-if ( ! function_exists( 'espresso_edit_venue_link' )) {
+if ( ! function_exists('espresso_edit_venue_link')) {
 	/**
 	 * espresso_edit_venue_link
 	 *
@@ -1180,12 +1180,12 @@ 
 	 * @param bool $echo
 	 * @return string
 	 */
-	function espresso_edit_venue_link( $VNU_ID = 0, $echo = TRUE ) {
-		if($echo){
-			echo EEH_Venue_View::edit_venue_link( $VNU_ID );
+	function espresso_edit_venue_link($VNU_ID = 0, $echo = TRUE) {
+		if ($echo) {
+			echo EEH_Venue_View::edit_venue_link($VNU_ID);
 			return '';
 		}
-		return EEH_Venue_View::edit_venue_link( $VNU_ID );
+		return EEH_Venue_View::edit_venue_link($VNU_ID);
 	}
 }
 

core/helpers/EEH_Event_View.helper.php

Spacing +116 added lines, -116 removed lines

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ 
         }
         //reset property so that the new event is cached.
         EEH_Event_View::$_event = null;
-        if (! $EVT_ID && $post instanceof EE_Event) {
+        if ( ! $EVT_ID && $post instanceof EE_Event) {
             EEH_Event_View::$_event = $post;
             return EEH_Event_View::$_event;
         }
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ 
             return EEH_Event_View::$_event;
         }
         //If the event we have isn't an event but we do have an EVT_ID, let's try getting the event using the ID.
-        if (! EEH_Event_View::$_event instanceof EE_Event && $EVT_ID) {
+        if ( ! EEH_Event_View::$_event instanceof EE_Event && $EVT_ID) {
             EEH_Event_View::$_event = EEM_Event::instance()->get_one_by_ID($EVT_ID);
         }
         return EEH_Event_View::$_event;
@@ -87,8 +87,8 @@ 
 	 * @param    int $EVT_ID
 	 * @return    boolean
 	 */
-	public static function display_ticket_selector( $EVT_ID = 0 ) {
-		$event = EEH_Event_View::get_event( $EVT_ID );
+	public static function display_ticket_selector($EVT_ID = 0) {
+		$event = EEH_Event_View::get_event($EVT_ID);
 		return $event instanceof EE_Event ? $event->display_ticket_selector() : FALSE;
 	}
 
@@ -101,9 +101,9 @@ 
 	 * @param    int $EVT_ID
 	 * @return    string
 	 */
-	public static function event_status( $EVT_ID = 0 ) {
-		$event = EEH_Event_View::get_event( $EVT_ID );
-		return $event instanceof EE_Event ? $event->pretty_active_status( FALSE ) : '';
+	public static function event_status($EVT_ID = 0) {
+		$event = EEH_Event_View::get_event($EVT_ID);
+		return $event instanceof EE_Event ? $event->pretty_active_status(FALSE) : '';
 	}
 
 
@@ -115,8 +115,8 @@ 
 	 * @param    int $EVT_ID
 	 *  @return 	string
 	 */
-	public static function event_active_status( $EVT_ID = 0 ) {
-		$event = EEH_Event_View::get_event( $EVT_ID );
+	public static function event_active_status($EVT_ID = 0) {
+		$event = EEH_Event_View::get_event($EVT_ID);
 		return $event instanceof EE_Event ? $event->pretty_active_status() : 'inactive';
 	}
 
@@ -129,13 +129,13 @@ 
 	 * @param    int $EVT_ID
 	 *  @return 	string
 	 */
-	public static function event_has_content_or_excerpt( $EVT_ID = 0 ) {
-		$event = EEH_Event_View::get_event( $EVT_ID );
+	public static function event_has_content_or_excerpt($EVT_ID = 0) {
+		$event = EEH_Event_View::get_event($EVT_ID);
 		$has_content_or_excerpt = FALSE;
-		if ( $event instanceof EE_Event ) {
-			$has_content_or_excerpt = $event->description() != '' || $event->short_description( NULL, NULL, TRUE ) != '' ? TRUE : FALSE;
+		if ($event instanceof EE_Event) {
+			$has_content_or_excerpt = $event->description() != '' || $event->short_description(NULL, NULL, TRUE) != '' ? TRUE : FALSE;
 		}
-		if ( is_archive() && ! ( espresso_display_full_description_in_event_list() || espresso_display_excerpt_in_event_list() )) {
+		if (is_archive() && ! (espresso_display_full_description_in_event_list() || espresso_display_excerpt_in_event_list())) {
 			$has_content_or_excerpt = FALSE;
 		}
 		return $has_content_or_excerpt;
@@ -151,15 +151,15 @@ 
 	 * @param null $more
 	 * @return    string
 	 */
-	public static function event_content_or_excerpt( $num_words = NULL, $more = NULL ) {
+	public static function event_content_or_excerpt($num_words = NULL, $more = NULL) {
         global $post;
 		ob_start();
-		if (( is_single() ) || ( is_archive() && espresso_display_full_description_in_event_list() )) {
+		if ((is_single()) || (is_archive() && espresso_display_full_description_in_event_list())) {
 			// admin has chosen "full description"
             // for the "Event Espresso - Events > Templates > Display Description" option
 			the_content();
-		} else if (( is_archive() && espresso_display_excerpt_in_event_list() ) ) {
-            if ( has_excerpt( $post->ID )) {
+		} else if ((is_archive() && espresso_display_excerpt_in_event_list())) {
+            if (has_excerpt($post->ID)) {
                 // admin has chosen "excerpt (short desc)"
                 // for the "Event Espresso - Events > Templates > Display Description" option
                 // AND an excerpt actually exists
@@ -168,20 +168,20 @@ 
                 // admin has chosen "excerpt (short desc)"
                 // for the "Event Espresso - Events > Templates > Display Description" option
                 // but NO excerpt actually exists, so we need to create one
-                if ( ! empty( $num_words )) {
-                    if ( empty( $more )) {
-                        $more_link_text = __( '(more…)' );
-                        $more = ' <a href="' . get_permalink() . '"';
+                if ( ! empty($num_words)) {
+                    if (empty($more)) {
+                        $more_link_text = __('(more&hellip;)');
+                        $more = ' <a href="'.get_permalink().'"';
                         $more .= ' class="more-link"';
                         $more .= \EED_Events_Archive::link_target();
-                        $more .= '>' . $more_link_text . '</a>';
-                        $more = apply_filters( 'the_content_more_link', $more, $more_link_text );
+                        $more .= '>'.$more_link_text.'</a>';
+                        $more = apply_filters('the_content_more_link', $more, $more_link_text);
                     }
-                    $content = str_replace( 'NOMORELINK', '', get_the_content( 'NOMORELINK' ));
+                    $content = str_replace('NOMORELINK', '', get_the_content('NOMORELINK'));
 
-                    $content =  wp_trim_words( $content, $num_words, ' ' ) . $more;
+                    $content = wp_trim_words($content, $num_words, ' ').$more;
                 } else {
-                    $content =  get_the_content();
+                    $content = get_the_content();
                 }
                 global $allowedtags;
                 // make sure links are allowed
@@ -195,15 +195,15 @@ 
                 // but get previous value so we can reset it
                 $prev_value = $allowedtags['a']['target'];
                 $allowedtags['a']['target'] = true;
-                $content = wp_kses( $content, $allowedtags );
-                $content = strip_shortcodes( $content );
-                echo apply_filters( 'the_content', $content );
+                $content = wp_kses($content, $allowedtags);
+                $content = strip_shortcodes($content);
+                echo apply_filters('the_content', $content);
                 $allowedtags['a']['target'] = $prev_value;
             }
         } else {
             // admin has chosen "none"
             // for the "Event Espresso - Events > Templates > Display Description" option
-            echo apply_filters( 'the_content', '' );
+            echo apply_filters('the_content', '');
 		}
 		return ob_get_clean();
 	}
@@ -217,13 +217,13 @@ 
 	 * @param    int $EVT_ID
 	 *  @return 	EE_Ticket[]
 	 */
-	public static function event_tickets_available( $EVT_ID = 0 ) {
-		$event = EEH_Event_View::get_event( $EVT_ID );
+	public static function event_tickets_available($EVT_ID = 0) {
+		$event = EEH_Event_View::get_event($EVT_ID);
 		$tickets_available_for_purchase = array();
-		if( $event instanceof EE_Event ) {
-			$datetimes = EEH_Event_View::get_all_date_obj( $EVT_ID, FALSE );
-			foreach( $datetimes as $datetime ) {
-				$tickets_available_for_purchase = array_merge( $tickets_available_for_purchase, $datetime->ticket_types_available_for_purchase() );
+		if ($event instanceof EE_Event) {
+			$datetimes = EEH_Event_View::get_all_date_obj($EVT_ID, FALSE);
+			foreach ($datetimes as $datetime) {
+				$tickets_available_for_purchase = array_merge($tickets_available_for_purchase, $datetime->ticket_types_available_for_purchase());
 			}
 		}
 		return $tickets_available_for_purchase;
@@ -239,17 +239,17 @@ 
 	 * @param 	  bool   $hide_uncategorized
 	 * @return    string
 	 */
-	public static function event_categories( $EVT_ID = 0, $hide_uncategorized = TRUE ) {
+	public static function event_categories($EVT_ID = 0, $hide_uncategorized = TRUE) {
 		$category_links = array();
-		$event = EEH_Event_View::get_event( $EVT_ID );
-		if ( $event instanceof EE_Event ) {
-			$event_categories = get_the_terms( $event->ID(), 'espresso_event_categories' );
-			if ( $event_categories ) {
+		$event = EEH_Event_View::get_event($EVT_ID);
+		if ($event instanceof EE_Event) {
+			$event_categories = get_the_terms($event->ID(), 'espresso_event_categories');
+			if ($event_categories) {
 				// loop thru terms and create links
-				foreach ( $event_categories as $term ) {
-					$url = get_term_link( $term, 'espresso_venue_categories' );
-					if ( ! is_wp_error( $url ) && (( $hide_uncategorized && strtolower( $term->name ) != __( 'uncategorized', 'event_espresso' )) || ! $hide_uncategorized )) {
-						$category_links[] = '<a href="' . esc_url( $url )
+				foreach ($event_categories as $term) {
+					$url = get_term_link($term, 'espresso_venue_categories');
+					if ( ! is_wp_error($url) && (($hide_uncategorized && strtolower($term->name) != __('uncategorized', 'event_espresso')) || ! $hide_uncategorized)) {
+						$category_links[] = '<a href="'.esc_url($url)
                                             . '" rel="tag"'
                                             . \EED_Events_Archive::link_target()
                                             .'>'
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ 
 				}
 			}
 		}
-		return implode( ', ', $category_links );
+		return implode(', ', $category_links);
 	}
 
 
@@ -273,10 +273,10 @@ 
 	 * @param int    $EVT_ID
 	 * @return    string
 	 */
-	public static function the_event_date( $dt_frmt = 'D M jS', $tm_frmt = 'g:i a', $EVT_ID = 0 ) {
-		$datetime = EEH_Event_View::get_primary_date_obj( $EVT_ID );
-		$format = ! empty( $dt_frmt ) && ! empty( $tm_frmt ) ? $dt_frmt . ' ' . $tm_frmt : $dt_frmt . $tm_frmt;
-		return $datetime instanceof EE_Datetime ? $datetime->get_i18n_datetime( 'DTT_EVT_start', $format ) :  '';
+	public static function the_event_date($dt_frmt = 'D M jS', $tm_frmt = 'g:i a', $EVT_ID = 0) {
+		$datetime = EEH_Event_View::get_primary_date_obj($EVT_ID);
+		$format = ! empty($dt_frmt) && ! empty($tm_frmt) ? $dt_frmt.' '.$tm_frmt : $dt_frmt.$tm_frmt;
+		return $datetime instanceof EE_Datetime ? $datetime->get_i18n_datetime('DTT_EVT_start', $format) : '';
 	}
 
 
@@ -290,10 +290,10 @@ 
 	 * @param int    $EVT_ID
 	 * @return    string
 	 */
-	public static function the_event_end_date( $dt_frmt = 'D M jS', $tm_frmt = 'g:i a', $EVT_ID = 0 ) {
-		$datetime = EEH_Event_View::get_last_date_obj( $EVT_ID );
-		$format = ! empty( $dt_frmt ) && ! empty( $tm_frmt ) ? $dt_frmt . ' ' . $tm_frmt : $dt_frmt . $tm_frmt;
-		return $datetime instanceof EE_Datetime ? $datetime->get_i18n_datetime( 'DTT_EVT_end', $format ) : '';
+	public static function the_event_end_date($dt_frmt = 'D M jS', $tm_frmt = 'g:i a', $EVT_ID = 0) {
+		$datetime = EEH_Event_View::get_last_date_obj($EVT_ID);
+		$format = ! empty($dt_frmt) && ! empty($tm_frmt) ? $dt_frmt.' '.$tm_frmt : $dt_frmt.$tm_frmt;
+		return $datetime instanceof EE_Datetime ? $datetime->get_i18n_datetime('DTT_EVT_end', $format) : '';
 	}
 
 
@@ -307,10 +307,10 @@ 
 	 * @param int    $EVT_ID
 	 * @return    string
 	 */
-	public static function the_earliest_event_date( $dt_frmt = 'D M jS', $tm_frmt = 'g:i a', $EVT_ID = 0 ) {
-		$datetime = EEH_Event_View::get_earliest_date_obj( $EVT_ID );
-		$format = ! empty( $dt_frmt ) && ! empty( $tm_frmt ) ? $dt_frmt . ' ' . $tm_frmt : $dt_frmt . $tm_frmt;
-		return $datetime instanceof EE_Datetime ?  $datetime->get_i18n_datetime( 'DTT_EVT_start', $format ) : '';
+	public static function the_earliest_event_date($dt_frmt = 'D M jS', $tm_frmt = 'g:i a', $EVT_ID = 0) {
+		$datetime = EEH_Event_View::get_earliest_date_obj($EVT_ID);
+		$format = ! empty($dt_frmt) && ! empty($tm_frmt) ? $dt_frmt.' '.$tm_frmt : $dt_frmt.$tm_frmt;
+		return $datetime instanceof EE_Datetime ? $datetime->get_i18n_datetime('DTT_EVT_start', $format) : '';
 	}
 
 
@@ -324,10 +324,10 @@ 
 	 * @param int    $EVT_ID
 	 * @return    string
 	 */
-	public static function the_latest_event_date( $dt_frmt = 'D M jS', $tm_frmt = 'g:i a', $EVT_ID = 0 ) {
-		$datetime = EEH_Event_View::get_latest_date_obj( $EVT_ID );
-		$format = ! empty( $dt_frmt ) && ! empty( $tm_frmt ) ? $dt_frmt . ' ' . $tm_frmt : $dt_frmt . $tm_frmt;
-		return $datetime instanceof EE_Datetime ?  $datetime->get_i18n_datetime( 'DTT_EVT_end', $format ) : '';
+	public static function the_latest_event_date($dt_frmt = 'D M jS', $tm_frmt = 'g:i a', $EVT_ID = 0) {
+		$datetime = EEH_Event_View::get_latest_date_obj($EVT_ID);
+		$format = ! empty($dt_frmt) && ! empty($tm_frmt) ? $dt_frmt.' '.$tm_frmt : $dt_frmt.$tm_frmt;
+		return $datetime instanceof EE_Datetime ? $datetime->get_i18n_datetime('DTT_EVT_end', $format) : '';
 	}
 
 
@@ -339,13 +339,13 @@ 
 	 * @param int $EVT_ID
 	 * @return    string
 	 */
-	public static function event_date_as_calendar_page( $EVT_ID = 0 ) {
-		$datetime = EEH_Event_View::get_primary_date_obj( $EVT_ID );
-		if ( $datetime instanceof EE_Datetime ) {
+	public static function event_date_as_calendar_page($EVT_ID = 0) {
+		$datetime = EEH_Event_View::get_primary_date_obj($EVT_ID);
+		if ($datetime instanceof EE_Datetime) {
 	?>
 		<div class="event-date-calendar-page-dv">
-			<div class="event-date-calendar-page-month-dv"><?php echo $datetime->get_i18n_datetime( 'DTT_EVT_start', 'M' );?></div>
-			<div class="event-date-calendar-page-day-dv"><?php echo $datetime->start_date( 'd' );?></div>
+			<div class="event-date-calendar-page-month-dv"><?php echo $datetime->get_i18n_datetime('DTT_EVT_start', 'M'); ?></div>
+			<div class="event-date-calendar-page-day-dv"><?php echo $datetime->start_date('d'); ?></div>
 		</div>
 	<?php
 		}
@@ -360,17 +360,17 @@ 
 	 * @param int $EVT_ID
 	 * @return    string
 	 */
-	public static function get_primary_date_obj( $EVT_ID = 0 ) {
-		$event = EEH_Event_View::get_event( $EVT_ID );
-		if ( $event instanceof EE_Event ) {
+	public static function get_primary_date_obj($EVT_ID = 0) {
+		$event = EEH_Event_View::get_event($EVT_ID);
+		if ($event instanceof EE_Event) {
 			$datetimes = $event->get_many_related(
 				'Datetime',
 				array(
 					'limit' => 1,
-					'order_by' => array( 'DTT_order' => 'ASC' )
+					'order_by' => array('DTT_order' => 'ASC')
 				)
 			);
-			return reset( $datetimes );
+			return reset($datetimes);
 		} else {
 			 return FALSE;
 		}
@@ -385,17 +385,17 @@ 
 	 * @param int $EVT_ID
 	 * @return    string
 	 */
-	public static function get_last_date_obj( $EVT_ID = 0 ) {
-		$event = EEH_Event_View::get_event( $EVT_ID );
-		if ( $event instanceof EE_Event ) {
+	public static function get_last_date_obj($EVT_ID = 0) {
+		$event = EEH_Event_View::get_event($EVT_ID);
+		if ($event instanceof EE_Event) {
 			$datetimes = $event->get_many_related(
 				'Datetime',
 				array(
 					'limit' => 1,
-					'order_by' => array( 'DTT_order' => 'DESC' )
+					'order_by' => array('DTT_order' => 'DESC')
 				)
 			);
-			return end( $datetimes );
+			return end($datetimes);
 		} else {
 			return FALSE;
 		}
@@ -410,17 +410,17 @@ 
 	 * @param int $EVT_ID
 	 * @return    string
 	 */
-	public static function get_earliest_date_obj( $EVT_ID = 0 ) {
-		$event = EEH_Event_View::get_event( $EVT_ID );
-		if ( $event instanceof EE_Event ) {
+	public static function get_earliest_date_obj($EVT_ID = 0) {
+		$event = EEH_Event_View::get_event($EVT_ID);
+		if ($event instanceof EE_Event) {
 			$datetimes = $event->get_many_related(
 				'Datetime',
 				array(
 					'limit' => 1,
-					'order_by' => array( 'DTT_EVT_start' => 'ASC' )
+					'order_by' => array('DTT_EVT_start' => 'ASC')
 				)
 			);
-			return reset( $datetimes );
+			return reset($datetimes);
 		} else {
 			 return FALSE;
 		}
@@ -435,17 +435,17 @@ 
 	 * @param int $EVT_ID
 	 * @return    string
 	 */
-	public static function get_latest_date_obj( $EVT_ID = 0 ) {
-		$event = EEH_Event_View::get_event( $EVT_ID );
-		if ( $event instanceof EE_Event ) {
+	public static function get_latest_date_obj($EVT_ID = 0) {
+		$event = EEH_Event_View::get_event($EVT_ID);
+		if ($event instanceof EE_Event) {
 			$datetimes = $event->get_many_related(
 				'Datetime',
 				array(
 					'limit' => 1,
-					'order_by' => array( 'DTT_EVT_start' => 'DESC' )
+					'order_by' => array('DTT_EVT_start' => 'DESC')
 				)
 			);
-			return end( $datetimes );
+			return end($datetimes);
 		} else {
 			return FALSE;
 		}
@@ -458,7 +458,7 @@ 
 	 * @param int $EVT_ID
 	 * @return    EE_Datetime|null
 	 */
-	public static function get_next_upcoming_date_obj( $EVT_ID = 0 ) {
+	public static function get_next_upcoming_date_obj($EVT_ID = 0) {
 		$datetime = EEM_Datetime::instance()->get_one(
 			array(
 				array(
@@ -481,17 +481,17 @@ 
 	 * @param null $limit
 	 * @return EE_Datetime[]
 	 */
-	public static function get_all_date_obj( $EVT_ID = 0, $include_expired = null, $include_deleted = false, $limit = NULL ) {
-		$event = EEH_Event_View::get_event( $EVT_ID );
-		if($include_expired === null){
-			if($event instanceof EE_Event && $event->is_expired()){
+	public static function get_all_date_obj($EVT_ID = 0, $include_expired = null, $include_deleted = false, $limit = NULL) {
+		$event = EEH_Event_View::get_event($EVT_ID);
+		if ($include_expired === null) {
+			if ($event instanceof EE_Event && $event->is_expired()) {
 				$include_expired = true;
-			}else{
+			} else {
 				$include_expired = false;
 			}
 		}
 
-		if ( $event instanceof EE_Event ) {
+		if ($event instanceof EE_Event) {
 			return $event->datetimes_ordered($include_expired, $include_deleted, $limit);
 		} else {
 			 return array();
@@ -507,11 +507,11 @@ 
 	 * @param int $EVT_ID
 	 * @return    string
 	 */
-	public static function event_link_url( $EVT_ID = 0 ) {
-		$event = EEH_Event_View::get_event( $EVT_ID );
-		if ( $event instanceof EE_Event ) {
-			$url = $event->external_url() !== NULL && $event->external_url() !== '' ? $event->external_url() : get_permalink( $event->ID() );
-			return preg_match( "~^(?:f|ht)tps?://~i", $url ) ? $url : 'http://' . $url;
+	public static function event_link_url($EVT_ID = 0) {
+		$event = EEH_Event_View::get_event($EVT_ID);
+		if ($event instanceof EE_Event) {
+			$url = $event->external_url() !== NULL && $event->external_url() !== '' ? $event->external_url() : get_permalink($event->ID());
+			return preg_match("~^(?:f|ht)tps?://~i", $url) ? $url : 'http://'.$url;
 		}
 		return NULL;
 	}
@@ -525,10 +525,10 @@ 
 	 * @param int $EVT_ID
 	 * @return    string
 	 */
-	public static function event_phone( $EVT_ID = 0 ) {
-		$event = EEH_Event_View::get_event( $EVT_ID );
-		if ( $event instanceof EE_Event ) {
-			return EEH_Schema::telephone( $event->phone() );
+	public static function event_phone($EVT_ID = 0) {
+		$event = EEH_Event_View::get_event($EVT_ID);
+		if ($event instanceof EE_Event) {
+			return EEH_Schema::telephone($event->phone());
 		}
 		return NULL;
 	}
@@ -545,26 +545,26 @@ 
 	 * @param string $after
 	 * @return    string
 	 */
-	public static function edit_event_link( $EVT_ID = 0, $link = '', $before = '', $after = '' ) {
-		$event = EEH_Event_View::get_event( $EVT_ID );
-		if ( $event instanceof EE_Event ) {
+	public static function edit_event_link($EVT_ID = 0, $link = '', $before = '', $after = '') {
+		$event = EEH_Event_View::get_event($EVT_ID);
+		if ($event instanceof EE_Event) {
 			// can the user edit this post ?
-			if ( current_user_can( 'edit_post', $event->ID() )) {
+			if (current_user_can('edit_post', $event->ID())) {
 				// set link text
-				$link_text = ! empty( $link ) ? $link : __('edit this event');
+				$link_text = ! empty($link) ? $link : __('edit this event');
 				// generate nonce
-				$nonce = wp_create_nonce( 'edit_nonce' );
+				$nonce = wp_create_nonce('edit_nonce');
 				// generate url to event editor for this event
-				$url = add_query_arg( array( 'page' => 'espresso_events', 'action' => 'edit', 'post' => $event->ID(), 'edit_nonce' => $nonce ), admin_url() );
+				$url = add_query_arg(array('page' => 'espresso_events', 'action' => 'edit', 'post' => $event->ID(), 'edit_nonce' => $nonce), admin_url());
 				// get edit CPT text
-				$post_type_obj = get_post_type_object( 'espresso_events' );
+				$post_type_obj = get_post_type_object('espresso_events');
 				// build final link html
-				$link = '<a class="post-edit-link" href="' . $url . '" ';
-				$link .= ' title="' . esc_attr( $post_type_obj->labels->edit_item ) . '"';
+				$link = '<a class="post-edit-link" href="'.$url.'" ';
+				$link .= ' title="'.esc_attr($post_type_obj->labels->edit_item).'"';
 				$link .= \EED_Events_Archive::link_target();
-				$link .='>' . $link_text . '</a>';
+				$link .= '>'.$link_text.'</a>';
 				// put it all together
-				return $before . apply_filters( 'edit_post_link', $link, $event->ID() ) . $after;
+				return $before.apply_filters('edit_post_link', $link, $event->ID()).$after;
 			}
 		}
 		return '';

core/db_models/EEM_Payment_Method.model.php

Indentation +25 added lines, -25 removed lines

@@ -294,15 +294,15 @@ 
 
 
 
-    /**
-     * Overrides parent to not only turn wpdb results into EE_Payment_Method objects,
-     * but also verifies the payment method type of each is a usable object. If not,
-     * deactivate it, sets a notification, and deactivates it
-     *
-     * @param array $rows
-     * @return EE_Payment_Method[]
-     * @throws InvalidDataTypeException
-     */
+	/**
+	 * Overrides parent to not only turn wpdb results into EE_Payment_Method objects,
+	 * but also verifies the payment method type of each is a usable object. If not,
+	 * deactivate it, sets a notification, and deactivates it
+	 *
+	 * @param array $rows
+	 * @return EE_Payment_Method[]
+	 * @throws InvalidDataTypeException
+	 */
 	protected function _create_objects( $rows = array() ) {
 		EE_Registry::instance()->load_lib( 'Payment_Method_Manager' );
 		$payment_methods = parent::_create_objects( $rows );
@@ -319,22 +319,22 @@ 
 				//only deactivate and notify the admin if the payment is active somewhere
 				$payment_method->deactivate();
 				$payment_method->save();
-                do_action(
-                    'AHEE__EEM_Payment_Method___create_objects_auto_deactivated_payment_method',
-                    $payment_method
-                );
-                new PersistentAdminNotice(
-                    'auto-deactivated-' . $payment_method->type(),
-                    sprintf(
-                        __('The payment method %1$s was automatically deactivated because it appears its associated Event Espresso Addon was recently deactivated.%2$sIt can be reactivated on the %3$sPlugins admin page%4$s, then you can reactivate the payment method.',
-                            'event_espresso'),
-                        $payment_method->admin_name(),
-                        '<br />',
-                        '<a href="' . admin_url('plugins.php') . '">',
-                        '</a>'
-                    ),
-                    true
-                );
+				do_action(
+					'AHEE__EEM_Payment_Method___create_objects_auto_deactivated_payment_method',
+					$payment_method
+				);
+				new PersistentAdminNotice(
+					'auto-deactivated-' . $payment_method->type(),
+					sprintf(
+						__('The payment method %1$s was automatically deactivated because it appears its associated Event Espresso Addon was recently deactivated.%2$sIt can be reactivated on the %3$sPlugins admin page%4$s, then you can reactivate the payment method.',
+							'event_espresso'),
+						$payment_method->admin_name(),
+						'<br />',
+						'<a href="' . admin_url('plugins.php') . '">',
+						'</a>'
+					),
+					true
+				);
 			}
 		}
 		return $usable_payment_methods;

Spacing +90 added lines, -90 removed lines

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ 
 <?php use EventEspresso\core\domain\entities\notifications\PersistentAdminNotice;
 use EventEspresso\core\exceptions\InvalidDataTypeException;
 
-if ( ! defined( 'EVENT_ESPRESSO_VERSION' ) ) {
-	exit( 'No direct script access allowed' );
+if ( ! defined('EVENT_ESPRESSO_VERSION')) {
+	exit('No direct script access allowed');
 }
 /**
  *
@@ -40,33 +40,33 @@ 
 	 * @access   protected
 	 * @return EEM_Payment_Method
 	 */
-	protected function __construct( $timezone = NULL ) {
-		$this->singlular_item = __( 'Payment Method', 'event_espresso' );
-		$this->plural_item = __( 'Payment Methods', 'event_espresso' );
-		$this->_tables = array( 'Payment_Method' => new EE_Primary_Table( 'esp_payment_method', 'PMD_ID' ) );
+	protected function __construct($timezone = NULL) {
+		$this->singlular_item = __('Payment Method', 'event_espresso');
+		$this->plural_item = __('Payment Methods', 'event_espresso');
+		$this->_tables = array('Payment_Method' => new EE_Primary_Table('esp_payment_method', 'PMD_ID'));
 		$this->_fields = array(
 			'Payment_Method' => array(
-				'PMD_ID' => new EE_Primary_Key_Int_Field( 'PMD_ID', __( "ID", 'event_espresso' ) ),
-				'PMD_type' => new EE_Plain_Text_Field( 'PMD_type', __( "Payment Method Type", 'event_espresso' ), FALSE, 'Admin_Only' ),
-				'PMD_name' => new EE_Plain_Text_Field( 'PMD_name', __( "Name", 'event_espresso' ), FALSE ),
-				'PMD_desc' => new EE_Post_Content_Field( 'PMD_desc', __( "Description", 'event_espresso' ), FALSE, '' ),
-				'PMD_admin_name' => new EE_Plain_Text_Field( 'PMD_admin_name', __( "Admin-Only Name", 'event_espresso' ), TRUE ),
-				'PMD_admin_desc' => new EE_Post_Content_Field( 'PMD_admin_desc', __( "Admin-Only Description", 'event_espresso' ), TRUE ),
-				'PMD_slug' => new EE_Slug_Field( 'PMD_slug', __( "Slug", 'event_espresso' ), FALSE ),
-				'PMD_order' => new EE_Integer_Field( 'PMD_order', __( "Order", 'event_espresso' ), FALSE, 0 ),
-				'PMD_debug_mode' => new EE_Boolean_Field( 'PMD_debug_mode', __( "Debug Mode On?", 'event_espresso' ), FALSE, FALSE ),
-				'PMD_wp_user' => new EE_WP_User_Field( 'PMD_wp_user', __( "Payment Method Creator ID", 'event_espresso' ), FALSE ),
-				'PMD_open_by_default' => new EE_Boolean_Field( 'PMD_open_by_default', __( "Open by Default?", 'event_espresso' ), FALSE, FALSE ), 'PMD_button_url' => new EE_Plain_Text_Field( 'PMD_button_url', __( "Button URL", 'event_espresso' ), TRUE, '' ),
-				'PMD_scope' => new EE_Serialized_Text_Field( 'PMD_scope', __( "Usable From?", 'event_espresso' ), FALSE, array() ), //possible values currently are 'CART','ADMIN','API'
+				'PMD_ID' => new EE_Primary_Key_Int_Field('PMD_ID', __("ID", 'event_espresso')),
+				'PMD_type' => new EE_Plain_Text_Field('PMD_type', __("Payment Method Type", 'event_espresso'), FALSE, 'Admin_Only'),
+				'PMD_name' => new EE_Plain_Text_Field('PMD_name', __("Name", 'event_espresso'), FALSE),
+				'PMD_desc' => new EE_Post_Content_Field('PMD_desc', __("Description", 'event_espresso'), FALSE, ''),
+				'PMD_admin_name' => new EE_Plain_Text_Field('PMD_admin_name', __("Admin-Only Name", 'event_espresso'), TRUE),
+				'PMD_admin_desc' => new EE_Post_Content_Field('PMD_admin_desc', __("Admin-Only Description", 'event_espresso'), TRUE),
+				'PMD_slug' => new EE_Slug_Field('PMD_slug', __("Slug", 'event_espresso'), FALSE),
+				'PMD_order' => new EE_Integer_Field('PMD_order', __("Order", 'event_espresso'), FALSE, 0),
+				'PMD_debug_mode' => new EE_Boolean_Field('PMD_debug_mode', __("Debug Mode On?", 'event_espresso'), FALSE, FALSE),
+				'PMD_wp_user' => new EE_WP_User_Field('PMD_wp_user', __("Payment Method Creator ID", 'event_espresso'), FALSE),
+				'PMD_open_by_default' => new EE_Boolean_Field('PMD_open_by_default', __("Open by Default?", 'event_espresso'), FALSE, FALSE), 'PMD_button_url' => new EE_Plain_Text_Field('PMD_button_url', __("Button URL", 'event_espresso'), TRUE, ''),
+				'PMD_scope' => new EE_Serialized_Text_Field('PMD_scope', __("Usable From?", 'event_espresso'), FALSE, array()), //possible values currently are 'CART','ADMIN','API'
 		) );
 		$this->_model_relations = array(
  //			'Event'=>new EE_HABTM_Relation('Event_Payment_Method'),
 			'Payment' => new EE_Has_Many_Relation(),
-			'Currency' => new EE_HABTM_Relation( 'Currency_Payment_Method' ),
+			'Currency' => new EE_HABTM_Relation('Currency_Payment_Method'),
 			'Transaction' => new EE_Has_Many_Relation(),
 			'WP_User' => new EE_Belongs_To_Relation(),
 		);
-		parent::__construct( $timezone );
+		parent::__construct($timezone);
 	}
 
 
@@ -76,8 +76,8 @@ 
 	 * @param string $slug
 	 * @return EE_Payment_Method
 	 */
-	public function get_one_by_slug( $slug ) {
-		return $this->get_one( array( array( 'PMD_slug' => $slug ) ) );
+	public function get_one_by_slug($slug) {
+		return $this->get_one(array(array('PMD_slug' => $slug)));
 	}
 
 
@@ -91,8 +91,8 @@ 
 		return apply_filters(
 			'FHEE__EEM_Payment_Method__scopes',
 			array(
-				self::scope_cart 		=> __( "Front-end Registration Page", 'event_espresso' ),
-				self::scope_admin 	=> __( "Admin Registration Page (no online processing)", 'event_espresso' )
+				self::scope_cart 		=> __("Front-end Registration Page", 'event_espresso'),
+				self::scope_admin 	=> __("Admin Registration Page (no online processing)", 'event_espresso')
 			)
 		);
 	}
@@ -104,9 +104,9 @@ 
 	 * @param string $scope like one of EEM_Payment_Method::instance()->scopes()
 	 * @return boolean
 	 */
-	public function is_valid_scope( $scope ) {
+	public function is_valid_scope($scope) {
 		$scopes = $this->scopes();
-		if ( isset( $scopes[ $scope ] ) ) {
+		if (isset($scopes[$scope])) {
 			return TRUE;
 		} else {
 			return FALSE;
@@ -122,11 +122,11 @@ 
 	 * @throws EE_Error
 	 * @return EE_Payment_Method[]
 	 */
-	public function get_all_active( $scope = NULL, $query_params = array() ) {
-		if( ! isset( $query_params[ 'order_by' ] ) && ! isset( $query_params[ 'order' ] ) ) {
-			$query_params['order_by'] = array( 'PMD_order' => 'ASC', 'PMD_ID' => 'ASC' );
+	public function get_all_active($scope = NULL, $query_params = array()) {
+		if ( ! isset($query_params['order_by']) && ! isset($query_params['order'])) {
+			$query_params['order_by'] = array('PMD_order' => 'ASC', 'PMD_ID' => 'ASC');
 		}
-		return $this->get_all( $this->_get_query_params_for_all_active( $scope, $query_params ) );
+		return $this->get_all($this->_get_query_params_for_all_active($scope, $query_params));
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -135,8 +135,8 @@ 
 	 * @param array $query_params
 	 * @return int
 	 */
-	public function count_active( $scope = NULL, $query_params = array() ){
-		return $this->count( $this->_get_query_params_for_all_active( $scope, $query_params ) );
+	public function count_active($scope = NULL, $query_params = array()) {
+		return $this->count($this->_get_query_params_for_all_active($scope, $query_params));
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -147,21 +147,21 @@ 
 	 * @return array like param of EEM_Base::get_all()
 	 * @throws EE_Error
 	 */
-	protected function _get_query_params_for_all_active( $scope = NULL, $query_params = array() ){
-		if ( $scope ) {
-			if ( $this->is_valid_scope( $scope ) ) {
-				return array_replace_recursive( array( array( 'PMD_scope' => array( 'LIKE', "%$scope%" ) ) ), $query_params );
+	protected function _get_query_params_for_all_active($scope = NULL, $query_params = array()) {
+		if ($scope) {
+			if ($this->is_valid_scope($scope)) {
+				return array_replace_recursive(array(array('PMD_scope' => array('LIKE', "%$scope%"))), $query_params);
 			} else {
-				throw new EE_Error( sprintf( __( "'%s' is not a valid scope for a payment method", "event_espresso" ), $scope ) );
+				throw new EE_Error(sprintf(__("'%s' is not a valid scope for a payment method", "event_espresso"), $scope));
 			}
 		} else {
 			$acceptable_scopes = array();
 			$count = 0;
-			foreach ( $this->scopes() as $scope_name => $desc ) {
+			foreach ($this->scopes() as $scope_name => $desc) {
 				$count++;
-				$acceptable_scopes[ 'PMD_scope*' . $count ] = array( 'LIKE', '%' . $scope_name . '%' );
+				$acceptable_scopes['PMD_scope*'.$count] = array('LIKE', '%'.$scope_name.'%');
 			}
-			return array_replace_recursive( array( array( 'OR*active_scope' => $acceptable_scopes ) ), $query_params );
+			return array_replace_recursive(array(array('OR*active_scope' => $acceptable_scopes)), $query_params);
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -173,8 +173,8 @@ 
 	 * @return array like param of EEM_Base::get_all()
 	 * @throws EE_Error
 	 */
-	public function get_query_params_for_all_active( $scope = NULL, $query_params = array() ) {
-		return $this->_get_query_params_for_all_active( $scope, $query_params );
+	public function get_query_params_for_all_active($scope = NULL, $query_params = array()) {
+		return $this->_get_query_params_for_all_active($scope, $query_params);
 	}
 
 
@@ -184,8 +184,8 @@ 
 	 * @param array  $query_params
 	 * @return EE_Payment_Method
 	 */
-	public function get_one_active( $scope = NULL, $query_params = array() ) {
-		return $this->get_one( $this->_get_query_params_for_all_active( $scope, $query_params ) );
+	public function get_one_active($scope = NULL, $query_params = array()) {
+		return $this->get_one($this->_get_query_params_for_all_active($scope, $query_params));
 	}
 
 
@@ -195,8 +195,8 @@ 
 	 * @param string $type
 	 * @return EE_Payment_Method
 	 */
-	public function get_one_of_type( $type ) {
-		return $this->get_one( array( array( 'PMD_type' => $type ) ) );
+	public function get_one_of_type($type) {
+		return $this->get_one(array(array('PMD_type' => $type)));
 	}
 
 
@@ -209,22 +209,22 @@ 
 	 * @return EE_Payment_Method
 	 * @throws EE_Error
 	 */
-	public function ensure_is_obj( $base_class_obj_or_id, $ensure_is_in_db = FALSE ) {
+	public function ensure_is_obj($base_class_obj_or_id, $ensure_is_in_db = FALSE) {
 		//first: check if it's a slug
-		if( is_string( $base_class_obj_or_id ) ) {
-			$obj = $this->get_one_by_slug( $base_class_obj_or_id );
-			if( $obj ) {
+		if (is_string($base_class_obj_or_id)) {
+			$obj = $this->get_one_by_slug($base_class_obj_or_id);
+			if ($obj) {
 				return $obj;
 			}
 		}
 		//ok so it wasn't a slug we were passed. try the usual then (ie, it's an object or an ID)
 		try {
-			return parent::ensure_is_obj( $base_class_obj_or_id, $ensure_is_in_db );
+			return parent::ensure_is_obj($base_class_obj_or_id, $ensure_is_in_db);
 		}
-		catch ( EE_Error $e ) {
+		catch (EE_Error $e) {
 			//handle it outside the catch
 		}
-		throw new EE_Error( sprintf( __( "'%s' is neither a Payment Method ID, slug, nor object.", "event_espresso" ), $base_class_obj_or_id ) );
+		throw new EE_Error(sprintf(__("'%s' is neither a Payment Method ID, slug, nor object.", "event_espresso"), $base_class_obj_or_id));
 	}
 
 
@@ -235,12 +235,12 @@ 
 	 * @param mixed $base_obj_or_id_or_slug
 	 * @return int
 	 */
-	function ensure_is_ID( $base_obj_or_id_or_slug ) {
-		if ( is_string( $base_obj_or_id_or_slug ) ) {
+	function ensure_is_ID($base_obj_or_id_or_slug) {
+		if (is_string($base_obj_or_id_or_slug)) {
 			//assume it's a slug
-			$base_obj_or_id_or_slug = $this->get_one_by_slug( $base_obj_or_id_or_slug );
+			$base_obj_or_id_or_slug = $this->get_one_by_slug($base_obj_or_id_or_slug);
 		}
-		return parent::ensure_is_ID( $base_obj_or_id_or_slug );
+		return parent::ensure_is_ID($base_obj_or_id_or_slug);
 	}
 
 
@@ -249,36 +249,36 @@ 
 	 * Verifies the button urls on all the passed payment methods have a valid button url. If not, resets them to their default.
 	 * @param EE_Payment_Method[] $payment_methods. If NULL is provided defaults to all payment methods active in the cart
 	 */
-	function verify_button_urls( $payment_methods = NULL ) {
-		$payment_methods = is_array( $payment_methods ) ? $payment_methods : $this->get_all_active(EEM_Payment_Method::scope_cart);
-		foreach ( $payment_methods as $payment_method ) {
+	function verify_button_urls($payment_methods = NULL) {
+		$payment_methods = is_array($payment_methods) ? $payment_methods : $this->get_all_active(EEM_Payment_Method::scope_cart);
+		foreach ($payment_methods as $payment_method) {
 			try {
 				$current_button_url = $payment_method->button_url();
-				$buttons_urls_to_try = apply_filters( 'FHEE__EEM_Payment_Method__verify_button_urls__button_urls_to_try', array(
-					'current_ssl' => str_replace( "http://", "https://", $current_button_url ),
-					'current' => str_replace( "https://", "http://", $current_button_url ),
-					'default_ssl' => str_replace( "http://", "https://", $payment_method->type_obj()->default_button_url() ),
-					'default' => str_replace( "https://", "http://", $payment_method->type_obj()->default_button_url() ),
-				) );
-				foreach( $buttons_urls_to_try as $button_url_to_try ) {
-					if(
+				$buttons_urls_to_try = apply_filters('FHEE__EEM_Payment_Method__verify_button_urls__button_urls_to_try', array(
+					'current_ssl' => str_replace("http://", "https://", $current_button_url),
+					'current' => str_replace("https://", "http://", $current_button_url),
+					'default_ssl' => str_replace("http://", "https://", $payment_method->type_obj()->default_button_url()),
+					'default' => str_replace("https://", "http://", $payment_method->type_obj()->default_button_url()),
+				));
+				foreach ($buttons_urls_to_try as $button_url_to_try) {
+					if (
 							(//this is the current url and it exists, regardless of SSL issues
 								$button_url_to_try == $current_button_url &&
 								EEH_URL::remote_file_exists(
 										$button_url_to_try,
 										array(
 											'sslverify' => false,
-											'limit_response_size' => 4095,//we don't really care for a full response, but we do want headers at least. Lets just ask for a one block
+											'limit_response_size' => 4095, //we don't really care for a full response, but we do want headers at least. Lets just ask for a one block
 											) )
 							)
 							||
 							(//this is NOT the current url and it exists with a working SSL cert
 								$button_url_to_try != $current_button_url &&
-								EEH_URL::remote_file_exists( $button_url_to_try )
+								EEH_URL::remote_file_exists($button_url_to_try)
 							) ) {
-						if( $current_button_url != $button_url_to_try ){
-							$payment_method->save( array( 'PMD_button_url' => $button_url_to_try ) );
-							EE_Error::add_attention( sprintf( __( "Payment Method %s's button url was set to %s, because the old image either didnt exist or SSL was recently enabled.", "event_espresso" ), $payment_method->name(), $button_url_to_try ) );
+						if ($current_button_url != $button_url_to_try) {
+							$payment_method->save(array('PMD_button_url' => $button_url_to_try));
+							EE_Error::add_attention(sprintf(__("Payment Method %s's button url was set to %s, because the old image either didnt exist or SSL was recently enabled.", "event_espresso"), $payment_method->name(), $button_url_to_try));
 						}
 						//this image exists. So if wasn't set before, now it is;
 						//or if it was already set, we have nothing to do
@@ -286,8 +286,8 @@ 
 					}
 				}
 			}
-			catch ( EE_Error $e ) {
-				$payment_method->set_active( FALSE );
+			catch (EE_Error $e) {
+				$payment_method->set_active(FALSE);
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -303,19 +303,19 @@ 
      * @return EE_Payment_Method[]
      * @throws InvalidDataTypeException
      */
-	protected function _create_objects( $rows = array() ) {
-		EE_Registry::instance()->load_lib( 'Payment_Method_Manager' );
-		$payment_methods = parent::_create_objects( $rows );
+	protected function _create_objects($rows = array()) {
+		EE_Registry::instance()->load_lib('Payment_Method_Manager');
+		$payment_methods = parent::_create_objects($rows);
 		/* @var $payment_methods EE_Payment_Method[] */
 		$usable_payment_methods = array();
-		foreach ( $payment_methods as $key => $payment_method ) {
-			if ( EE_Payment_Method_Manager::instance()->payment_method_type_exists( $payment_method->type() ) ) {
-				$usable_payment_methods[ $key ] = $payment_method;
+		foreach ($payment_methods as $key => $payment_method) {
+			if (EE_Payment_Method_Manager::instance()->payment_method_type_exists($payment_method->type())) {
+				$usable_payment_methods[$key] = $payment_method;
 				//some payment methods enqueue their scripts in EE_PMT_*::__construct
 				//which is kinda a no-no (just because it's being constructed doesn't mean we need to enqueue
 				//its scripts). but for backwards-compat we should continue to do that
 				$payment_method->type_obj();
-			} elseif( $payment_method->active() ) {
+			} elseif ($payment_method->active()) {
 				//only deactivate and notify the admin if the payment is active somewhere
 				$payment_method->deactivate();
 				$payment_method->save();
@@ -324,13 +324,13 @@ 
                     $payment_method
                 );
                 new PersistentAdminNotice(
-                    'auto-deactivated-' . $payment_method->type(),
+                    'auto-deactivated-'.$payment_method->type(),
                     sprintf(
                         __('The payment method %1$s was automatically deactivated because it appears its associated Event Espresso Addon was recently deactivated.%2$sIt can be reactivated on the %3$sPlugins admin page%4$s, then you can reactivate the payment method.',
                             'event_espresso'),
                         $payment_method->admin_name(),
                         '<br />',
-                        '<a href="' . admin_url('plugins.php') . '">',
+                        '<a href="'.admin_url('plugins.php').'">',
                         '</a>'
                     ),
                     true
@@ -350,11 +350,11 @@ 
 	 * @param string 	$scope @see EEM_Payment_Method::get_all_for_events
 	 * @return EE_Payment_Method[]
 	 */
-	public function get_all_for_transaction( $transaction, $scope ) {
+	public function get_all_for_transaction($transaction, $scope) {
 		//give addons a chance to override what payment methods are chosen based on the transaction
 		return apply_filters(
 			'FHEE__EEM_Payment_Method__get_all_for_transaction__payment_methods',
-			$this->get_all_active( $scope, array( 'group_by' => 'PMD_type' ) ),
+			$this->get_all_active($scope, array('group_by' => 'PMD_type')),
 			$transaction,
 			$scope
 		);
@@ -370,16 +370,16 @@ 
 	 * @param EE_Registration|int $registration_or_reg_id  Either the EE_Registration object or the id for the registration.
 	 * @return EE_Payment|null
 	 */
-	public function get_last_used_for_registration( $registration_or_reg_id ) {
-		$registration_id = EEM_Registration::instance()->ensure_is_ID( $registration_or_reg_id );
+	public function get_last_used_for_registration($registration_or_reg_id) {
+		$registration_id = EEM_Registration::instance()->ensure_is_ID($registration_or_reg_id);
 
 		$query_params = array(
 			0 => array(
 				'Payment.Registration.REG_ID' => $registration_id,
 			),
-			'order_by' => array( 'Payment.PAY_ID' => 'DESC' )
+			'order_by' => array('Payment.PAY_ID' => 'DESC')
 		);
-		return $this->get_one( $query_params );
+		return $this->get_one($query_params);
 	}
 
 }

core/libraries/payment_methods/EE_Payment_Method_Manager.lib.php

Indentation +576 added lines, -576 removed lines

@@ -21,582 +21,582 @@
 class EE_Payment_Method_Manager implements ResettableInterface
 {
 
-    /**
-     * prefix added to all payment method capabilities names
-     */
-    const   CAPABILITIES_PREFIX= 'ee_payment_method_';
-
-    /**
-     * @var EE_Payment_Method_Manager $_instance
-     */
-    private static $_instance;
-
-    /**
-     * @var boolean
-     */
-    protected $payment_method_caps_initialized = false;
-
-    /**
-     * @var array keys are class names without 'EE_PMT_', values are their filepaths
-     */
-    protected $_payment_method_types = array();
-
-    /**
-     * @var EE_PMT_Base[]
-     */
-    protected $payment_method_objects = array();
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * EE_Payment_Method_Manager constructor.
-     *
-     * @throws EE_Error
-     * @throws DomainException
-     */
-    public function __construct()
-    {
-        // if in admin lets ensure caps are set.
-        if (is_admin()) {
-            $this->_register_payment_methods();
-            // set them immediately
-            $this->initializePaymentMethodCaps();
-            // plus any time they get reset
-            add_filter(
-                'FHEE__EE_Capabilities__addCaps__capabilities_to_add',
-                array($this, 'addPaymentMethodCapsDuringReset')
-            );
-        }
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * @singleton method used to instantiate class object
-     * @return EE_Payment_Method_Manager instance
-     * @throws DomainException
-     * @throws EE_Error
-     */
-    public static function instance()
-    {
-        // check if class object is instantiated, and instantiated properly
-        if (! self::$_instance instanceof EE_Payment_Method_Manager) {
-            EE_Registry::instance()->load_lib('PMT_Base');
-            self::$_instance = new self();
-        }
-        return self::$_instance;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Resets the instance and returns a new one
-     *
-     * @return EE_Payment_Method_Manager
-     * @throws DomainException
-     * @throws EE_Error
-     */
-    public static function reset()
-    {
-        self::$_instance = null;
-        return self::instance();
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * If necessary, re-register payment methods
-     *
-     * @param boolean $force_recheck whether to recheck for payment method types,
-     *                               or just re-use the PMTs we found last time we checked during this request (if
-     *                               we have not yet checked during this request, then we need to check anyways)
-     */
-    public function maybe_register_payment_methods($force_recheck = false)
-    {
-        if (! $this->_payment_method_types || $force_recheck) {
-            $this->_register_payment_methods();
-        }
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * register_payment_methods
-     *
-     * @return array
-     */
-    protected function _register_payment_methods()
-    {
-        // grab list of installed modules
-        $pm_to_register = glob(EE_PAYMENT_METHODS . '*', GLOB_ONLYDIR);
-        // filter list of modules to register
-        $pm_to_register = apply_filters(
-            'FHEE__EE_Payment_Method_Manager__register_payment_methods__payment_methods_to_register',
-            $pm_to_register
-        );
-        // remove any duplicates if that should happen for some reason
-        $pm_to_register = array_unique($pm_to_register);
-        // loop through folders
-        foreach ($pm_to_register as $pm_path) {
-            $this->register_payment_method($pm_path);
-        }
-        do_action('FHEE__EE_Payment_Method_Manager__register_payment_methods__registered_payment_methods');
-        // filter list of installed modules
-        //keep them organized alphabetically by the payment method type's name
-        ksort($this->_payment_method_types);
-        return apply_filters(
-            'FHEE__EE_Payment_Method_Manager__register_payment_methods__installed_payment_methods',
-            $this->_payment_method_types
-        );
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * register_payment_method- makes core aware of this payment method
-     *
-     * @param string $payment_method_path - full path up to and including payment method folder
-     * @return boolean
-     */
-    public function register_payment_method($payment_method_path = '')
-    {
-        do_action('AHEE__EE_Payment_Method_Manager__register_payment_method__begin', $payment_method_path);
-        $module_ext = '.pm.php';
-        // make all separators match
-        $payment_method_path = rtrim(str_replace('/\\', DS, $payment_method_path), DS);
-        // grab and sanitize module name
-        $module_dir = basename($payment_method_path);
-        // create class name from module directory name
-        $module = str_replace(array('_', ' '), array(' ', '_'), $module_dir);
-        // add class prefix
-        $module_class = 'EE_PMT_' . $module;
-        // does the module exist ?
-        if (! is_readable($payment_method_path . DS . $module_class . $module_ext)) {
-            $msg = sprintf(
-                esc_html__(
-                    'The requested %s payment method file could not be found or is not readable due to file permissions.',
-                    'event_espresso'
-                ), $module
-            );
-            EE_Error::add_error($msg . '||' . $msg, __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
-            return false;
-        }
-        // load the module class file
-        require_once($payment_method_path . DS . $module_class . $module_ext);
-        // verify that class exists
-        if (! class_exists($module_class)) {
-            $msg = sprintf(
-                esc_html__('The requested %s module class does not exist.', 'event_espresso'),
-                $module_class
-            );
-            EE_Error::add_error($msg . '||' . $msg, __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
-            return false;
-        }
-        // add to array of registered modules
-        $this->_payment_method_types[$module] = $payment_method_path . DS . $module_class . $module_ext;
-        ksort($this->_payment_method_types);
-        return true;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Checks if a payment method has been registered, and if so includes it
-     *
-     * @param string  $payment_method_name like 'PayPal_Pro', (ie class name without the prefix 'EEPM_')
-     * @param boolean $force_recheck       whether to force re-checking for new payment method types
-     * @return boolean
-     */
-    public function payment_method_type_exists($payment_method_name, $force_recheck = false)
-    {
-        if (
-            $force_recheck
-            || ! is_array($this->_payment_method_types)
-            || ! isset($this->_payment_method_types[$payment_method_name])
-        ) {
-            $this->maybe_register_payment_methods($force_recheck);
-        }
-        if (isset($this->_payment_method_types[$payment_method_name])) {
-            require_once($this->_payment_method_types[$payment_method_name]);
-            return true;
-        }
-        return false;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Returns all the class names of the various payment method types
-     *
-     * @param boolean $with_prefixes TRUE: get payment method type class names; false just their 'names'
-     *                               (what you'd find in wp_esp_payment_method.PMD_type)
-     * @param boolean $force_recheck whether to force re-checking for new payment method types
-     * @return array
-     */
-    public function payment_method_type_names($with_prefixes = false, $force_recheck = false)
-    {
-        $this->maybe_register_payment_methods($force_recheck);
-        if ($with_prefixes) {
-            $classnames = array_keys($this->_payment_method_types);
-            $payment_methods = array();
-            foreach ($classnames as $classname) {
-                $payment_methods[] = $this->payment_method_class_from_type($classname);
-            }
-            return $payment_methods;
-        }
-        return array_keys($this->_payment_method_types);
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Gets an object of each payment method type, none of which are bound to a
-     * payment method instance
-     *
-     * @param boolean $force_recheck whether to force re-checking for new payment method types
-     * @return EE_PMT_Base[]
-     */
-    public function payment_method_types($force_recheck = false)
-    {
-        if ($force_recheck || empty($this->payment_method_objects)) {
-            $this->maybe_register_payment_methods($force_recheck);
-            foreach ($this->payment_method_type_names(true) as $classname) {
-                if (! isset($this->payment_method_objects[$classname])) {
-                    $this->payment_method_objects[$classname] = new $classname;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        return $this->payment_method_objects;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Changes the payment method's class name into the payment method type's name
-     * (as used on the payment method's table's PMD_type field)
-     *
-     * @param string $classname
-     * @return string
-     */
-    public function payment_method_type_sans_class_prefix($classname)
-    {
-        return str_replace('EE_PMT_', '', $classname);
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Does the opposite of payment-method_type_sans_prefix
-     *
-     * @param string $type
-     * @return string
-     */
-    public function payment_method_class_from_type($type)
-    {
-        return 'EE_PMT_' . $type;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Activates a payment method of the given type.
-     *
-     * @param string $payment_method_type the PMT_type; for EE_PMT_Invoice this would be 'Invoice'
-     * @return EE_Payment_Method
-     * @throws InvalidDataTypeException
-     * @throws EE_Error
-     */
-    public function activate_a_payment_method_of_type($payment_method_type)
-    {
-        $this->maybe_register_payment_methods();
-        $payment_method = EEM_Payment_Method::instance()->get_one_of_type($payment_method_type);
-        if (! $payment_method instanceof EE_Payment_Method) {
-            $pm_type_class = $this->payment_method_class_from_type($payment_method_type);
-            if (class_exists($pm_type_class)) {
-                /** @var $pm_type_obj EE_PMT_Base */
-                $pm_type_obj = new $pm_type_class;
-                $payment_method = EEM_Payment_Method::instance()->get_one_by_slug($pm_type_obj->system_name());
-                if (! $payment_method) {
-                    $payment_method = $this->create_payment_method_of_type($pm_type_obj);
-                }
-                $payment_method->set_type($payment_method_type);
-                $this->initialize_payment_method($payment_method);
-            } else {
-                throw new EE_Error(
-                    sprintf(
-                        esc_html__(
-                            'There is no payment method of type %1$s, so it could not be activated',
-                            'event_espresso'
-                        ),
-                        $pm_type_class
-                    )
-                );
-            }
-        }
-        $payment_method->set_active();
-        $payment_method->save();
-        /** @type EE_Message_Resource_Manager $message_resource_manager */
-        //if this was the invoice message type, make sure users can view their invoices
-        if ($payment_method->type() === 'Invoice'
-            && (
-                ! EEH_MSG_Template::is_mt_active('invoice')
-            )
-        ) {
-            $message_resource_manager = EE_Registry::instance()->load_lib('Message_Resource_Manager');
-            /** @type EE_Message_Resource_Manager $message_resource_manager */
-            $message_resource_manager->ensure_message_type_is_active('invoice', 'html');
-            new PersistentAdminNotice(
-                'invoice_pm_requirements_notice',
-                sprintf(
-                    esc_html__(
-                        'The Invoice payment method has been activated. It requires the %1$sinvoice message%2$s type to be active, so it was automatically activated for you.',
-                        'event_espresso'
-                    ),
-                    '<a href="' . admin_url('admin.php?page=espresso_messages&action=settings') . '">',
-                    '</a>'
-                ),
-                true
-            );
-        }
-        return $payment_method;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Creates a payment method of the specified type. Does not save it.
-     *
-     * @global WP_User    $current_user
-     * @param EE_PMT_Base $pm_type_obj
-     * @return EE_Payment_Method
-     * @throws EE_Error
-     */
-    public function create_payment_method_of_type($pm_type_obj)
-    {
-        global $current_user;
-        $payment_method = EE_Payment_Method::new_instance(
-            array(
-                'PMD_type'       => $pm_type_obj->system_name(),
-                'PMD_name'       => $pm_type_obj->pretty_name(),
-                'PMD_admin_name' => $pm_type_obj->pretty_name(),
-                'PMD_slug'       => $pm_type_obj->system_name(),//automatically converted to slug
-                'PMD_wp_user'    => $current_user->ID,
-                'PMD_order'      => EEM_Payment_Method::instance()->count(
-                        array(array('PMD_type' => array('!=', 'Admin_Only')))
-                    ) * 10,
-            )
-        );
-        return $payment_method;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Sets the initial payment method properties (including extra meta)
-     *
-     * @param EE_Payment_Method $payment_method
-     * @return EE_Payment_Method
-     * @throws EE_Error
-     */
-    public function initialize_payment_method($payment_method)
-    {
-        $pm_type_obj = $payment_method->type_obj();
-        $payment_method->set_description($pm_type_obj->default_description());
-        if (! $payment_method->button_url()) {
-            $payment_method->set_button_url($pm_type_obj->default_button_url());
-        }
-        //now add setup its default extra meta properties
-        $extra_metas = $pm_type_obj->settings_form()->extra_meta_inputs();
-        if (! empty($extra_metas)) {
-            //verify the payment method has an ID before adding extra meta
-            if (! $payment_method->ID()) {
-                $payment_method->save();
-            }
-            foreach ($extra_metas as $meta_name => $input) {
-                $payment_method->update_extra_meta($meta_name, $input->raw_value());
-            }
-        }
-        return $payment_method;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Makes sure the payment method is related to the specified payment method
-     *
-     * @deprecated in 4.9.40 because the currency payment method table is being deprecated
-     * @param EE_Payment_Method $payment_method
-     * @return EE_Payment_Method
-     * @throws EE_Error
-     */
-    public function set_usable_currencies_on_payment_method($payment_method)
-    {
-        EE_Error::doing_it_wrong(
-            'EE_Payment_Method_Manager::set_usable_currencies_on_payment_method',
-            esc_html__(
-                'We no longer define what currencies are usable by payment methods. Its not used nor efficient.',
-                'event_espresso'
-            ),
-            '4.9.40'
-        );
-        return $payment_method;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Deactivates a payment method of the given payment method slug.
-     *
-     * @param string $payment_method_slug The slug for the payment method to deactivate.
-     * @return int count of rows updated.
-     * @throws EE_Error
-     */
-    public function deactivate_payment_method($payment_method_slug)
-    {
-        EE_Log::instance()->log(
-            __FILE__,
-            __FUNCTION__,
-            sprintf(
-                esc_html__(
-                    'Payment method with slug %1$s is being deactivated by site admin',
-                    'event_espresso'
-                ),
-                $payment_method_slug
-            ),
-            'payment_method_change'
-        );
-        $count_updated = EEM_Payment_Method::instance()->update(
-            array('PMD_scope' => array()),
-            array(array('PMD_slug' => $payment_method_slug))
-        );
-        do_action(
-            'AHEE__EE_Payment_Method_Manager__deactivate_payment_method__after_deactivating_payment_method',
-            $payment_method_slug,
-            $count_updated
-        );
-        return $count_updated;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * initializes payment method access caps via EE_Capabilities::init_role_caps()
-     * upon EE_Payment_Method_Manager construction
-     *
-     * @throws EE_Error
-     * @throws DomainException
-     */
-    protected function initializePaymentMethodCaps()
-    {
-        // don't do this twice
-        if ($this->payment_method_caps_initialized) {
-            return;
-        }
-        EE_Capabilities::instance()->addCaps(
-            $this->getPaymentMethodCaps()
-        );
-        $this->payment_method_caps_initialized = true;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * array  of dynamic payment method access caps.
-     * at the time of writing, october 20 2014, these are the caps added:
-     *  ee_payment_method_admin_only
-     *  ee_payment_method_aim
-     *  ee_payment_method_bank
-     *  ee_payment_method_check
-     *  ee_payment_method_invoice
-     *  ee_payment_method_mijireh
-     *  ee_payment_method_paypal_pro
-     *  ee_payment_method_paypal_standard
-     * Any other payment methods added to core or via addons will also get
-     * their related capability automatically added too, so long as they are
-     * registered properly using EE_Register_Payment_Method::register()
-     *
-     * @return array
-     * @throws DomainException
-     */
-    protected function getPaymentMethodCaps()
-    {
-        $caps = array();
-        foreach ($this->payment_method_type_names() as $payment_method_name) {
-            $caps = $this->addPaymentMethodCap($payment_method_name,$caps);
-        }
-        return $caps;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * @param string $payment_method_name
-     * @param array  $payment_method_caps
-     * @param string $role
-     * @return array
-     * @throws DomainException
-     */
-    public function addPaymentMethodCap($payment_method_name, array $payment_method_caps, $role = 'administrator')
-    {
-        if (empty($payment_method_name)) {
-            throw new DomainException(
-                esc_html__(
-                    'The name of a payment method must be specified to add capabilities.',
-                    'event_espresso'
-                )
-            );
-        }
-        if (empty($role)) {
-            throw new DomainException(
-                sprintf(
-                    esc_html__(
-                        'No role was supplied while trying to add capabilities for the %1$s payment method.',
-                        'event_espresso'
-                    ),
-                    $payment_method_name
-                )
-            );
-        }
-        if(! isset($payment_method_caps[$role])) {
-            $payment_method_caps[$role] = array();
-        }
-        $payment_method_caps[$role][] = EE_Payment_Method_Manager::CAPABILITIES_PREFIX
-                                                  . strtolower($payment_method_name);
-        return $payment_method_caps;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * callback for FHEE__EE_Capabilities__init_role_caps__caps_map filter
-     * to add dynamic payment method access caps when capabilities are reset
-     * (or if that filter is called and PM caps are not already set)
-     *
-     * @param array $caps capabilities being filtered
-     * @param bool  $reset
-     * @return array
-     * @throws DomainException
-     */
-    public function addPaymentMethodCapsDuringReset(array $caps, $reset = false)
-    {
-        if ($reset || ! $this->payment_method_caps_initialized) {
-            $this->payment_method_caps_initialized = true;
-            $caps = array_merge_recursive($caps, $this->getPaymentMethodCaps());
-        }
-        return $caps;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * @deprecated 4.9.42
-     * @param $caps
-     * @return mixed
-     */
-    public function add_payment_method_caps($caps)
-    {
-        return $caps;
-    }
+	/**
+	 * prefix added to all payment method capabilities names
+	 */
+	const   CAPABILITIES_PREFIX= 'ee_payment_method_';
+
+	/**
+	 * @var EE_Payment_Method_Manager $_instance
+	 */
+	private static $_instance;
+
+	/**
+	 * @var boolean
+	 */
+	protected $payment_method_caps_initialized = false;
+
+	/**
+	 * @var array keys are class names without 'EE_PMT_', values are their filepaths
+	 */
+	protected $_payment_method_types = array();
+
+	/**
+	 * @var EE_PMT_Base[]
+	 */
+	protected $payment_method_objects = array();
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * EE_Payment_Method_Manager constructor.
+	 *
+	 * @throws EE_Error
+	 * @throws DomainException
+	 */
+	public function __construct()
+	{
+		// if in admin lets ensure caps are set.
+		if (is_admin()) {
+			$this->_register_payment_methods();
+			// set them immediately
+			$this->initializePaymentMethodCaps();
+			// plus any time they get reset
+			add_filter(
+				'FHEE__EE_Capabilities__addCaps__capabilities_to_add',
+				array($this, 'addPaymentMethodCapsDuringReset')
+			);
+		}
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * @singleton method used to instantiate class object
+	 * @return EE_Payment_Method_Manager instance
+	 * @throws DomainException
+	 * @throws EE_Error
+	 */
+	public static function instance()
+	{
+		// check if class object is instantiated, and instantiated properly
+		if (! self::$_instance instanceof EE_Payment_Method_Manager) {
+			EE_Registry::instance()->load_lib('PMT_Base');
+			self::$_instance = new self();
+		}
+		return self::$_instance;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Resets the instance and returns a new one
+	 *
+	 * @return EE_Payment_Method_Manager
+	 * @throws DomainException
+	 * @throws EE_Error
+	 */
+	public static function reset()
+	{
+		self::$_instance = null;
+		return self::instance();
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * If necessary, re-register payment methods
+	 *
+	 * @param boolean $force_recheck whether to recheck for payment method types,
+	 *                               or just re-use the PMTs we found last time we checked during this request (if
+	 *                               we have not yet checked during this request, then we need to check anyways)
+	 */
+	public function maybe_register_payment_methods($force_recheck = false)
+	{
+		if (! $this->_payment_method_types || $force_recheck) {
+			$this->_register_payment_methods();
+		}
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * register_payment_methods
+	 *
+	 * @return array
+	 */
+	protected function _register_payment_methods()
+	{
+		// grab list of installed modules
+		$pm_to_register = glob(EE_PAYMENT_METHODS . '*', GLOB_ONLYDIR);
+		// filter list of modules to register
+		$pm_to_register = apply_filters(
+			'FHEE__EE_Payment_Method_Manager__register_payment_methods__payment_methods_to_register',
+			$pm_to_register
+		);
+		// remove any duplicates if that should happen for some reason
+		$pm_to_register = array_unique($pm_to_register);
+		// loop through folders
+		foreach ($pm_to_register as $pm_path) {
+			$this->register_payment_method($pm_path);
+		}
+		do_action('FHEE__EE_Payment_Method_Manager__register_payment_methods__registered_payment_methods');
+		// filter list of installed modules
+		//keep them organized alphabetically by the payment method type's name
+		ksort($this->_payment_method_types);
+		return apply_filters(
+			'FHEE__EE_Payment_Method_Manager__register_payment_methods__installed_payment_methods',
+			$this->_payment_method_types
+		);
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * register_payment_method- makes core aware of this payment method
+	 *
+	 * @param string $payment_method_path - full path up to and including payment method folder
+	 * @return boolean
+	 */
+	public function register_payment_method($payment_method_path = '')
+	{
+		do_action('AHEE__EE_Payment_Method_Manager__register_payment_method__begin', $payment_method_path);
+		$module_ext = '.pm.php';
+		// make all separators match
+		$payment_method_path = rtrim(str_replace('/\\', DS, $payment_method_path), DS);
+		// grab and sanitize module name
+		$module_dir = basename($payment_method_path);
+		// create class name from module directory name
+		$module = str_replace(array('_', ' '), array(' ', '_'), $module_dir);
+		// add class prefix
+		$module_class = 'EE_PMT_' . $module;
+		// does the module exist ?
+		if (! is_readable($payment_method_path . DS . $module_class . $module_ext)) {
+			$msg = sprintf(
+				esc_html__(
+					'The requested %s payment method file could not be found or is not readable due to file permissions.',
+					'event_espresso'
+				), $module
+			);
+			EE_Error::add_error($msg . '||' . $msg, __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
+			return false;
+		}
+		// load the module class file
+		require_once($payment_method_path . DS . $module_class . $module_ext);
+		// verify that class exists
+		if (! class_exists($module_class)) {
+			$msg = sprintf(
+				esc_html__('The requested %s module class does not exist.', 'event_espresso'),
+				$module_class
+			);
+			EE_Error::add_error($msg . '||' . $msg, __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
+			return false;
+		}
+		// add to array of registered modules
+		$this->_payment_method_types[$module] = $payment_method_path . DS . $module_class . $module_ext;
+		ksort($this->_payment_method_types);
+		return true;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Checks if a payment method has been registered, and if so includes it
+	 *
+	 * @param string  $payment_method_name like 'PayPal_Pro', (ie class name without the prefix 'EEPM_')
+	 * @param boolean $force_recheck       whether to force re-checking for new payment method types
+	 * @return boolean
+	 */
+	public function payment_method_type_exists($payment_method_name, $force_recheck = false)
+	{
+		if (
+			$force_recheck
+			|| ! is_array($this->_payment_method_types)
+			|| ! isset($this->_payment_method_types[$payment_method_name])
+		) {
+			$this->maybe_register_payment_methods($force_recheck);
+		}
+		if (isset($this->_payment_method_types[$payment_method_name])) {
+			require_once($this->_payment_method_types[$payment_method_name]);
+			return true;
+		}
+		return false;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns all the class names of the various payment method types
+	 *
+	 * @param boolean $with_prefixes TRUE: get payment method type class names; false just their 'names'
+	 *                               (what you'd find in wp_esp_payment_method.PMD_type)
+	 * @param boolean $force_recheck whether to force re-checking for new payment method types
+	 * @return array
+	 */
+	public function payment_method_type_names($with_prefixes = false, $force_recheck = false)
+	{
+		$this->maybe_register_payment_methods($force_recheck);
+		if ($with_prefixes) {
+			$classnames = array_keys($this->_payment_method_types);
+			$payment_methods = array();
+			foreach ($classnames as $classname) {
+				$payment_methods[] = $this->payment_method_class_from_type($classname);
+			}
+			return $payment_methods;
+		}
+		return array_keys($this->_payment_method_types);
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Gets an object of each payment method type, none of which are bound to a
+	 * payment method instance
+	 *
+	 * @param boolean $force_recheck whether to force re-checking for new payment method types
+	 * @return EE_PMT_Base[]
+	 */
+	public function payment_method_types($force_recheck = false)
+	{
+		if ($force_recheck || empty($this->payment_method_objects)) {
+			$this->maybe_register_payment_methods($force_recheck);
+			foreach ($this->payment_method_type_names(true) as $classname) {
+				if (! isset($this->payment_method_objects[$classname])) {
+					$this->payment_method_objects[$classname] = new $classname;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		return $this->payment_method_objects;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Changes the payment method's class name into the payment method type's name
+	 * (as used on the payment method's table's PMD_type field)
+	 *
+	 * @param string $classname
+	 * @return string
+	 */
+	public function payment_method_type_sans_class_prefix($classname)
+	{
+		return str_replace('EE_PMT_', '', $classname);
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Does the opposite of payment-method_type_sans_prefix
+	 *
+	 * @param string $type
+	 * @return string
+	 */
+	public function payment_method_class_from_type($type)
+	{
+		return 'EE_PMT_' . $type;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Activates a payment method of the given type.
+	 *
+	 * @param string $payment_method_type the PMT_type; for EE_PMT_Invoice this would be 'Invoice'
+	 * @return EE_Payment_Method
+	 * @throws InvalidDataTypeException
+	 * @throws EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function activate_a_payment_method_of_type($payment_method_type)
+	{
+		$this->maybe_register_payment_methods();
+		$payment_method = EEM_Payment_Method::instance()->get_one_of_type($payment_method_type);
+		if (! $payment_method instanceof EE_Payment_Method) {
+			$pm_type_class = $this->payment_method_class_from_type($payment_method_type);
+			if (class_exists($pm_type_class)) {
+				/** @var $pm_type_obj EE_PMT_Base */
+				$pm_type_obj = new $pm_type_class;
+				$payment_method = EEM_Payment_Method::instance()->get_one_by_slug($pm_type_obj->system_name());
+				if (! $payment_method) {
+					$payment_method = $this->create_payment_method_of_type($pm_type_obj);
+				}
+				$payment_method->set_type($payment_method_type);
+				$this->initialize_payment_method($payment_method);
+			} else {
+				throw new EE_Error(
+					sprintf(
+						esc_html__(
+							'There is no payment method of type %1$s, so it could not be activated',
+							'event_espresso'
+						),
+						$pm_type_class
+					)
+				);
+			}
+		}
+		$payment_method->set_active();
+		$payment_method->save();
+		/** @type EE_Message_Resource_Manager $message_resource_manager */
+		//if this was the invoice message type, make sure users can view their invoices
+		if ($payment_method->type() === 'Invoice'
+			&& (
+				! EEH_MSG_Template::is_mt_active('invoice')
+			)
+		) {
+			$message_resource_manager = EE_Registry::instance()->load_lib('Message_Resource_Manager');
+			/** @type EE_Message_Resource_Manager $message_resource_manager */
+			$message_resource_manager->ensure_message_type_is_active('invoice', 'html');
+			new PersistentAdminNotice(
+				'invoice_pm_requirements_notice',
+				sprintf(
+					esc_html__(
+						'The Invoice payment method has been activated. It requires the %1$sinvoice message%2$s type to be active, so it was automatically activated for you.',
+						'event_espresso'
+					),
+					'<a href="' . admin_url('admin.php?page=espresso_messages&action=settings') . '">',
+					'</a>'
+				),
+				true
+			);
+		}
+		return $payment_method;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Creates a payment method of the specified type. Does not save it.
+	 *
+	 * @global WP_User    $current_user
+	 * @param EE_PMT_Base $pm_type_obj
+	 * @return EE_Payment_Method
+	 * @throws EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function create_payment_method_of_type($pm_type_obj)
+	{
+		global $current_user;
+		$payment_method = EE_Payment_Method::new_instance(
+			array(
+				'PMD_type'       => $pm_type_obj->system_name(),
+				'PMD_name'       => $pm_type_obj->pretty_name(),
+				'PMD_admin_name' => $pm_type_obj->pretty_name(),
+				'PMD_slug'       => $pm_type_obj->system_name(),//automatically converted to slug
+				'PMD_wp_user'    => $current_user->ID,
+				'PMD_order'      => EEM_Payment_Method::instance()->count(
+						array(array('PMD_type' => array('!=', 'Admin_Only')))
+					) * 10,
+			)
+		);
+		return $payment_method;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Sets the initial payment method properties (including extra meta)
+	 *
+	 * @param EE_Payment_Method $payment_method
+	 * @return EE_Payment_Method
+	 * @throws EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function initialize_payment_method($payment_method)
+	{
+		$pm_type_obj = $payment_method->type_obj();
+		$payment_method->set_description($pm_type_obj->default_description());
+		if (! $payment_method->button_url()) {
+			$payment_method->set_button_url($pm_type_obj->default_button_url());
+		}
+		//now add setup its default extra meta properties
+		$extra_metas = $pm_type_obj->settings_form()->extra_meta_inputs();
+		if (! empty($extra_metas)) {
+			//verify the payment method has an ID before adding extra meta
+			if (! $payment_method->ID()) {
+				$payment_method->save();
+			}
+			foreach ($extra_metas as $meta_name => $input) {
+				$payment_method->update_extra_meta($meta_name, $input->raw_value());
+			}
+		}
+		return $payment_method;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Makes sure the payment method is related to the specified payment method
+	 *
+	 * @deprecated in 4.9.40 because the currency payment method table is being deprecated
+	 * @param EE_Payment_Method $payment_method
+	 * @return EE_Payment_Method
+	 * @throws EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function set_usable_currencies_on_payment_method($payment_method)
+	{
+		EE_Error::doing_it_wrong(
+			'EE_Payment_Method_Manager::set_usable_currencies_on_payment_method',
+			esc_html__(
+				'We no longer define what currencies are usable by payment methods. Its not used nor efficient.',
+				'event_espresso'
+			),
+			'4.9.40'
+		);
+		return $payment_method;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Deactivates a payment method of the given payment method slug.
+	 *
+	 * @param string $payment_method_slug The slug for the payment method to deactivate.
+	 * @return int count of rows updated.
+	 * @throws EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function deactivate_payment_method($payment_method_slug)
+	{
+		EE_Log::instance()->log(
+			__FILE__,
+			__FUNCTION__,
+			sprintf(
+				esc_html__(
+					'Payment method with slug %1$s is being deactivated by site admin',
+					'event_espresso'
+				),
+				$payment_method_slug
+			),
+			'payment_method_change'
+		);
+		$count_updated = EEM_Payment_Method::instance()->update(
+			array('PMD_scope' => array()),
+			array(array('PMD_slug' => $payment_method_slug))
+		);
+		do_action(
+			'AHEE__EE_Payment_Method_Manager__deactivate_payment_method__after_deactivating_payment_method',
+			$payment_method_slug,
+			$count_updated
+		);
+		return $count_updated;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * initializes payment method access caps via EE_Capabilities::init_role_caps()
+	 * upon EE_Payment_Method_Manager construction
+	 *
+	 * @throws EE_Error
+	 * @throws DomainException
+	 */
+	protected function initializePaymentMethodCaps()
+	{
+		// don't do this twice
+		if ($this->payment_method_caps_initialized) {
+			return;
+		}
+		EE_Capabilities::instance()->addCaps(
+			$this->getPaymentMethodCaps()
+		);
+		$this->payment_method_caps_initialized = true;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * array  of dynamic payment method access caps.
+	 * at the time of writing, october 20 2014, these are the caps added:
+	 *  ee_payment_method_admin_only
+	 *  ee_payment_method_aim
+	 *  ee_payment_method_bank
+	 *  ee_payment_method_check
+	 *  ee_payment_method_invoice
+	 *  ee_payment_method_mijireh
+	 *  ee_payment_method_paypal_pro
+	 *  ee_payment_method_paypal_standard
+	 * Any other payment methods added to core or via addons will also get
+	 * their related capability automatically added too, so long as they are
+	 * registered properly using EE_Register_Payment_Method::register()
+	 *
+	 * @return array
+	 * @throws DomainException
+	 */
+	protected function getPaymentMethodCaps()
+	{
+		$caps = array();
+		foreach ($this->payment_method_type_names() as $payment_method_name) {
+			$caps = $this->addPaymentMethodCap($payment_method_name,$caps);
+		}
+		return $caps;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * @param string $payment_method_name
+	 * @param array  $payment_method_caps
+	 * @param string $role
+	 * @return array
+	 * @throws DomainException
+	 */
+	public function addPaymentMethodCap($payment_method_name, array $payment_method_caps, $role = 'administrator')
+	{
+		if (empty($payment_method_name)) {
+			throw new DomainException(
+				esc_html__(
+					'The name of a payment method must be specified to add capabilities.',
+					'event_espresso'
+				)
+			);
+		}
+		if (empty($role)) {
+			throw new DomainException(
+				sprintf(
+					esc_html__(
+						'No role was supplied while trying to add capabilities for the %1$s payment method.',
+						'event_espresso'
+					),
+					$payment_method_name
+				)
+			);
+		}
+		if(! isset($payment_method_caps[$role])) {
+			$payment_method_caps[$role] = array();
+		}
+		$payment_method_caps[$role][] = EE_Payment_Method_Manager::CAPABILITIES_PREFIX
+												  . strtolower($payment_method_name);
+		return $payment_method_caps;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * callback for FHEE__EE_Capabilities__init_role_caps__caps_map filter
+	 * to add dynamic payment method access caps when capabilities are reset
+	 * (or if that filter is called and PM caps are not already set)
+	 *
+	 * @param array $caps capabilities being filtered
+	 * @param bool  $reset
+	 * @return array
+	 * @throws DomainException
+	 */
+	public function addPaymentMethodCapsDuringReset(array $caps, $reset = false)
+	{
+		if ($reset || ! $this->payment_method_caps_initialized) {
+			$this->payment_method_caps_initialized = true;
+			$caps = array_merge_recursive($caps, $this->getPaymentMethodCaps());
+		}
+		return $caps;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * @deprecated 4.9.42
+	 * @param $caps
+	 * @return mixed
+	 */
+	public function add_payment_method_caps($caps)
+	{
+		return $caps;
+	}
 
 
 

espresso.php

Indentation +191 added lines, -191 removed lines

@@ -38,216 +38,216 @@
  * @since       4.0
  */
 if (function_exists('espresso_version')) {
-    if (! function_exists('espresso_duplicate_plugin_error')) {
-        /**
-         *    espresso_duplicate_plugin_error
-         *    displays if more than one version of EE is activated at the same time
-         */
-        function espresso_duplicate_plugin_error()
-        {
-            ?>
+	if (! function_exists('espresso_duplicate_plugin_error')) {
+		/**
+		 *    espresso_duplicate_plugin_error
+		 *    displays if more than one version of EE is activated at the same time
+		 */
+		function espresso_duplicate_plugin_error()
+		{
+			?>
             <div class="error">
                 <p>
                     <?php
-                    echo esc_html__(
-                        'Can not run multiple versions of Event Espresso! One version has been automatically deactivated. Please verify that you have the correct version you want still active.',
-                        'event_espresso'
-                    ); ?>
+					echo esc_html__(
+						'Can not run multiple versions of Event Espresso! One version has been automatically deactivated. Please verify that you have the correct version you want still active.',
+						'event_espresso'
+					); ?>
                 </p>
             </div>
             <?php
-            espresso_deactivate_plugin(plugin_basename(__FILE__));
-        }
-    }
-    add_action('admin_notices', 'espresso_duplicate_plugin_error', 1);
+			espresso_deactivate_plugin(plugin_basename(__FILE__));
+		}
+	}
+	add_action('admin_notices', 'espresso_duplicate_plugin_error', 1);
 
 } else {
-    define('EE_MIN_PHP_VER_REQUIRED', '5.3.9');
-    if (! version_compare(PHP_VERSION, EE_MIN_PHP_VER_REQUIRED, '>=')) {
-        /**
-         * espresso_minimum_php_version_error
-         * @return void
-         */
-        function espresso_minimum_php_version_error()
-        {
-            ?>
+	define('EE_MIN_PHP_VER_REQUIRED', '5.3.9');
+	if (! version_compare(PHP_VERSION, EE_MIN_PHP_VER_REQUIRED, '>=')) {
+		/**
+		 * espresso_minimum_php_version_error
+		 * @return void
+		 */
+		function espresso_minimum_php_version_error()
+		{
+			?>
             <div class="error">
                 <p>
                     <?php
-                    printf(
-                        esc_html__(
-                            'We\'re sorry, but Event Espresso requires PHP version %1$s or greater in order to operate. You are currently running version %2$s.%3$sIn order to update your version of PHP, you will need to contact your current hosting provider.%3$sFor information on stable PHP versions, please go to %4$s.',
-                            'event_espresso'
-                        ),
-                        EE_MIN_PHP_VER_REQUIRED,
-                        PHP_VERSION,
-                        '<br/>',
-                        '<a href="http://php.net/downloads.php">http://php.net/downloads.php</a>'
-                    );
-                    ?>
+					printf(
+						esc_html__(
+							'We\'re sorry, but Event Espresso requires PHP version %1$s or greater in order to operate. You are currently running version %2$s.%3$sIn order to update your version of PHP, you will need to contact your current hosting provider.%3$sFor information on stable PHP versions, please go to %4$s.',
+							'event_espresso'
+						),
+						EE_MIN_PHP_VER_REQUIRED,
+						PHP_VERSION,
+						'<br/>',
+						'<a href="http://php.net/downloads.php">http://php.net/downloads.php</a>'
+					);
+					?>
                 </p>
             </div>
             <?php
-            espresso_deactivate_plugin(plugin_basename(__FILE__));
-        }
+			espresso_deactivate_plugin(plugin_basename(__FILE__));
+		}
 
-        add_action('admin_notices', 'espresso_minimum_php_version_error', 1);
-    } else {
-        define('EVENT_ESPRESSO_MAIN_FILE', __FILE__);
-        /**
-         * espresso_version
-         * Returns the plugin version
-         *
-         * @return string
-         */
-        function espresso_version()
-        {
-            return apply_filters('FHEE__espresso__espresso_version', '4.9.57.rc.002');
-        }
+		add_action('admin_notices', 'espresso_minimum_php_version_error', 1);
+	} else {
+		define('EVENT_ESPRESSO_MAIN_FILE', __FILE__);
+		/**
+		 * espresso_version
+		 * Returns the plugin version
+		 *
+		 * @return string
+		 */
+		function espresso_version()
+		{
+			return apply_filters('FHEE__espresso__espresso_version', '4.9.57.rc.002');
+		}
 
-        /**
-         * espresso_plugin_activation
-         * adds a wp-option to indicate that EE has been activated via the WP admin plugins page
-         */
-        function espresso_plugin_activation()
-        {
-            update_option('ee_espresso_activation', true);
-        }
+		/**
+		 * espresso_plugin_activation
+		 * adds a wp-option to indicate that EE has been activated via the WP admin plugins page
+		 */
+		function espresso_plugin_activation()
+		{
+			update_option('ee_espresso_activation', true);
+		}
 
-        register_activation_hook(EVENT_ESPRESSO_MAIN_FILE, 'espresso_plugin_activation');
-        /**
-         *    espresso_load_error_handling
-         *    this function loads EE's class for handling exceptions and errors
-         */
-        function espresso_load_error_handling()
-        {
-            static $error_handling_loaded = false;
-            if ($error_handling_loaded) {
-                return;
-            }
-            // load debugging tools
-            if (WP_DEBUG === true && is_readable(EE_HELPERS . 'EEH_Debug_Tools.helper.php')) {
-                require_once   EE_HELPERS . 'EEH_Debug_Tools.helper.php';
-                \EEH_Debug_Tools::instance();
-            }
-            // load error handling
-            if (is_readable(EE_CORE . 'EE_Error.core.php')) {
-                require_once EE_CORE . 'EE_Error.core.php';
-            } else {
-                wp_die(esc_html__('The EE_Error core class could not be loaded.', 'event_espresso'));
-            }
-            $error_handling_loaded = true;
-        }
+		register_activation_hook(EVENT_ESPRESSO_MAIN_FILE, 'espresso_plugin_activation');
+		/**
+		 *    espresso_load_error_handling
+		 *    this function loads EE's class for handling exceptions and errors
+		 */
+		function espresso_load_error_handling()
+		{
+			static $error_handling_loaded = false;
+			if ($error_handling_loaded) {
+				return;
+			}
+			// load debugging tools
+			if (WP_DEBUG === true && is_readable(EE_HELPERS . 'EEH_Debug_Tools.helper.php')) {
+				require_once   EE_HELPERS . 'EEH_Debug_Tools.helper.php';
+				\EEH_Debug_Tools::instance();
+			}
+			// load error handling
+			if (is_readable(EE_CORE . 'EE_Error.core.php')) {
+				require_once EE_CORE . 'EE_Error.core.php';
+			} else {
+				wp_die(esc_html__('The EE_Error core class could not be loaded.', 'event_espresso'));
+			}
+			$error_handling_loaded = true;
+		}
 
-        /**
-         *    espresso_load_required
-         *    given a class name and path, this function will load that file or throw an exception
-         *
-         * @param    string $classname
-         * @param    string $full_path_to_file
-         * @throws    EE_Error
-         */
-        function espresso_load_required($classname, $full_path_to_file)
-        {
-            if (is_readable($full_path_to_file)) {
-                require_once $full_path_to_file;
-            } else {
-                throw new \EE_Error (
-                    sprintf(
-                        esc_html__(
-                            'The %s class file could not be located or is not readable due to file permissions.',
-                            'event_espresso'
-                        ),
-                        $classname
-                    )
-                );
-            }
-        }
+		/**
+		 *    espresso_load_required
+		 *    given a class name and path, this function will load that file or throw an exception
+		 *
+		 * @param    string $classname
+		 * @param    string $full_path_to_file
+		 * @throws    EE_Error
+		 */
+		function espresso_load_required($classname, $full_path_to_file)
+		{
+			if (is_readable($full_path_to_file)) {
+				require_once $full_path_to_file;
+			} else {
+				throw new \EE_Error (
+					sprintf(
+						esc_html__(
+							'The %s class file could not be located or is not readable due to file permissions.',
+							'event_espresso'
+						),
+						$classname
+					)
+				);
+			}
+		}
 
-        /**
-         * @since 4.9.27
-         * @throws \EE_Error
-         * @throws \EventEspresso\core\exceptions\InvalidInterfaceException
-         * @throws \EventEspresso\core\exceptions\InvalidEntityException
-         * @throws \EventEspresso\core\exceptions\InvalidIdentifierException
-         * @throws \EventEspresso\core\exceptions\InvalidClassException
-         * @throws \EventEspresso\core\exceptions\InvalidDataTypeException
-         * @throws \EventEspresso\core\services\container\exceptions\ServiceExistsException
-         * @throws \EventEspresso\core\services\container\exceptions\ServiceNotFoundException
-         * @throws \OutOfBoundsException
-         */
-        function bootstrap_espresso()
-        {
-            require_once __DIR__ . '/core/espresso_definitions.php';
-            try {
-                espresso_load_error_handling();
-                espresso_load_required(
-                    'EEH_Base',
-                    EE_CORE . 'helpers' . DS . 'EEH_Base.helper.php'
-                );
-                espresso_load_required(
-                    'EEH_File',
-                    EE_CORE . 'interfaces' . DS . 'EEHI_File.interface.php'
-                );
-                espresso_load_required(
-                    'EEH_File',
-                    EE_CORE . 'helpers' . DS . 'EEH_File.helper.php'
-                );
-                espresso_load_required(
-                    'EEH_Array',
-                    EE_CORE . 'helpers' . DS . 'EEH_Array.helper.php'
-                );
-                // instantiate and configure PSR4 autoloader
-                espresso_load_required(
-                    'Psr4Autoloader',
-                    EE_CORE . 'Psr4Autoloader.php'
-                );
-                espresso_load_required(
-                    'EE_Psr4AutoloaderInit',
-                    EE_CORE . 'EE_Psr4AutoloaderInit.core.php'
-                );
-                $AutoloaderInit = new EE_Psr4AutoloaderInit();
-                $AutoloaderInit->initializeAutoloader();
-                espresso_load_required(
-                    'EE_Request',
-                    EE_CORE . 'request_stack' . DS . 'EE_Request.core.php'
-                );
-                espresso_load_required(
-                    'EE_Response',
-                    EE_CORE . 'request_stack' . DS . 'EE_Response.core.php'
-                );
-                espresso_load_required(
-                    'EE_Bootstrap',
-                    EE_CORE . 'EE_Bootstrap.core.php'
-                );
-                // bootstrap EE and the request stack
-                new EE_Bootstrap(
-                    new EE_Request($_GET, $_POST, $_COOKIE),
-                    new EE_Response()
-                );
-            } catch (Exception $e) {
-                require_once EE_CORE . 'exceptions' . DS . 'ExceptionStackTraceDisplay.php';
-                new EventEspresso\core\exceptions\ExceptionStackTraceDisplay($e);
-            }
-        }
-        bootstrap_espresso();
-    }
+		/**
+		 * @since 4.9.27
+		 * @throws \EE_Error
+		 * @throws \EventEspresso\core\exceptions\InvalidInterfaceException
+		 * @throws \EventEspresso\core\exceptions\InvalidEntityException
+		 * @throws \EventEspresso\core\exceptions\InvalidIdentifierException
+		 * @throws \EventEspresso\core\exceptions\InvalidClassException
+		 * @throws \EventEspresso\core\exceptions\InvalidDataTypeException
+		 * @throws \EventEspresso\core\services\container\exceptions\ServiceExistsException
+		 * @throws \EventEspresso\core\services\container\exceptions\ServiceNotFoundException
+		 * @throws \OutOfBoundsException
+		 */
+		function bootstrap_espresso()
+		{
+			require_once __DIR__ . '/core/espresso_definitions.php';
+			try {
+				espresso_load_error_handling();
+				espresso_load_required(
+					'EEH_Base',
+					EE_CORE . 'helpers' . DS . 'EEH_Base.helper.php'
+				);
+				espresso_load_required(
+					'EEH_File',
+					EE_CORE . 'interfaces' . DS . 'EEHI_File.interface.php'
+				);
+				espresso_load_required(
+					'EEH_File',
+					EE_CORE . 'helpers' . DS . 'EEH_File.helper.php'
+				);
+				espresso_load_required(
+					'EEH_Array',
+					EE_CORE . 'helpers' . DS . 'EEH_Array.helper.php'
+				);
+				// instantiate and configure PSR4 autoloader
+				espresso_load_required(
+					'Psr4Autoloader',
+					EE_CORE . 'Psr4Autoloader.php'
+				);
+				espresso_load_required(
+					'EE_Psr4AutoloaderInit',
+					EE_CORE . 'EE_Psr4AutoloaderInit.core.php'
+				);
+				$AutoloaderInit = new EE_Psr4AutoloaderInit();
+				$AutoloaderInit->initializeAutoloader();
+				espresso_load_required(
+					'EE_Request',
+					EE_CORE . 'request_stack' . DS . 'EE_Request.core.php'
+				);
+				espresso_load_required(
+					'EE_Response',
+					EE_CORE . 'request_stack' . DS . 'EE_Response.core.php'
+				);
+				espresso_load_required(
+					'EE_Bootstrap',
+					EE_CORE . 'EE_Bootstrap.core.php'
+				);
+				// bootstrap EE and the request stack
+				new EE_Bootstrap(
+					new EE_Request($_GET, $_POST, $_COOKIE),
+					new EE_Response()
+				);
+			} catch (Exception $e) {
+				require_once EE_CORE . 'exceptions' . DS . 'ExceptionStackTraceDisplay.php';
+				new EventEspresso\core\exceptions\ExceptionStackTraceDisplay($e);
+			}
+		}
+		bootstrap_espresso();
+	}
 }
 if (! function_exists('espresso_deactivate_plugin')) {
-    /**
-     *    deactivate_plugin
-     * usage:  espresso_deactivate_plugin( plugin_basename( __FILE__ ));
-     *
-     * @access public
-     * @param string $plugin_basename - the results of plugin_basename( __FILE__ ) for the plugin's main file
-     * @return    void
-     */
-    function espresso_deactivate_plugin($plugin_basename = '')
-    {
-        if (! function_exists('deactivate_plugins')) {
-            require_once ABSPATH . 'wp-admin/includes/plugin.php';
-        }
-        unset($_GET['activate'], $_REQUEST['activate']);
-        deactivate_plugins($plugin_basename);
-    }
+	/**
+	 *    deactivate_plugin
+	 * usage:  espresso_deactivate_plugin( plugin_basename( __FILE__ ));
+	 *
+	 * @access public
+	 * @param string $plugin_basename - the results of plugin_basename( __FILE__ ) for the plugin's main file
+	 * @return    void
+	 */
+	function espresso_deactivate_plugin($plugin_basename = '')
+	{
+		if (! function_exists('deactivate_plugins')) {
+			require_once ABSPATH . 'wp-admin/includes/plugin.php';
+		}
+		unset($_GET['activate'], $_REQUEST['activate']);
+		deactivate_plugins($plugin_basename);
+	}
 }

core/db_classes/EE_Base_Class.class.php

Indentation +2766 added lines, -2766 removed lines

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ 
 <?php if ( ! defined('EVENT_ESPRESSO_VERSION')) {
-    exit('No direct script access allowed');
+	exit('No direct script access allowed');
 }
 do_action('AHEE_log', __FILE__, ' FILE LOADED', '');
 
@@ -25,2771 +25,2771 @@ 
 abstract class EE_Base_Class
 {
 
-    /**
-     * This is an array of the original properties and values provided during construction
-     * of this model object. (keys are model field names, values are their values).
-     * This list is important to remember so that when we are merging data from the db, we know
-     * which values to override and which to not override.
-     *
-     * @var array
-     */
-    protected $_props_n_values_provided_in_constructor;
-
-    /**
-     * Timezone
-     * This gets set by the "set_timezone()" method so that we know what timezone incoming strings|timestamps are in.
-     * This can also be used before a get to set what timezone you want strings coming out of the object to be in.  NOT
-     * all EE_Base_Class child classes use this property but any that use a EE_Datetime_Field data type will have
-     * access to it.
-     *
-     * @var string
-     */
-    protected $_timezone;
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * date format
-     * pattern or format for displaying dates
-     *
-     * @var string $_dt_frmt
-     */
-    protected $_dt_frmt;
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * time format
-     * pattern or format for displaying time
-     *
-     * @var string $_tm_frmt
-     */
-    protected $_tm_frmt;
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * This property is for holding a cached array of object properties indexed by property name as the key.
-     * The purpose of this is for setting a cache on properties that may have calculated values after a
-     * prepare_for_get.  That way the cache can be checked first and the calculated property returned instead of having
-     * to recalculate. Used by _set_cached_property() and _get_cached_property() methods.
-     *
-     * @var array
-     */
-    protected $_cached_properties = array();
-
-    /**
-     * An array containing keys of the related model, and values are either an array of related mode objects or a
-     * single
-     * related model object. see the model's _model_relations. The keys should match those specified. And if the
-     * relation is of type EE_Belongs_To (or one of its children), then there should only be ONE related model object,
-     * all others have an array)
-     *
-     * @var array
-     */
-    protected $_model_relations = array();
-
-    /**
-     * Array where keys are field names (see the model's _fields property) and values are their values. To see what
-     * their types should be, look at what that field object returns on its prepare_for_get and prepare_for_set methods)
-     *
-     * @var array
-     */
-    protected $_fields = array();
-
-    /**
-     * @var boolean indicating whether or not this model object is intended to ever be saved
-     * For example, we might create model objects intended to only be used for the duration
-     * of this request and to be thrown away, and if they were accidentally saved
-     * it would be a bug.
-     */
-    protected $_allow_persist = true;
-
-    /**
-     * @var boolean indicating whether or not this model object's properties have changed since construction
-     */
-    protected $_has_changes = false;
-
-    /**
-     * @var EEM_Base
-     */
-    protected $_model;
-
-
-    /**
-     * This is a cache of results from custom selections done on a query that constructs this entity. The only purpose
-     * for these values is for retrieval of the results, they are not further queryable and they are not persisted to
-     * the db.  They also do not automatically update if there are any changes to the data that produced their results.
-     * The format is a simple array of field_alias => field_value.  So for instance if a custom select was something
-     * like,  "Select COUNT(Registration.REG_ID) as Registration_Count ...", then the resulting value will be in this
-     * array as:
-     * array(
-     *  'Registration_Count' => 24
-     * );
-     * Note: if the custom select configuration for the query included a data type, the value will be in the data type
-     * provided for the query (@see EventEspresso\core\domain\values\model\CustomSelects::__construct phpdocs for more
-     * info)
-     *
-     * @var array
-     */
-    protected $custom_selection_results = array();
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * basic constructor for Event Espresso classes, performs any necessary initialization, and verifies it's children
-     * play nice
-     *
-     * @param array   $fieldValues                             where each key is a field (ie, array key in the 2nd
-     *                                                         layer of the model's _fields array, (eg, EVT_ID,
-     *                                                         TXN_amount, QST_name, etc) and values are their values
-     * @param boolean $bydb                                    a flag for setting if the class is instantiated by the
-     *                                                         corresponding db model or not.
-     * @param string  $timezone                                indicate what timezone you want any datetime fields to
-     *                                                         be in when instantiating a EE_Base_Class object.
-     * @param array   $date_formats                            An array of date formats to set on construct where first
-     *                                                         value is the date_format and second value is the time
-     *                                                         format.
-     * @throws EE_Error
-     */
-    protected function __construct($fieldValues = array(), $bydb = false, $timezone = '', $date_formats = array())
-    {
-        $className = get_class($this);
-        do_action("AHEE__{$className}__construct", $this, $fieldValues);
-        $model = $this->get_model();
-        $model_fields = $model->field_settings(false);
-        // ensure $fieldValues is an array
-        $fieldValues = is_array($fieldValues) ? $fieldValues : array($fieldValues);
-        // EEH_Debug_Tools::printr( $fieldValues, '$fieldValues  <br /><span style="font-size:10px;font-weight:normal;">' . __FILE__ . '<br />line no: ' . __LINE__ . '</span>', 'auto' );
-        // verify client code has not passed any invalid field names
-        foreach ($fieldValues as $field_name => $field_value) {
-            if ( ! isset($model_fields[$field_name])) {
-                throw new EE_Error(sprintf(__("Invalid field (%s) passed to constructor of %s. Allowed fields are :%s",
-                    "event_espresso"), $field_name, get_class($this), implode(", ", array_keys($model_fields))));
-            }
-        }
-        // EEH_Debug_Tools::printr( $model_fields, '$model_fields  <br /><span style="font-size:10px;font-weight:normal;">' . __FILE__ . '<br />line no: ' . __LINE__ . '</span>', 'auto' );
-        $this->_timezone = EEH_DTT_Helper::get_valid_timezone_string($timezone);
-        if ( ! empty($date_formats) && is_array($date_formats)) {
-            list($this->_dt_frmt, $this->_tm_frmt) = $date_formats;
-        } else {
-            //set default formats for date and time
-            $this->_dt_frmt = (string)get_option('date_format', 'Y-m-d');
-            $this->_tm_frmt = (string)get_option('time_format', 'g:i a');
-        }
-        //if db model is instantiating
-        if ($bydb) {
-            //client code has indicated these field values are from the database
-            foreach ($model_fields as $fieldName => $field) {
-                $this->set_from_db($fieldName, isset($fieldValues[$fieldName]) ? $fieldValues[$fieldName] : null);
-            }
-        } else {
-            //we're constructing a brand
-            //new instance of the model object. Generally, this means we'll need to do more field validation
-            foreach ($model_fields as $fieldName => $field) {
-                $this->set($fieldName, isset($fieldValues[$fieldName]) ? $fieldValues[$fieldName] : null, true);
-            }
-        }
-        //remember what values were passed to this constructor
-        $this->_props_n_values_provided_in_constructor = $fieldValues;
-        //remember in entity mapper
-        if ( ! $bydb && $model->has_primary_key_field() && $this->ID()) {
-            $model->add_to_entity_map($this);
-        }
-        //setup all the relations
-        foreach ($model->relation_settings() as $relation_name => $relation_obj) {
-            if ($relation_obj instanceof EE_Belongs_To_Relation) {
-                $this->_model_relations[$relation_name] = null;
-            } else {
-                $this->_model_relations[$relation_name] = array();
-            }
-        }
-        /**
-         * Action done at the end of each model object construction
-         *
-         * @param EE_Base_Class $this the model object just created
-         */
-        do_action('AHEE__EE_Base_Class__construct__finished', $this);
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Gets whether or not this model object is allowed to persist/be saved to the database.
-     *
-     * @return boolean
-     */
-    public function allow_persist()
-    {
-        return $this->_allow_persist;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Sets whether or not this model object should be allowed to be saved to the DB.
-     * Normally once this is set to FALSE you wouldn't set it back to TRUE, unless
-     * you got new information that somehow made you change your mind.
-     *
-     * @param boolean $allow_persist
-     * @return boolean
-     */
-    public function set_allow_persist($allow_persist)
-    {
-        return $this->_allow_persist = $allow_persist;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Gets the field's original value when this object was constructed during this request.
-     * This can be helpful when determining if a model object has changed or not
-     *
-     * @param string $field_name
-     * @return mixed|null
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    public function get_original($field_name)
-    {
-        if (isset($this->_props_n_values_provided_in_constructor[$field_name])
-            && $field_settings = $this->get_model()->field_settings_for($field_name)
-        ) {
-            return $field_settings->prepare_for_get($this->_props_n_values_provided_in_constructor[$field_name]);
-        } else {
-            return null;
-        }
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * @param EE_Base_Class $obj
-     * @return string
-     */
-    public function get_class($obj)
-    {
-        return get_class($obj);
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Overrides parent because parent expects old models.
-     * This also doesn't do any validation, and won't work for serialized arrays
-     *
-     * @param    string $field_name
-     * @param    mixed  $field_value
-     * @param bool      $use_default
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    public function set($field_name, $field_value, $use_default = false)
-    {
-        // if not using default and nothing has changed, and object has already been setup (has ID),
-        // then don't do anything
-        if (
-            ! $use_default
-            && $this->_fields[$field_name] === $field_value
-            && $this->ID()
-        ) {
-            return;
-        }
-        $model = $this->get_model();
-        $this->_has_changes = true;
-        $field_obj = $model->field_settings_for($field_name);
-        if ($field_obj instanceof EE_Model_Field_Base) {
-            //			if ( method_exists( $field_obj, 'set_timezone' )) {
-            if ($field_obj instanceof EE_Datetime_Field) {
-                $field_obj->set_timezone($this->_timezone);
-                $field_obj->set_date_format($this->_dt_frmt);
-                $field_obj->set_time_format($this->_tm_frmt);
-            }
-            $holder_of_value = $field_obj->prepare_for_set($field_value);
-            //should the value be null?
-            if (($field_value === null || $holder_of_value === null || $holder_of_value === '') && $use_default) {
-                $this->_fields[$field_name] = $field_obj->get_default_value();
-                /**
-                 * To save having to refactor all the models, if a default value is used for a
-                 * EE_Datetime_Field, and that value is not null nor is it a DateTime
-                 * object.  Then let's do a set again to ensure that it becomes a DateTime
-                 * object.
-                 *
-                 * @since 4.6.10+
-                 */
-                if (
-                    $field_obj instanceof EE_Datetime_Field
-                    && $this->_fields[$field_name] !== null
-                    && ! $this->_fields[$field_name] instanceof DateTime
-                ) {
-                    empty($this->_fields[$field_name])
-                        ? $this->set($field_name, time())
-                        : $this->set($field_name, $this->_fields[$field_name]);
-                }
-            } else {
-                $this->_fields[$field_name] = $holder_of_value;
-            }
-            //if we're not in the constructor...
-            //now check if what we set was a primary key
-            if (
-                //note: props_n_values_provided_in_constructor is only set at the END of the constructor
-                $this->_props_n_values_provided_in_constructor
-                && $field_value
-                && $field_name === $model->primary_key_name()
-            ) {
-                //if so, we want all this object's fields to be filled either with
-                //what we've explicitly set on this model
-                //or what we have in the db
-                // echo "setting primary key!";
-                $fields_on_model = self::_get_model(get_class($this))->field_settings();
-                $obj_in_db = self::_get_model(get_class($this))->get_one_by_ID($field_value);
-                foreach ($fields_on_model as $field_obj) {
-                    if ( ! array_key_exists($field_obj->get_name(), $this->_props_n_values_provided_in_constructor)
-                         && $field_obj->get_name() !== $field_name
-                    ) {
-                        $this->set($field_obj->get_name(), $obj_in_db->get($field_obj->get_name()));
-                    }
-                }
-                //oh this model object has an ID? well make sure its in the entity mapper
-                $model->add_to_entity_map($this);
-            }
-            //let's unset any cache for this field_name from the $_cached_properties property.
-            $this->_clear_cached_property($field_name);
-        } else {
-            throw new EE_Error(sprintf(__("A valid EE_Model_Field_Base could not be found for the given field name: %s",
-                "event_espresso"), $field_name));
-        }
-    }
-
-
-    /**
-     * Set custom select values for model.
-     * @param array $custom_select_values
-     */
-    public function setCustomSelectsValues(array $custom_select_values)
-    {
-        $this->custom_selection_results = $custom_select_values;
-    }
-
-
-    /**
-     * Returns the custom select value for the provided alias if its set.
-     * If not set, returns null.
-     * @param string $alias
-     * @return string|int|float|null
-     */
-    public function getCustomSelect($alias)
-    {
-        return isset($this->custom_selection_results[$alias])
-            ? $this->custom_selection_results[$alias]
-            : null;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * This sets the field value on the db column if it exists for the given $column_name or
-     * saves it to EE_Extra_Meta if the given $column_name does not match a db column.
-     *
-     * @see EE_message::get_column_value for related documentation on the necessity of this method.
-     * @param string $field_name  Must be the exact column name.
-     * @param mixed  $field_value The value to set.
-     * @return int|bool @see EE_Base_Class::update_extra_meta() for return docs.
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    public function set_field_or_extra_meta($field_name, $field_value)
-    {
-        if ($this->get_model()->has_field($field_name)) {
-            $this->set($field_name, $field_value);
-            return true;
-        } else {
-            //ensure this object is saved first so that extra meta can be properly related.
-            $this->save();
-            return $this->update_extra_meta($field_name, $field_value);
-        }
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * This retrieves the value of the db column set on this class or if that's not present
-     * it will attempt to retrieve from extra_meta if found.
-     * Example Usage:
-     * Via EE_Message child class:
-     * Due to the dynamic nature of the EE_messages system, EE_messengers will always have a "to",
-     * "from", "subject", and "content" field (as represented in the EE_Message schema), however they may
-     * also have additional main fields specific to the messenger.  The system accommodates those extra
-     * fields through the EE_Extra_Meta table.  This method allows for EE_messengers to retrieve the
-     * value for those extra fields dynamically via the EE_message object.
-     *
-     * @param  string $field_name expecting the fully qualified field name.
-     * @return mixed|null  value for the field if found.  null if not found.
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    public function get_field_or_extra_meta($field_name)
-    {
-        if ($this->get_model()->has_field($field_name)) {
-            $column_value = $this->get($field_name);
-        } else {
-            //This isn't a column in the main table, let's see if it is in the extra meta.
-            $column_value = $this->get_extra_meta($field_name, true, null);
-        }
-        return $column_value;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * See $_timezone property for description of what the timezone property is for.  This SETS the timezone internally
-     * for being able to reference what timezone we are running conversions on when converting TO the internal timezone
-     * (UTC Unix Timestamp) for the object OR when converting FROM the internal timezone (UTC Unix Timestamp). This is
-     * available to all child classes that may be using the EE_Datetime_Field for a field data type.
-     *
-     * @access public
-     * @param string $timezone A valid timezone string as described by @link http://www.php.net/manual/en/timezones.php
-     * @return void
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    public function set_timezone($timezone = '')
-    {
-        $this->_timezone = EEH_DTT_Helper::get_valid_timezone_string($timezone);
-        //make sure we clear all cached properties because they won't be relevant now
-        $this->_clear_cached_properties();
-        //make sure we update field settings and the date for all EE_Datetime_Fields
-        $model_fields = $this->get_model()->field_settings(false);
-        foreach ($model_fields as $field_name => $field_obj) {
-            if ($field_obj instanceof EE_Datetime_Field) {
-                $field_obj->set_timezone($this->_timezone);
-                if (isset($this->_fields[$field_name]) && $this->_fields[$field_name] instanceof DateTime) {
-                    $this->_fields[$field_name]->setTimezone(new DateTimeZone($this->_timezone));
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * This just returns whatever is set for the current timezone.
-     *
-     * @access public
-     * @return string timezone string
-     */
-    public function get_timezone()
-    {
-        return $this->_timezone;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * This sets the internal date format to what is sent in to be used as the new default for the class
-     * internally instead of wp set date format options
-     *
-     * @since 4.6
-     * @param string $format should be a format recognizable by PHP date() functions.
-     */
-    public function set_date_format($format)
-    {
-        $this->_dt_frmt = $format;
-        //clear cached_properties because they won't be relevant now.
-        $this->_clear_cached_properties();
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * This sets the internal time format string to what is sent in to be used as the new default for the
-     * class internally instead of wp set time format options.
-     *
-     * @since 4.6
-     * @param string $format should be a format recognizable by PHP date() functions.
-     */
-    public function set_time_format($format)
-    {
-        $this->_tm_frmt = $format;
-        //clear cached_properties because they won't be relevant now.
-        $this->_clear_cached_properties();
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * This returns the current internal set format for the date and time formats.
-     *
-     * @param bool $full           if true (default), then return the full format.  Otherwise will return an array
-     *                             where the first value is the date format and the second value is the time format.
-     * @return mixed string|array
-     */
-    public function get_format($full = true)
-    {
-        return $full ? $this->_dt_frmt . ' ' . $this->_tm_frmt : array($this->_dt_frmt, $this->_tm_frmt);
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * cache
-     * stores the passed model object on the current model object.
-     * In certain circumstances, we can use this cached model object instead of querying for another one entirely.
-     *
-     * @param string        $relationName    one of the keys in the _model_relations array on the model. Eg
-     *                                       'Registration' associated with this model object
-     * @param EE_Base_Class $object_to_cache that has a relation to this model object. (Eg, if this is a Transaction,
-     *                                       that could be a payment or a registration)
-     * @param null          $cache_id        a string or number that will be used as the key for any Belongs_To_Many
-     *                                       items which will be stored in an array on this object
-     * @throws EE_Error
-     * @return mixed    index into cache, or just TRUE if the relation is of type Belongs_To (because there's only one
-     *                  related thing, no array)
-     */
-    public function cache($relationName = '', $object_to_cache = null, $cache_id = null)
-    {
-        // its entirely possible that there IS no related object yet in which case there is nothing to cache.
-        if ( ! $object_to_cache instanceof EE_Base_Class) {
-            return false;
-        }
-        // also get "how" the object is related, or throw an error
-        if ( ! $relationship_to_model = $this->get_model()->related_settings_for($relationName)) {
-            throw new EE_Error(sprintf(__('There is no relationship to %s on a %s. Cannot cache it', 'event_espresso'),
-                $relationName, get_class($this)));
-        }
-        // how many things are related ?
-        if ($relationship_to_model instanceof EE_Belongs_To_Relation) {
-            // if it's a "belongs to" relationship, then there's only one related model object  eg, if this is a registration, there's only 1 attendee for it
-            // so for these model objects just set it to be cached
-            $this->_model_relations[$relationName] = $object_to_cache;
-            $return = true;
-        } else {
-            // otherwise, this is the "many" side of a one to many relationship, so we'll add the object to the array of related objects for that type.
-            // eg: if this is an event, there are many registrations for that event, so we cache the registrations in an array
-            if ( ! is_array($this->_model_relations[$relationName])) {
-                // if for some reason, the cached item is a model object, then stick that in the array, otherwise start with an empty array
-                $this->_model_relations[$relationName] = $this->_model_relations[$relationName] instanceof EE_Base_Class
-                    ? array($this->_model_relations[$relationName]) : array();
-            }
-            // first check for a cache_id which is normally empty
-            if ( ! empty($cache_id)) {
-                // if the cache_id exists, then it means we are purposely trying to cache this with a known key that can then be used to retrieve the object later on
-                $this->_model_relations[$relationName][$cache_id] = $object_to_cache;
-                $return = $cache_id;
-            } elseif ($object_to_cache->ID()) {
-                // OR the cached object originally came from the db, so let's just use it's PK for an ID
-                $this->_model_relations[$relationName][$object_to_cache->ID()] = $object_to_cache;
-                $return = $object_to_cache->ID();
-            } else {
-                // OR it's a new object with no ID, so just throw it in the array with an auto-incremented ID
-                $this->_model_relations[$relationName][] = $object_to_cache;
-                // move the internal pointer to the end of the array
-                end($this->_model_relations[$relationName]);
-                // and grab the key so that we can return it
-                $return = key($this->_model_relations[$relationName]);
-            }
-        }
-        return $return;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * For adding an item to the cached_properties property.
-     *
-     * @access protected
-     * @param string      $fieldname the property item the corresponding value is for.
-     * @param mixed       $value     The value we are caching.
-     * @param string|null $cache_type
-     * @return void
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    protected function _set_cached_property($fieldname, $value, $cache_type = null)
-    {
-        //first make sure this property exists
-        $this->get_model()->field_settings_for($fieldname);
-        $cache_type = empty($cache_type) ? 'standard' : $cache_type;
-        $this->_cached_properties[$fieldname][$cache_type] = $value;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * This returns the value cached property if it exists OR the actual property value if the cache doesn't exist.
-     * This also SETS the cache if we return the actual property!
-     *
-     * @param string $fieldname        the name of the property we're trying to retrieve
-     * @param bool   $pretty
-     * @param string $extra_cache_ref  This allows the user to specify an extra cache ref for the given property
-     *                                 (in cases where the same property may be used for different outputs
-     *                                 - i.e. datetime, money etc.)
-     *                                 It can also accept certain pre-defined "schema" strings
-     *                                 to define how to output the property.
-     *                                 see the field's prepare_for_pretty_echoing for what strings can be used
-     * @return mixed                   whatever the value for the property is we're retrieving
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    protected function _get_cached_property($fieldname, $pretty = false, $extra_cache_ref = null)
-    {
-        //verify the field exists
-        $model = $this->get_model();
-        $model->field_settings_for($fieldname);
-        $cache_type = $pretty ? 'pretty' : 'standard';
-        $cache_type .= ! empty($extra_cache_ref) ? '_' . $extra_cache_ref : '';
-        if (isset($this->_cached_properties[$fieldname][$cache_type])) {
-            return $this->_cached_properties[$fieldname][$cache_type];
-        }
-        $value = $this->_get_fresh_property($fieldname, $pretty, $extra_cache_ref);
-        $this->_set_cached_property($fieldname, $value, $cache_type);
-        return $value;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * If the cache didn't fetch the needed item, this fetches it.
-     * @param string $fieldname
-     * @param bool $pretty
-     * @param string $extra_cache_ref
-     * @return mixed
-     */
-    protected function _get_fresh_property($fieldname, $pretty = false, $extra_cache_ref = null)
-    {
-        $field_obj = $this->get_model()->field_settings_for($fieldname);
-        // If this is an EE_Datetime_Field we need to make sure timezone, formats, and output are correct
-        if ($field_obj instanceof EE_Datetime_Field) {
-            $this->_prepare_datetime_field($field_obj, $pretty, $extra_cache_ref);
-        }
-        if ( ! isset($this->_fields[$fieldname])) {
-            $this->_fields[$fieldname] = null;
-        }
-        $value = $pretty
-            ? $field_obj->prepare_for_pretty_echoing($this->_fields[$fieldname], $extra_cache_ref)
-            : $field_obj->prepare_for_get($this->_fields[$fieldname]);
-        return $value;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * set timezone, formats, and output for EE_Datetime_Field objects
-     *
-     * @param \EE_Datetime_Field $datetime_field
-     * @param bool               $pretty
-     * @param null $date_or_time
-     * @return void
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    protected function _prepare_datetime_field(
-        EE_Datetime_Field $datetime_field,
-        $pretty = false,
-        $date_or_time = null
-    ) {
-        $datetime_field->set_timezone($this->_timezone);
-        $datetime_field->set_date_format($this->_dt_frmt, $pretty);
-        $datetime_field->set_time_format($this->_tm_frmt, $pretty);
-        //set the output returned
-        switch ($date_or_time) {
-            case 'D' :
-                $datetime_field->set_date_time_output('date');
-                break;
-            case 'T' :
-                $datetime_field->set_date_time_output('time');
-                break;
-            default :
-                $datetime_field->set_date_time_output();
-        }
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * This just takes care of clearing out the cached_properties
-     *
-     * @return void
-     */
-    protected function _clear_cached_properties()
-    {
-        $this->_cached_properties = array();
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * This just clears out ONE property if it exists in the cache
-     *
-     * @param  string $property_name the property to remove if it exists (from the _cached_properties array)
-     * @return void
-     */
-    protected function _clear_cached_property($property_name)
-    {
-        if (isset($this->_cached_properties[$property_name])) {
-            unset($this->_cached_properties[$property_name]);
-        }
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Ensures that this related thing is a model object.
-     *
-     * @param mixed  $object_or_id EE_base_Class/int/string either a related model object, or its ID
-     * @param string $model_name   name of the related thing, eg 'Attendee',
-     * @return EE_Base_Class
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    protected function ensure_related_thing_is_model_obj($object_or_id, $model_name)
-    {
-        $other_model_instance = self::_get_model_instance_with_name(
-            self::_get_model_classname($model_name),
-            $this->_timezone
-        );
-        return $other_model_instance->ensure_is_obj($object_or_id);
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Forgets the cached model of the given relation Name. So the next time we request it,
-     * we will fetch it again from the database. (Handy if you know it's changed somehow).
-     * If a specific object is supplied, and the relationship to it is either a HasMany or HABTM,
-     * then only remove that one object from our cached array. Otherwise, clear the entire list
-     *
-     * @param string $relationName                         one of the keys in the _model_relations array on the model.
-     *                                                     Eg 'Registration'
-     * @param mixed  $object_to_remove_or_index_into_array or an index into the array of cached things, or NULL
-     *                                                     if you intend to use $clear_all = TRUE, or the relation only
-     *                                                     has 1 object anyways (ie, it's a BelongsToRelation)
-     * @param bool   $clear_all                            This flags clearing the entire cache relation property if
-     *                                                     this is HasMany or HABTM.
-     * @throws EE_Error
-     * @return EE_Base_Class | boolean from which was cleared from the cache, or true if we requested to remove a
-     *                       relation from all
-     */
-    public function clear_cache($relationName, $object_to_remove_or_index_into_array = null, $clear_all = false)
-    {
-        $relationship_to_model = $this->get_model()->related_settings_for($relationName);
-        $index_in_cache = '';
-        if ( ! $relationship_to_model) {
-            throw new EE_Error(
-                sprintf(
-                    __("There is no relationship to %s on a %s. Cannot clear that cache", 'event_espresso'),
-                    $relationName,
-                    get_class($this)
-                )
-            );
-        }
-        if ($clear_all) {
-            $obj_removed = true;
-            $this->_model_relations[$relationName] = null;
-        } elseif ($relationship_to_model instanceof EE_Belongs_To_Relation) {
-            $obj_removed = $this->_model_relations[$relationName];
-            $this->_model_relations[$relationName] = null;
-        } else {
-            if ($object_to_remove_or_index_into_array instanceof EE_Base_Class
-                && $object_to_remove_or_index_into_array->ID()
-            ) {
-                $index_in_cache = $object_to_remove_or_index_into_array->ID();
-                if (is_array($this->_model_relations[$relationName])
-                    && ! isset($this->_model_relations[$relationName][$index_in_cache])
-                ) {
-                    $index_found_at = null;
-                    //find this object in the array even though it has a different key
-                    foreach ($this->_model_relations[$relationName] as $index => $obj) {
-                        if (
-                            $obj instanceof EE_Base_Class
-                            && (
-                                $obj == $object_to_remove_or_index_into_array
-                                || $obj->ID() === $object_to_remove_or_index_into_array->ID()
-                            )
-                        ) {
-                            $index_found_at = $index;
-                            break;
-                        }
-                    }
-                    if ($index_found_at) {
-                        $index_in_cache = $index_found_at;
-                    } else {
-                        //it wasn't found. huh. well obviously it doesn't need to be removed from teh cache
-                        //if it wasn't in it to begin with. So we're done
-                        return $object_to_remove_or_index_into_array;
-                    }
-                }
-            } elseif ($object_to_remove_or_index_into_array instanceof EE_Base_Class) {
-                //so they provided a model object, but it's not yet saved to the DB... so let's go hunting for it!
-                foreach ($this->get_all_from_cache($relationName) as $index => $potentially_obj_we_want) {
-                    if ($potentially_obj_we_want == $object_to_remove_or_index_into_array) {
-                        $index_in_cache = $index;
-                    }
-                }
-            } else {
-                $index_in_cache = $object_to_remove_or_index_into_array;
-            }
-            //supposedly we've found it. But it could just be that the client code
-            //provided a bad index/object
-            if (
-            isset(
-                $this->_model_relations[$relationName],
-                $this->_model_relations[$relationName][$index_in_cache]
-            )
-            ) {
-                $obj_removed = $this->_model_relations[$relationName][$index_in_cache];
-                unset($this->_model_relations[$relationName][$index_in_cache]);
-            } else {
-                //that thing was never cached anyways.
-                $obj_removed = null;
-            }
-        }
-        return $obj_removed;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * update_cache_after_object_save
-     * Allows a cached item to have it's cache ID (within the array of cached items) reset using the new ID it has
-     * obtained after being saved to the db
-     *
-     * @param string         $relationName       - the type of object that is cached
-     * @param \EE_Base_Class $newly_saved_object - the newly saved object to be re-cached
-     * @param string         $current_cache_id   - the ID that was used when originally caching the object
-     * @return boolean TRUE on success, FALSE on fail
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    public function update_cache_after_object_save(
-        $relationName,
-        EE_Base_Class $newly_saved_object,
-        $current_cache_id = ''
-    ) {
-        // verify that incoming object is of the correct type
-        $obj_class = 'EE_' . $relationName;
-        if ($newly_saved_object instanceof $obj_class) {
-            /* @type EE_Base_Class $newly_saved_object */
-            // now get the type of relation
-            $relationship_to_model = $this->get_model()->related_settings_for($relationName);
-            // if this is a 1:1 relationship
-            if ($relationship_to_model instanceof EE_Belongs_To_Relation) {
-                // then just replace the cached object with the newly saved object
-                $this->_model_relations[$relationName] = $newly_saved_object;
-                return true;
-                // or if it's some kind of sordid feral polyamorous relationship...
-            } elseif (is_array($this->_model_relations[$relationName])
-                      && isset($this->_model_relations[$relationName][$current_cache_id])
-            ) {
-                // then remove the current cached item
-                unset($this->_model_relations[$relationName][$current_cache_id]);
-                // and cache the newly saved object using it's new ID
-                $this->_model_relations[$relationName][$newly_saved_object->ID()] = $newly_saved_object;
-                return true;
-            }
-        }
-        return false;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Fetches a single EE_Base_Class on that relation. (If the relation is of type
-     * BelongsTo, it will only ever have 1 object. However, other relations could have an array of objects)
-     *
-     * @param string $relationName
-     * @return EE_Base_Class
-     */
-    public function get_one_from_cache($relationName)
-    {
-        $cached_array_or_object = isset($this->_model_relations[$relationName]) ? $this->_model_relations[$relationName]
-            : null;
-        if (is_array($cached_array_or_object)) {
-            return array_shift($cached_array_or_object);
-        } else {
-            return $cached_array_or_object;
-        }
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Fetches a single EE_Base_Class on that relation. (If the relation is of type
-     * BelongsTo, it will only ever have 1 object. However, other relations could have an array of objects)
-     *
-     * @param string $relationName
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     * @return EE_Base_Class[] NOT necessarily indexed by primary keys
-     */
-    public function get_all_from_cache($relationName)
-    {
-        $objects = isset($this->_model_relations[$relationName]) ? $this->_model_relations[$relationName] : array();
-        // if the result is not an array, but exists, make it an array
-        $objects = is_array($objects) ? $objects : array($objects);
-        //bugfix for https://events.codebasehq.com/projects/event-espresso/tickets/7143
-        //basically, if this model object was stored in the session, and these cached model objects
-        //already have IDs, let's make sure they're in their model's entity mapper
-        //otherwise we will have duplicates next time we call
-        // EE_Registry::instance()->load_model( $relationName )->get_one_by_ID( $result->ID() );
-        $model = EE_Registry::instance()->load_model($relationName);
-        foreach ($objects as $model_object) {
-            if ($model instanceof EEM_Base && $model_object instanceof EE_Base_Class) {
-                //ensure its in the map if it has an ID; otherwise it will be added to the map when its saved
-                if ($model_object->ID()) {
-                    $model->add_to_entity_map($model_object);
-                }
-            } else {
-                throw new EE_Error(
-                    sprintf(
-                        __(
-                            'Error retrieving related model objects. Either $1%s is not a model or $2%s is not a model object',
-                            'event_espresso'
-                        ),
-                        $relationName,
-                        gettype($model_object)
-                    )
-                );
-            }
-        }
-        return $objects;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Returns the next x number of EE_Base_Class objects in sequence from this object as found in the database
-     * matching the given query conditions.
-     *
-     * @param null  $field_to_order_by  What field is being used as the reference point.
-     * @param int   $limit              How many objects to return.
-     * @param array $query_params       Any additional conditions on the query.
-     * @param null  $columns_to_select  If left null, then an array of EE_Base_Class objects is returned, otherwise
-     *                                  you can indicate just the columns you want returned
-     * @return array|EE_Base_Class[]
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    public function next_x($field_to_order_by = null, $limit = 1, $query_params = array(), $columns_to_select = null)
-    {
-        $model = $this->get_model();
-        $field = empty($field_to_order_by) && $model->has_primary_key_field()
-            ? $model->get_primary_key_field()->get_name()
-            : $field_to_order_by;
-        $current_value = ! empty($field) ? $this->get($field) : null;
-        if (empty($field) || empty($current_value)) {
-            return array();
-        }
-        return $model->next_x($current_value, $field, $limit, $query_params, $columns_to_select);
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Returns the previous x number of EE_Base_Class objects in sequence from this object as found in the database
-     * matching the given query conditions.
-     *
-     * @param null  $field_to_order_by  What field is being used as the reference point.
-     * @param int   $limit              How many objects to return.
-     * @param array $query_params       Any additional conditions on the query.
-     * @param null  $columns_to_select  If left null, then an array of EE_Base_Class objects is returned, otherwise
-     *                                  you can indicate just the columns you want returned
-     * @return array|EE_Base_Class[]
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    public function previous_x(
-        $field_to_order_by = null,
-        $limit = 1,
-        $query_params = array(),
-        $columns_to_select = null
-    ) {
-        $model = $this->get_model();
-        $field = empty($field_to_order_by) && $model->has_primary_key_field()
-            ? $model->get_primary_key_field()->get_name()
-            : $field_to_order_by;
-        $current_value = ! empty($field) ? $this->get($field) : null;
-        if (empty($field) || empty($current_value)) {
-            return array();
-        }
-        return $model->previous_x($current_value, $field, $limit, $query_params, $columns_to_select);
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Returns the next EE_Base_Class object in sequence from this object as found in the database
-     * matching the given query conditions.
-     *
-     * @param null  $field_to_order_by  What field is being used as the reference point.
-     * @param array $query_params       Any additional conditions on the query.
-     * @param null  $columns_to_select  If left null, then an array of EE_Base_Class objects is returned, otherwise
-     *                                  you can indicate just the columns you want returned
-     * @return array|EE_Base_Class
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    public function next($field_to_order_by = null, $query_params = array(), $columns_to_select = null)
-    {
-        $model = $this->get_model();
-        $field = empty($field_to_order_by) && $model->has_primary_key_field()
-            ? $model->get_primary_key_field()->get_name()
-            : $field_to_order_by;
-        $current_value = ! empty($field) ? $this->get($field) : null;
-        if (empty($field) || empty($current_value)) {
-            return array();
-        }
-        return $model->next($current_value, $field, $query_params, $columns_to_select);
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Returns the previous EE_Base_Class object in sequence from this object as found in the database
-     * matching the given query conditions.
-     *
-     * @param null  $field_to_order_by  What field is being used as the reference point.
-     * @param array $query_params       Any additional conditions on the query.
-     * @param null  $columns_to_select  If left null, then an EE_Base_Class object is returned, otherwise
-     *                                  you can indicate just the column you want returned
-     * @return array|EE_Base_Class
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    public function previous($field_to_order_by = null, $query_params = array(), $columns_to_select = null)
-    {
-        $model = $this->get_model();
-        $field = empty($field_to_order_by) && $model->has_primary_key_field()
-            ? $model->get_primary_key_field()->get_name()
-            : $field_to_order_by;
-        $current_value = ! empty($field) ? $this->get($field) : null;
-        if (empty($field) || empty($current_value)) {
-            return array();
-        }
-        return $model->previous($current_value, $field, $query_params, $columns_to_select);
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Overrides parent because parent expects old models.
-     * This also doesn't do any validation, and won't work for serialized arrays
-     *
-     * @param string $field_name
-     * @param mixed  $field_value_from_db
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    public function set_from_db($field_name, $field_value_from_db)
-    {
-        $field_obj = $this->get_model()->field_settings_for($field_name);
-        if ($field_obj instanceof EE_Model_Field_Base) {
-            //you would think the DB has no NULLs for non-null label fields right? wrong!
-            //eg, a CPT model object could have an entry in the posts table, but no
-            //entry in the meta table. Meaning that all its columns in the meta table
-            //are null! yikes! so when we find one like that, use defaults for its meta columns
-            if ($field_value_from_db === null) {
-                if ($field_obj->is_nullable()) {
-                    //if the field allows nulls, then let it be null
-                    $field_value = null;
-                } else {
-                    $field_value = $field_obj->get_default_value();
-                }
-            } else {
-                $field_value = $field_obj->prepare_for_set_from_db($field_value_from_db);
-            }
-            $this->_fields[$field_name] = $field_value;
-            $this->_clear_cached_property($field_name);
-        }
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * verifies that the specified field is of the correct type
-     *
-     * @param string $field_name
-     * @param string $extra_cache_ref This allows the user to specify an extra cache ref for the given property
-     *                                (in cases where the same property may be used for different outputs
-     *                                - i.e. datetime, money etc.)
-     * @return mixed
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    public function get($field_name, $extra_cache_ref = null)
-    {
-        return $this->_get_cached_property($field_name, false, $extra_cache_ref);
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * This method simply returns the RAW unprocessed value for the given property in this class
-     *
-     * @param  string $field_name A valid fieldname
-     * @return mixed              Whatever the raw value stored on the property is.
-     * @throws EE_Error if fieldSettings is misconfigured or the field doesn't exist.
-     */
-    public function get_raw($field_name)
-    {
-        $field_settings = $this->get_model()->field_settings_for($field_name);
-        return $field_settings instanceof EE_Datetime_Field && $this->_fields[$field_name] instanceof DateTime
-            ? $this->_fields[$field_name]->format('U')
-            : $this->_fields[$field_name];
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * This is used to return the internal DateTime object used for a field that is a
-     * EE_Datetime_Field.
-     *
-     * @param string $field_name               The field name retrieving the DateTime object.
-     * @return mixed null | false | DateTime  If the requested field is NOT a EE_Datetime_Field then
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     *                                         an error is set and false returned.  If the field IS an
-     *                                         EE_Datetime_Field and but the field value is null, then
-     *                                         just null is returned (because that indicates that likely
-     *                                         this field is nullable).
-     */
-    public function get_DateTime_object($field_name)
-    {
-        $field_settings = $this->get_model()->field_settings_for($field_name);
-        if ( ! $field_settings instanceof EE_Datetime_Field) {
-            EE_Error::add_error(
-                sprintf(
-                    __(
-                        'The field %s is not an EE_Datetime_Field field.  There is no DateTime object stored on this field type.',
-                        'event_espresso'
-                    ),
-                    $field_name
-                ),
-                __FILE__,
-                __FUNCTION__,
-                __LINE__
-            );
-            return false;
-        }
-        return $this->_fields[$field_name];
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * To be used in template to immediately echo out the value, and format it for output.
-     * Eg, should call stripslashes and whatnot before echoing
-     *
-     * @param string $field_name      the name of the field as it appears in the DB
-     * @param string $extra_cache_ref This allows the user to specify an extra cache ref for the given property
-     *                                (in cases where the same property may be used for different outputs
-     *                                - i.e. datetime, money etc.)
-     * @return void
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    public function e($field_name, $extra_cache_ref = null)
-    {
-        echo $this->get_pretty($field_name, $extra_cache_ref);
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Exactly like e(), echoes out the field, but sets its schema to 'form_input', so that it
-     * can be easily used as the value of form input.
-     *
-     * @param string $field_name
-     * @return void
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    public function f($field_name)
-    {
-        $this->e($field_name, 'form_input');
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Same as `f()` but just returns the value instead of echoing it
-     * @param string $field_name
-     * @return string
-     */
-    public function get_f($field_name)
-    {
-        return (string)$this->get_pretty($field_name,'form_input');
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Gets a pretty view of the field's value. $extra_cache_ref can specify different formats for this.
-     * The $extra_cache_ref will be passed to the model field's prepare_for_pretty_echoing, so consult the field's class
-     * to see what options are available.
-     * @param string $field_name
-     * @param string $extra_cache_ref This allows the user to specify an extra cache ref for the given property
-     *                                (in cases where the same property may be used for different outputs
-     *                                - i.e. datetime, money etc.)
-     * @return mixed
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    public function get_pretty($field_name, $extra_cache_ref = null)
-    {
-        return $this->_get_cached_property($field_name, true, $extra_cache_ref);
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * This simply returns the datetime for the given field name
-     * Note: this protected function is called by the wrapper get_date or get_time or get_datetime functions
-     * (and the equivalent e_date, e_time, e_datetime).
-     *
-     * @access   protected
-     * @param string   $field_name   Field on the instantiated EE_Base_Class child object
-     * @param string   $dt_frmt      valid datetime format used for date
-     *                               (if '' then we just use the default on the field,
-     *                               if NULL we use the last-used format)
-     * @param string   $tm_frmt      Same as above except this is for time format
-     * @param string   $date_or_time if NULL then both are returned, otherwise "D" = only date and "T" = only time.
-     * @param  boolean $echo         Whether the dtt is echoing using pretty echoing or just returned using vanilla get
-     * @return string|bool|EE_Error string on success, FALSE on fail, or EE_Error Exception is thrown
-     *                               if field is not a valid dtt field, or void if echoing
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    protected function _get_datetime($field_name, $dt_frmt = '', $tm_frmt = '', $date_or_time = '', $echo = false)
-    {
-        // clear cached property
-        $this->_clear_cached_property($field_name);
-        //reset format properties because they are used in get()
-        $this->_dt_frmt = $dt_frmt !== '' ? $dt_frmt : $this->_dt_frmt;
-        $this->_tm_frmt = $tm_frmt !== '' ? $tm_frmt : $this->_tm_frmt;
-        if ($echo) {
-            $this->e($field_name, $date_or_time);
-            return '';
-        }
-        return $this->get($field_name, $date_or_time);
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * below are wrapper functions for the various datetime outputs that can be obtained for JUST returning the date
-     * portion of a datetime value. (note the only difference between get_ and e_ is one returns the value and the
-     * other echoes the pretty value for dtt)
-     *
-     * @param  string $field_name name of model object datetime field holding the value
-     * @param  string $format     format for the date returned (if NULL we use default in dt_frmt property)
-     * @return string            datetime value formatted
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    public function get_date($field_name, $format = '')
-    {
-        return $this->_get_datetime($field_name, $format, null, 'D');
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * @param      $field_name
-     * @param string $format
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    public function e_date($field_name, $format = '')
-    {
-        $this->_get_datetime($field_name, $format, null, 'D', true);
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * below are wrapper functions for the various datetime outputs that can be obtained for JUST returning the time
-     * portion of a datetime value. (note the only difference between get_ and e_ is one returns the value and the
-     * other echoes the pretty value for dtt)
-     *
-     * @param  string $field_name name of model object datetime field holding the value
-     * @param  string $format     format for the time returned ( if NULL we use default in tm_frmt property)
-     * @return string             datetime value formatted
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    public function get_time($field_name, $format = '')
-    {
-        return $this->_get_datetime($field_name, null, $format, 'T');
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * @param      $field_name
-     * @param string $format
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    public function e_time($field_name, $format = '')
-    {
-        $this->_get_datetime($field_name, null, $format, 'T', true);
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * below are wrapper functions for the various datetime outputs that can be obtained for returning the date AND
-     * time portion of a datetime value. (note the only difference between get_ and e_ is one returns the value and the
-     * other echoes the pretty value for dtt)
-     *
-     * @param  string $field_name name of model object datetime field holding the value
-     * @param  string $dt_frmt    format for the date returned (if NULL we use default in dt_frmt property)
-     * @param  string $tm_frmt    format for the time returned (if NULL we use default in tm_frmt property)
-     * @return string             datetime value formatted
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    public function get_datetime($field_name, $dt_frmt = '', $tm_frmt = '')
-    {
-        return $this->_get_datetime($field_name, $dt_frmt, $tm_frmt);
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * @param string $field_name
-     * @param string $dt_frmt
-     * @param string $tm_frmt
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    public function e_datetime($field_name, $dt_frmt = '', $tm_frmt = '')
-    {
-        $this->_get_datetime($field_name, $dt_frmt, $tm_frmt, null, true);
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Get the i8ln value for a date using the WordPress @see date_i18n function.
-     *
-     * @param string $field_name The EE_Datetime_Field reference for the date being retrieved.
-     * @param string $format     PHP valid date/time string format.  If none is provided then the internal set format
-     *                           on the object will be used.
-     * @return string Date and time string in set locale or false if no field exists for the given
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     *                           field name.
-     */
-    public function get_i18n_datetime($field_name, $format = '')
-    {
-        $format = empty($format) ? $this->_dt_frmt . ' ' . $this->_tm_frmt : $format;
-        return date_i18n(
-            $format,
-            EEH_DTT_Helper::get_timestamp_with_offset($this->get_raw($field_name), $this->_timezone)
-        );
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * This method validates whether the given field name is a valid field on the model object as well as it is of a
-     * type EE_Datetime_Field.  On success there will be returned the field settings.  On fail an EE_Error exception is
-     * thrown.
-     *
-     * @param  string $field_name The field name being checked
-     * @throws EE_Error
-     * @return EE_Datetime_Field
-     */
-    protected function _get_dtt_field_settings($field_name)
-    {
-        $field = $this->get_model()->field_settings_for($field_name);
-        //check if field is dtt
-        if ($field instanceof EE_Datetime_Field) {
-            return $field;
-        } else {
-            throw new EE_Error(sprintf(__('The field name "%s" has been requested for the EE_Base_Class datetime functions and it is not a valid EE_Datetime_Field.  Please check the spelling of the field and make sure it has been setup as a EE_Datetime_Field in the %s model constructor',
-                'event_espresso'), $field_name, self::_get_model_classname(get_class($this))));
-        }
-    }
-
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * NOTE ABOUT BELOW:
-     * These convenience date and time setters are for setting date and time independently.  In other words you might
-     * want to change the time on a datetime_field but leave the date the same (or vice versa). IF on the other hand
-     * you want to set both date and time at the same time, you can just use the models default set($fieldname,$value)
-     * method and make sure you send the entire datetime value for setting.
-     */
-    /**
-     * sets the time on a datetime property
-     *
-     * @access protected
-     * @param string|Datetime $time      a valid time string for php datetime functions (or DateTime object)
-     * @param string          $fieldname the name of the field the time is being set on (must match a EE_Datetime_Field)
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    protected function _set_time_for($time, $fieldname)
-    {
-        $this->_set_date_time('T', $time, $fieldname);
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * sets the date on a datetime property
-     *
-     * @access protected
-     * @param string|DateTime $date      a valid date string for php datetime functions ( or DateTime object)
-     * @param string          $fieldname the name of the field the date is being set on (must match a EE_Datetime_Field)
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    protected function _set_date_for($date, $fieldname)
-    {
-        $this->_set_date_time('D', $date, $fieldname);
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * This takes care of setting a date or time independently on a given model object property. This method also
-     * verifies that the given fieldname matches a model object property and is for a EE_Datetime_Field field
-     *
-     * @access protected
-     * @param string          $what           "T" for time, 'B' for both, 'D' for Date.
-     * @param string|DateTime $datetime_value A valid Date or Time string (or DateTime object)
-     * @param string          $fieldname      the name of the field the date OR time is being set on (must match a
-     *                                        EE_Datetime_Field property)
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    protected function _set_date_time($what = 'T', $datetime_value, $fieldname)
-    {
-        $field = $this->_get_dtt_field_settings($fieldname);
-        $field->set_timezone($this->_timezone);
-        $field->set_date_format($this->_dt_frmt);
-        $field->set_time_format($this->_tm_frmt);
-        switch ($what) {
-            case 'T' :
-                $this->_fields[$fieldname] = $field->prepare_for_set_with_new_time(
-                    $datetime_value,
-                    $this->_fields[$fieldname]
-                );
-                break;
-            case 'D' :
-                $this->_fields[$fieldname] = $field->prepare_for_set_with_new_date(
-                    $datetime_value,
-                    $this->_fields[$fieldname]
-                );
-                break;
-            case 'B' :
-                $this->_fields[$fieldname] = $field->prepare_for_set($datetime_value);
-                break;
-        }
-        $this->_clear_cached_property($fieldname);
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * This will return a timestamp for the website timezone but ONLY when the current website timezone is different
-     * than the timezone set for the website. NOTE, this currently only works well with methods that return values.  If
-     * you use it with methods that echo values the $_timestamp property may not get reset to its original value and
-     * that could lead to some unexpected results!
-     *
-     * @access public
-     * @param string               $field_name This is the name of the field on the object that contains the date/time
-     *                                         value being returned.
-     * @param string               $callback   must match a valid method in this class (defaults to get_datetime)
-     * @param mixed (array|string) $args       This is the arguments that will be passed to the callback.
-     * @param string               $prepend    You can include something to prepend on the timestamp
-     * @param string               $append     You can include something to append on the timestamp
-     * @throws EE_Error
-     * @return string timestamp
-     */
-    public function display_in_my_timezone(
-        $field_name,
-        $callback = 'get_datetime',
-        $args = null,
-        $prepend = '',
-        $append = ''
-    ) {
-        $timezone = EEH_DTT_Helper::get_timezone();
-        if ($timezone === $this->_timezone) {
-            return '';
-        }
-        $original_timezone = $this->_timezone;
-        $this->set_timezone($timezone);
-        $fn = (array)$field_name;
-        $args = array_merge($fn, (array)$args);
-        if ( ! method_exists($this, $callback)) {
-            throw new EE_Error(
-                sprintf(
-                    __(
-                        'The method named "%s" given as the callback param in "display_in_my_timezone" does not exist.  Please check your spelling',
-                        'event_espresso'
-                    ),
-                    $callback
-                )
-            );
-        }
-        $args = (array)$args;
-        $return = $prepend . call_user_func_array(array($this, $callback), $args) . $append;
-        $this->set_timezone($original_timezone);
-        return $return;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Deletes this model object.
-     * This calls the `EE_Base_Class::_delete` method.  Child classes wishing to change default behaviour should
-     * override
-     * `EE_Base_Class::_delete` NOT this class.
-     *
-     * @return boolean | int
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    public function delete()
-    {
-        /**
-         * Called just before the `EE_Base_Class::_delete` method call.
-         * Note: `EE_Base_Class::_delete` might be overridden by child classes so any client code hooking into these actions
-         * should be aware that `_delete` may not always result in a permanent delete.  For example, `EE_Soft_Delete_Base_Class::_delete`
-         * soft deletes (trash) the object and does not permanently delete it.
-         *
-         * @param EE_Base_Class $model_object about to be 'deleted'
-         */
-        do_action('AHEE__EE_Base_Class__delete__before', $this);
-        $result = $this->_delete();
-        /**
-         * Called just after the `EE_Base_Class::_delete` method call.
-         * Note: `EE_Base_Class::_delete` might be overridden by child classes so any client code hooking into these actions
-         * should be aware that `_delete` may not always result in a permanent delete.  For example `EE_Soft_Base_Class::_delete`
-         * soft deletes (trash) the object and does not permanently delete it.
-         *
-         * @param EE_Base_Class $model_object that was just 'deleted'
-         * @param boolean       $result
-         */
-        do_action('AHEE__EE_Base_Class__delete__end', $this, $result);
-        return $result;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Calls the specific delete method for the instantiated class.
-     * This method is called by the public `EE_Base_Class::delete` method.  Any child classes desiring to override
-     * default functionality for "delete" (which is to call `permanently_delete`) should override this method NOT
-     * `EE_Base_Class::delete`
-     *
-     * @return bool|int
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    protected function _delete()
-    {
-        return $this->delete_permanently();
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Deletes this model object permanently from db (but keep in mind related models my block the delete and return an
-     * error)
-     *
-     * @return bool | int
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    public function delete_permanently()
-    {
-        /**
-         * Called just before HARD deleting a model object
-         *
-         * @param EE_Base_Class $model_object about to be 'deleted'
-         */
-        do_action('AHEE__EE_Base_Class__delete_permanently__before', $this);
-        $model = $this->get_model();
-        $result = $model->delete_permanently_by_ID($this->ID());
-        $this->refresh_cache_of_related_objects();
-        /**
-         * Called just after HARD deleting a model object
-         *
-         * @param EE_Base_Class $model_object that was just 'deleted'
-         * @param boolean       $result
-         */
-        do_action('AHEE__EE_Base_Class__delete_permanently__end', $this, $result);
-        return $result;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * When this model object is deleted, it may still be cached on related model objects. This clears the cache of
-     * related model objects
-     *
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    public function refresh_cache_of_related_objects()
-    {
-        $model = $this->get_model();
-        foreach ($model->relation_settings() as $relation_name => $relation_obj) {
-            if ( ! empty($this->_model_relations[$relation_name])) {
-                $related_objects = $this->_model_relations[$relation_name];
-                if ($relation_obj instanceof EE_Belongs_To_Relation) {
-                    //this relation only stores a single model object, not an array
-                    //but let's make it consistent
-                    $related_objects = array($related_objects);
-                }
-                foreach ($related_objects as $related_object) {
-                    //only refresh their cache if they're in memory
-                    if ($related_object instanceof EE_Base_Class) {
-                        $related_object->clear_cache($model->get_this_model_name(), $this);
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     *        Saves this object to the database. An array may be supplied to set some values on this
-     * object just before saving.
-     *
-     * @access public
-     * @param array $set_cols_n_values keys are field names, values are their new values,
-     *                                 if provided during the save() method (often client code will change the fields'
-     *                                 values before calling save)
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     * @return int , 1 on a successful update, the ID of the new entry on insert; 0 on failure or if the model object
-     *                                 isn't allowed to persist (as determined by EE_Base_Class::allow_persist())
-     */
-    public function save($set_cols_n_values = array())
-    {
-        $model = $this->get_model();
-        /**
-         * Filters the fields we're about to save on the model object
-         *
-         * @param array         $set_cols_n_values
-         * @param EE_Base_Class $model_object
-         */
-        $set_cols_n_values = (array)apply_filters('FHEE__EE_Base_Class__save__set_cols_n_values', $set_cols_n_values,
-            $this);
-        //set attributes as provided in $set_cols_n_values
-        foreach ($set_cols_n_values as $column => $value) {
-            $this->set($column, $value);
-        }
-        // no changes ? then don't do anything
-        if (! $this->_has_changes && $this->ID() && $model->get_primary_key_field()->is_auto_increment()) {
-            return 0;
-        }
-        /**
-         * Saving a model object.
-         * Before we perform a save, this action is fired.
-         *
-         * @param EE_Base_Class $model_object the model object about to be saved.
-         */
-        do_action('AHEE__EE_Base_Class__save__begin', $this);
-        if ( ! $this->allow_persist()) {
-            return 0;
-        }
-        //now get current attribute values
-        $save_cols_n_values = $this->_fields;
-        //if the object already has an ID, update it. Otherwise, insert it
-        //also: change the assumption about values passed to the model NOT being prepare dby the model object. They have been
-        $old_assumption_concerning_value_preparation = $model
-                                                            ->get_assumption_concerning_values_already_prepared_by_model_object();
-        $model->assume_values_already_prepared_by_model_object(true);
-        //does this model have an autoincrement PK?
-        if ($model->has_primary_key_field()) {
-            if ($model->get_primary_key_field()->is_auto_increment()) {
-                //ok check if it's set, if so: update; if not, insert
-                if ( ! empty($save_cols_n_values[$model->primary_key_name()])) {
-                    $results = $model->update_by_ID($save_cols_n_values, $this->ID());
-                } else {
-                    unset($save_cols_n_values[$model->primary_key_name()]);
-                    $results = $model->insert($save_cols_n_values);
-                    if ($results) {
-                        //if successful, set the primary key
-                        //but don't use the normal SET method, because it will check if
-                        //an item with the same ID exists in the mapper & db, then
-                        //will find it in the db (because we just added it) and THAT object
-                        //will get added to the mapper before we can add this one!
-                        //but if we just avoid using the SET method, all that headache can be avoided
-                        $pk_field_name = $model->primary_key_name();
-                        $this->_fields[$pk_field_name] = $results;
-                        $this->_clear_cached_property($pk_field_name);
-                        $model->add_to_entity_map($this);
-                        $this->_update_cached_related_model_objs_fks();
-                    }
-                }
-            } else {//PK is NOT auto-increment
-                //so check if one like it already exists in the db
-                if ($model->exists_by_ID($this->ID())) {
-                    if (WP_DEBUG && ! $this->in_entity_map()) {
-                        throw new EE_Error(
-                            sprintf(
-                                __('Using a model object %1$s that is NOT in the entity map, can lead to unexpected errors. You should either: %4$s 1. Put it in the entity mapper by calling %2$s %4$s 2. Discard this model object and use what is in the entity mapper %4$s 3. Fetch from the database using %3$s',
-                                    'event_espresso'),
-                                get_class($this),
-                                get_class($model) . '::instance()->add_to_entity_map()',
-                                get_class($model) . '::instance()->get_one_by_ID()',
-                                '<br />'
-                            )
-                        );
-                    }
-                    $results = $model->update_by_ID($save_cols_n_values, $this->ID());
-                } else {
-                    $results = $model->insert($save_cols_n_values);
-                    $this->_update_cached_related_model_objs_fks();
-                }
-            }
-        } else {//there is NO primary key
-            $already_in_db = false;
-            foreach ($model->unique_indexes() as $index) {
-                $uniqueness_where_params = array_intersect_key($save_cols_n_values, $index->fields());
-                if ($model->exists(array($uniqueness_where_params))) {
-                    $already_in_db = true;
-                }
-            }
-            if ($already_in_db) {
-                $combined_pk_fields_n_values = array_intersect_key($save_cols_n_values,
-                    $model->get_combined_primary_key_fields());
-                $results = $model->update($save_cols_n_values, $combined_pk_fields_n_values);
-            } else {
-                $results = $model->insert($save_cols_n_values);
-            }
-        }
-        //restore the old assumption about values being prepared by the model object
-        $model
-             ->assume_values_already_prepared_by_model_object($old_assumption_concerning_value_preparation);
-        /**
-         * After saving the model object this action is called
-         *
-         * @param EE_Base_Class $model_object which was just saved
-         * @param boolean|int   $results      if it were updated, TRUE or FALSE; if it were newly inserted
-         *                                    the new ID (or 0 if an error occurred and it wasn't updated)
-         */
-        do_action('AHEE__EE_Base_Class__save__end', $this, $results);
-        $this->_has_changes = false;
-        return $results;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Updates the foreign key on related models objects pointing to this to have this model object's ID
-     * as their foreign key.  If the cached related model objects already exist in the db, saves them (so that the DB
-     * is consistent) Especially useful in case we JUST added this model object ot the database and we want to let its
-     * cached relations with foreign keys to it know about that change. Eg: we've created a transaction but haven't
-     * saved it to the db. We also create a registration and don't save it to the DB, but we DO cache it on the
-     * transaction. Now, when we save the transaction, the registration's TXN_ID will be automatically updated, whether
-     * or not they exist in the DB (if they do, their DB records will be automatically updated)
-     *
-     * @return void
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    protected function _update_cached_related_model_objs_fks()
-    {
-        $model = $this->get_model();
-        foreach ($model->relation_settings() as $relation_name => $relation_obj) {
-            if ($relation_obj instanceof EE_Has_Many_Relation) {
-                foreach ($this->get_all_from_cache($relation_name) as $related_model_obj_in_cache) {
-                    $fk_to_this = $related_model_obj_in_cache->get_model()->get_foreign_key_to(
-                        $model->get_this_model_name()
-                    );
-                    $related_model_obj_in_cache->set($fk_to_this->get_name(), $this->ID());
-                    if ($related_model_obj_in_cache->ID()) {
-                        $related_model_obj_in_cache->save();
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Saves this model object and its NEW cached relations to the database.
-     * (Meaning, for now, IT DOES NOT WORK if the cached items already exist in the DB.
-     * In order for that to work, we would need to mark model objects as dirty/clean...
-     * because otherwise, there's a potential for infinite looping of saving
-     * Saves the cached related model objects, and ensures the relation between them
-     * and this object and properly setup
-     *
-     * @return int ID of new model object on save; 0 on failure+
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    public function save_new_cached_related_model_objs()
-    {
-        //make sure this has been saved
-        if ( ! $this->ID()) {
-            $id = $this->save();
-        } else {
-            $id = $this->ID();
-        }
-        //now save all the NEW cached model objects  (ie they don't exist in the DB)
-        foreach ($this->get_model()->relation_settings() as $relationName => $relationObj) {
-            if ($this->_model_relations[$relationName]) {
-                //is this a relation where we should expect just ONE related object (ie, EE_Belongs_To_relation)
-                //or MANY related objects (ie, EE_HABTM_Relation or EE_Has_Many_Relation)?
-                if ($relationObj instanceof EE_Belongs_To_Relation) {
-                    //add a relation to that relation type (which saves the appropriate thing in the process)
-                    //but ONLY if it DOES NOT exist in the DB
-                    /* @var $related_model_obj EE_Base_Class */
-                    $related_model_obj = $this->_model_relations[$relationName];
-                    //					if( ! $related_model_obj->ID()){
-                    $this->_add_relation_to($related_model_obj, $relationName);
-                    $related_model_obj->save_new_cached_related_model_objs();
-                    //					}
-                } else {
-                    foreach ($this->_model_relations[$relationName] as $related_model_obj) {
-                        //add a relation to that relation type (which saves the appropriate thing in the process)
-                        //but ONLY if it DOES NOT exist in the DB
-                        //						if( ! $related_model_obj->ID()){
-                        $this->_add_relation_to($related_model_obj, $relationName);
-                        $related_model_obj->save_new_cached_related_model_objs();
-                        //						}
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        return $id;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * for getting a model while instantiated.
-     *
-     * @return \EEM_Base | \EEM_CPT_Base
-     */
-    public function get_model()
-    {
-        if( ! $this->_model){
-            $modelName = self::_get_model_classname(get_class($this));
-            $this->_model = self::_get_model_instance_with_name($modelName, $this->_timezone);
-        } else {
-            $this->_model->set_timezone($this->_timezone);
-        }
-
-        return $this->_model;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * @param $props_n_values
-     * @param $classname
-     * @return mixed bool|EE_Base_Class|EEM_CPT_Base
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    protected static function _get_object_from_entity_mapper($props_n_values, $classname)
-    {
-        //TODO: will not work for Term_Relationships because they have no PK!
-        $primary_id_ref = self::_get_primary_key_name($classname);
-        if (array_key_exists($primary_id_ref, $props_n_values) && ! empty($props_n_values[$primary_id_ref])) {
-            $id = $props_n_values[$primary_id_ref];
-            return self::_get_model($classname)->get_from_entity_map($id);
-        }
-        return false;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * This is called by child static "new_instance" method and we'll check to see if there is an existing db entry for
-     * the primary key (if present in incoming values). If there is a key in the incoming array that matches the
-     * primary key for the model AND it is not null, then we check the db. If there's a an object we return it.  If not
-     * we return false.
-     *
-     * @param  array  $props_n_values   incoming array of properties and their values
-     * @param  string $classname        the classname of the child class
-     * @param null    $timezone
-     * @param array   $date_formats     incoming date_formats in an array where the first value is the
-     *                                  date_format and the second value is the time format
-     * @return mixed (EE_Base_Class|bool)
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    protected static function _check_for_object($props_n_values, $classname, $timezone = null, $date_formats = array())
-    {
-        $existing = null;
-        $model = self::_get_model($classname, $timezone);
-        if ($model->has_primary_key_field()) {
-            $primary_id_ref = self::_get_primary_key_name($classname);
-            if (array_key_exists($primary_id_ref, $props_n_values)
-                && ! empty($props_n_values[$primary_id_ref])
-            ) {
-                $existing = $model->get_one_by_ID(
-                    $props_n_values[$primary_id_ref]
-                );
-            }
-        } elseif ($model->has_all_combined_primary_key_fields($props_n_values)) {
-            //no primary key on this model, but there's still a matching item in the DB
-            $existing = self::_get_model($classname, $timezone)->get_one_by_ID(
-                self::_get_model($classname, $timezone)->get_index_primary_key_string($props_n_values)
-            );
-        }
-        if ($existing) {
-            //set date formats if present before setting values
-            if ( ! empty($date_formats) && is_array($date_formats)) {
-                $existing->set_date_format($date_formats[0]);
-                $existing->set_time_format($date_formats[1]);
-            } else {
-                //set default formats for date and time
-                $existing->set_date_format(get_option('date_format'));
-                $existing->set_time_format(get_option('time_format'));
-            }
-            foreach ($props_n_values as $property => $field_value) {
-                $existing->set($property, $field_value);
-            }
-            return $existing;
-        } else {
-            return false;
-        }
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Gets the EEM_*_Model for this class
-     *
-     * @access public now, as this is more convenient
-     * @param      $classname
-     * @param null $timezone
-     * @throws EE_Error
-     * @return EEM_Base
-     */
-    protected static function _get_model($classname, $timezone = null)
-    {
-        //find model for this class
-        if ( ! $classname) {
-            throw new EE_Error(
-                sprintf(
-                    __(
-                        "What were you thinking calling _get_model(%s)?? You need to specify the class name",
-                        "event_espresso"
-                    ),
-                    $classname
-                )
-            );
-        }
-        $modelName = self::_get_model_classname($classname);
-        return self::_get_model_instance_with_name($modelName, $timezone);
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Gets the model instance (eg instance of EEM_Attendee) given its classname (eg EE_Attendee)
-     *
-     * @param string $model_classname
-     * @param null   $timezone
-     * @return EEM_Base
-     */
-    protected static function _get_model_instance_with_name($model_classname, $timezone = null)
-    {
-        $model_classname = str_replace('EEM_', '', $model_classname);
-        $model = EE_Registry::instance()->load_model($model_classname);
-        $model->set_timezone($timezone);
-        return $model;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * If a model name is provided (eg Registration), gets the model classname for that model.
-     * Also works if a model class's classname is provided (eg EE_Registration).
-     *
-     * @param null $model_name
-     * @return string like EEM_Attendee
-     */
-    private static function _get_model_classname($model_name = null)
-    {
-        if (strpos($model_name, "EE_") === 0) {
-            $model_classname = str_replace("EE_", "EEM_", $model_name);
-        } else {
-            $model_classname = "EEM_" . $model_name;
-        }
-        return $model_classname;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * returns the name of the primary key attribute
-     *
-     * @param null $classname
-     * @throws EE_Error
-     * @return string
-     */
-    protected static function _get_primary_key_name($classname = null)
-    {
-        if ( ! $classname) {
-            throw new EE_Error(
-                sprintf(
-                    __("What were you thinking calling _get_primary_key_name(%s)", "event_espresso"),
-                    $classname
-                )
-            );
-        }
-        return self::_get_model($classname)->get_primary_key_field()->get_name();
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Gets the value of the primary key.
-     * If the object hasn't yet been saved, it should be whatever the model field's default was
-     * (eg, if this were the EE_Event class, look at the primary key field on EEM_Event and see what its default value
-     * is. Usually defaults for integer primary keys are 0; string primary keys are usually NULL).
-     *
-     * @return mixed, if the primary key is of type INT it'll be an int. Otherwise it could be a string
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    public function ID()
-    {
-        $model = $this->get_model();
-        //now that we know the name of the variable, use a variable variable to get its value and return its
-        if ($model->has_primary_key_field()) {
-            return $this->_fields[$model->primary_key_name()];
-        } else {
-            return $model->get_index_primary_key_string($this->_fields);
-        }
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Adds a relationship to the specified EE_Base_Class object, given the relationship's name. Eg, if the current
-     * model is related to a group of events, the $relationName should be 'Event', and should be a key in the EE
-     * Model's $_model_relations array. If this model object doesn't exist in the DB, just caches the related thing
-     *
-     * @param mixed  $otherObjectModelObjectOrID       EE_Base_Class or the ID of the other object
-     * @param string $relationName                     eg 'Events','Question',etc.
-     *                                                 an attendee to a group, you also want to specify which role they
-     *                                                 will have in that group. So you would use this parameter to
-     *                                                 specify array('role-column-name'=>'role-id')
-     * @param array  $extra_join_model_fields_n_values You can optionally include an array of key=>value pairs that
-     *                                                 allow you to further constrict the relation to being added.
-     *                                                 However, keep in mind that the columns (keys) given must match a
-     *                                                 column on the JOIN table and currently only the HABTM models
-     *                                                 accept these additional conditions.  Also remember that if an
-     *                                                 exact match isn't found for these extra cols/val pairs, then a
-     *                                                 NEW row is created in the join table.
-     * @param null   $cache_id
-     * @throws EE_Error
-     * @return EE_Base_Class the object the relation was added to
-     */
-    public function _add_relation_to(
-        $otherObjectModelObjectOrID,
-        $relationName,
-        $extra_join_model_fields_n_values = array(),
-        $cache_id = null
-    ) {
-        $model = $this->get_model();
-        //if this thing exists in the DB, save the relation to the DB
-        if ($this->ID()) {
-            $otherObject = $model
-                                ->add_relationship_to($this, $otherObjectModelObjectOrID, $relationName,
-                                    $extra_join_model_fields_n_values);
-            //clear cache so future get_many_related and get_first_related() return new results.
-            $this->clear_cache($relationName, $otherObject, true);
-            if ($otherObject instanceof EE_Base_Class) {
-                $otherObject->clear_cache($model->get_this_model_name(), $this);
-            }
-        } else {
-            //this thing doesn't exist in the DB,  so just cache it
-            if ( ! $otherObjectModelObjectOrID instanceof EE_Base_Class) {
-                throw new EE_Error(sprintf(
-                    __('Before a model object is saved to the database, calls to _add_relation_to must be passed an actual object, not just an ID. You provided %s as the model object to a %s',
-                        'event_espresso'),
-                    $otherObjectModelObjectOrID,
-                    get_class($this)
-                ));
-            } else {
-                $otherObject = $otherObjectModelObjectOrID;
-            }
-            $this->cache($relationName, $otherObjectModelObjectOrID, $cache_id);
-        }
-        if ($otherObject instanceof EE_Base_Class) {
-            //fix the reciprocal relation too
-            if ($otherObject->ID()) {
-                //its saved so assumed relations exist in the DB, so we can just
-                //clear the cache so future queries use the updated info in the DB
-                $otherObject->clear_cache($model->get_this_model_name(), null, true);
-            } else {
-                //it's not saved, so it caches relations like this
-                $otherObject->cache($model->get_this_model_name(), $this);
-            }
-        }
-        return $otherObject;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Removes a relationship to the specified EE_Base_Class object, given the relationships' name. Eg, if the current
-     * model is related to a group of events, the $relationName should be 'Events', and should be a key in the EE
-     * Model's $_model_relations array. If this model object doesn't exist in the DB, just removes the related thing
-     * from the cache
-     *
-     * @param mixed  $otherObjectModelObjectOrID
-     *                EE_Base_Class or the ID of the other object, OR an array key into the cache if this isn't saved
-     *                to the DB yet
-     * @param string $relationName
-     * @param array  $where_query
-     *                You can optionally include an array of key=>value pairs that allow you to further constrict the
-     *                relation to being added. However, keep in mind that the columns (keys) given must match a column
-     *                on the JOIN table and currently only the HABTM models accept these additional conditions. Also
-     *                remember that if an exact match isn't found for these extra cols/val pairs, then a NEW row is
-     *                created in the join table.
-     * @return EE_Base_Class the relation was removed from
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    public function _remove_relation_to($otherObjectModelObjectOrID, $relationName, $where_query = array())
-    {
-        if ($this->ID()) {
-            //if this exists in the DB, save the relation change to the DB too
-            $otherObject = $this->get_model()
-                                ->remove_relationship_to($this, $otherObjectModelObjectOrID, $relationName,
-                                    $where_query);
-            $this->clear_cache($relationName, $otherObject);
-        } else {
-            //this doesn't exist in the DB, just remove it from the cache
-            $otherObject = $this->clear_cache($relationName, $otherObjectModelObjectOrID);
-        }
-        if ($otherObject instanceof EE_Base_Class) {
-            $otherObject->clear_cache($this->get_model()->get_this_model_name(), $this);
-        }
-        return $otherObject;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Removes ALL the related things for the $relationName.
-     *
-     * @param string $relationName
-     * @param array  $where_query_params like EEM_Base::get_all's $query_params[0] (where conditions)
-     * @return EE_Base_Class
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    public function _remove_relations($relationName, $where_query_params = array())
-    {
-        if ($this->ID()) {
-            //if this exists in the DB, save the relation change to the DB too
-            $otherObjects = $this->get_model()->remove_relations($this, $relationName, $where_query_params);
-            $this->clear_cache($relationName, null, true);
-        } else {
-            //this doesn't exist in the DB, just remove it from the cache
-            $otherObjects = $this->clear_cache($relationName, null, true);
-        }
-        if (is_array($otherObjects)) {
-            foreach ($otherObjects as $otherObject) {
-                $otherObject->clear_cache($this->get_model()->get_this_model_name(), $this);
-            }
-        }
-        return $otherObjects;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Gets all the related model objects of the specified type. Eg, if the current class if
-     * EE_Event, you could call $this->get_many_related('Registration') to get an array of all the
-     * EE_Registration objects which related to this event. Note: by default, we remove the "default query params"
-     * because we want to get even deleted items etc.
-     *
-     * @param string $relationName key in the model's _model_relations array
-     * @param array  $query_params like EEM_Base::get_all
-     * @return EE_Base_Class[] Results not necessarily indexed by IDs, because some results might not have primary keys
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     *                             or might not be saved yet. Consider using EEM_Base::get_IDs() on these results if
-     *                             you want IDs
-     */
-    public function get_many_related($relationName, $query_params = array())
-    {
-        if ($this->ID()) {
-            //this exists in the DB, so get the related things from either the cache or the DB
-            //if there are query parameters, forget about caching the related model objects.
-            if ($query_params) {
-                $related_model_objects = $this->get_model()->get_all_related($this, $relationName, $query_params);
-            } else {
-                //did we already cache the result of this query?
-                $cached_results = $this->get_all_from_cache($relationName);
-                if ( ! $cached_results) {
-                    $related_model_objects = $this->get_model()->get_all_related($this, $relationName, $query_params);
-                    //if no query parameters were passed, then we got all the related model objects
-                    //for that relation. We can cache them then.
-                    foreach ($related_model_objects as $related_model_object) {
-                        $this->cache($relationName, $related_model_object);
-                    }
-                } else {
-                    $related_model_objects = $cached_results;
-                }
-            }
-        } else {
-            //this doesn't exist in the DB, so just get the related things from the cache
-            $related_model_objects = $this->get_all_from_cache($relationName);
-        }
-        return $related_model_objects;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Instead of getting the related model objects, simply counts them. Ignores default_where_conditions by default,
-     * unless otherwise specified in the $query_params
-     *
-     * @param string $relation_name  model_name like 'Event', or 'Registration'
-     * @param array  $query_params   like EEM_Base::get_all's
-     * @param string $field_to_count name of field to count by. By default, uses primary key
-     * @param bool   $distinct       if we want to only count the distinct values for the column then you can trigger
-     *                               that by the setting $distinct to TRUE;
-     * @return int
-     */
-    public function count_related($relation_name, $query_params = array(), $field_to_count = null, $distinct = false)
-    {
-        return $this->get_model()->count_related($this, $relation_name, $query_params, $field_to_count, $distinct);
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Instead of getting the related model objects, simply sums up the values of the specified field.
-     * Note: ignores default_where_conditions by default, unless otherwise specified in the $query_params
-     *
-     * @param string $relation_name model_name like 'Event', or 'Registration'
-     * @param array  $query_params  like EEM_Base::get_all's
-     * @param string $field_to_sum  name of field to count by.
-     *                              By default, uses primary key (which doesn't make much sense, so you should probably
-     *                              change it)
-     * @return int
-     */
-    public function sum_related($relation_name, $query_params = array(), $field_to_sum = null)
-    {
-        return $this->get_model()->sum_related($this, $relation_name, $query_params, $field_to_sum);
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Gets the first (ie, one) related model object of the specified type.
-     *
-     * @param string $relationName key in the model's _model_relations array
-     * @param array  $query_params like EEM_Base::get_all
-     * @return EE_Base_Class (not an array, a single object)
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    public function get_first_related($relationName, $query_params = array())
-    {
-        $model = $this->get_model();
-        if ($this->ID()) {//this exists in the DB, get from the cache OR the DB
-            //if they've provided some query parameters, don't bother trying to cache the result
-            //also make sure we're not caching the result of get_first_related
-            //on a relation which should have an array of objects (because the cache might have an array of objects)
-            if ($query_params
-                || ! $model->related_settings_for($relationName)
-                     instanceof
-                     EE_Belongs_To_Relation
-            ) {
-                $related_model_object = $model->get_first_related($this, $relationName, $query_params);
-            } else {
-                //first, check if we've already cached the result of this query
-                $cached_result = $this->get_one_from_cache($relationName);
-                if ( ! $cached_result) {
-                    $related_model_object = $model->get_first_related($this, $relationName, $query_params);
-                    $this->cache($relationName, $related_model_object);
-                } else {
-                    $related_model_object = $cached_result;
-                }
-            }
-        } else {
-            $related_model_object = null;
-            //this doesn't exist in the Db, but maybe the relation is of type belongs to, and so the related thing might
-            if ($model->related_settings_for($relationName) instanceof EE_Belongs_To_Relation) {
-                $related_model_object = $model->get_first_related($this, $relationName, $query_params);
-            }
-            //this doesn't exist in the DB and apparently the thing it belongs to doesn't either, just get what's cached on this object
-            if ( ! $related_model_object) {
-                $related_model_object = $this->get_one_from_cache($relationName);
-            }
-        }
-        return $related_model_object;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Does a delete on all related objects of type $relationName and removes
-     * the current model object's relation to them. If they can't be deleted (because
-     * of blocking related model objects) does nothing. If the related model objects are
-     * soft-deletable, they will be soft-deleted regardless of related blocking model objects.
-     * If this model object doesn't exist yet in the DB, just removes its related things
-     *
-     * @param string $relationName
-     * @param array  $query_params like EEM_Base::get_all's
-     * @return int how many deleted
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    public function delete_related($relationName, $query_params = array())
-    {
-        if ($this->ID()) {
-            $count = $this->get_model()->delete_related($this, $relationName, $query_params);
-        } else {
-            $count = count($this->get_all_from_cache($relationName));
-            $this->clear_cache($relationName, null, true);
-        }
-        return $count;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Does a hard delete (ie, removes the DB row) on all related objects of type $relationName and removes
-     * the current model object's relation to them. If they can't be deleted (because
-     * of blocking related model objects) just does a soft delete on it instead, if possible.
-     * If the related thing isn't a soft-deletable model object, this function is identical
-     * to delete_related(). If this model object doesn't exist in the DB, just remove its related things
-     *
-     * @param string $relationName
-     * @param array  $query_params like EEM_Base::get_all's
-     * @return int how many deleted (including those soft deleted)
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    public function delete_related_permanently($relationName, $query_params = array())
-    {
-        if ($this->ID()) {
-            $count = $this->get_model()->delete_related_permanently($this, $relationName, $query_params);
-        } else {
-            $count = count($this->get_all_from_cache($relationName));
-        }
-        $this->clear_cache($relationName, null, true);
-        return $count;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * is_set
-     * Just a simple utility function children can use for checking if property exists
-     *
-     * @access  public
-     * @param  string $field_name property to check
-     * @return bool                              TRUE if existing,FALSE if not.
-     */
-    public function is_set($field_name)
-    {
-        return isset($this->_fields[$field_name]);
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Just a simple utility function children can use for checking if property (or properties) exists and throwing an
-     * EE_Error exception if they don't
-     *
-     * @param  mixed (string|array) $properties properties to check
-     * @throws EE_Error
-     * @return bool                              TRUE if existing, throw EE_Error if not.
-     */
-    protected function _property_exists($properties)
-    {
-        foreach ((array)$properties as $property_name) {
-            //first make sure this property exists
-            if ( ! $this->_fields[$property_name]) {
-                throw new EE_Error(
-                    sprintf(
-                        __(
-                            'Trying to retrieve a non-existent property (%s).  Double check the spelling please',
-                            'event_espresso'
-                        ),
-                        $property_name
-                    )
-                );
-            }
-        }
-        return true;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * This simply returns an array of model fields for this object
-     *
-     * @return array
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    public function model_field_array()
-    {
-        $fields = $this->get_model()->field_settings(false);
-        $properties = array();
-        //remove prepended underscore
-        foreach ($fields as $field_name => $settings) {
-            $properties[$field_name] = $this->get($field_name);
-        }
-        return $properties;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Very handy general function to allow for plugins to extend any child of EE_Base_Class.
-     * If a method is called on a child of EE_Base_Class that doesn't exist, this function is called
-     * (http://www.garfieldtech.com/blog/php-magic-call) and passed the method's name and arguments. Instead of
-     * requiring a plugin to extend the EE_Base_Class (which works fine is there's only 1 plugin, but when will that
-     * happen?) they can add a hook onto 'filters_hook_espresso__{className}__{methodName}' (eg,
-     * filters_hook_espresso__EE_Answer__my_great_function) and accepts 2 arguments: the object on which the function
-     * was called, and an array of the original arguments passed to the function. Whatever their callback function
-     * returns will be returned by this function. Example: in functions.php (or in a plugin):
-     * add_filter('FHEE__EE_Answer__my_callback','my_callback',10,3); function
-     * my_callback($previousReturnValue,EE_Base_Class $object,$argsArray){
-     * $returnString= "you called my_callback! and passed args:".implode(",",$argsArray);
-     *        return $previousReturnValue.$returnString;
-     * }
-     * require('EE_Answer.class.php');
-     * $answer= EE_Answer::new_instance(array('REG_ID' => 2,'QST_ID' => 3,'ANS_value' => The answer is 42'));
-     * echo $answer->my_callback('monkeys',100);
-     * //will output "you called my_callback! and passed args:monkeys,100"
-     *
-     * @param string $methodName name of method which was called on a child of EE_Base_Class, but which
-     * @param array  $args       array of original arguments passed to the function
-     * @throws EE_Error
-     * @return mixed whatever the plugin which calls add_filter decides
-     */
-    public function __call($methodName, $args)
-    {
-        $className = get_class($this);
-        $tagName = "FHEE__{$className}__{$methodName}";
-        if ( ! has_filter($tagName)) {
-            throw new EE_Error(
-                sprintf(
-                    __(
-                        "Method %s on class %s does not exist! You can create one with the following code in functions.php or in a plugin: add_filter('%s','my_callback',10,3);function my_callback(\$previousReturnValue,EE_Base_Class \$object, \$argsArray){/*function body*/return \$whatever;}",
-                        "event_espresso"
-                    ),
-                    $methodName,
-                    $className,
-                    $tagName
-                )
-            );
-        }
-        return apply_filters($tagName, null, $this, $args);
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Similar to insert_post_meta, adds a record in the Extra_Meta model's table with the given key and value.
-     * A $previous_value can be specified in case there are many meta rows with the same key
-     *
-     * @param string $meta_key
-     * @param mixed  $meta_value
-     * @param mixed  $previous_value
-     * @return bool|int # of records updated (or BOOLEAN if we actually ended up inserting the extra meta row)
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     * NOTE: if the values haven't changed, returns 0
-     */
-    public function update_extra_meta($meta_key, $meta_value, $previous_value = null)
-    {
-        $query_params = array(
-            array(
-                'EXM_key'  => $meta_key,
-                'OBJ_ID'   => $this->ID(),
-                'EXM_type' => $this->get_model()->get_this_model_name(),
-            ),
-        );
-        if ($previous_value !== null) {
-            $query_params[0]['EXM_value'] = $meta_value;
-        }
-        $existing_rows_like_that = EEM_Extra_Meta::instance()->get_all($query_params);
-        if ( ! $existing_rows_like_that) {
-            return $this->add_extra_meta($meta_key, $meta_value);
-        }
-        foreach ($existing_rows_like_that as $existing_row) {
-            $existing_row->save(array('EXM_value' => $meta_value));
-        }
-        return count($existing_rows_like_that);
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Adds a new extra meta record. If $unique is set to TRUE, we'll first double-check
-     * no other extra meta for this model object have the same key. Returns TRUE if the
-     * extra meta row was entered, false if not
-     *
-     * @param string  $meta_key
-     * @param mixed   $meta_value
-     * @param boolean $unique
-     * @return boolean
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    public function add_extra_meta($meta_key, $meta_value, $unique = false)
-    {
-        if ($unique) {
-            $existing_extra_meta = EEM_Extra_Meta::instance()->get_one(
-                array(
-                    array(
-                        'EXM_key'  => $meta_key,
-                        'OBJ_ID'   => $this->ID(),
-                        'EXM_type' => $this->get_model()->get_this_model_name(),
-                    ),
-                )
-            );
-            if ($existing_extra_meta) {
-                return false;
-            }
-        }
-        $new_extra_meta = EE_Extra_Meta::new_instance(
-            array(
-                'EXM_key'   => $meta_key,
-                'EXM_value' => $meta_value,
-                'OBJ_ID'    => $this->ID(),
-                'EXM_type'  => $this->get_model()->get_this_model_name(),
-            )
-        );
-        $new_extra_meta->save();
-        return true;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Deletes all the extra meta rows for this record as specified by key. If $meta_value
-     * is specified, only deletes extra meta records with that value.
-     *
-     * @param string $meta_key
-     * @param mixed  $meta_value
-     * @return int number of extra meta rows deleted
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    public function delete_extra_meta($meta_key, $meta_value = null)
-    {
-        $query_params = array(
-            array(
-                'EXM_key'  => $meta_key,
-                'OBJ_ID'   => $this->ID(),
-                'EXM_type' => $this->get_model()->get_this_model_name(),
-            ),
-        );
-        if ($meta_value !== null) {
-            $query_params[0]['EXM_value'] = $meta_value;
-        }
-        return EEM_Extra_Meta::instance()->delete($query_params);
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Gets the extra meta with the given meta key. If you specify "single" we just return 1, otherwise
-     * an array of everything found. Requires that this model actually have a relation of type EE_Has_Many_Any_Relation.
-     * You can specify $default is case you haven't found the extra meta
-     *
-     * @param string  $meta_key
-     * @param boolean $single
-     * @param mixed   $default if we don't find anything, what should we return?
-     * @return mixed single value if $single; array if ! $single
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    public function get_extra_meta($meta_key, $single = false, $default = null)
-    {
-        if ($single) {
-            $result = $this->get_first_related('Extra_Meta', array(array('EXM_key' => $meta_key)));
-            if ($result instanceof EE_Extra_Meta) {
-                return $result->value();
-            }
-        } else {
-            $results = $this->get_many_related('Extra_Meta', array(array('EXM_key' => $meta_key)));
-            if ($results) {
-                $values = array();
-                foreach ($results as $result) {
-                    if ($result instanceof EE_Extra_Meta) {
-                        $values[$result->ID()] = $result->value();
-                    }
-                }
-                return $values;
-            }
-        }
-        //if nothing discovered yet return default.
-        return apply_filters(
-            'FHEE__EE_Base_Class__get_extra_meta__default_value',
-            $default,
-            $meta_key,
-            $single,
-            $this
-            );
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Returns a simple array of all the extra meta associated with this model object.
-     * If $one_of_each_key is true (Default), it will be an array of simple key-value pairs, keys being the
-     * extra meta's key, and teh value being its value. However, if there are duplicate extra meta rows with
-     * the same key, only one will be used. (eg array('foo'=>'bar','monkey'=>123))
-     * If $one_of_each_key is false, it will return an array with the top-level keys being
-     * the extra meta keys, but their values are also arrays, which have the extra-meta's ID as their sub-key, and
-     * finally the extra meta's value as each sub-value. (eg
-     * array('foo'=>array(1=>'bar',2=>'bill'),'monkey'=>array(3=>123)))
-     *
-     * @param boolean $one_of_each_key
-     * @return array
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    public function all_extra_meta_array($one_of_each_key = true)
-    {
-        $return_array = array();
-        if ($one_of_each_key) {
-            $extra_meta_objs = $this->get_many_related('Extra_Meta', array('group_by' => 'EXM_key'));
-            foreach ($extra_meta_objs as $extra_meta_obj) {
-                if ($extra_meta_obj instanceof EE_Extra_Meta) {
-                    $return_array[$extra_meta_obj->key()] = $extra_meta_obj->value();
-                }
-            }
-        } else {
-            $extra_meta_objs = $this->get_many_related('Extra_Meta');
-            foreach ($extra_meta_objs as $extra_meta_obj) {
-                if ($extra_meta_obj instanceof EE_Extra_Meta) {
-                    if ( ! isset($return_array[$extra_meta_obj->key()])) {
-                        $return_array[$extra_meta_obj->key()] = array();
-                    }
-                    $return_array[$extra_meta_obj->key()][$extra_meta_obj->ID()] = $extra_meta_obj->value();
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        return $return_array;
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Gets a pretty nice displayable nice for this model object. Often overridden
-     *
-     * @return string
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    public function name()
-    {
-        //find a field that's not a text field
-        $field_we_can_use = $this->get_model()->get_a_field_of_type('EE_Text_Field_Base');
-        if ($field_we_can_use) {
-            return $this->get($field_we_can_use->get_name());
-        } else {
-            $first_few_properties = $this->model_field_array();
-            $first_few_properties = array_slice($first_few_properties, 0, 3);
-            $name_parts = array();
-            foreach ($first_few_properties as $name => $value) {
-                $name_parts[] = "$name:$value";
-            }
-            return implode(",", $name_parts);
-        }
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * in_entity_map
-     * Checks if this model object has been proven to already be in the entity map
-     *
-     * @return boolean
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    public function in_entity_map()
-    {
-        if ($this->ID() && $this->get_model()->get_from_entity_map($this->ID()) === $this) {
-            //well, if we looked, did we find it in the entity map?
-            return true;
-        } else {
-            return false;
-        }
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * refresh_from_db
-     * Makes sure the fields and values on this model object are in-sync with what's in the database.
-     *
-     * @throws EE_Error if this model object isn't in the entity mapper (because then you should
-     * just use what's in the entity mapper and refresh it) and WP_DEBUG is TRUE
-     */
-    public function refresh_from_db()
-    {
-        if ($this->ID() && $this->in_entity_map()) {
-            $this->get_model()->refresh_entity_map_from_db($this->ID());
-        } else {
-            //if it doesn't have ID, you shouldn't be asking to refresh it from teh database (because its not in the database)
-            //if it has an ID but it's not in the map, and you're asking me to refresh it
-            //that's kinda dangerous. You should just use what's in the entity map, or add this to the entity map if there's
-            //absolutely nothing in it for this ID
-            if (WP_DEBUG) {
-                throw new EE_Error(
-                    sprintf(
-                        __('Trying to refresh a model object with ID "%1$s" that\'s not in the entity map? First off: you should put it in the entity map by calling %2$s. Second off, if you want what\'s in the database right now, you should just call %3$s yourself and discard this model object.',
-                            'event_espresso'),
-                        $this->ID(),
-                        get_class($this->get_model()) . '::instance()->add_to_entity_map()',
-                        get_class($this->get_model()) . '::instance()->refresh_entity_map()'
-                    )
-                );
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Because some other plugins, like Advanced Cron Manager, expect all objects to have this method
-     * (probably a bad assumption they have made, oh well)
-     *
-     * @return string
-     */
-    public function __toString()
-    {
-        try {
-            return sprintf('%s (%s)', $this->name(), $this->ID());
-        } catch (Exception $e) {
-            EE_Error::add_error($e->getMessage(), __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
-            return '';
-        }
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * Clear related model objects if they're already in the DB, because otherwise when we
-     * UN-serialize this model object we'll need to be careful to add them to the entity map.
-     * This means if we have made changes to those related model objects, and want to unserialize
-     * the this model object on a subsequent request, changes to those related model objects will be lost.
-     * Instead, those related model objects should be directly serialized and stored.
-     * Eg, the following won't work:
-     * $reg = EEM_Registration::instance()->get_one_by_ID( 123 );
-     * $att = $reg->attendee();
-     * $att->set( 'ATT_fname', 'Dirk' );
-     * update_option( 'my_option', serialize( $reg ) );
-     * //END REQUEST
-     * //START NEXT REQUEST
-     * $reg = get_option( 'my_option' );
-     * $reg->attendee()->save();
-     * And would need to be replace with:
-     * $reg = EEM_Registration::instance()->get_one_by_ID( 123 );
-     * $att = $reg->attendee();
-     * $att->set( 'ATT_fname', 'Dirk' );
-     * update_option( 'my_option', serialize( $reg ) );
-     * //END REQUEST
-     * //START NEXT REQUEST
-     * $att = get_option( 'my_option' );
-     * $att->save();
-     *
-     * @return array
-     * @throws \EE_Error
-     */
-    public function __sleep()
-    {
-        $model = $this->get_model();
-        foreach ($model->relation_settings() as $relation_name => $relation_obj) {
-            if ($relation_obj instanceof EE_Belongs_To_Relation) {
-                $classname = 'EE_' . $model->get_this_model_name();
-                if (
-                    $this->get_one_from_cache($relation_name) instanceof $classname
-                    && $this->get_one_from_cache($relation_name)->ID()
-                ) {
-                    $this->clear_cache($relation_name, $this->get_one_from_cache($relation_name)->ID());
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        $this->_props_n_values_provided_in_constructor = array();
-        $properties_to_serialize = get_object_vars($this);
-        //don't serialize the model. It's big and that risks recursion
-        unset($properties_to_serialize['_model']);
-        return array_keys($properties_to_serialize);
-    }
-
-
-
-    /**
-     * restore _props_n_values_provided_in_constructor
-     * PLZ NOTE: this will reset the array to whatever fields values were present prior to serialization,
-     * and therefore should NOT be used to determine if state change has occurred since initial construction.
-     * At best, you would only be able to detect if state change has occurred during THIS request.
-     */
-    public function __wakeup()
-    {
-        $this->_props_n_values_provided_in_constructor = $this->_fields;
-    }
+	/**
+	 * This is an array of the original properties and values provided during construction
+	 * of this model object. (keys are model field names, values are their values).
+	 * This list is important to remember so that when we are merging data from the db, we know
+	 * which values to override and which to not override.
+	 *
+	 * @var array
+	 */
+	protected $_props_n_values_provided_in_constructor;
+
+	/**
+	 * Timezone
+	 * This gets set by the "set_timezone()" method so that we know what timezone incoming strings|timestamps are in.
+	 * This can also be used before a get to set what timezone you want strings coming out of the object to be in.  NOT
+	 * all EE_Base_Class child classes use this property but any that use a EE_Datetime_Field data type will have
+	 * access to it.
+	 *
+	 * @var string
+	 */
+	protected $_timezone;
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * date format
+	 * pattern or format for displaying dates
+	 *
+	 * @var string $_dt_frmt
+	 */
+	protected $_dt_frmt;
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * time format
+	 * pattern or format for displaying time
+	 *
+	 * @var string $_tm_frmt
+	 */
+	protected $_tm_frmt;
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * This property is for holding a cached array of object properties indexed by property name as the key.
+	 * The purpose of this is for setting a cache on properties that may have calculated values after a
+	 * prepare_for_get.  That way the cache can be checked first and the calculated property returned instead of having
+	 * to recalculate. Used by _set_cached_property() and _get_cached_property() methods.
+	 *
+	 * @var array
+	 */
+	protected $_cached_properties = array();
+
+	/**
+	 * An array containing keys of the related model, and values are either an array of related mode objects or a
+	 * single
+	 * related model object. see the model's _model_relations. The keys should match those specified. And if the
+	 * relation is of type EE_Belongs_To (or one of its children), then there should only be ONE related model object,
+	 * all others have an array)
+	 *
+	 * @var array
+	 */
+	protected $_model_relations = array();
+
+	/**
+	 * Array where keys are field names (see the model's _fields property) and values are their values. To see what
+	 * their types should be, look at what that field object returns on its prepare_for_get and prepare_for_set methods)
+	 *
+	 * @var array
+	 */
+	protected $_fields = array();
+
+	/**
+	 * @var boolean indicating whether or not this model object is intended to ever be saved
+	 * For example, we might create model objects intended to only be used for the duration
+	 * of this request and to be thrown away, and if they were accidentally saved
+	 * it would be a bug.
+	 */
+	protected $_allow_persist = true;
+
+	/**
+	 * @var boolean indicating whether or not this model object's properties have changed since construction
+	 */
+	protected $_has_changes = false;
+
+	/**
+	 * @var EEM_Base
+	 */
+	protected $_model;
+
+
+	/**
+	 * This is a cache of results from custom selections done on a query that constructs this entity. The only purpose
+	 * for these values is for retrieval of the results, they are not further queryable and they are not persisted to
+	 * the db.  They also do not automatically update if there are any changes to the data that produced their results.
+	 * The format is a simple array of field_alias => field_value.  So for instance if a custom select was something
+	 * like,  "Select COUNT(Registration.REG_ID) as Registration_Count ...", then the resulting value will be in this
+	 * array as:
+	 * array(
+	 *  'Registration_Count' => 24
+	 * );
+	 * Note: if the custom select configuration for the query included a data type, the value will be in the data type
+	 * provided for the query (@see EventEspresso\core\domain\values\model\CustomSelects::__construct phpdocs for more
+	 * info)
+	 *
+	 * @var array
+	 */
+	protected $custom_selection_results = array();
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * basic constructor for Event Espresso classes, performs any necessary initialization, and verifies it's children
+	 * play nice
+	 *
+	 * @param array   $fieldValues                             where each key is a field (ie, array key in the 2nd
+	 *                                                         layer of the model's _fields array, (eg, EVT_ID,
+	 *                                                         TXN_amount, QST_name, etc) and values are their values
+	 * @param boolean $bydb                                    a flag for setting if the class is instantiated by the
+	 *                                                         corresponding db model or not.
+	 * @param string  $timezone                                indicate what timezone you want any datetime fields to
+	 *                                                         be in when instantiating a EE_Base_Class object.
+	 * @param array   $date_formats                            An array of date formats to set on construct where first
+	 *                                                         value is the date_format and second value is the time
+	 *                                                         format.
+	 * @throws EE_Error
+	 */
+	protected function __construct($fieldValues = array(), $bydb = false, $timezone = '', $date_formats = array())
+	{
+		$className = get_class($this);
+		do_action("AHEE__{$className}__construct", $this, $fieldValues);
+		$model = $this->get_model();
+		$model_fields = $model->field_settings(false);
+		// ensure $fieldValues is an array
+		$fieldValues = is_array($fieldValues) ? $fieldValues : array($fieldValues);
+		// EEH_Debug_Tools::printr( $fieldValues, '$fieldValues  <br /><span style="font-size:10px;font-weight:normal;">' . __FILE__ . '<br />line no: ' . __LINE__ . '</span>', 'auto' );
+		// verify client code has not passed any invalid field names
+		foreach ($fieldValues as $field_name => $field_value) {
+			if ( ! isset($model_fields[$field_name])) {
+				throw new EE_Error(sprintf(__("Invalid field (%s) passed to constructor of %s. Allowed fields are :%s",
+					"event_espresso"), $field_name, get_class($this), implode(", ", array_keys($model_fields))));
+			}
+		}
+		// EEH_Debug_Tools::printr( $model_fields, '$model_fields  <br /><span style="font-size:10px;font-weight:normal;">' . __FILE__ . '<br />line no: ' . __LINE__ . '</span>', 'auto' );
+		$this->_timezone = EEH_DTT_Helper::get_valid_timezone_string($timezone);
+		if ( ! empty($date_formats) && is_array($date_formats)) {
+			list($this->_dt_frmt, $this->_tm_frmt) = $date_formats;
+		} else {
+			//set default formats for date and time
+			$this->_dt_frmt = (string)get_option('date_format', 'Y-m-d');
+			$this->_tm_frmt = (string)get_option('time_format', 'g:i a');
+		}
+		//if db model is instantiating
+		if ($bydb) {
+			//client code has indicated these field values are from the database
+			foreach ($model_fields as $fieldName => $field) {
+				$this->set_from_db($fieldName, isset($fieldValues[$fieldName]) ? $fieldValues[$fieldName] : null);
+			}
+		} else {
+			//we're constructing a brand
+			//new instance of the model object. Generally, this means we'll need to do more field validation
+			foreach ($model_fields as $fieldName => $field) {
+				$this->set($fieldName, isset($fieldValues[$fieldName]) ? $fieldValues[$fieldName] : null, true);
+			}
+		}
+		//remember what values were passed to this constructor
+		$this->_props_n_values_provided_in_constructor = $fieldValues;
+		//remember in entity mapper
+		if ( ! $bydb && $model->has_primary_key_field() && $this->ID()) {
+			$model->add_to_entity_map($this);
+		}
+		//setup all the relations
+		foreach ($model->relation_settings() as $relation_name => $relation_obj) {
+			if ($relation_obj instanceof EE_Belongs_To_Relation) {
+				$this->_model_relations[$relation_name] = null;
+			} else {
+				$this->_model_relations[$relation_name] = array();
+			}
+		}
+		/**
+		 * Action done at the end of each model object construction
+		 *
+		 * @param EE_Base_Class $this the model object just created
+		 */
+		do_action('AHEE__EE_Base_Class__construct__finished', $this);
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Gets whether or not this model object is allowed to persist/be saved to the database.
+	 *
+	 * @return boolean
+	 */
+	public function allow_persist()
+	{
+		return $this->_allow_persist;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Sets whether or not this model object should be allowed to be saved to the DB.
+	 * Normally once this is set to FALSE you wouldn't set it back to TRUE, unless
+	 * you got new information that somehow made you change your mind.
+	 *
+	 * @param boolean $allow_persist
+	 * @return boolean
+	 */
+	public function set_allow_persist($allow_persist)
+	{
+		return $this->_allow_persist = $allow_persist;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Gets the field's original value when this object was constructed during this request.
+	 * This can be helpful when determining if a model object has changed or not
+	 *
+	 * @param string $field_name
+	 * @return mixed|null
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function get_original($field_name)
+	{
+		if (isset($this->_props_n_values_provided_in_constructor[$field_name])
+			&& $field_settings = $this->get_model()->field_settings_for($field_name)
+		) {
+			return $field_settings->prepare_for_get($this->_props_n_values_provided_in_constructor[$field_name]);
+		} else {
+			return null;
+		}
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * @param EE_Base_Class $obj
+	 * @return string
+	 */
+	public function get_class($obj)
+	{
+		return get_class($obj);
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Overrides parent because parent expects old models.
+	 * This also doesn't do any validation, and won't work for serialized arrays
+	 *
+	 * @param    string $field_name
+	 * @param    mixed  $field_value
+	 * @param bool      $use_default
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function set($field_name, $field_value, $use_default = false)
+	{
+		// if not using default and nothing has changed, and object has already been setup (has ID),
+		// then don't do anything
+		if (
+			! $use_default
+			&& $this->_fields[$field_name] === $field_value
+			&& $this->ID()
+		) {
+			return;
+		}
+		$model = $this->get_model();
+		$this->_has_changes = true;
+		$field_obj = $model->field_settings_for($field_name);
+		if ($field_obj instanceof EE_Model_Field_Base) {
+			//			if ( method_exists( $field_obj, 'set_timezone' )) {
+			if ($field_obj instanceof EE_Datetime_Field) {
+				$field_obj->set_timezone($this->_timezone);
+				$field_obj->set_date_format($this->_dt_frmt);
+				$field_obj->set_time_format($this->_tm_frmt);
+			}
+			$holder_of_value = $field_obj->prepare_for_set($field_value);
+			//should the value be null?
+			if (($field_value === null || $holder_of_value === null || $holder_of_value === '') && $use_default) {
+				$this->_fields[$field_name] = $field_obj->get_default_value();
+				/**
+				 * To save having to refactor all the models, if a default value is used for a
+				 * EE_Datetime_Field, and that value is not null nor is it a DateTime
+				 * object.  Then let's do a set again to ensure that it becomes a DateTime
+				 * object.
+				 *
+				 * @since 4.6.10+
+				 */
+				if (
+					$field_obj instanceof EE_Datetime_Field
+					&& $this->_fields[$field_name] !== null
+					&& ! $this->_fields[$field_name] instanceof DateTime
+				) {
+					empty($this->_fields[$field_name])
+						? $this->set($field_name, time())
+						: $this->set($field_name, $this->_fields[$field_name]);
+				}
+			} else {
+				$this->_fields[$field_name] = $holder_of_value;
+			}
+			//if we're not in the constructor...
+			//now check if what we set was a primary key
+			if (
+				//note: props_n_values_provided_in_constructor is only set at the END of the constructor
+				$this->_props_n_values_provided_in_constructor
+				&& $field_value
+				&& $field_name === $model->primary_key_name()
+			) {
+				//if so, we want all this object's fields to be filled either with
+				//what we've explicitly set on this model
+				//or what we have in the db
+				// echo "setting primary key!";
+				$fields_on_model = self::_get_model(get_class($this))->field_settings();
+				$obj_in_db = self::_get_model(get_class($this))->get_one_by_ID($field_value);
+				foreach ($fields_on_model as $field_obj) {
+					if ( ! array_key_exists($field_obj->get_name(), $this->_props_n_values_provided_in_constructor)
+						 && $field_obj->get_name() !== $field_name
+					) {
+						$this->set($field_obj->get_name(), $obj_in_db->get($field_obj->get_name()));
+					}
+				}
+				//oh this model object has an ID? well make sure its in the entity mapper
+				$model->add_to_entity_map($this);
+			}
+			//let's unset any cache for this field_name from the $_cached_properties property.
+			$this->_clear_cached_property($field_name);
+		} else {
+			throw new EE_Error(sprintf(__("A valid EE_Model_Field_Base could not be found for the given field name: %s",
+				"event_espresso"), $field_name));
+		}
+	}
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Set custom select values for model.
+	 * @param array $custom_select_values
+	 */
+	public function setCustomSelectsValues(array $custom_select_values)
+	{
+		$this->custom_selection_results = $custom_select_values;
+	}
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns the custom select value for the provided alias if its set.
+	 * If not set, returns null.
+	 * @param string $alias
+	 * @return string|int|float|null
+	 */
+	public function getCustomSelect($alias)
+	{
+		return isset($this->custom_selection_results[$alias])
+			? $this->custom_selection_results[$alias]
+			: null;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * This sets the field value on the db column if it exists for the given $column_name or
+	 * saves it to EE_Extra_Meta if the given $column_name does not match a db column.
+	 *
+	 * @see EE_message::get_column_value for related documentation on the necessity of this method.
+	 * @param string $field_name  Must be the exact column name.
+	 * @param mixed  $field_value The value to set.
+	 * @return int|bool @see EE_Base_Class::update_extra_meta() for return docs.
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function set_field_or_extra_meta($field_name, $field_value)
+	{
+		if ($this->get_model()->has_field($field_name)) {
+			$this->set($field_name, $field_value);
+			return true;
+		} else {
+			//ensure this object is saved first so that extra meta can be properly related.
+			$this->save();
+			return $this->update_extra_meta($field_name, $field_value);
+		}
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * This retrieves the value of the db column set on this class or if that's not present
+	 * it will attempt to retrieve from extra_meta if found.
+	 * Example Usage:
+	 * Via EE_Message child class:
+	 * Due to the dynamic nature of the EE_messages system, EE_messengers will always have a "to",
+	 * "from", "subject", and "content" field (as represented in the EE_Message schema), however they may
+	 * also have additional main fields specific to the messenger.  The system accommodates those extra
+	 * fields through the EE_Extra_Meta table.  This method allows for EE_messengers to retrieve the
+	 * value for those extra fields dynamically via the EE_message object.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string $field_name expecting the fully qualified field name.
+	 * @return mixed|null  value for the field if found.  null if not found.
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function get_field_or_extra_meta($field_name)
+	{
+		if ($this->get_model()->has_field($field_name)) {
+			$column_value = $this->get($field_name);
+		} else {
+			//This isn't a column in the main table, let's see if it is in the extra meta.
+			$column_value = $this->get_extra_meta($field_name, true, null);
+		}
+		return $column_value;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * See $_timezone property for description of what the timezone property is for.  This SETS the timezone internally
+	 * for being able to reference what timezone we are running conversions on when converting TO the internal timezone
+	 * (UTC Unix Timestamp) for the object OR when converting FROM the internal timezone (UTC Unix Timestamp). This is
+	 * available to all child classes that may be using the EE_Datetime_Field for a field data type.
+	 *
+	 * @access public
+	 * @param string $timezone A valid timezone string as described by @link http://www.php.net/manual/en/timezones.php
+	 * @return void
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function set_timezone($timezone = '')
+	{
+		$this->_timezone = EEH_DTT_Helper::get_valid_timezone_string($timezone);
+		//make sure we clear all cached properties because they won't be relevant now
+		$this->_clear_cached_properties();
+		//make sure we update field settings and the date for all EE_Datetime_Fields
+		$model_fields = $this->get_model()->field_settings(false);
+		foreach ($model_fields as $field_name => $field_obj) {
+			if ($field_obj instanceof EE_Datetime_Field) {
+				$field_obj->set_timezone($this->_timezone);
+				if (isset($this->_fields[$field_name]) && $this->_fields[$field_name] instanceof DateTime) {
+					$this->_fields[$field_name]->setTimezone(new DateTimeZone($this->_timezone));
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * This just returns whatever is set for the current timezone.
+	 *
+	 * @access public
+	 * @return string timezone string
+	 */
+	public function get_timezone()
+	{
+		return $this->_timezone;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * This sets the internal date format to what is sent in to be used as the new default for the class
+	 * internally instead of wp set date format options
+	 *
+	 * @since 4.6
+	 * @param string $format should be a format recognizable by PHP date() functions.
+	 */
+	public function set_date_format($format)
+	{
+		$this->_dt_frmt = $format;
+		//clear cached_properties because they won't be relevant now.
+		$this->_clear_cached_properties();
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * This sets the internal time format string to what is sent in to be used as the new default for the
+	 * class internally instead of wp set time format options.
+	 *
+	 * @since 4.6
+	 * @param string $format should be a format recognizable by PHP date() functions.
+	 */
+	public function set_time_format($format)
+	{
+		$this->_tm_frmt = $format;
+		//clear cached_properties because they won't be relevant now.
+		$this->_clear_cached_properties();
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * This returns the current internal set format for the date and time formats.
+	 *
+	 * @param bool $full           if true (default), then return the full format.  Otherwise will return an array
+	 *                             where the first value is the date format and the second value is the time format.
+	 * @return mixed string|array
+	 */
+	public function get_format($full = true)
+	{
+		return $full ? $this->_dt_frmt . ' ' . $this->_tm_frmt : array($this->_dt_frmt, $this->_tm_frmt);
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * cache
+	 * stores the passed model object on the current model object.
+	 * In certain circumstances, we can use this cached model object instead of querying for another one entirely.
+	 *
+	 * @param string        $relationName    one of the keys in the _model_relations array on the model. Eg
+	 *                                       'Registration' associated with this model object
+	 * @param EE_Base_Class $object_to_cache that has a relation to this model object. (Eg, if this is a Transaction,
+	 *                                       that could be a payment or a registration)
+	 * @param null          $cache_id        a string or number that will be used as the key for any Belongs_To_Many
+	 *                                       items which will be stored in an array on this object
+	 * @throws EE_Error
+	 * @return mixed    index into cache, or just TRUE if the relation is of type Belongs_To (because there's only one
+	 *                  related thing, no array)
+	 */
+	public function cache($relationName = '', $object_to_cache = null, $cache_id = null)
+	{
+		// its entirely possible that there IS no related object yet in which case there is nothing to cache.
+		if ( ! $object_to_cache instanceof EE_Base_Class) {
+			return false;
+		}
+		// also get "how" the object is related, or throw an error
+		if ( ! $relationship_to_model = $this->get_model()->related_settings_for($relationName)) {
+			throw new EE_Error(sprintf(__('There is no relationship to %s on a %s. Cannot cache it', 'event_espresso'),
+				$relationName, get_class($this)));
+		}
+		// how many things are related ?
+		if ($relationship_to_model instanceof EE_Belongs_To_Relation) {
+			// if it's a "belongs to" relationship, then there's only one related model object  eg, if this is a registration, there's only 1 attendee for it
+			// so for these model objects just set it to be cached
+			$this->_model_relations[$relationName] = $object_to_cache;
+			$return = true;
+		} else {
+			// otherwise, this is the "many" side of a one to many relationship, so we'll add the object to the array of related objects for that type.
+			// eg: if this is an event, there are many registrations for that event, so we cache the registrations in an array
+			if ( ! is_array($this->_model_relations[$relationName])) {
+				// if for some reason, the cached item is a model object, then stick that in the array, otherwise start with an empty array
+				$this->_model_relations[$relationName] = $this->_model_relations[$relationName] instanceof EE_Base_Class
+					? array($this->_model_relations[$relationName]) : array();
+			}
+			// first check for a cache_id which is normally empty
+			if ( ! empty($cache_id)) {
+				// if the cache_id exists, then it means we are purposely trying to cache this with a known key that can then be used to retrieve the object later on
+				$this->_model_relations[$relationName][$cache_id] = $object_to_cache;
+				$return = $cache_id;
+			} elseif ($object_to_cache->ID()) {
+				// OR the cached object originally came from the db, so let's just use it's PK for an ID
+				$this->_model_relations[$relationName][$object_to_cache->ID()] = $object_to_cache;
+				$return = $object_to_cache->ID();
+			} else {
+				// OR it's a new object with no ID, so just throw it in the array with an auto-incremented ID
+				$this->_model_relations[$relationName][] = $object_to_cache;
+				// move the internal pointer to the end of the array
+				end($this->_model_relations[$relationName]);
+				// and grab the key so that we can return it
+				$return = key($this->_model_relations[$relationName]);
+			}
+		}
+		return $return;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * For adding an item to the cached_properties property.
+	 *
+	 * @access protected
+	 * @param string      $fieldname the property item the corresponding value is for.
+	 * @param mixed       $value     The value we are caching.
+	 * @param string|null $cache_type
+	 * @return void
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	protected function _set_cached_property($fieldname, $value, $cache_type = null)
+	{
+		//first make sure this property exists
+		$this->get_model()->field_settings_for($fieldname);
+		$cache_type = empty($cache_type) ? 'standard' : $cache_type;
+		$this->_cached_properties[$fieldname][$cache_type] = $value;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * This returns the value cached property if it exists OR the actual property value if the cache doesn't exist.
+	 * This also SETS the cache if we return the actual property!
+	 *
+	 * @param string $fieldname        the name of the property we're trying to retrieve
+	 * @param bool   $pretty
+	 * @param string $extra_cache_ref  This allows the user to specify an extra cache ref for the given property
+	 *                                 (in cases where the same property may be used for different outputs
+	 *                                 - i.e. datetime, money etc.)
+	 *                                 It can also accept certain pre-defined "schema" strings
+	 *                                 to define how to output the property.
+	 *                                 see the field's prepare_for_pretty_echoing for what strings can be used
+	 * @return mixed                   whatever the value for the property is we're retrieving
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	protected function _get_cached_property($fieldname, $pretty = false, $extra_cache_ref = null)
+	{
+		//verify the field exists
+		$model = $this->get_model();
+		$model->field_settings_for($fieldname);
+		$cache_type = $pretty ? 'pretty' : 'standard';
+		$cache_type .= ! empty($extra_cache_ref) ? '_' . $extra_cache_ref : '';
+		if (isset($this->_cached_properties[$fieldname][$cache_type])) {
+			return $this->_cached_properties[$fieldname][$cache_type];
+		}
+		$value = $this->_get_fresh_property($fieldname, $pretty, $extra_cache_ref);
+		$this->_set_cached_property($fieldname, $value, $cache_type);
+		return $value;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * If the cache didn't fetch the needed item, this fetches it.
+	 * @param string $fieldname
+	 * @param bool $pretty
+	 * @param string $extra_cache_ref
+	 * @return mixed
+	 */
+	protected function _get_fresh_property($fieldname, $pretty = false, $extra_cache_ref = null)
+	{
+		$field_obj = $this->get_model()->field_settings_for($fieldname);
+		// If this is an EE_Datetime_Field we need to make sure timezone, formats, and output are correct
+		if ($field_obj instanceof EE_Datetime_Field) {
+			$this->_prepare_datetime_field($field_obj, $pretty, $extra_cache_ref);
+		}
+		if ( ! isset($this->_fields[$fieldname])) {
+			$this->_fields[$fieldname] = null;
+		}
+		$value = $pretty
+			? $field_obj->prepare_for_pretty_echoing($this->_fields[$fieldname], $extra_cache_ref)
+			: $field_obj->prepare_for_get($this->_fields[$fieldname]);
+		return $value;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * set timezone, formats, and output for EE_Datetime_Field objects
+	 *
+	 * @param \EE_Datetime_Field $datetime_field
+	 * @param bool               $pretty
+	 * @param null $date_or_time
+	 * @return void
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	protected function _prepare_datetime_field(
+		EE_Datetime_Field $datetime_field,
+		$pretty = false,
+		$date_or_time = null
+	) {
+		$datetime_field->set_timezone($this->_timezone);
+		$datetime_field->set_date_format($this->_dt_frmt, $pretty);
+		$datetime_field->set_time_format($this->_tm_frmt, $pretty);
+		//set the output returned
+		switch ($date_or_time) {
+			case 'D' :
+				$datetime_field->set_date_time_output('date');
+				break;
+			case 'T' :
+				$datetime_field->set_date_time_output('time');
+				break;
+			default :
+				$datetime_field->set_date_time_output();
+		}
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * This just takes care of clearing out the cached_properties
+	 *
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	protected function _clear_cached_properties()
+	{
+		$this->_cached_properties = array();
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * This just clears out ONE property if it exists in the cache
+	 *
+	 * @param  string $property_name the property to remove if it exists (from the _cached_properties array)
+	 * @return void
+	 */
+	protected function _clear_cached_property($property_name)
+	{
+		if (isset($this->_cached_properties[$property_name])) {
+			unset($this->_cached_properties[$property_name]);
+		}
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Ensures that this related thing is a model object.
+	 *
+	 * @param mixed  $object_or_id EE_base_Class/int/string either a related model object, or its ID
+	 * @param string $model_name   name of the related thing, eg 'Attendee',
+	 * @return EE_Base_Class
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	protected function ensure_related_thing_is_model_obj($object_or_id, $model_name)
+	{
+		$other_model_instance = self::_get_model_instance_with_name(
+			self::_get_model_classname($model_name),
+			$this->_timezone
+		);
+		return $other_model_instance->ensure_is_obj($object_or_id);
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Forgets the cached model of the given relation Name. So the next time we request it,
+	 * we will fetch it again from the database. (Handy if you know it's changed somehow).
+	 * If a specific object is supplied, and the relationship to it is either a HasMany or HABTM,
+	 * then only remove that one object from our cached array. Otherwise, clear the entire list
+	 *
+	 * @param string $relationName                         one of the keys in the _model_relations array on the model.
+	 *                                                     Eg 'Registration'
+	 * @param mixed  $object_to_remove_or_index_into_array or an index into the array of cached things, or NULL
+	 *                                                     if you intend to use $clear_all = TRUE, or the relation only
+	 *                                                     has 1 object anyways (ie, it's a BelongsToRelation)
+	 * @param bool   $clear_all                            This flags clearing the entire cache relation property if
+	 *                                                     this is HasMany or HABTM.
+	 * @throws EE_Error
+	 * @return EE_Base_Class | boolean from which was cleared from the cache, or true if we requested to remove a
+	 *                       relation from all
+	 */
+	public function clear_cache($relationName, $object_to_remove_or_index_into_array = null, $clear_all = false)
+	{
+		$relationship_to_model = $this->get_model()->related_settings_for($relationName);
+		$index_in_cache = '';
+		if ( ! $relationship_to_model) {
+			throw new EE_Error(
+				sprintf(
+					__("There is no relationship to %s on a %s. Cannot clear that cache", 'event_espresso'),
+					$relationName,
+					get_class($this)
+				)
+			);
+		}
+		if ($clear_all) {
+			$obj_removed = true;
+			$this->_model_relations[$relationName] = null;
+		} elseif ($relationship_to_model instanceof EE_Belongs_To_Relation) {
+			$obj_removed = $this->_model_relations[$relationName];
+			$this->_model_relations[$relationName] = null;
+		} else {
+			if ($object_to_remove_or_index_into_array instanceof EE_Base_Class
+				&& $object_to_remove_or_index_into_array->ID()
+			) {
+				$index_in_cache = $object_to_remove_or_index_into_array->ID();
+				if (is_array($this->_model_relations[$relationName])
+					&& ! isset($this->_model_relations[$relationName][$index_in_cache])
+				) {
+					$index_found_at = null;
+					//find this object in the array even though it has a different key
+					foreach ($this->_model_relations[$relationName] as $index => $obj) {
+						if (
+							$obj instanceof EE_Base_Class
+							&& (
+								$obj == $object_to_remove_or_index_into_array
+								|| $obj->ID() === $object_to_remove_or_index_into_array->ID()
+							)
+						) {
+							$index_found_at = $index;
+							break;
+						}
+					}
+					if ($index_found_at) {
+						$index_in_cache = $index_found_at;
+					} else {
+						//it wasn't found. huh. well obviously it doesn't need to be removed from teh cache
+						//if it wasn't in it to begin with. So we're done
+						return $object_to_remove_or_index_into_array;
+					}
+				}
+			} elseif ($object_to_remove_or_index_into_array instanceof EE_Base_Class) {
+				//so they provided a model object, but it's not yet saved to the DB... so let's go hunting for it!
+				foreach ($this->get_all_from_cache($relationName) as $index => $potentially_obj_we_want) {
+					if ($potentially_obj_we_want == $object_to_remove_or_index_into_array) {
+						$index_in_cache = $index;
+					}
+				}
+			} else {
+				$index_in_cache = $object_to_remove_or_index_into_array;
+			}
+			//supposedly we've found it. But it could just be that the client code
+			//provided a bad index/object
+			if (
+			isset(
+				$this->_model_relations[$relationName],
+				$this->_model_relations[$relationName][$index_in_cache]
+			)
+			) {
+				$obj_removed = $this->_model_relations[$relationName][$index_in_cache];
+				unset($this->_model_relations[$relationName][$index_in_cache]);
+			} else {
+				//that thing was never cached anyways.
+				$obj_removed = null;
+			}
+		}
+		return $obj_removed;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * update_cache_after_object_save
+	 * Allows a cached item to have it's cache ID (within the array of cached items) reset using the new ID it has
+	 * obtained after being saved to the db
+	 *
+	 * @param string         $relationName       - the type of object that is cached
+	 * @param \EE_Base_Class $newly_saved_object - the newly saved object to be re-cached
+	 * @param string         $current_cache_id   - the ID that was used when originally caching the object
+	 * @return boolean TRUE on success, FALSE on fail
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function update_cache_after_object_save(
+		$relationName,
+		EE_Base_Class $newly_saved_object,
+		$current_cache_id = ''
+	) {
+		// verify that incoming object is of the correct type
+		$obj_class = 'EE_' . $relationName;
+		if ($newly_saved_object instanceof $obj_class) {
+			/* @type EE_Base_Class $newly_saved_object */
+			// now get the type of relation
+			$relationship_to_model = $this->get_model()->related_settings_for($relationName);
+			// if this is a 1:1 relationship
+			if ($relationship_to_model instanceof EE_Belongs_To_Relation) {
+				// then just replace the cached object with the newly saved object
+				$this->_model_relations[$relationName] = $newly_saved_object;
+				return true;
+				// or if it's some kind of sordid feral polyamorous relationship...
+			} elseif (is_array($this->_model_relations[$relationName])
+					  && isset($this->_model_relations[$relationName][$current_cache_id])
+			) {
+				// then remove the current cached item
+				unset($this->_model_relations[$relationName][$current_cache_id]);
+				// and cache the newly saved object using it's new ID
+				$this->_model_relations[$relationName][$newly_saved_object->ID()] = $newly_saved_object;
+				return true;
+			}
+		}
+		return false;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Fetches a single EE_Base_Class on that relation. (If the relation is of type
+	 * BelongsTo, it will only ever have 1 object. However, other relations could have an array of objects)
+	 *
+	 * @param string $relationName
+	 * @return EE_Base_Class
+	 */
+	public function get_one_from_cache($relationName)
+	{
+		$cached_array_or_object = isset($this->_model_relations[$relationName]) ? $this->_model_relations[$relationName]
+			: null;
+		if (is_array($cached_array_or_object)) {
+			return array_shift($cached_array_or_object);
+		} else {
+			return $cached_array_or_object;
+		}
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Fetches a single EE_Base_Class on that relation. (If the relation is of type
+	 * BelongsTo, it will only ever have 1 object. However, other relations could have an array of objects)
+	 *
+	 * @param string $relationName
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 * @return EE_Base_Class[] NOT necessarily indexed by primary keys
+	 */
+	public function get_all_from_cache($relationName)
+	{
+		$objects = isset($this->_model_relations[$relationName]) ? $this->_model_relations[$relationName] : array();
+		// if the result is not an array, but exists, make it an array
+		$objects = is_array($objects) ? $objects : array($objects);
+		//bugfix for https://events.codebasehq.com/projects/event-espresso/tickets/7143
+		//basically, if this model object was stored in the session, and these cached model objects
+		//already have IDs, let's make sure they're in their model's entity mapper
+		//otherwise we will have duplicates next time we call
+		// EE_Registry::instance()->load_model( $relationName )->get_one_by_ID( $result->ID() );
+		$model = EE_Registry::instance()->load_model($relationName);
+		foreach ($objects as $model_object) {
+			if ($model instanceof EEM_Base && $model_object instanceof EE_Base_Class) {
+				//ensure its in the map if it has an ID; otherwise it will be added to the map when its saved
+				if ($model_object->ID()) {
+					$model->add_to_entity_map($model_object);
+				}
+			} else {
+				throw new EE_Error(
+					sprintf(
+						__(
+							'Error retrieving related model objects. Either $1%s is not a model or $2%s is not a model object',
+							'event_espresso'
+						),
+						$relationName,
+						gettype($model_object)
+					)
+				);
+			}
+		}
+		return $objects;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns the next x number of EE_Base_Class objects in sequence from this object as found in the database
+	 * matching the given query conditions.
+	 *
+	 * @param null  $field_to_order_by  What field is being used as the reference point.
+	 * @param int   $limit              How many objects to return.
+	 * @param array $query_params       Any additional conditions on the query.
+	 * @param null  $columns_to_select  If left null, then an array of EE_Base_Class objects is returned, otherwise
+	 *                                  you can indicate just the columns you want returned
+	 * @return array|EE_Base_Class[]
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function next_x($field_to_order_by = null, $limit = 1, $query_params = array(), $columns_to_select = null)
+	{
+		$model = $this->get_model();
+		$field = empty($field_to_order_by) && $model->has_primary_key_field()
+			? $model->get_primary_key_field()->get_name()
+			: $field_to_order_by;
+		$current_value = ! empty($field) ? $this->get($field) : null;
+		if (empty($field) || empty($current_value)) {
+			return array();
+		}
+		return $model->next_x($current_value, $field, $limit, $query_params, $columns_to_select);
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns the previous x number of EE_Base_Class objects in sequence from this object as found in the database
+	 * matching the given query conditions.
+	 *
+	 * @param null  $field_to_order_by  What field is being used as the reference point.
+	 * @param int   $limit              How many objects to return.
+	 * @param array $query_params       Any additional conditions on the query.
+	 * @param null  $columns_to_select  If left null, then an array of EE_Base_Class objects is returned, otherwise
+	 *                                  you can indicate just the columns you want returned
+	 * @return array|EE_Base_Class[]
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function previous_x(
+		$field_to_order_by = null,
+		$limit = 1,
+		$query_params = array(),
+		$columns_to_select = null
+	) {
+		$model = $this->get_model();
+		$field = empty($field_to_order_by) && $model->has_primary_key_field()
+			? $model->get_primary_key_field()->get_name()
+			: $field_to_order_by;
+		$current_value = ! empty($field) ? $this->get($field) : null;
+		if (empty($field) || empty($current_value)) {
+			return array();
+		}
+		return $model->previous_x($current_value, $field, $limit, $query_params, $columns_to_select);
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns the next EE_Base_Class object in sequence from this object as found in the database
+	 * matching the given query conditions.
+	 *
+	 * @param null  $field_to_order_by  What field is being used as the reference point.
+	 * @param array $query_params       Any additional conditions on the query.
+	 * @param null  $columns_to_select  If left null, then an array of EE_Base_Class objects is returned, otherwise
+	 *                                  you can indicate just the columns you want returned
+	 * @return array|EE_Base_Class
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function next($field_to_order_by = null, $query_params = array(), $columns_to_select = null)
+	{
+		$model = $this->get_model();
+		$field = empty($field_to_order_by) && $model->has_primary_key_field()
+			? $model->get_primary_key_field()->get_name()
+			: $field_to_order_by;
+		$current_value = ! empty($field) ? $this->get($field) : null;
+		if (empty($field) || empty($current_value)) {
+			return array();
+		}
+		return $model->next($current_value, $field, $query_params, $columns_to_select);
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns the previous EE_Base_Class object in sequence from this object as found in the database
+	 * matching the given query conditions.
+	 *
+	 * @param null  $field_to_order_by  What field is being used as the reference point.
+	 * @param array $query_params       Any additional conditions on the query.
+	 * @param null  $columns_to_select  If left null, then an EE_Base_Class object is returned, otherwise
+	 *                                  you can indicate just the column you want returned
+	 * @return array|EE_Base_Class
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function previous($field_to_order_by = null, $query_params = array(), $columns_to_select = null)
+	{
+		$model = $this->get_model();
+		$field = empty($field_to_order_by) && $model->has_primary_key_field()
+			? $model->get_primary_key_field()->get_name()
+			: $field_to_order_by;
+		$current_value = ! empty($field) ? $this->get($field) : null;
+		if (empty($field) || empty($current_value)) {
+			return array();
+		}
+		return $model->previous($current_value, $field, $query_params, $columns_to_select);
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Overrides parent because parent expects old models.
+	 * This also doesn't do any validation, and won't work for serialized arrays
+	 *
+	 * @param string $field_name
+	 * @param mixed  $field_value_from_db
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function set_from_db($field_name, $field_value_from_db)
+	{
+		$field_obj = $this->get_model()->field_settings_for($field_name);
+		if ($field_obj instanceof EE_Model_Field_Base) {
+			//you would think the DB has no NULLs for non-null label fields right? wrong!
+			//eg, a CPT model object could have an entry in the posts table, but no
+			//entry in the meta table. Meaning that all its columns in the meta table
+			//are null! yikes! so when we find one like that, use defaults for its meta columns
+			if ($field_value_from_db === null) {
+				if ($field_obj->is_nullable()) {
+					//if the field allows nulls, then let it be null
+					$field_value = null;
+				} else {
+					$field_value = $field_obj->get_default_value();
+				}
+			} else {
+				$field_value = $field_obj->prepare_for_set_from_db($field_value_from_db);
+			}
+			$this->_fields[$field_name] = $field_value;
+			$this->_clear_cached_property($field_name);
+		}
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * verifies that the specified field is of the correct type
+	 *
+	 * @param string $field_name
+	 * @param string $extra_cache_ref This allows the user to specify an extra cache ref for the given property
+	 *                                (in cases where the same property may be used for different outputs
+	 *                                - i.e. datetime, money etc.)
+	 * @return mixed
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function get($field_name, $extra_cache_ref = null)
+	{
+		return $this->_get_cached_property($field_name, false, $extra_cache_ref);
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * This method simply returns the RAW unprocessed value for the given property in this class
+	 *
+	 * @param  string $field_name A valid fieldname
+	 * @return mixed              Whatever the raw value stored on the property is.
+	 * @throws EE_Error if fieldSettings is misconfigured or the field doesn't exist.
+	 */
+	public function get_raw($field_name)
+	{
+		$field_settings = $this->get_model()->field_settings_for($field_name);
+		return $field_settings instanceof EE_Datetime_Field && $this->_fields[$field_name] instanceof DateTime
+			? $this->_fields[$field_name]->format('U')
+			: $this->_fields[$field_name];
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * This is used to return the internal DateTime object used for a field that is a
+	 * EE_Datetime_Field.
+	 *
+	 * @param string $field_name               The field name retrieving the DateTime object.
+	 * @return mixed null | false | DateTime  If the requested field is NOT a EE_Datetime_Field then
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 *                                         an error is set and false returned.  If the field IS an
+	 *                                         EE_Datetime_Field and but the field value is null, then
+	 *                                         just null is returned (because that indicates that likely
+	 *                                         this field is nullable).
+	 */
+	public function get_DateTime_object($field_name)
+	{
+		$field_settings = $this->get_model()->field_settings_for($field_name);
+		if ( ! $field_settings instanceof EE_Datetime_Field) {
+			EE_Error::add_error(
+				sprintf(
+					__(
+						'The field %s is not an EE_Datetime_Field field.  There is no DateTime object stored on this field type.',
+						'event_espresso'
+					),
+					$field_name
+				),
+				__FILE__,
+				__FUNCTION__,
+				__LINE__
+			);
+			return false;
+		}
+		return $this->_fields[$field_name];
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * To be used in template to immediately echo out the value, and format it for output.
+	 * Eg, should call stripslashes and whatnot before echoing
+	 *
+	 * @param string $field_name      the name of the field as it appears in the DB
+	 * @param string $extra_cache_ref This allows the user to specify an extra cache ref for the given property
+	 *                                (in cases where the same property may be used for different outputs
+	 *                                - i.e. datetime, money etc.)
+	 * @return void
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function e($field_name, $extra_cache_ref = null)
+	{
+		echo $this->get_pretty($field_name, $extra_cache_ref);
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Exactly like e(), echoes out the field, but sets its schema to 'form_input', so that it
+	 * can be easily used as the value of form input.
+	 *
+	 * @param string $field_name
+	 * @return void
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function f($field_name)
+	{
+		$this->e($field_name, 'form_input');
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Same as `f()` but just returns the value instead of echoing it
+	 * @param string $field_name
+	 * @return string
+	 */
+	public function get_f($field_name)
+	{
+		return (string)$this->get_pretty($field_name,'form_input');
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Gets a pretty view of the field's value. $extra_cache_ref can specify different formats for this.
+	 * The $extra_cache_ref will be passed to the model field's prepare_for_pretty_echoing, so consult the field's class
+	 * to see what options are available.
+	 * @param string $field_name
+	 * @param string $extra_cache_ref This allows the user to specify an extra cache ref for the given property
+	 *                                (in cases where the same property may be used for different outputs
+	 *                                - i.e. datetime, money etc.)
+	 * @return mixed
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function get_pretty($field_name, $extra_cache_ref = null)
+	{
+		return $this->_get_cached_property($field_name, true, $extra_cache_ref);
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * This simply returns the datetime for the given field name
+	 * Note: this protected function is called by the wrapper get_date or get_time or get_datetime functions
+	 * (and the equivalent e_date, e_time, e_datetime).
+	 *
+	 * @access   protected
+	 * @param string   $field_name   Field on the instantiated EE_Base_Class child object
+	 * @param string   $dt_frmt      valid datetime format used for date
+	 *                               (if '' then we just use the default on the field,
+	 *                               if NULL we use the last-used format)
+	 * @param string   $tm_frmt      Same as above except this is for time format
+	 * @param string   $date_or_time if NULL then both are returned, otherwise "D" = only date and "T" = only time.
+	 * @param  boolean $echo         Whether the dtt is echoing using pretty echoing or just returned using vanilla get
+	 * @return string|bool|EE_Error string on success, FALSE on fail, or EE_Error Exception is thrown
+	 *                               if field is not a valid dtt field, or void if echoing
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	protected function _get_datetime($field_name, $dt_frmt = '', $tm_frmt = '', $date_or_time = '', $echo = false)
+	{
+		// clear cached property
+		$this->_clear_cached_property($field_name);
+		//reset format properties because they are used in get()
+		$this->_dt_frmt = $dt_frmt !== '' ? $dt_frmt : $this->_dt_frmt;
+		$this->_tm_frmt = $tm_frmt !== '' ? $tm_frmt : $this->_tm_frmt;
+		if ($echo) {
+			$this->e($field_name, $date_or_time);
+			return '';
+		}
+		return $this->get($field_name, $date_or_time);
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * below are wrapper functions for the various datetime outputs that can be obtained for JUST returning the date
+	 * portion of a datetime value. (note the only difference between get_ and e_ is one returns the value and the
+	 * other echoes the pretty value for dtt)
+	 *
+	 * @param  string $field_name name of model object datetime field holding the value
+	 * @param  string $format     format for the date returned (if NULL we use default in dt_frmt property)
+	 * @return string            datetime value formatted
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function get_date($field_name, $format = '')
+	{
+		return $this->_get_datetime($field_name, $format, null, 'D');
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * @param      $field_name
+	 * @param string $format
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function e_date($field_name, $format = '')
+	{
+		$this->_get_datetime($field_name, $format, null, 'D', true);
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * below are wrapper functions for the various datetime outputs that can be obtained for JUST returning the time
+	 * portion of a datetime value. (note the only difference between get_ and e_ is one returns the value and the
+	 * other echoes the pretty value for dtt)
+	 *
+	 * @param  string $field_name name of model object datetime field holding the value
+	 * @param  string $format     format for the time returned ( if NULL we use default in tm_frmt property)
+	 * @return string             datetime value formatted
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function get_time($field_name, $format = '')
+	{
+		return $this->_get_datetime($field_name, null, $format, 'T');
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * @param      $field_name
+	 * @param string $format
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function e_time($field_name, $format = '')
+	{
+		$this->_get_datetime($field_name, null, $format, 'T', true);
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * below are wrapper functions for the various datetime outputs that can be obtained for returning the date AND
+	 * time portion of a datetime value. (note the only difference between get_ and e_ is one returns the value and the
+	 * other echoes the pretty value for dtt)
+	 *
+	 * @param  string $field_name name of model object datetime field holding the value
+	 * @param  string $dt_frmt    format for the date returned (if NULL we use default in dt_frmt property)
+	 * @param  string $tm_frmt    format for the time returned (if NULL we use default in tm_frmt property)
+	 * @return string             datetime value formatted
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function get_datetime($field_name, $dt_frmt = '', $tm_frmt = '')
+	{
+		return $this->_get_datetime($field_name, $dt_frmt, $tm_frmt);
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * @param string $field_name
+	 * @param string $dt_frmt
+	 * @param string $tm_frmt
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function e_datetime($field_name, $dt_frmt = '', $tm_frmt = '')
+	{
+		$this->_get_datetime($field_name, $dt_frmt, $tm_frmt, null, true);
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Get the i8ln value for a date using the WordPress @see date_i18n function.
+	 *
+	 * @param string $field_name The EE_Datetime_Field reference for the date being retrieved.
+	 * @param string $format     PHP valid date/time string format.  If none is provided then the internal set format
+	 *                           on the object will be used.
+	 * @return string Date and time string in set locale or false if no field exists for the given
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 *                           field name.
+	 */
+	public function get_i18n_datetime($field_name, $format = '')
+	{
+		$format = empty($format) ? $this->_dt_frmt . ' ' . $this->_tm_frmt : $format;
+		return date_i18n(
+			$format,
+			EEH_DTT_Helper::get_timestamp_with_offset($this->get_raw($field_name), $this->_timezone)
+		);
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * This method validates whether the given field name is a valid field on the model object as well as it is of a
+	 * type EE_Datetime_Field.  On success there will be returned the field settings.  On fail an EE_Error exception is
+	 * thrown.
+	 *
+	 * @param  string $field_name The field name being checked
+	 * @throws EE_Error
+	 * @return EE_Datetime_Field
+	 */
+	protected function _get_dtt_field_settings($field_name)
+	{
+		$field = $this->get_model()->field_settings_for($field_name);
+		//check if field is dtt
+		if ($field instanceof EE_Datetime_Field) {
+			return $field;
+		} else {
+			throw new EE_Error(sprintf(__('The field name "%s" has been requested for the EE_Base_Class datetime functions and it is not a valid EE_Datetime_Field.  Please check the spelling of the field and make sure it has been setup as a EE_Datetime_Field in the %s model constructor',
+				'event_espresso'), $field_name, self::_get_model_classname(get_class($this))));
+		}
+	}
+
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * NOTE ABOUT BELOW:
+	 * These convenience date and time setters are for setting date and time independently.  In other words you might
+	 * want to change the time on a datetime_field but leave the date the same (or vice versa). IF on the other hand
+	 * you want to set both date and time at the same time, you can just use the models default set($fieldname,$value)
+	 * method and make sure you send the entire datetime value for setting.
+	 */
+	/**
+	 * sets the time on a datetime property
+	 *
+	 * @access protected
+	 * @param string|Datetime $time      a valid time string for php datetime functions (or DateTime object)
+	 * @param string          $fieldname the name of the field the time is being set on (must match a EE_Datetime_Field)
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	protected function _set_time_for($time, $fieldname)
+	{
+		$this->_set_date_time('T', $time, $fieldname);
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * sets the date on a datetime property
+	 *
+	 * @access protected
+	 * @param string|DateTime $date      a valid date string for php datetime functions ( or DateTime object)
+	 * @param string          $fieldname the name of the field the date is being set on (must match a EE_Datetime_Field)
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	protected function _set_date_for($date, $fieldname)
+	{
+		$this->_set_date_time('D', $date, $fieldname);
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * This takes care of setting a date or time independently on a given model object property. This method also
+	 * verifies that the given fieldname matches a model object property and is for a EE_Datetime_Field field
+	 *
+	 * @access protected
+	 * @param string          $what           "T" for time, 'B' for both, 'D' for Date.
+	 * @param string|DateTime $datetime_value A valid Date or Time string (or DateTime object)
+	 * @param string          $fieldname      the name of the field the date OR time is being set on (must match a
+	 *                                        EE_Datetime_Field property)
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	protected function _set_date_time($what = 'T', $datetime_value, $fieldname)
+	{
+		$field = $this->_get_dtt_field_settings($fieldname);
+		$field->set_timezone($this->_timezone);
+		$field->set_date_format($this->_dt_frmt);
+		$field->set_time_format($this->_tm_frmt);
+		switch ($what) {
+			case 'T' :
+				$this->_fields[$fieldname] = $field->prepare_for_set_with_new_time(
+					$datetime_value,
+					$this->_fields[$fieldname]
+				);
+				break;
+			case 'D' :
+				$this->_fields[$fieldname] = $field->prepare_for_set_with_new_date(
+					$datetime_value,
+					$this->_fields[$fieldname]
+				);
+				break;
+			case 'B' :
+				$this->_fields[$fieldname] = $field->prepare_for_set($datetime_value);
+				break;
+		}
+		$this->_clear_cached_property($fieldname);
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * This will return a timestamp for the website timezone but ONLY when the current website timezone is different
+	 * than the timezone set for the website. NOTE, this currently only works well with methods that return values.  If
+	 * you use it with methods that echo values the $_timestamp property may not get reset to its original value and
+	 * that could lead to some unexpected results!
+	 *
+	 * @access public
+	 * @param string               $field_name This is the name of the field on the object that contains the date/time
+	 *                                         value being returned.
+	 * @param string               $callback   must match a valid method in this class (defaults to get_datetime)
+	 * @param mixed (array|string) $args       This is the arguments that will be passed to the callback.
+	 * @param string               $prepend    You can include something to prepend on the timestamp
+	 * @param string               $append     You can include something to append on the timestamp
+	 * @throws EE_Error
+	 * @return string timestamp
+	 */
+	public function display_in_my_timezone(
+		$field_name,
+		$callback = 'get_datetime',
+		$args = null,
+		$prepend = '',
+		$append = ''
+	) {
+		$timezone = EEH_DTT_Helper::get_timezone();
+		if ($timezone === $this->_timezone) {
+			return '';
+		}
+		$original_timezone = $this->_timezone;
+		$this->set_timezone($timezone);
+		$fn = (array)$field_name;
+		$args = array_merge($fn, (array)$args);
+		if ( ! method_exists($this, $callback)) {
+			throw new EE_Error(
+				sprintf(
+					__(
+						'The method named "%s" given as the callback param in "display_in_my_timezone" does not exist.  Please check your spelling',
+						'event_espresso'
+					),
+					$callback
+				)
+			);
+		}
+		$args = (array)$args;
+		$return = $prepend . call_user_func_array(array($this, $callback), $args) . $append;
+		$this->set_timezone($original_timezone);
+		return $return;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Deletes this model object.
+	 * This calls the `EE_Base_Class::_delete` method.  Child classes wishing to change default behaviour should
+	 * override
+	 * `EE_Base_Class::_delete` NOT this class.
+	 *
+	 * @return boolean | int
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function delete()
+	{
+		/**
+		 * Called just before the `EE_Base_Class::_delete` method call.
+		 * Note: `EE_Base_Class::_delete` might be overridden by child classes so any client code hooking into these actions
+		 * should be aware that `_delete` may not always result in a permanent delete.  For example, `EE_Soft_Delete_Base_Class::_delete`
+		 * soft deletes (trash) the object and does not permanently delete it.
+		 *
+		 * @param EE_Base_Class $model_object about to be 'deleted'
+		 */
+		do_action('AHEE__EE_Base_Class__delete__before', $this);
+		$result = $this->_delete();
+		/**
+		 * Called just after the `EE_Base_Class::_delete` method call.
+		 * Note: `EE_Base_Class::_delete` might be overridden by child classes so any client code hooking into these actions
+		 * should be aware that `_delete` may not always result in a permanent delete.  For example `EE_Soft_Base_Class::_delete`
+		 * soft deletes (trash) the object and does not permanently delete it.
+		 *
+		 * @param EE_Base_Class $model_object that was just 'deleted'
+		 * @param boolean       $result
+		 */
+		do_action('AHEE__EE_Base_Class__delete__end', $this, $result);
+		return $result;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Calls the specific delete method for the instantiated class.
+	 * This method is called by the public `EE_Base_Class::delete` method.  Any child classes desiring to override
+	 * default functionality for "delete" (which is to call `permanently_delete`) should override this method NOT
+	 * `EE_Base_Class::delete`
+	 *
+	 * @return bool|int
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	protected function _delete()
+	{
+		return $this->delete_permanently();
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Deletes this model object permanently from db (but keep in mind related models my block the delete and return an
+	 * error)
+	 *
+	 * @return bool | int
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function delete_permanently()
+	{
+		/**
+		 * Called just before HARD deleting a model object
+		 *
+		 * @param EE_Base_Class $model_object about to be 'deleted'
+		 */
+		do_action('AHEE__EE_Base_Class__delete_permanently__before', $this);
+		$model = $this->get_model();
+		$result = $model->delete_permanently_by_ID($this->ID());
+		$this->refresh_cache_of_related_objects();
+		/**
+		 * Called just after HARD deleting a model object
+		 *
+		 * @param EE_Base_Class $model_object that was just 'deleted'
+		 * @param boolean       $result
+		 */
+		do_action('AHEE__EE_Base_Class__delete_permanently__end', $this, $result);
+		return $result;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * When this model object is deleted, it may still be cached on related model objects. This clears the cache of
+	 * related model objects
+	 *
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function refresh_cache_of_related_objects()
+	{
+		$model = $this->get_model();
+		foreach ($model->relation_settings() as $relation_name => $relation_obj) {
+			if ( ! empty($this->_model_relations[$relation_name])) {
+				$related_objects = $this->_model_relations[$relation_name];
+				if ($relation_obj instanceof EE_Belongs_To_Relation) {
+					//this relation only stores a single model object, not an array
+					//but let's make it consistent
+					$related_objects = array($related_objects);
+				}
+				foreach ($related_objects as $related_object) {
+					//only refresh their cache if they're in memory
+					if ($related_object instanceof EE_Base_Class) {
+						$related_object->clear_cache($model->get_this_model_name(), $this);
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 *        Saves this object to the database. An array may be supplied to set some values on this
+	 * object just before saving.
+	 *
+	 * @access public
+	 * @param array $set_cols_n_values keys are field names, values are their new values,
+	 *                                 if provided during the save() method (often client code will change the fields'
+	 *                                 values before calling save)
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 * @return int , 1 on a successful update, the ID of the new entry on insert; 0 on failure or if the model object
+	 *                                 isn't allowed to persist (as determined by EE_Base_Class::allow_persist())
+	 */
+	public function save($set_cols_n_values = array())
+	{
+		$model = $this->get_model();
+		/**
+		 * Filters the fields we're about to save on the model object
+		 *
+		 * @param array         $set_cols_n_values
+		 * @param EE_Base_Class $model_object
+		 */
+		$set_cols_n_values = (array)apply_filters('FHEE__EE_Base_Class__save__set_cols_n_values', $set_cols_n_values,
+			$this);
+		//set attributes as provided in $set_cols_n_values
+		foreach ($set_cols_n_values as $column => $value) {
+			$this->set($column, $value);
+		}
+		// no changes ? then don't do anything
+		if (! $this->_has_changes && $this->ID() && $model->get_primary_key_field()->is_auto_increment()) {
+			return 0;
+		}
+		/**
+		 * Saving a model object.
+		 * Before we perform a save, this action is fired.
+		 *
+		 * @param EE_Base_Class $model_object the model object about to be saved.
+		 */
+		do_action('AHEE__EE_Base_Class__save__begin', $this);
+		if ( ! $this->allow_persist()) {
+			return 0;
+		}
+		//now get current attribute values
+		$save_cols_n_values = $this->_fields;
+		//if the object already has an ID, update it. Otherwise, insert it
+		//also: change the assumption about values passed to the model NOT being prepare dby the model object. They have been
+		$old_assumption_concerning_value_preparation = $model
+															->get_assumption_concerning_values_already_prepared_by_model_object();
+		$model->assume_values_already_prepared_by_model_object(true);
+		//does this model have an autoincrement PK?
+		if ($model->has_primary_key_field()) {
+			if ($model->get_primary_key_field()->is_auto_increment()) {
+				//ok check if it's set, if so: update; if not, insert
+				if ( ! empty($save_cols_n_values[$model->primary_key_name()])) {
+					$results = $model->update_by_ID($save_cols_n_values, $this->ID());
+				} else {
+					unset($save_cols_n_values[$model->primary_key_name()]);
+					$results = $model->insert($save_cols_n_values);
+					if ($results) {
+						//if successful, set the primary key
+						//but don't use the normal SET method, because it will check if
+						//an item with the same ID exists in the mapper & db, then
+						//will find it in the db (because we just added it) and THAT object
+						//will get added to the mapper before we can add this one!
+						//but if we just avoid using the SET method, all that headache can be avoided
+						$pk_field_name = $model->primary_key_name();
+						$this->_fields[$pk_field_name] = $results;
+						$this->_clear_cached_property($pk_field_name);
+						$model->add_to_entity_map($this);
+						$this->_update_cached_related_model_objs_fks();
+					}
+				}
+			} else {//PK is NOT auto-increment
+				//so check if one like it already exists in the db
+				if ($model->exists_by_ID($this->ID())) {
+					if (WP_DEBUG && ! $this->in_entity_map()) {
+						throw new EE_Error(
+							sprintf(
+								__('Using a model object %1$s that is NOT in the entity map, can lead to unexpected errors. You should either: %4$s 1. Put it in the entity mapper by calling %2$s %4$s 2. Discard this model object and use what is in the entity mapper %4$s 3. Fetch from the database using %3$s',
+									'event_espresso'),
+								get_class($this),
+								get_class($model) . '::instance()->add_to_entity_map()',
+								get_class($model) . '::instance()->get_one_by_ID()',
+								'<br />'
+							)
+						);
+					}
+					$results = $model->update_by_ID($save_cols_n_values, $this->ID());
+				} else {
+					$results = $model->insert($save_cols_n_values);
+					$this->_update_cached_related_model_objs_fks();
+				}
+			}
+		} else {//there is NO primary key
+			$already_in_db = false;
+			foreach ($model->unique_indexes() as $index) {
+				$uniqueness_where_params = array_intersect_key($save_cols_n_values, $index->fields());
+				if ($model->exists(array($uniqueness_where_params))) {
+					$already_in_db = true;
+				}
+			}
+			if ($already_in_db) {
+				$combined_pk_fields_n_values = array_intersect_key($save_cols_n_values,
+					$model->get_combined_primary_key_fields());
+				$results = $model->update($save_cols_n_values, $combined_pk_fields_n_values);
+			} else {
+				$results = $model->insert($save_cols_n_values);
+			}
+		}
+		//restore the old assumption about values being prepared by the model object
+		$model
+			 ->assume_values_already_prepared_by_model_object($old_assumption_concerning_value_preparation);
+		/**
+		 * After saving the model object this action is called
+		 *
+		 * @param EE_Base_Class $model_object which was just saved
+		 * @param boolean|int   $results      if it were updated, TRUE or FALSE; if it were newly inserted
+		 *                                    the new ID (or 0 if an error occurred and it wasn't updated)
+		 */
+		do_action('AHEE__EE_Base_Class__save__end', $this, $results);
+		$this->_has_changes = false;
+		return $results;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Updates the foreign key on related models objects pointing to this to have this model object's ID
+	 * as their foreign key.  If the cached related model objects already exist in the db, saves them (so that the DB
+	 * is consistent) Especially useful in case we JUST added this model object ot the database and we want to let its
+	 * cached relations with foreign keys to it know about that change. Eg: we've created a transaction but haven't
+	 * saved it to the db. We also create a registration and don't save it to the DB, but we DO cache it on the
+	 * transaction. Now, when we save the transaction, the registration's TXN_ID will be automatically updated, whether
+	 * or not they exist in the DB (if they do, their DB records will be automatically updated)
+	 *
+	 * @return void
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	protected function _update_cached_related_model_objs_fks()
+	{
+		$model = $this->get_model();
+		foreach ($model->relation_settings() as $relation_name => $relation_obj) {
+			if ($relation_obj instanceof EE_Has_Many_Relation) {
+				foreach ($this->get_all_from_cache($relation_name) as $related_model_obj_in_cache) {
+					$fk_to_this = $related_model_obj_in_cache->get_model()->get_foreign_key_to(
+						$model->get_this_model_name()
+					);
+					$related_model_obj_in_cache->set($fk_to_this->get_name(), $this->ID());
+					if ($related_model_obj_in_cache->ID()) {
+						$related_model_obj_in_cache->save();
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Saves this model object and its NEW cached relations to the database.
+	 * (Meaning, for now, IT DOES NOT WORK if the cached items already exist in the DB.
+	 * In order for that to work, we would need to mark model objects as dirty/clean...
+	 * because otherwise, there's a potential for infinite looping of saving
+	 * Saves the cached related model objects, and ensures the relation between them
+	 * and this object and properly setup
+	 *
+	 * @return int ID of new model object on save; 0 on failure+
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function save_new_cached_related_model_objs()
+	{
+		//make sure this has been saved
+		if ( ! $this->ID()) {
+			$id = $this->save();
+		} else {
+			$id = $this->ID();
+		}
+		//now save all the NEW cached model objects  (ie they don't exist in the DB)
+		foreach ($this->get_model()->relation_settings() as $relationName => $relationObj) {
+			if ($this->_model_relations[$relationName]) {
+				//is this a relation where we should expect just ONE related object (ie, EE_Belongs_To_relation)
+				//or MANY related objects (ie, EE_HABTM_Relation or EE_Has_Many_Relation)?
+				if ($relationObj instanceof EE_Belongs_To_Relation) {
+					//add a relation to that relation type (which saves the appropriate thing in the process)
+					//but ONLY if it DOES NOT exist in the DB
+					/* @var $related_model_obj EE_Base_Class */
+					$related_model_obj = $this->_model_relations[$relationName];
+					//					if( ! $related_model_obj->ID()){
+					$this->_add_relation_to($related_model_obj, $relationName);
+					$related_model_obj->save_new_cached_related_model_objs();
+					//					}
+				} else {
+					foreach ($this->_model_relations[$relationName] as $related_model_obj) {
+						//add a relation to that relation type (which saves the appropriate thing in the process)
+						//but ONLY if it DOES NOT exist in the DB
+						//						if( ! $related_model_obj->ID()){
+						$this->_add_relation_to($related_model_obj, $relationName);
+						$related_model_obj->save_new_cached_related_model_objs();
+						//						}
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		return $id;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * for getting a model while instantiated.
+	 *
+	 * @return \EEM_Base | \EEM_CPT_Base
+	 */
+	public function get_model()
+	{
+		if( ! $this->_model){
+			$modelName = self::_get_model_classname(get_class($this));
+			$this->_model = self::_get_model_instance_with_name($modelName, $this->_timezone);
+		} else {
+			$this->_model->set_timezone($this->_timezone);
+		}
+
+		return $this->_model;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * @param $props_n_values
+	 * @param $classname
+	 * @return mixed bool|EE_Base_Class|EEM_CPT_Base
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	protected static function _get_object_from_entity_mapper($props_n_values, $classname)
+	{
+		//TODO: will not work for Term_Relationships because they have no PK!
+		$primary_id_ref = self::_get_primary_key_name($classname);
+		if (array_key_exists($primary_id_ref, $props_n_values) && ! empty($props_n_values[$primary_id_ref])) {
+			$id = $props_n_values[$primary_id_ref];
+			return self::_get_model($classname)->get_from_entity_map($id);
+		}
+		return false;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * This is called by child static "new_instance" method and we'll check to see if there is an existing db entry for
+	 * the primary key (if present in incoming values). If there is a key in the incoming array that matches the
+	 * primary key for the model AND it is not null, then we check the db. If there's a an object we return it.  If not
+	 * we return false.
+	 *
+	 * @param  array  $props_n_values   incoming array of properties and their values
+	 * @param  string $classname        the classname of the child class
+	 * @param null    $timezone
+	 * @param array   $date_formats     incoming date_formats in an array where the first value is the
+	 *                                  date_format and the second value is the time format
+	 * @return mixed (EE_Base_Class|bool)
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	protected static function _check_for_object($props_n_values, $classname, $timezone = null, $date_formats = array())
+	{
+		$existing = null;
+		$model = self::_get_model($classname, $timezone);
+		if ($model->has_primary_key_field()) {
+			$primary_id_ref = self::_get_primary_key_name($classname);
+			if (array_key_exists($primary_id_ref, $props_n_values)
+				&& ! empty($props_n_values[$primary_id_ref])
+			) {
+				$existing = $model->get_one_by_ID(
+					$props_n_values[$primary_id_ref]
+				);
+			}
+		} elseif ($model->has_all_combined_primary_key_fields($props_n_values)) {
+			//no primary key on this model, but there's still a matching item in the DB
+			$existing = self::_get_model($classname, $timezone)->get_one_by_ID(
+				self::_get_model($classname, $timezone)->get_index_primary_key_string($props_n_values)
+			);
+		}
+		if ($existing) {
+			//set date formats if present before setting values
+			if ( ! empty($date_formats) && is_array($date_formats)) {
+				$existing->set_date_format($date_formats[0]);
+				$existing->set_time_format($date_formats[1]);
+			} else {
+				//set default formats for date and time
+				$existing->set_date_format(get_option('date_format'));
+				$existing->set_time_format(get_option('time_format'));
+			}
+			foreach ($props_n_values as $property => $field_value) {
+				$existing->set($property, $field_value);
+			}
+			return $existing;
+		} else {
+			return false;
+		}
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Gets the EEM_*_Model for this class
+	 *
+	 * @access public now, as this is more convenient
+	 * @param      $classname
+	 * @param null $timezone
+	 * @throws EE_Error
+	 * @return EEM_Base
+	 */
+	protected static function _get_model($classname, $timezone = null)
+	{
+		//find model for this class
+		if ( ! $classname) {
+			throw new EE_Error(
+				sprintf(
+					__(
+						"What were you thinking calling _get_model(%s)?? You need to specify the class name",
+						"event_espresso"
+					),
+					$classname
+				)
+			);
+		}
+		$modelName = self::_get_model_classname($classname);
+		return self::_get_model_instance_with_name($modelName, $timezone);
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Gets the model instance (eg instance of EEM_Attendee) given its classname (eg EE_Attendee)
+	 *
+	 * @param string $model_classname
+	 * @param null   $timezone
+	 * @return EEM_Base
+	 */
+	protected static function _get_model_instance_with_name($model_classname, $timezone = null)
+	{
+		$model_classname = str_replace('EEM_', '', $model_classname);
+		$model = EE_Registry::instance()->load_model($model_classname);
+		$model->set_timezone($timezone);
+		return $model;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * If a model name is provided (eg Registration), gets the model classname for that model.
+	 * Also works if a model class's classname is provided (eg EE_Registration).
+	 *
+	 * @param null $model_name
+	 * @return string like EEM_Attendee
+	 */
+	private static function _get_model_classname($model_name = null)
+	{
+		if (strpos($model_name, "EE_") === 0) {
+			$model_classname = str_replace("EE_", "EEM_", $model_name);
+		} else {
+			$model_classname = "EEM_" . $model_name;
+		}
+		return $model_classname;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * returns the name of the primary key attribute
+	 *
+	 * @param null $classname
+	 * @throws EE_Error
+	 * @return string
+	 */
+	protected static function _get_primary_key_name($classname = null)
+	{
+		if ( ! $classname) {
+			throw new EE_Error(
+				sprintf(
+					__("What were you thinking calling _get_primary_key_name(%s)", "event_espresso"),
+					$classname
+				)
+			);
+		}
+		return self::_get_model($classname)->get_primary_key_field()->get_name();
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Gets the value of the primary key.
+	 * If the object hasn't yet been saved, it should be whatever the model field's default was
+	 * (eg, if this were the EE_Event class, look at the primary key field on EEM_Event and see what its default value
+	 * is. Usually defaults for integer primary keys are 0; string primary keys are usually NULL).
+	 *
+	 * @return mixed, if the primary key is of type INT it'll be an int. Otherwise it could be a string
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function ID()
+	{
+		$model = $this->get_model();
+		//now that we know the name of the variable, use a variable variable to get its value and return its
+		if ($model->has_primary_key_field()) {
+			return $this->_fields[$model->primary_key_name()];
+		} else {
+			return $model->get_index_primary_key_string($this->_fields);
+		}
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Adds a relationship to the specified EE_Base_Class object, given the relationship's name. Eg, if the current
+	 * model is related to a group of events, the $relationName should be 'Event', and should be a key in the EE
+	 * Model's $_model_relations array. If this model object doesn't exist in the DB, just caches the related thing
+	 *
+	 * @param mixed  $otherObjectModelObjectOrID       EE_Base_Class or the ID of the other object
+	 * @param string $relationName                     eg 'Events','Question',etc.
+	 *                                                 an attendee to a group, you also want to specify which role they
+	 *                                                 will have in that group. So you would use this parameter to
+	 *                                                 specify array('role-column-name'=>'role-id')
+	 * @param array  $extra_join_model_fields_n_values You can optionally include an array of key=>value pairs that
+	 *                                                 allow you to further constrict the relation to being added.
+	 *                                                 However, keep in mind that the columns (keys) given must match a
+	 *                                                 column on the JOIN table and currently only the HABTM models
+	 *                                                 accept these additional conditions.  Also remember that if an
+	 *                                                 exact match isn't found for these extra cols/val pairs, then a
+	 *                                                 NEW row is created in the join table.
+	 * @param null   $cache_id
+	 * @throws EE_Error
+	 * @return EE_Base_Class the object the relation was added to
+	 */
+	public function _add_relation_to(
+		$otherObjectModelObjectOrID,
+		$relationName,
+		$extra_join_model_fields_n_values = array(),
+		$cache_id = null
+	) {
+		$model = $this->get_model();
+		//if this thing exists in the DB, save the relation to the DB
+		if ($this->ID()) {
+			$otherObject = $model
+								->add_relationship_to($this, $otherObjectModelObjectOrID, $relationName,
+									$extra_join_model_fields_n_values);
+			//clear cache so future get_many_related and get_first_related() return new results.
+			$this->clear_cache($relationName, $otherObject, true);
+			if ($otherObject instanceof EE_Base_Class) {
+				$otherObject->clear_cache($model->get_this_model_name(), $this);
+			}
+		} else {
+			//this thing doesn't exist in the DB,  so just cache it
+			if ( ! $otherObjectModelObjectOrID instanceof EE_Base_Class) {
+				throw new EE_Error(sprintf(
+					__('Before a model object is saved to the database, calls to _add_relation_to must be passed an actual object, not just an ID. You provided %s as the model object to a %s',
+						'event_espresso'),
+					$otherObjectModelObjectOrID,
+					get_class($this)
+				));
+			} else {
+				$otherObject = $otherObjectModelObjectOrID;
+			}
+			$this->cache($relationName, $otherObjectModelObjectOrID, $cache_id);
+		}
+		if ($otherObject instanceof EE_Base_Class) {
+			//fix the reciprocal relation too
+			if ($otherObject->ID()) {
+				//its saved so assumed relations exist in the DB, so we can just
+				//clear the cache so future queries use the updated info in the DB
+				$otherObject->clear_cache($model->get_this_model_name(), null, true);
+			} else {
+				//it's not saved, so it caches relations like this
+				$otherObject->cache($model->get_this_model_name(), $this);
+			}
+		}
+		return $otherObject;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Removes a relationship to the specified EE_Base_Class object, given the relationships' name. Eg, if the current
+	 * model is related to a group of events, the $relationName should be 'Events', and should be a key in the EE
+	 * Model's $_model_relations array. If this model object doesn't exist in the DB, just removes the related thing
+	 * from the cache
+	 *
+	 * @param mixed  $otherObjectModelObjectOrID
+	 *                EE_Base_Class or the ID of the other object, OR an array key into the cache if this isn't saved
+	 *                to the DB yet
+	 * @param string $relationName
+	 * @param array  $where_query
+	 *                You can optionally include an array of key=>value pairs that allow you to further constrict the
+	 *                relation to being added. However, keep in mind that the columns (keys) given must match a column
+	 *                on the JOIN table and currently only the HABTM models accept these additional conditions. Also
+	 *                remember that if an exact match isn't found for these extra cols/val pairs, then a NEW row is
+	 *                created in the join table.
+	 * @return EE_Base_Class the relation was removed from
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function _remove_relation_to($otherObjectModelObjectOrID, $relationName, $where_query = array())
+	{
+		if ($this->ID()) {
+			//if this exists in the DB, save the relation change to the DB too
+			$otherObject = $this->get_model()
+								->remove_relationship_to($this, $otherObjectModelObjectOrID, $relationName,
+									$where_query);
+			$this->clear_cache($relationName, $otherObject);
+		} else {
+			//this doesn't exist in the DB, just remove it from the cache
+			$otherObject = $this->clear_cache($relationName, $otherObjectModelObjectOrID);
+		}
+		if ($otherObject instanceof EE_Base_Class) {
+			$otherObject->clear_cache($this->get_model()->get_this_model_name(), $this);
+		}
+		return $otherObject;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Removes ALL the related things for the $relationName.
+	 *
+	 * @param string $relationName
+	 * @param array  $where_query_params like EEM_Base::get_all's $query_params[0] (where conditions)
+	 * @return EE_Base_Class
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function _remove_relations($relationName, $where_query_params = array())
+	{
+		if ($this->ID()) {
+			//if this exists in the DB, save the relation change to the DB too
+			$otherObjects = $this->get_model()->remove_relations($this, $relationName, $where_query_params);
+			$this->clear_cache($relationName, null, true);
+		} else {
+			//this doesn't exist in the DB, just remove it from the cache
+			$otherObjects = $this->clear_cache($relationName, null, true);
+		}
+		if (is_array($otherObjects)) {
+			foreach ($otherObjects as $otherObject) {
+				$otherObject->clear_cache($this->get_model()->get_this_model_name(), $this);
+			}
+		}
+		return $otherObjects;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Gets all the related model objects of the specified type. Eg, if the current class if
+	 * EE_Event, you could call $this->get_many_related('Registration') to get an array of all the
+	 * EE_Registration objects which related to this event. Note: by default, we remove the "default query params"
+	 * because we want to get even deleted items etc.
+	 *
+	 * @param string $relationName key in the model's _model_relations array
+	 * @param array  $query_params like EEM_Base::get_all
+	 * @return EE_Base_Class[] Results not necessarily indexed by IDs, because some results might not have primary keys
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 *                             or might not be saved yet. Consider using EEM_Base::get_IDs() on these results if
+	 *                             you want IDs
+	 */
+	public function get_many_related($relationName, $query_params = array())
+	{
+		if ($this->ID()) {
+			//this exists in the DB, so get the related things from either the cache or the DB
+			//if there are query parameters, forget about caching the related model objects.
+			if ($query_params) {
+				$related_model_objects = $this->get_model()->get_all_related($this, $relationName, $query_params);
+			} else {
+				//did we already cache the result of this query?
+				$cached_results = $this->get_all_from_cache($relationName);
+				if ( ! $cached_results) {
+					$related_model_objects = $this->get_model()->get_all_related($this, $relationName, $query_params);
+					//if no query parameters were passed, then we got all the related model objects
+					//for that relation. We can cache them then.
+					foreach ($related_model_objects as $related_model_object) {
+						$this->cache($relationName, $related_model_object);
+					}
+				} else {
+					$related_model_objects = $cached_results;
+				}
+			}
+		} else {
+			//this doesn't exist in the DB, so just get the related things from the cache
+			$related_model_objects = $this->get_all_from_cache($relationName);
+		}
+		return $related_model_objects;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Instead of getting the related model objects, simply counts them. Ignores default_where_conditions by default,
+	 * unless otherwise specified in the $query_params
+	 *
+	 * @param string $relation_name  model_name like 'Event', or 'Registration'
+	 * @param array  $query_params   like EEM_Base::get_all's
+	 * @param string $field_to_count name of field to count by. By default, uses primary key
+	 * @param bool   $distinct       if we want to only count the distinct values for the column then you can trigger
+	 *                               that by the setting $distinct to TRUE;
+	 * @return int
+	 */
+	public function count_related($relation_name, $query_params = array(), $field_to_count = null, $distinct = false)
+	{
+		return $this->get_model()->count_related($this, $relation_name, $query_params, $field_to_count, $distinct);
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Instead of getting the related model objects, simply sums up the values of the specified field.
+	 * Note: ignores default_where_conditions by default, unless otherwise specified in the $query_params
+	 *
+	 * @param string $relation_name model_name like 'Event', or 'Registration'
+	 * @param array  $query_params  like EEM_Base::get_all's
+	 * @param string $field_to_sum  name of field to count by.
+	 *                              By default, uses primary key (which doesn't make much sense, so you should probably
+	 *                              change it)
+	 * @return int
+	 */
+	public function sum_related($relation_name, $query_params = array(), $field_to_sum = null)
+	{
+		return $this->get_model()->sum_related($this, $relation_name, $query_params, $field_to_sum);
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Gets the first (ie, one) related model object of the specified type.
+	 *
+	 * @param string $relationName key in the model's _model_relations array
+	 * @param array  $query_params like EEM_Base::get_all
+	 * @return EE_Base_Class (not an array, a single object)
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function get_first_related($relationName, $query_params = array())
+	{
+		$model = $this->get_model();
+		if ($this->ID()) {//this exists in the DB, get from the cache OR the DB
+			//if they've provided some query parameters, don't bother trying to cache the result
+			//also make sure we're not caching the result of get_first_related
+			//on a relation which should have an array of objects (because the cache might have an array of objects)
+			if ($query_params
+				|| ! $model->related_settings_for($relationName)
+					 instanceof
+					 EE_Belongs_To_Relation
+			) {
+				$related_model_object = $model->get_first_related($this, $relationName, $query_params);
+			} else {
+				//first, check if we've already cached the result of this query
+				$cached_result = $this->get_one_from_cache($relationName);
+				if ( ! $cached_result) {
+					$related_model_object = $model->get_first_related($this, $relationName, $query_params);
+					$this->cache($relationName, $related_model_object);
+				} else {
+					$related_model_object = $cached_result;
+				}
+			}
+		} else {
+			$related_model_object = null;
+			//this doesn't exist in the Db, but maybe the relation is of type belongs to, and so the related thing might
+			if ($model->related_settings_for($relationName) instanceof EE_Belongs_To_Relation) {
+				$related_model_object = $model->get_first_related($this, $relationName, $query_params);
+			}
+			//this doesn't exist in the DB and apparently the thing it belongs to doesn't either, just get what's cached on this object
+			if ( ! $related_model_object) {
+				$related_model_object = $this->get_one_from_cache($relationName);
+			}
+		}
+		return $related_model_object;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Does a delete on all related objects of type $relationName and removes
+	 * the current model object's relation to them. If they can't be deleted (because
+	 * of blocking related model objects) does nothing. If the related model objects are
+	 * soft-deletable, they will be soft-deleted regardless of related blocking model objects.
+	 * If this model object doesn't exist yet in the DB, just removes its related things
+	 *
+	 * @param string $relationName
+	 * @param array  $query_params like EEM_Base::get_all's
+	 * @return int how many deleted
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function delete_related($relationName, $query_params = array())
+	{
+		if ($this->ID()) {
+			$count = $this->get_model()->delete_related($this, $relationName, $query_params);
+		} else {
+			$count = count($this->get_all_from_cache($relationName));
+			$this->clear_cache($relationName, null, true);
+		}
+		return $count;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Does a hard delete (ie, removes the DB row) on all related objects of type $relationName and removes
+	 * the current model object's relation to them. If they can't be deleted (because
+	 * of blocking related model objects) just does a soft delete on it instead, if possible.
+	 * If the related thing isn't a soft-deletable model object, this function is identical
+	 * to delete_related(). If this model object doesn't exist in the DB, just remove its related things
+	 *
+	 * @param string $relationName
+	 * @param array  $query_params like EEM_Base::get_all's
+	 * @return int how many deleted (including those soft deleted)
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function delete_related_permanently($relationName, $query_params = array())
+	{
+		if ($this->ID()) {
+			$count = $this->get_model()->delete_related_permanently($this, $relationName, $query_params);
+		} else {
+			$count = count($this->get_all_from_cache($relationName));
+		}
+		$this->clear_cache($relationName, null, true);
+		return $count;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * is_set
+	 * Just a simple utility function children can use for checking if property exists
+	 *
+	 * @access  public
+	 * @param  string $field_name property to check
+	 * @return bool                              TRUE if existing,FALSE if not.
+	 */
+	public function is_set($field_name)
+	{
+		return isset($this->_fields[$field_name]);
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Just a simple utility function children can use for checking if property (or properties) exists and throwing an
+	 * EE_Error exception if they don't
+	 *
+	 * @param  mixed (string|array) $properties properties to check
+	 * @throws EE_Error
+	 * @return bool                              TRUE if existing, throw EE_Error if not.
+	 */
+	protected function _property_exists($properties)
+	{
+		foreach ((array)$properties as $property_name) {
+			//first make sure this property exists
+			if ( ! $this->_fields[$property_name]) {
+				throw new EE_Error(
+					sprintf(
+						__(
+							'Trying to retrieve a non-existent property (%s).  Double check the spelling please',
+							'event_espresso'
+						),
+						$property_name
+					)
+				);
+			}
+		}
+		return true;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * This simply returns an array of model fields for this object
+	 *
+	 * @return array
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function model_field_array()
+	{
+		$fields = $this->get_model()->field_settings(false);
+		$properties = array();
+		//remove prepended underscore
+		foreach ($fields as $field_name => $settings) {
+			$properties[$field_name] = $this->get($field_name);
+		}
+		return $properties;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Very handy general function to allow for plugins to extend any child of EE_Base_Class.
+	 * If a method is called on a child of EE_Base_Class that doesn't exist, this function is called
+	 * (http://www.garfieldtech.com/blog/php-magic-call) and passed the method's name and arguments. Instead of
+	 * requiring a plugin to extend the EE_Base_Class (which works fine is there's only 1 plugin, but when will that
+	 * happen?) they can add a hook onto 'filters_hook_espresso__{className}__{methodName}' (eg,
+	 * filters_hook_espresso__EE_Answer__my_great_function) and accepts 2 arguments: the object on which the function
+	 * was called, and an array of the original arguments passed to the function. Whatever their callback function
+	 * returns will be returned by this function. Example: in functions.php (or in a plugin):
+	 * add_filter('FHEE__EE_Answer__my_callback','my_callback',10,3); function
+	 * my_callback($previousReturnValue,EE_Base_Class $object,$argsArray){
+	 * $returnString= "you called my_callback! and passed args:".implode(",",$argsArray);
+	 *        return $previousReturnValue.$returnString;
+	 * }
+	 * require('EE_Answer.class.php');
+	 * $answer= EE_Answer::new_instance(array('REG_ID' => 2,'QST_ID' => 3,'ANS_value' => The answer is 42'));
+	 * echo $answer->my_callback('monkeys',100);
+	 * //will output "you called my_callback! and passed args:monkeys,100"
+	 *
+	 * @param string $methodName name of method which was called on a child of EE_Base_Class, but which
+	 * @param array  $args       array of original arguments passed to the function
+	 * @throws EE_Error
+	 * @return mixed whatever the plugin which calls add_filter decides
+	 */
+	public function __call($methodName, $args)
+	{
+		$className = get_class($this);
+		$tagName = "FHEE__{$className}__{$methodName}";
+		if ( ! has_filter($tagName)) {
+			throw new EE_Error(
+				sprintf(
+					__(
+						"Method %s on class %s does not exist! You can create one with the following code in functions.php or in a plugin: add_filter('%s','my_callback',10,3);function my_callback(\$previousReturnValue,EE_Base_Class \$object, \$argsArray){/*function body*/return \$whatever;}",
+						"event_espresso"
+					),
+					$methodName,
+					$className,
+					$tagName
+				)
+			);
+		}
+		return apply_filters($tagName, null, $this, $args);
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Similar to insert_post_meta, adds a record in the Extra_Meta model's table with the given key and value.
+	 * A $previous_value can be specified in case there are many meta rows with the same key
+	 *
+	 * @param string $meta_key
+	 * @param mixed  $meta_value
+	 * @param mixed  $previous_value
+	 * @return bool|int # of records updated (or BOOLEAN if we actually ended up inserting the extra meta row)
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 * NOTE: if the values haven't changed, returns 0
+	 */
+	public function update_extra_meta($meta_key, $meta_value, $previous_value = null)
+	{
+		$query_params = array(
+			array(
+				'EXM_key'  => $meta_key,
+				'OBJ_ID'   => $this->ID(),
+				'EXM_type' => $this->get_model()->get_this_model_name(),
+			),
+		);
+		if ($previous_value !== null) {
+			$query_params[0]['EXM_value'] = $meta_value;
+		}
+		$existing_rows_like_that = EEM_Extra_Meta::instance()->get_all($query_params);
+		if ( ! $existing_rows_like_that) {
+			return $this->add_extra_meta($meta_key, $meta_value);
+		}
+		foreach ($existing_rows_like_that as $existing_row) {
+			$existing_row->save(array('EXM_value' => $meta_value));
+		}
+		return count($existing_rows_like_that);
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Adds a new extra meta record. If $unique is set to TRUE, we'll first double-check
+	 * no other extra meta for this model object have the same key. Returns TRUE if the
+	 * extra meta row was entered, false if not
+	 *
+	 * @param string  $meta_key
+	 * @param mixed   $meta_value
+	 * @param boolean $unique
+	 * @return boolean
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function add_extra_meta($meta_key, $meta_value, $unique = false)
+	{
+		if ($unique) {
+			$existing_extra_meta = EEM_Extra_Meta::instance()->get_one(
+				array(
+					array(
+						'EXM_key'  => $meta_key,
+						'OBJ_ID'   => $this->ID(),
+						'EXM_type' => $this->get_model()->get_this_model_name(),
+					),
+				)
+			);
+			if ($existing_extra_meta) {
+				return false;
+			}
+		}
+		$new_extra_meta = EE_Extra_Meta::new_instance(
+			array(
+				'EXM_key'   => $meta_key,
+				'EXM_value' => $meta_value,
+				'OBJ_ID'    => $this->ID(),
+				'EXM_type'  => $this->get_model()->get_this_model_name(),
+			)
+		);
+		$new_extra_meta->save();
+		return true;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Deletes all the extra meta rows for this record as specified by key. If $meta_value
+	 * is specified, only deletes extra meta records with that value.
+	 *
+	 * @param string $meta_key
+	 * @param mixed  $meta_value
+	 * @return int number of extra meta rows deleted
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function delete_extra_meta($meta_key, $meta_value = null)
+	{
+		$query_params = array(
+			array(
+				'EXM_key'  => $meta_key,
+				'OBJ_ID'   => $this->ID(),
+				'EXM_type' => $this->get_model()->get_this_model_name(),
+			),
+		);
+		if ($meta_value !== null) {
+			$query_params[0]['EXM_value'] = $meta_value;
+		}
+		return EEM_Extra_Meta::instance()->delete($query_params);
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Gets the extra meta with the given meta key. If you specify "single" we just return 1, otherwise
+	 * an array of everything found. Requires that this model actually have a relation of type EE_Has_Many_Any_Relation.
+	 * You can specify $default is case you haven't found the extra meta
+	 *
+	 * @param string  $meta_key
+	 * @param boolean $single
+	 * @param mixed   $default if we don't find anything, what should we return?
+	 * @return mixed single value if $single; array if ! $single
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function get_extra_meta($meta_key, $single = false, $default = null)
+	{
+		if ($single) {
+			$result = $this->get_first_related('Extra_Meta', array(array('EXM_key' => $meta_key)));
+			if ($result instanceof EE_Extra_Meta) {
+				return $result->value();
+			}
+		} else {
+			$results = $this->get_many_related('Extra_Meta', array(array('EXM_key' => $meta_key)));
+			if ($results) {
+				$values = array();
+				foreach ($results as $result) {
+					if ($result instanceof EE_Extra_Meta) {
+						$values[$result->ID()] = $result->value();
+					}
+				}
+				return $values;
+			}
+		}
+		//if nothing discovered yet return default.
+		return apply_filters(
+			'FHEE__EE_Base_Class__get_extra_meta__default_value',
+			$default,
+			$meta_key,
+			$single,
+			$this
+			);
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Returns a simple array of all the extra meta associated with this model object.
+	 * If $one_of_each_key is true (Default), it will be an array of simple key-value pairs, keys being the
+	 * extra meta's key, and teh value being its value. However, if there are duplicate extra meta rows with
+	 * the same key, only one will be used. (eg array('foo'=>'bar','monkey'=>123))
+	 * If $one_of_each_key is false, it will return an array with the top-level keys being
+	 * the extra meta keys, but their values are also arrays, which have the extra-meta's ID as their sub-key, and
+	 * finally the extra meta's value as each sub-value. (eg
+	 * array('foo'=>array(1=>'bar',2=>'bill'),'monkey'=>array(3=>123)))
+	 *
+	 * @param boolean $one_of_each_key
+	 * @return array
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function all_extra_meta_array($one_of_each_key = true)
+	{
+		$return_array = array();
+		if ($one_of_each_key) {
+			$extra_meta_objs = $this->get_many_related('Extra_Meta', array('group_by' => 'EXM_key'));
+			foreach ($extra_meta_objs as $extra_meta_obj) {
+				if ($extra_meta_obj instanceof EE_Extra_Meta) {
+					$return_array[$extra_meta_obj->key()] = $extra_meta_obj->value();
+				}
+			}
+		} else {
+			$extra_meta_objs = $this->get_many_related('Extra_Meta');
+			foreach ($extra_meta_objs as $extra_meta_obj) {
+				if ($extra_meta_obj instanceof EE_Extra_Meta) {
+					if ( ! isset($return_array[$extra_meta_obj->key()])) {
+						$return_array[$extra_meta_obj->key()] = array();
+					}
+					$return_array[$extra_meta_obj->key()][$extra_meta_obj->ID()] = $extra_meta_obj->value();
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		return $return_array;
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Gets a pretty nice displayable nice for this model object. Often overridden
+	 *
+	 * @return string
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function name()
+	{
+		//find a field that's not a text field
+		$field_we_can_use = $this->get_model()->get_a_field_of_type('EE_Text_Field_Base');
+		if ($field_we_can_use) {
+			return $this->get($field_we_can_use->get_name());
+		} else {
+			$first_few_properties = $this->model_field_array();
+			$first_few_properties = array_slice($first_few_properties, 0, 3);
+			$name_parts = array();
+			foreach ($first_few_properties as $name => $value) {
+				$name_parts[] = "$name:$value";
+			}
+			return implode(",", $name_parts);
+		}
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * in_entity_map
+	 * Checks if this model object has been proven to already be in the entity map
+	 *
+	 * @return boolean
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function in_entity_map()
+	{
+		if ($this->ID() && $this->get_model()->get_from_entity_map($this->ID()) === $this) {
+			//well, if we looked, did we find it in the entity map?
+			return true;
+		} else {
+			return false;
+		}
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * refresh_from_db
+	 * Makes sure the fields and values on this model object are in-sync with what's in the database.
+	 *
+	 * @throws EE_Error if this model object isn't in the entity mapper (because then you should
+	 * just use what's in the entity mapper and refresh it) and WP_DEBUG is TRUE
+	 */
+	public function refresh_from_db()
+	{
+		if ($this->ID() && $this->in_entity_map()) {
+			$this->get_model()->refresh_entity_map_from_db($this->ID());
+		} else {
+			//if it doesn't have ID, you shouldn't be asking to refresh it from teh database (because its not in the database)
+			//if it has an ID but it's not in the map, and you're asking me to refresh it
+			//that's kinda dangerous. You should just use what's in the entity map, or add this to the entity map if there's
+			//absolutely nothing in it for this ID
+			if (WP_DEBUG) {
+				throw new EE_Error(
+					sprintf(
+						__('Trying to refresh a model object with ID "%1$s" that\'s not in the entity map? First off: you should put it in the entity map by calling %2$s. Second off, if you want what\'s in the database right now, you should just call %3$s yourself and discard this model object.',
+							'event_espresso'),
+						$this->ID(),
+						get_class($this->get_model()) . '::instance()->add_to_entity_map()',
+						get_class($this->get_model()) . '::instance()->refresh_entity_map()'
+					)
+				);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Because some other plugins, like Advanced Cron Manager, expect all objects to have this method
+	 * (probably a bad assumption they have made, oh well)
+	 *
+	 * @return string
+	 */
+	public function __toString()
+	{
+		try {
+			return sprintf('%s (%s)', $this->name(), $this->ID());
+		} catch (Exception $e) {
+			EE_Error::add_error($e->getMessage(), __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
+			return '';
+		}
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * Clear related model objects if they're already in the DB, because otherwise when we
+	 * UN-serialize this model object we'll need to be careful to add them to the entity map.
+	 * This means if we have made changes to those related model objects, and want to unserialize
+	 * the this model object on a subsequent request, changes to those related model objects will be lost.
+	 * Instead, those related model objects should be directly serialized and stored.
+	 * Eg, the following won't work:
+	 * $reg = EEM_Registration::instance()->get_one_by_ID( 123 );
+	 * $att = $reg->attendee();
+	 * $att->set( 'ATT_fname', 'Dirk' );
+	 * update_option( 'my_option', serialize( $reg ) );
+	 * //END REQUEST
+	 * //START NEXT REQUEST
+	 * $reg = get_option( 'my_option' );
+	 * $reg->attendee()->save();
+	 * And would need to be replace with:
+	 * $reg = EEM_Registration::instance()->get_one_by_ID( 123 );
+	 * $att = $reg->attendee();
+	 * $att->set( 'ATT_fname', 'Dirk' );
+	 * update_option( 'my_option', serialize( $reg ) );
+	 * //END REQUEST
+	 * //START NEXT REQUEST
+	 * $att = get_option( 'my_option' );
+	 * $att->save();
+	 *
+	 * @return array
+	 * @throws \EE_Error
+	 */
+	public function __sleep()
+	{
+		$model = $this->get_model();
+		foreach ($model->relation_settings() as $relation_name => $relation_obj) {
+			if ($relation_obj instanceof EE_Belongs_To_Relation) {
+				$classname = 'EE_' . $model->get_this_model_name();
+				if (
+					$this->get_one_from_cache($relation_name) instanceof $classname
+					&& $this->get_one_from_cache($relation_name)->ID()
+				) {
+					$this->clear_cache($relation_name, $this->get_one_from_cache($relation_name)->ID());
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		$this->_props_n_values_provided_in_constructor = array();
+		$properties_to_serialize = get_object_vars($this);
+		//don't serialize the model. It's big and that risks recursion
+		unset($properties_to_serialize['_model']);
+		return array_keys($properties_to_serialize);
+	}
+
+
+
+	/**
+	 * restore _props_n_values_provided_in_constructor
+	 * PLZ NOTE: this will reset the array to whatever fields values were present prior to serialization,
+	 * and therefore should NOT be used to determine if state change has occurred since initial construction.
+	 * At best, you would only be able to detect if state change has occurred during THIS request.
+	 */
+	public function __wakeup()
+	{
+		$this->_props_n_values_provided_in_constructor = $this->_fields;
+	}