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                <?php  | 
            
                            
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                namespace Performance;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                Class File { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    protected $path;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    public function __construct($path) { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $this->path = $path;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    public function read() { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        return file_get_contents($this->path);  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    public function write($content) { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        file_put_contents($this->path, $content);  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                class Formatter { | 
            
                            
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                    public function format($words) { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $text = '';  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        foreach ($words as $occ => $list) { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            $text .= "{$occ}: {$this->formatList($list)}\n"; | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        return $text;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    protected function formatList($list) { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $values = array_map(function(Word $w) { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            return $w->value();  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        }, $list);  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        return implode(', ', $values); | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                class Word { | 
            
                            
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                    protected $value;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    protected $occurrences;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    public function __construct($value, $occurrences) { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $this->value = $value;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $this->occurrences = $occurrences;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    public function value() { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        return $this->value;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    public function occurrences() { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        return $this->occurrences;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                class Parser { | 
            
                            
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                    protected $file;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    protected $tokens;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    public function __construct(File $file) { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $this->file = $file;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $this->tokens = [];  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    public function words() { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $this->fillTokens();  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $words = [];  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        foreach (array_count_values($this->tokens) as $value => $occ) { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            $words[] = new Word($value, $occ);  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        return $words;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    protected function fillTokens() { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $text = $this->file->read();  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $text = trim(preg_replace('/[^a-zA-Z0-9]+/', ' ', $text)); | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $this->tokens = explode(' ', $text); | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                class Collection { | 
            
                            
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                    protected $list;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    public function __construct($list) { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $this->list = $list;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    public function groupByOccurrences() { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $occurrencesValues = $this->getOccurrencesValues();  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        arsort($occurrencesValues);  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $result = [];  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        foreach ($occurrencesValues as $occ) { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            $result[$occ] = $this->getWordsHavingOccurrences($occ);  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        return $result;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    protected function getOccurrencesValues() { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $result = [];  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        foreach ($this->list as $word) { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            $result[$word->occurrences()] = true;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        return array_keys($result);  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    protected function getWordsHavingOccurrences($number) { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $result = [];  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        foreach ($this->list as $word) { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            if ($word->occurrences() == $number)  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                                $result[] = $word;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        usort($result, function(Word $w1, Word $w2) { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            return strcmp($w1->value(), $w2->value());  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        });  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        return $result;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                class Program { | 
            
                            
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                    public static function run() { | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $input = new File('php://stdin'); | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $output = new File('php://stdout'); | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $parser = new Parser($input);  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $words = $parser->words();  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $collection = new Collection($words);  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $formatter = new Formatter;  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $output->write($formatter->format($collection->groupByOccurrences()));  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                Program::run();  | 
            
            
                                                        
            
                                    
            
            
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The PSR-1: Basic Coding Standard recommends that a file should either introduce new symbols, that is classes, functions, constants or similar, or have side effects. Side effects are anything that executes logic, like for example printing output, changing ini settings or writing to a file.
The idea behind this recommendation is that merely auto-loading a class should not change the state of an application. It also promotes a cleaner style of programming and makes your code less prone to errors, because the logic is not spread out all over the place.
To learn more about the PSR-1, please see the PHP-FIG site on the PSR-1.