Complex classes like Validation often do a lot of different things. To break such a class down, we need to identify a cohesive component within that class. A common approach to find such a component is to look for fields/methods that share the same prefixes, or suffixes. You can also have a look at the cohesion graph to spot any un-connected, or weakly-connected components.
Once you have determined the fields that belong together, you can apply the Extract Class refactoring. If the component makes sense as a sub-class, Extract Subclass is also a candidate, and is often faster.
While breaking up the class, it is a good idea to analyze how other classes use Validation, and based on these observations, apply Extract Interface, too.
| 1 | <?php |
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| 13 | class Validation { |
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| 14 | /** |
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| 15 | * @var array |
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| 16 | */ |
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| 17 | private $errors = []; |
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| 18 | |||
| 19 | /** |
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| 20 | * @var string |
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| 21 | */ |
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| 22 | private $mainMessage = ''; |
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| 23 | |||
| 24 | /** |
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| 25 | * @var int |
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| 26 | */ |
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| 27 | private $mainStatus = 0; |
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| 28 | |||
| 29 | /** |
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| 30 | * @var bool Whether or not fields should be translated. |
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| 31 | */ |
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| 32 | private $translateFieldNames = false; |
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| 33 | |||
| 34 | /** |
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| 35 | * Add an error. |
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| 36 | * |
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| 37 | * @param string $field The name and path of the field to add or an empty string if this is a global error. |
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| 38 | * @param string $error The message code. |
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| 39 | * @param int|array $options An array of additional information to add to the error entry or a numeric error code. |
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| 40 | * @return $this |
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| 41 | */ |
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| 42 | 74 | public function addError($field, $error, $options = []) { |
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| 76 | |||
| 77 | /** |
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| 78 | * Get or set the error status code. |
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| 79 | * |
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| 80 | * The status code is an http response code and should be of the 4xx variety. |
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| 81 | * |
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| 82 | * @return int Returns the current status code. |
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| 83 | */ |
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| 84 | 67 | public function getStatus() { |
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| 103 | |||
| 104 | /** |
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| 105 | * Get the message for this exception. |
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| 106 | * |
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| 107 | * @return string Returns the exception message. |
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| 108 | */ |
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| 109 | 68 | public function getMessage() { |
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| 127 | |||
| 128 | /** |
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| 129 | * Gets all of the errors as a flat array. |
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| 130 | * |
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| 131 | * The errors are internally stored indexed by field. This method flattens them for final error returns. |
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| 132 | * |
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| 133 | * @return array Returns all of the errors. |
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| 134 | */ |
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| 135 | 4 | public function getErrors() { |
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| 136 | 4 | $result = []; |
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| 137 | 4 | foreach ($this->getRawErrors() as $error) { |
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| 138 | 4 | $result[] = $this->formatError($error); |
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| 139 | } |
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| 140 | 4 | return $result; |
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| 141 | } |
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| 142 | |||
| 143 | /** |
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| 144 | * Get the errors for a specific field. |
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| 145 | * |
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| 146 | * @param string $field The full path to the field. |
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| 147 | * @return array Returns an array of errors. |
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| 148 | */ |
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| 149 | 6 | public function getFieldErrors($field) { |
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| 150 | 6 | if (empty($this->errors[$field])) { |
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| 151 | return []; |
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| 152 | } else { |
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| 153 | 6 | $result = []; |
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| 154 | 6 | foreach ($this->errors[$field] as $error) { |
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| 155 | 6 | $result[] = $this->formatError($error); |
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| 156 | } |
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| 157 | 6 | return $result; |
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| 158 | } |
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| 159 | } |
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| 160 | |||
| 161 | /** |
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| 162 | * Gets all of the errors as a flat array. |
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| 163 | * |
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| 164 | * The errors are internally stored indexed by field. This method flattens them for final error returns. |
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| 165 | * |
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| 166 | * @return \Traversable Returns all of the errors. |
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| 167 | */ |
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| 168 | 82 | protected function getRawErrors() { |
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| 169 | 82 | foreach ($this->errors as $errors) { |
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| 170 | 71 | foreach ($errors as $error) { |
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| 171 | 71 | yield $error; |
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| 172 | } |
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| 173 | } |
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| 174 | 82 | } |
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| 175 | |||
| 176 | /** |
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| 177 | * Check whether or not the validation is free of errors. |
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| 178 | * |
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| 179 | * @return bool Returns true if there are no errors, false otherwise. |
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| 180 | */ |
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| 181 | 118 | public function isValid() { |
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| 184 | |||
| 185 | /** |
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| 186 | * Check whether or not a particular field is has errors. |
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| 187 | * |
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| 188 | * @param string $field The name of the field to check for validity. |
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| 189 | * @return bool Returns true if the field has no errors, false otherwise. |
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| 190 | */ |
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| 191 | 76 | public function isValidField($field) { |
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| 195 | |||
| 196 | /** |
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| 197 | * Get the error count, optionally for a particular field. |
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| 198 | * |
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| 199 | * @param string $field The name of a field or an empty string for all errors. |
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| 200 | * @return int Returns the error count. |
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| 201 | */ |
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| 202 | 48 | public function getErrorCount($field = '') { |
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| 211 | |||
| 212 | /** |
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| 213 | * Get the error message for an error row. |
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| 214 | * |
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| 215 | * @param array $error The error row. |
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| 216 | * @return string Returns a formatted/translated error message. |
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| 217 | */ |
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| 218 | 69 | private function getErrorMessage(array $error) { |
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| 248 | |||
| 249 | /** |
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| 250 | * Expand and translate a message format against an array of values. |
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| 251 | * |
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| 252 | * @param string $format The message format. |
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| 253 | * @param array $context The context arguments to apply to the message. |
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| 254 | * @return string Returns a formatted string. |
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| 255 | */ |
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| 256 | 69 | private function formatMessage($format, $context = []) { |
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| 266 | |||
| 267 | /** |
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| 268 | * Translate an argument being placed in an error message. |
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| 269 | * |
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| 270 | * @param mixed $value The argument to translate. |
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| 271 | * @param array $args Formatting arguments. |
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| 272 | * @return string Returns the translated string. |
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| 273 | */ |
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| 274 | 66 | private function formatField($value, array $args = []) { |
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| 306 | |||
| 307 | /** |
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| 308 | * Translate a string. |
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| 309 | * |
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| 310 | * This method doesn't do any translation itself, but is meant for subclasses wanting to add translation ability to |
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| 311 | * this class. |
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| 312 | * |
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| 313 | * @param string $str The string to translate. |
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| 314 | * @return string Returns the translated string. |
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| 315 | */ |
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| 316 | 70 | public function translate($str) { |
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| 324 | |||
| 325 | /** |
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| 326 | * Merge another validation object with this one. |
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| 327 | * |
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| 328 | * @param Validation $validation The validation object to merge. |
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| 329 | * @param string $name The path to merge to. Use this parameter when the validation object is meant to be a subset of this one. |
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| 330 | * @return $this |
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| 331 | */ |
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| 332 | 1 | public function merge(Validation $validation, $name = '') { |
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| 345 | |||
| 346 | /** |
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| 347 | * Get the main error message. |
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| 348 | * |
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| 349 | * If set, this message will be returned as the error message. Otherwise the message will be set from individual |
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| 350 | * errors. |
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| 351 | * |
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| 352 | * @return string Returns the main message. |
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| 353 | */ |
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| 354 | 68 | public function getMainMessage() { |
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| 357 | |||
| 358 | /** |
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| 359 | * Set the main error message. |
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| 360 | * |
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| 361 | * @param string $message The new message. |
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| 362 | * @return $this |
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| 363 | */ |
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| 364 | 1 | public function setMainMessage($message) { |
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| 368 | |||
| 369 | /** |
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| 370 | * Get the main status. |
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| 371 | * |
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| 372 | * @return int Returns an HTTP response code or zero to indicate it should be calculated. |
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| 373 | */ |
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| 374 | 67 | public function getMainStatus() { |
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| 377 | |||
| 378 | /** |
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| 379 | * Set the main status. |
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| 380 | * |
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| 381 | * @param int $status An HTTP response code or zero. |
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| 382 | * @return $this |
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| 383 | */ |
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| 384 | 1 | public function setMainStatus($status) { |
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| 388 | |||
| 389 | /** |
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| 390 | * Whether or not fields should be translated. |
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| 391 | * |
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| 392 | * @return bool Returns **true** if field names are translated or **false** otherwise. |
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| 393 | */ |
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| 394 | 69 | public function getTranslateFieldNames() { |
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| 397 | |||
| 398 | /** |
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| 399 | * Set whether or not fields should be translated. |
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| 400 | * |
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| 401 | * @param bool $translate Whether or not fields should be translated. |
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| 402 | * @return $this |
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| 403 | */ |
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| 404 | 2 | public function setTranslateFieldNames($translate) { |
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| 408 | |||
| 409 | /** |
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| 410 | * @param $error |
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| 411 | * @return array |
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| 412 | */ |
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| 413 | 10 | private function formatError($error) { |
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| 422 | } |
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| 423 |
This check looks for multiple assignments in successive lines of code. It will report an issue if the operators are not in a straight line.
To visualize
will produce issues in the first and second line, while this second example
will produce no issues.