zipline.finance.performance.PerformanceTracker.__repr__() - Code Metrics - quantopian/zipline - Measure and Improve Code Quality continuously with Scrutinizer

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last analyzed 2016-01-08 22:03 UTC

↳ Parent: zipline.finance.performance.PerformanceTracker

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#
# Copyright 2015 Quantopian, Inc.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

"""

Performance Tracking
====================

    +-----------------+----------------------------------------------------+
    | key             | value                                              |
    +=================+====================================================+
    | period_start    | The beginning of the period to be tracked. datetime|
    |                 | in pytz.utc timezone. Will always be 0:00 on the   |
    |                 | date in UTC. The fact that the time may be on the  |
    |                 | prior day in the exchange's local time is ignored  |
    +-----------------+----------------------------------------------------+
    | period_end      | The end of the period to be tracked. datetime      |
    |                 | in pytz.utc timezone. Will always be 23:59 on the  |
    |                 | date in UTC. The fact that the time may be on the  |
    |                 | next day in the exchange's local time is ignored   |
    +-----------------+----------------------------------------------------+
    | progress        | percentage of test completed                       |
    +-----------------+----------------------------------------------------+
    | capital_base    | The initial capital assumed for this tracker.      |
    +-----------------+----------------------------------------------------+
    | cumulative_perf | A dictionary representing the cumulative           |
    |                 | performance through all the events delivered to    |
    |                 | this tracker. For details see the comments on      |
    |                 | :py:meth:`PerformancePeriod.to_dict`               |
    +-----------------+----------------------------------------------------+
    | todays_perf     | A dictionary representing the cumulative           |
    |                 | performance through all the events delivered to    |
    |                 | this tracker with datetime stamps between last_open|
    |                 | and last_close. For details see the comments on    |
    |                 | :py:meth:`PerformancePeriod.to_dict`               |
    |                 | TODO: adding this because we calculate it. May be  |
    |                 | overkill.                                          |
    +-----------------+----------------------------------------------------+
    | cumulative_risk | A dictionary representing the risk metrics         |
    | _metrics        | calculated based on the positions aggregated       |
    |                 | through all the events delivered to this tracker.  |
    |                 | For details look at the comments for               |
    |                 | :py:meth:`zipline.finance.risk.RiskMetrics.to_dict`|
    +-----------------+----------------------------------------------------+

"""

from __future__ import division
import logbook
import pickle
from six import iteritems
from datetime import datetime

import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
from pandas.tseries.tools import normalize_date

import zipline.finance.risk as risk
from . period import PerformancePeriod

from zipline.utils.serialization_utils import (
    VERSION_LABEL
)
from . position_tracker import PositionTracker

log = logbook.Logger('Performance')


class PerformanceTracker(object):
    """
    Tracks the performance of the algorithm.
    """
    def __init__(self, sim_params, env):

        self.sim_params = sim_params
        self.env = env

        self.period_start = self.sim_params.period_start
        self.period_end = self.sim_params.period_end
        self.last_close = self.sim_params.last_close
        first_open = self.sim_params.first_open.tz_convert(
            self.env.exchange_tz
        )
        self.day = pd.Timestamp(datetime(first_open.year, first_open.month,
                                         first_open.day), tz='UTC')
        self.market_open, self.market_close = env.get_open_and_close(self.day)
        self.total_days = self.sim_params.days_in_period
        self.capital_base = self.sim_params.capital_base
        self.emission_rate = sim_params.emission_rate

        all_trading_days = env.trading_days
        mask = ((all_trading_days >= normalize_date(self.period_start)) &
                (all_trading_days <= normalize_date(self.period_end)))

        self.trading_days = all_trading_days[mask]

        self.dividend_frame = pd.DataFrame()
        self._dividend_count = 0

        self.position_tracker = PositionTracker(asset_finder=env.asset_finder)

        if self.emission_rate == 'daily':
            self.all_benchmark_returns = pd.Series(
                index=self.trading_days)
            self.cumulative_risk_metrics = \
                risk.RiskMetricsCumulative(self.sim_params, self.env)

        elif self.emission_rate == 'minute':
            self.all_benchmark_returns = pd.Series(index=pd.date_range(
                self.sim_params.first_open, self.sim_params.last_close,
                freq='Min'))

            self.cumulative_risk_metrics = \
                risk.RiskMetricsCumulative(self.sim_params, self.env,
                                           create_first_day_stats=True)

        # this performance period will span the entire simulation from
        # inception.
        self.cumulative_performance = PerformancePeriod(
            # initial cash is your capital base.
            starting_cash=self.capital_base,
            # the cumulative period will be calculated over the entire test.
            period_open=self.period_start,
            period_close=self.period_end,
            # don't save the transactions for the cumulative
            # period
            keep_transactions=False,
            keep_orders=False,
            # don't serialize positions for cumulative period
            serialize_positions=False,
            asset_finder=self.env.asset_finder,
        )
        self.cumulative_performance.position_tracker = self.position_tracker

        # this performance period will span just the current market day
        self.todays_performance = PerformancePeriod(
            # initial cash is your capital base.
            starting_cash=self.capital_base,
            # the daily period will be calculated for the market day
            period_open=self.market_open,
            period_close=self.market_close,
            keep_transactions=True,
            keep_orders=True,
            serialize_positions=True,
            asset_finder=self.env.asset_finder,
        )
        self.todays_performance.position_tracker = self.position_tracker

        self.saved_dt = self.period_start
        # one indexed so that we reach 100%
        self.day_count = 0.0
        self.txn_count = 0

        self.account_needs_update = True
        self._account = None

    def __repr__(self):
        return "%s(%r)" % (
            self.__class__.__name__,
            {'simulation parameters': self.sim_params})

    @property
    def progress(self):
        if self.emission_rate == 'minute':
            # Fake a value
            return 1.0
        elif self.emission_rate == 'daily':
            return self.day_count / self.total_days

    def set_date(self, date):
        if self.emission_rate == 'minute':
            self.saved_dt = date
            self.todays_performance.period_close = self.saved_dt

    def update_dividends(self, new_dividends):
        """
        Update our dividend frame with new dividends.  @new_dividends should be
        a DataFrame with columns containing at least the entries in
        zipline.protocol.DIVIDEND_FIELDS.
        """

        # Mark each new dividend with a unique integer id.  This ensures that
        # we can differentiate dividends whose date/sid fields are otherwise
        # identical.
        new_dividends['id'] = np.arange(
            self._dividend_count,
            self._dividend_count + len(new_dividends),
        )
        self._dividend_count += len(new_dividends)

        self.dividend_frame = pd.concat(
            [self.dividend_frame, new_dividends]
        ).sort(['pay_date', 'ex_date']).set_index('id', drop=False)

    def initialize_dividends_from_other(self, other):
        """
        Helper for copying dividends to a new PerformanceTracker while
        preserving dividend count.  Useful if a simulation needs to create a
        new PerformanceTracker mid-stream and wants to preserve stored dividend
        info.

        Note that this does not copy unpaid dividends.
        """
        self.dividend_frame = other.dividend_frame
        self._dividend_count = other._dividend_count

    def handle_sid_removed_from_universe(self, sid):
        """
        This method handles any behaviors that must occur when a SID leaves the
        universe of the TradingAlgorithm.

        Parameters
        __________
        sid : int
            The sid of the Asset being removed from the universe.
        """

        # Drop any dividends for the sid from the dividends frame
        self.dividend_frame = self.dividend_frame[
            self.dividend_frame.sid != sid
        ]

    def update_performance(self):
        # calculate performance as of last trade
        self.cumulative_performance.calculate_performance()
        self.todays_performance.calculate_performance()

    def get_portfolio(self, performance_needs_update):
        if performance_needs_update:
            self.update_performance()
            self.account_needs_update = True
        return self.cumulative_performance.as_portfolio()

    def get_account(self, performance_needs_update):
        if performance_needs_update:
            self.update_performance()
            self.account_needs_update = True
        if self.account_needs_update:
            self._update_account()
        return self._account

    def _update_account(self):
        self._account = self.cumulative_performance.as_account()
        self.account_needs_update = False

    def to_dict(self, emission_type=None):
        """
        Creates a dictionary representing the state of this tracker.
        Returns a dict object of the form described in header comments.
        """

        # Default to the emission rate of this tracker if no type is provided
        if emission_type is None:
            emission_type = self.emission_rate

        _dict = {
            'period_start': self.period_start,
            'period_end': self.period_end,
            'capital_base': self.capital_base,
            'cumulative_perf': self.cumulative_performance.to_dict(),
            'progress': self.progress,
            'cumulative_risk_metrics': self.cumulative_risk_metrics.to_dict()
        }
        if emission_type == 'daily':
            _dict['daily_perf'] = self.todays_performance.to_dict()
        elif emission_type == 'minute':
            _dict['minute_perf'] = self.todays_performance.to_dict(
                self.saved_dt)
        else:
            raise ValueError("Invalid emission type: %s" % emission_type)

        return _dict

    def _handle_event_price(self, event):
        self.position_tracker.update_last_sale(event)

    def process_trade(self, event):
        self._handle_event_price(event)

    def process_transaction(self, event):
        self._handle_event_price(event)
        self.txn_count += 1
        self.cumulative_performance.handle_execution(event)
        self.todays_performance.handle_execution(event)
        self.position_tracker.execute_transaction(event)

    def process_dividend(self, dividend):

        log.info("Ignoring DIVIDEND event.")

    def process_split(self, event):
        leftover_cash = self.position_tracker.handle_split(event)
        if leftover_cash > 0:
            self.cumulative_performance.handle_cash_payment(leftover_cash)
            self.todays_performance.handle_cash_payment(leftover_cash)

    def process_order(self, event):
        self.cumulative_performance.record_order(event)
        self.todays_performance.record_order(event)

    def process_commission(self, commission):
        sid = commission.sid
        cost = commission.cost

        self.position_tracker.handle_commission(sid, cost)
        self.cumulative_performance.handle_commission(cost)
        self.todays_performance.handle_commission(cost)

    def process_benchmark(self, event):
        if self.sim_params.data_frequency == 'minute' and \
           self.sim_params.emission_rate == 'daily':
            # Minute data benchmarks should have a timestamp of market
            # close, so that calculations are triggered at the right time.
            # However, risk module uses midnight as the 'day'
            # marker for returns, so adjust back to midnight.
            midnight = pd.tseries.tools.normalize_date(event.dt)
        else:
            midnight = event.dt

        if midnight not in self.all_benchmark_returns.index:
            raise AssertionError(
                ("Date %s not allocated in all_benchmark_returns. "
                 "Calendar seems to mismatch with benchmark. "
                 "Benchmark container is=%s" %
                 (midnight,
                  self.all_benchmark_returns.index)))

        self.all_benchmark_returns[midnight] = event.returns

    def process_close_position(self, event):

        # CLOSE_POSITION events that contain prices that must be handled as
        # a final trade event
        if 'price' in event:
            self.process_trade(event)

        txn = self.position_tracker.\
            maybe_create_close_position_transaction(event)
        if txn:
            self.process_transaction(txn)

    def check_upcoming_dividends(self, next_trading_day):
        """
        Check if we currently own any stocks with dividends whose ex_date is
        the next trading day.  Track how much we should be payed on those
        dividends' pay dates.

        Then check if we are owed cash/stock for any dividends whose pay date
        is the next trading day.  Apply all such benefits, then recalculate
        performance.
        """
        if len(self.dividend_frame) == 0:
            # We don't currently know about any dividends for this simulation
            # period, so bail.
            return

        # Dividends whose ex_date is the next trading day.  We need to check if
        # we own any of these stocks so we know to pay them out when the pay
        # date comes.
        ex_date_mask = (self.dividend_frame['ex_date'] == next_trading_day)
        dividends_earnable = self.dividend_frame[ex_date_mask]

        # Dividends whose pay date is the next trading day.  If we held any of
        # these stocks on midnight before the ex_date, we need to pay these out
        # now.
        pay_date_mask = (self.dividend_frame['pay_date'] == next_trading_day)
        dividends_payable = self.dividend_frame[pay_date_mask]

        position_tracker = self.position_tracker
        if len(dividends_earnable):
            position_tracker.earn_dividends(dividends_earnable)

        if not len(dividends_payable):
            return

        net_cash_payment = position_tracker.pay_dividends(dividends_payable)

        self.cumulative_performance.handle_dividends_paid(net_cash_payment)
        self.todays_performance.handle_dividends_paid(net_cash_payment)

    def check_asset_auto_closes(self, next_trading_day):
        """
        Check if the position tracker currently owns any Assets with an
        auto-close date that is the next trading day.  Close those positions.

        Parameters
        ----------
        next_trading_day : pandas.Timestamp
            The next trading day of the simulation
        """
        auto_close_events = self.position_tracker.auto_close_position_events(
            next_trading_day=next_trading_day
        )
        for event in auto_close_events:
            self.process_close_position(event)

    def handle_minute_close(self, dt):
        """
        Handles the close of the given minute. This includes handling
        market-close functions if the given minute is the end of the market
        day.

        Parameters
        __________
        dt : Timestamp
            The minute that is ending

        Returns
        _______
        (dict, dict/None)
            A tuple of the minute perf packet and daily perf packet.
            If the market day has not ended, the daily perf packet is None.
        """
        self.update_performance()
        todays_date = normalize_date(dt)
        account = self.get_account(False)

        bench_returns = self.all_benchmark_returns.loc[todays_date:dt]
        # cumulative returns
        bench_since_open = (1. + bench_returns).prod() - 1

        self.cumulative_risk_metrics.update(todays_date,
                                            self.todays_performance.returns,
                                            bench_since_open,
                                            account.leverage)

        minute_packet = self.to_dict(emission_type='minute')

        # if this is the close, update dividends for the next day.
        # Return the performance tuple
        if dt == self.market_close:
            return (minute_packet, self._handle_market_close(todays_date))
        else:
            return (minute_packet, None)

    def handle_market_close_daily(self):
        """
        Function called after handle_data when running with daily emission
        rate.
        """
        self.update_performance()
        completed_date = self.day
        account = self.get_account(False)

        # update risk metrics for cumulative performance
        self.cumulative_risk_metrics.update(
            completed_date,
            self.todays_performance.returns,
            self.all_benchmark_returns[completed_date],
            account.leverage)

        return self._handle_market_close(completed_date)

    def _handle_market_close(self, completed_date):

        # increment the day counter before we move markers forward.
        self.day_count += 1.0

        # Get the next trading day and, if it is past the bounds of this
        # simulation, return the daily perf packet
        next_trading_day = self.env.next_trading_day(completed_date)

        # Check if any assets need to be auto-closed before generating today's
        # perf period
        if next_trading_day:
            self.check_asset_auto_closes(next_trading_day=next_trading_day)

        # Take a snapshot of our current performance to return to the
        # browser.
        daily_update = self.to_dict(emission_type='daily')

        # On the last day of the test, don't create tomorrow's performance
        # period.  We may not be able to find the next trading day if we're at
        # the end of our historical data
        if self.market_close >= self.last_close:
            return daily_update

        # move the market day markers forward
        self.market_open, self.market_close = \
            self.env.next_open_and_close(self.day)
        self.day = self.env.next_trading_day(self.day)

        # Roll over positions to current day.
        self.todays_performance.rollover()
        self.todays_performance.period_open = self.market_open
        self.todays_performance.period_close = self.market_close

        # If the next trading day is irrelevant, then return the daily packet
        if (next_trading_day is None) or (next_trading_day >= self.last_close):
            return daily_update

        # Check for any dividends and auto-closes, then return the daily perf
        # packet
        self.check_upcoming_dividends(next_trading_day=next_trading_day)
        return daily_update

    def handle_simulation_end(self):
        """
        When the simulation is complete, run the full period risk report
        and send it out on the results socket.
        """

        log_msg = "Simulated {n} trading days out of {m}."
        log.info(log_msg.format(n=int(self.day_count), m=self.total_days))
        log.info("first open: {d}".format(
            d=self.sim_params.first_open))
        log.info("last close: {d}".format(
            d=self.sim_params.last_close))

        bms = pd.Series(
            index=self.cumulative_risk_metrics.cont_index,
            data=self.cumulative_risk_metrics.benchmark_returns_cont)
        ars = pd.Series(
            index=self.cumulative_risk_metrics.cont_index,
            data=self.cumulative_risk_metrics.algorithm_returns_cont)
        acl = self.cumulative_risk_metrics.algorithm_cumulative_leverages
        self.risk_report = risk.RiskReport(
            ars,
            self.sim_params,
            benchmark_returns=bms,
            algorithm_leverages=acl,
            env=self.env)

        risk_dict = self.risk_report.to_dict()
        return risk_dict

    def __getstate__(self):
        state_dict = \
            {k: v for k, v in iteritems(self.__dict__)
                if not k.startswith('_')}

        state_dict['dividend_frame'] = pickle.dumps(self.dividend_frame)

        state_dict['_dividend_count'] = self._dividend_count

        STATE_VERSION = 4
        state_dict[VERSION_LABEL] = STATE_VERSION

        return state_dict

    def __setstate__(self, state):

        OLDEST_SUPPORTED_STATE = 4
        version = state.pop(VERSION_LABEL)

        if version < OLDEST_SUPPORTED_STATE:
            raise BaseException("PerformanceTracker saved state is too old.")

        self.__dict__.update(state)

        # Handle the dividend frame specially
        self.dividend_frame = pickle.loads(state['dividend_frame'])

        # properly setup the perf periods
        p_types = ['cumulative', 'todays']
        for p_type in p_types:
            name = p_type + '_performance'
            period = getattr(self, name, None)
            if period is None:
                continue
            period._position_tracker = self.position_tracker


1			#
2			# Copyright 2015 Quantopian, Inc.
3			#
4			# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
5			# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
6			# You may obtain a copy of the License at
7			#
8			# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
9			#
10			# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
11			# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
12			# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
13			# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
14			# limitations under the License.
15
16			"""
17
18			Performance Tracking
19			====================
20
21			+-----------------+----------------------------------------------------+
22			\| key \| value \|
23			+=================+====================================================+
24			\| period_start \| The beginning of the period to be tracked. datetime\|
25			\| \| in pytz.utc timezone. Will always be 0:00 on the \|
26			\| \| date in UTC. The fact that the time may be on the \|
27			\| \| prior day in the exchange's local time is ignored \|
28			+-----------------+----------------------------------------------------+
29			\| period_end \| The end of the period to be tracked. datetime \|
30			\| \| in pytz.utc timezone. Will always be 23:59 on the \|
31			\| \| date in UTC. The fact that the time may be on the \|
32			\| \| next day in the exchange's local time is ignored \|
33			+-----------------+----------------------------------------------------+
34			\| progress \| percentage of test completed \|
35			+-----------------+----------------------------------------------------+
36			\| capital_base \| The initial capital assumed for this tracker. \|
37			+-----------------+----------------------------------------------------+
38			\| cumulative_perf \| A dictionary representing the cumulative \|
39			\| \| performance through all the events delivered to \|
40			\| \| this tracker. For details see the comments on \|
41			\| \| :py:meth:`PerformancePeriod.to_dict` \|
42			+-----------------+----------------------------------------------------+
43			\| todays_perf \| A dictionary representing the cumulative \|
44			\| \| performance through all the events delivered to \|
45			\| \| this tracker with datetime stamps between last_open\|
46			\| \| and last_close. For details see the comments on \|
47			\| \| :py:meth:`PerformancePeriod.to_dict` \|
48			\| \| TODO: adding this because we calculate it. May be \|
49			\| \| overkill. \|
50			+-----------------+----------------------------------------------------+
51			\| cumulative_risk \| A dictionary representing the risk metrics \|
52			\| _metrics \| calculated based on the positions aggregated \|
53			\| \| through all the events delivered to this tracker. \|
54			\| \| For details look at the comments for \|
55			\| \| :py:meth:`zipline.finance.risk.RiskMetrics.to_dict`\|
56			+-----------------+----------------------------------------------------+
57
58			"""
59
60			from __future__ import division
61			import logbook
62			import pickle
63			from six import iteritems
64			from datetime import datetime
65
66			import numpy as np
67			import pandas as pd
68			from pandas.tseries.tools import normalize_date
69
70			import zipline.finance.risk as risk
71			from . period import PerformancePeriod
72
73			from zipline.utils.serialization_utils import (
74			VERSION_LABEL
75			)
76			from . position_tracker import PositionTracker
77
78			log = logbook.Logger('Performance')
79
80
81			class PerformanceTracker(object):
82			"""
83			Tracks the performance of the algorithm.
84			"""
85			def __init__(self, sim_params, env):
86
87			self.sim_params = sim_params
88			self.env = env
89
90			self.period_start = self.sim_params.period_start
91			self.period_end = self.sim_params.period_end
92			self.last_close = self.sim_params.last_close
93			first_open = self.sim_params.first_open.tz_convert(
94			self.env.exchange_tz
95			)
96			self.day = pd.Timestamp(datetime(first_open.year, first_open.month,
97			first_open.day), tz='UTC')
98			self.market_open, self.market_close = env.get_open_and_close(self.day)
99			self.total_days = self.sim_params.days_in_period
100			self.capital_base = self.sim_params.capital_base
101			self.emission_rate = sim_params.emission_rate
102
103			all_trading_days = env.trading_days
104			mask = ((all_trading_days >= normalize_date(self.period_start)) &
105			(all_trading_days <= normalize_date(self.period_end)))
106
107			self.trading_days = all_trading_days[mask]
108
109			self.dividend_frame = pd.DataFrame()
110			self._dividend_count = 0
111
112			self.position_tracker = PositionTracker(asset_finder=env.asset_finder)
113
114			if self.emission_rate == 'daily':
115			self.all_benchmark_returns = pd.Series(
116			index=self.trading_days)
117			self.cumulative_risk_metrics = \
118			risk.RiskMetricsCumulative(self.sim_params, self.env)
119
120			elif self.emission_rate == 'minute':
121			self.all_benchmark_returns = pd.Series(index=pd.date_range(
122			self.sim_params.first_open, self.sim_params.last_close,
123			freq='Min'))
124
125			self.cumulative_risk_metrics = \
126			risk.RiskMetricsCumulative(self.sim_params, self.env,
127			create_first_day_stats=True)
128
129			# this performance period will span the entire simulation from
130			# inception.
131			self.cumulative_performance = PerformancePeriod(
132			# initial cash is your capital base.
133			starting_cash=self.capital_base,
134			# the cumulative period will be calculated over the entire test.
135			period_open=self.period_start,
136			period_close=self.period_end,
137			# don't save the transactions for the cumulative
138			# period
139			keep_transactions=False,
140			keep_orders=False,
141			# don't serialize positions for cumulative period
142			serialize_positions=False,
143			asset_finder=self.env.asset_finder,
144			)
145			self.cumulative_performance.position_tracker = self.position_tracker
146
147			# this performance period will span just the current market day
148			self.todays_performance = PerformancePeriod(
149			# initial cash is your capital base.
150			starting_cash=self.capital_base,
151			# the daily period will be calculated for the market day
152			period_open=self.market_open,
153			period_close=self.market_close,
154			keep_transactions=True,
155			keep_orders=True,
156			serialize_positions=True,
157			asset_finder=self.env.asset_finder,
158			)
159			self.todays_performance.position_tracker = self.position_tracker
160
161			self.saved_dt = self.period_start
162			# one indexed so that we reach 100%
163			self.day_count = 0.0
164			self.txn_count = 0
165
166			self.account_needs_update = True
167			self._account = None
168
169			def __repr__(self):
170			return "%s(%r)" % (
171			self.__class__.__name__,
172			{'simulation parameters': self.sim_params})
173
174			@property
175			def progress(self):
176			if self.emission_rate == 'minute':
177			# Fake a value
178			return 1.0
179			elif self.emission_rate == 'daily':
180			return self.day_count / self.total_days
181
182			def set_date(self, date):
183			if self.emission_rate == 'minute':
184			self.saved_dt = date
185			self.todays_performance.period_close = self.saved_dt
186
187			def update_dividends(self, new_dividends):
188			"""
189			Update our dividend frame with new dividends. @new_dividends should be
190			a DataFrame with columns containing at least the entries in
191			zipline.protocol.DIVIDEND_FIELDS.
192			"""
193
194			# Mark each new dividend with a unique integer id. This ensures that
195			# we can differentiate dividends whose date/sid fields are otherwise
196			# identical.
197			new_dividends['id'] = np.arange(
198			self._dividend_count,
199			self._dividend_count + len(new_dividends),
200			)
201			self._dividend_count += len(new_dividends)
202
203			self.dividend_frame = pd.concat(
204			[self.dividend_frame, new_dividends]
205			).sort(['pay_date', 'ex_date']).set_index('id', drop=False)
206
207			def initialize_dividends_from_other(self, other):
208			"""
209			Helper for copying dividends to a new PerformanceTracker while
210			preserving dividend count. Useful if a simulation needs to create a
211			new PerformanceTracker mid-stream and wants to preserve stored dividend
212			info.
213
214			Note that this does not copy unpaid dividends.
215			"""
216			self.dividend_frame = other.dividend_frame
217			self._dividend_count = other._dividend_count
218
219			def handle_sid_removed_from_universe(self, sid):
220			"""
221			This method handles any behaviors that must occur when a SID leaves the
222			universe of the TradingAlgorithm.
223
224			Parameters
225			__________
226			sid : int
227			The sid of the Asset being removed from the universe.
228			"""
229
230			# Drop any dividends for the sid from the dividends frame
231			self.dividend_frame = self.dividend_frame[
232			self.dividend_frame.sid != sid
233			]
234
235			def update_performance(self):
236			# calculate performance as of last trade
237			self.cumulative_performance.calculate_performance()
238			self.todays_performance.calculate_performance()
239
240			def get_portfolio(self, performance_needs_update):
241			if performance_needs_update:
242			self.update_performance()
243			self.account_needs_update = True
244			return self.cumulative_performance.as_portfolio()
245
246			def get_account(self, performance_needs_update):
247			if performance_needs_update:
248			self.update_performance()
249			self.account_needs_update = True
250			if self.account_needs_update:
251			self._update_account()
252			return self._account
253
254			def _update_account(self):
255			self._account = self.cumulative_performance.as_account()
256			self.account_needs_update = False
257
258			def to_dict(self, emission_type=None):
259			"""
260			Creates a dictionary representing the state of this tracker.
261			Returns a dict object of the form described in header comments.
262			"""
263
264			# Default to the emission rate of this tracker if no type is provided
265			if emission_type is None:
266			emission_type = self.emission_rate
267
268			_dict = {
269			'period_start': self.period_start,
270			'period_end': self.period_end,
271			'capital_base': self.capital_base,
272			'cumulative_perf': self.cumulative_performance.to_dict(),
273			'progress': self.progress,
274			'cumulative_risk_metrics': self.cumulative_risk_metrics.to_dict()
275			}
276			if emission_type == 'daily':
277			_dict['daily_perf'] = self.todays_performance.to_dict()
278			elif emission_type == 'minute':
279			_dict['minute_perf'] = self.todays_performance.to_dict(
280			self.saved_dt)
281			else:
282			raise ValueError("Invalid emission type: %s" % emission_type)
283
284			return _dict
285
286			def _handle_event_price(self, event):
287			self.position_tracker.update_last_sale(event)
288
289			def process_trade(self, event):
290			self._handle_event_price(event)
291
292			def process_transaction(self, event):
293			self._handle_event_price(event)
294			self.txn_count += 1
295			self.cumulative_performance.handle_execution(event)
296			self.todays_performance.handle_execution(event)
297			self.position_tracker.execute_transaction(event)
298
299			def process_dividend(self, dividend):
300
301			log.info("Ignoring DIVIDEND event.")
302
303			def process_split(self, event):
304			leftover_cash = self.position_tracker.handle_split(event)
305			if leftover_cash > 0:
306			self.cumulative_performance.handle_cash_payment(leftover_cash)
307			self.todays_performance.handle_cash_payment(leftover_cash)
308
309			def process_order(self, event):
310			self.cumulative_performance.record_order(event)
311			self.todays_performance.record_order(event)
312
313			def process_commission(self, commission):
314			sid = commission.sid
315			cost = commission.cost
316
317			self.position_tracker.handle_commission(sid, cost)
318			self.cumulative_performance.handle_commission(cost)
319			self.todays_performance.handle_commission(cost)
320
321			def process_benchmark(self, event):
322			if self.sim_params.data_frequency == 'minute' and \
323			self.sim_params.emission_rate == 'daily':
324			# Minute data benchmarks should have a timestamp of market
325			# close, so that calculations are triggered at the right time.
326			# However, risk module uses midnight as the 'day'
327			# marker for returns, so adjust back to midnight.
328			midnight = pd.tseries.tools.normalize_date(event.dt)
329			else:
330			midnight = event.dt
331
332			if midnight not in self.all_benchmark_returns.index:
333			raise AssertionError(
334			("Date %s not allocated in all_benchmark_returns. "
335			"Calendar seems to mismatch with benchmark. "
336			"Benchmark container is=%s" %
337			(midnight,
338			self.all_benchmark_returns.index)))
339
340			self.all_benchmark_returns[midnight] = event.returns
341
342			def process_close_position(self, event):
343
344			# CLOSE_POSITION events that contain prices that must be handled as
345			# a final trade event
346			if 'price' in event:
347			self.process_trade(event)
348
349			txn = self.position_tracker.\
350			maybe_create_close_position_transaction(event)
351			if txn:
352			self.process_transaction(txn)
353
354			def check_upcoming_dividends(self, next_trading_day):
355			"""
356			Check if we currently own any stocks with dividends whose ex_date is
357			the next trading day. Track how much we should be payed on those
358			dividends' pay dates.
359
360			Then check if we are owed cash/stock for any dividends whose pay date
361			is the next trading day. Apply all such benefits, then recalculate
362			performance.
363			"""
364			if len(self.dividend_frame) == 0:
365			# We don't currently know about any dividends for this simulation
366			# period, so bail.
367			return
368
369			# Dividends whose ex_date is the next trading day. We need to check if
370			# we own any of these stocks so we know to pay them out when the pay
371			# date comes.
372			ex_date_mask = (self.dividend_frame['ex_date'] == next_trading_day)
373			dividends_earnable = self.dividend_frame[ex_date_mask]
374
375			# Dividends whose pay date is the next trading day. If we held any of
376			# these stocks on midnight before the ex_date, we need to pay these out
377			# now.
378			pay_date_mask = (self.dividend_frame['pay_date'] == next_trading_day)
379			dividends_payable = self.dividend_frame[pay_date_mask]
380
381			position_tracker = self.position_tracker
382			if len(dividends_earnable):
383			position_tracker.earn_dividends(dividends_earnable)
384
385			if not len(dividends_payable):
386			return
387
388			net_cash_payment = position_tracker.pay_dividends(dividends_payable)
389
390			self.cumulative_performance.handle_dividends_paid(net_cash_payment)
391			self.todays_performance.handle_dividends_paid(net_cash_payment)
392
393			def check_asset_auto_closes(self, next_trading_day):
394			"""
395			Check if the position tracker currently owns any Assets with an
396			auto-close date that is the next trading day. Close those positions.
397
398			Parameters
399			----------
400			next_trading_day : pandas.Timestamp
401			The next trading day of the simulation
402			"""
403			auto_close_events = self.position_tracker.auto_close_position_events(
404			next_trading_day=next_trading_day
405			)
406			for event in auto_close_events:
407			self.process_close_position(event)
408
409			def handle_minute_close(self, dt):
410			"""
411			Handles the close of the given minute. This includes handling
412			market-close functions if the given minute is the end of the market
413			day.
414
415			Parameters
416			__________
417			dt : Timestamp
418			The minute that is ending
419
420			Returns
421			_______
422			(dict, dict/None)
423			A tuple of the minute perf packet and daily perf packet.
424			If the market day has not ended, the daily perf packet is None.
425			"""
426			self.update_performance()
427			todays_date = normalize_date(dt)
428			account = self.get_account(False)
429
430			bench_returns = self.all_benchmark_returns.loc[todays_date:dt]
431			# cumulative returns
432			bench_since_open = (1. + bench_returns).prod() - 1
433
434			self.cumulative_risk_metrics.update(todays_date,
435			self.todays_performance.returns,
436			bench_since_open,
437			account.leverage)
438
439			minute_packet = self.to_dict(emission_type='minute')
440
441			# if this is the close, update dividends for the next day.
442			# Return the performance tuple
443			if dt == self.market_close:
444			return (minute_packet, self._handle_market_close(todays_date))
445			else:
446			return (minute_packet, None)
447
448			def handle_market_close_daily(self):
449			"""
450			Function called after handle_data when running with daily emission
451			rate.
452			"""
453			self.update_performance()
454			completed_date = self.day
455			account = self.get_account(False)
456
457			# update risk metrics for cumulative performance
458			self.cumulative_risk_metrics.update(
459			completed_date,
460			self.todays_performance.returns,
461			self.all_benchmark_returns[completed_date],
462			account.leverage)
463
464			return self._handle_market_close(completed_date)
465
466			def _handle_market_close(self, completed_date):
467
468			# increment the day counter before we move markers forward.
469			self.day_count += 1.0
470
471			# Get the next trading day and, if it is past the bounds of this
472			# simulation, return the daily perf packet
473			next_trading_day = self.env.next_trading_day(completed_date)
474
475			# Check if any assets need to be auto-closed before generating today's
476			# perf period
477			if next_trading_day:
478			self.check_asset_auto_closes(next_trading_day=next_trading_day)
479
480			# Take a snapshot of our current performance to return to the
481			# browser.
482			daily_update = self.to_dict(emission_type='daily')
483
484			# On the last day of the test, don't create tomorrow's performance
485			# period. We may not be able to find the next trading day if we're at
486			# the end of our historical data
487			if self.market_close >= self.last_close:
488			return daily_update
489
490			# move the market day markers forward
491			self.market_open, self.market_close = \
492			self.env.next_open_and_close(self.day)
493			self.day = self.env.next_trading_day(self.day)
494
495			# Roll over positions to current day.
496			self.todays_performance.rollover()
497			self.todays_performance.period_open = self.market_open
498			self.todays_performance.period_close = self.market_close
499
500			# If the next trading day is irrelevant, then return the daily packet
501			if (next_trading_day is None) or (next_trading_day >= self.last_close):
502			return daily_update
503
504			# Check for any dividends and auto-closes, then return the daily perf
505			# packet
506			self.check_upcoming_dividends(next_trading_day=next_trading_day)
507			return daily_update
508
509			def handle_simulation_end(self):
510			"""
511			When the simulation is complete, run the full period risk report
512			and send it out on the results socket.
513			"""
514
515			log_msg = "Simulated {n} trading days out of {m}."
516			log.info(log_msg.format(n=int(self.day_count), m=self.total_days))
517			log.info("first open: {d}".format(
518			d=self.sim_params.first_open))
519			log.info("last close: {d}".format(
520			d=self.sim_params.last_close))
521
522			bms = pd.Series(
523			index=self.cumulative_risk_metrics.cont_index,
524			data=self.cumulative_risk_metrics.benchmark_returns_cont)
525			ars = pd.Series(
526			index=self.cumulative_risk_metrics.cont_index,
527			data=self.cumulative_risk_metrics.algorithm_returns_cont)
528			acl = self.cumulative_risk_metrics.algorithm_cumulative_leverages
529			self.risk_report = risk.RiskReport(
530			ars,
531			self.sim_params,
532			benchmark_returns=bms,
533			algorithm_leverages=acl,
534			env=self.env)
535
536			risk_dict = self.risk_report.to_dict()
537			return risk_dict
538
539			def __getstate__(self):
540			state_dict = \
541			{k: v for k, v in iteritems(self.__dict__)
542			if not k.startswith('_')}
543
544			state_dict['dividend_frame'] = pickle.dumps(self.dividend_frame)
545
546			state_dict['_dividend_count'] = self._dividend_count
547
548			STATE_VERSION = 4
549			state_dict[VERSION_LABEL] = STATE_VERSION
550
551			return state_dict
552
553			def __setstate__(self, state):
554
555			OLDEST_SUPPORTED_STATE = 4
556			version = state.pop(VERSION_LABEL)
557
558			if version < OLDEST_SUPPORTED_STATE:
559			raise BaseException("PerformanceTracker saved state is too old.")
560
561			self.__dict__.update(state)
562
563			# Handle the dividend frame specially
564			self.dividend_frame = pickle.loads(state['dividend_frame'])
565
566			# properly setup the perf periods
567			p_types = ['cumulative', 'todays']
568			for p_type in p_types:
569			name = p_type + '_performance'
570			period = getattr(self, name, None)
571			if period is None:
572			continue
573			period._position_tracker = self.position_tracker
574

quantopian / zipline

__repr__() A last analyzed 2016-01-08 22:03 UTC

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repr() A
last analyzed 2016-01-08 22:03 UTC