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                <?php  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                namespace SpeckCatalog\Controller;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                use Zend\Mvc\Controller\AbstractActionController;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                use Zend\View\Model\ViewModel;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                                                                
            
                                    
            
            
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                class ProductController extends AbstractActionController  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                { | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    protected $services = array(  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        'product'       => 'speckcatalog_product_service',  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        'product_uom'   => 'speckcatalog_product_uom_service',  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        'builder'       => 'speckcatalog_builder_product_service',  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        'configure_buy' => 'speckcatalog_configure_buy_service',  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        'cart'          => 'catalog_cart_service',  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        'renderer'      => 'zendviewrendererphprenderer',  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        'option'        => 'speckcatalog_option_service',  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        'product_image' => 'speckcatalog_product_image_service',  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    );  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    public function getService($name)  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    { | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        if (!array_key_exists($name, $this->services)) { | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            throw new \Exception('invalid service name'); | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        }  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        if (is_string($this->services[$name])) { | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            $this->services[$name] = $this->getServiceLocator()->get($this->services[$name]);  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        }  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        return $this->services[$name];  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    public function indexAction()  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    { | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $cartItemId     = $this->params('cartItemId'); | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $cartService    = $this->getService('cart'); | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $product        = $this->getService('product') | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            ->setEnabledOnly(true)  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            ->getFullProduct($this->params('id')); | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        if (!$product) { | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            throw new \Exception('no product for that id'); | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        }  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $this->layout()->crumbs = $this->getService('product')->getCrumbs($product); | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $vars = array(  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            'product'     => $product,  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            'editingCart' => ($cartItemId ? true : false),  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            'cartItem'    => ($cartItemId ? $cartService->findItemById($cartItemId) : false),  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        );  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        return new ViewModel($vars);  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    public function imagesAction()  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    { | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $productId = $this->params('id'); | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $images    = $this->getService('product_image')->getImages('product', $productId); | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        return new ViewModel(array('images' => $images)); | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    public function getViewHelper($helperName)  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        return $this->getServiceLocator()->get('viewhelpermanager')->get($helperName); | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                                                                
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                                                                
            
                                    
            
            
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                    public function uomsPartialAction()  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                                                                
            
                                    
            
            
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                    { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $post = $this->params()->fromPost();  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $pid  = $post['product_id'];  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $builderPid = isset($post['builder_product_id']) ? $post['builder_product_id'] : null;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $helper  = $this->getViewHelper('speckCatalogUomsToCart'); | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $content = $helper->__invoke($pid, $builderPid);  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        return $this->getResponse()->setContent($content);  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                                                                
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    public function optionsPartialAction()  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $postParams = $this->params()->fromPost();  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $productId  = $postParams['product_id'];  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $options = $this->getService('option')->getByProductId($productId, true, true); | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $renderer = $this->getService('renderer'); | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        foreach ($options as $option) { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            $vars     = array('option' => $option); | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            $html    .= $renderer->render('/catalog/product/option', $vars); | 
            
                            
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                        }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        return $html;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                                                                
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                        
            
                                    
            
            
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                }  | 
            
            
                                                        
            
                                    
            
            
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If you define a variable conditionally, it can happen that it is not defined for all execution paths.
Let’s take a look at an example:
In the above example, the variable $x is defined if you pass “foo” or “bar” as argument for $a. However, since the switch statement has no default case statement, if you pass any other value, the variable $x would be undefined.
Available Fixes
Check for existence of the variable explicitly:
Define a default value for the variable:
Add a value for the missing path: