Duplicate code is one of the most pungent code smells. A rule that is often used is to re-structure code once it is duplicated in three or more places.
Common duplication problems, and corresponding solutions are:
Complex classes like Formatter often do a lot of different things. To break such a class down, we need to identify a cohesive component within that class. A common approach to find such a component is to look for fields/methods that share the same prefixes, or suffixes. You can also have a look at the cohesion graph to spot any un-connected, or weakly-connected components.
Once you have determined the fields that belong together, you can apply the Extract Class refactoring. If the component makes sense as a sub-class, Extract Subclass is also a candidate, and is often faster.
While breaking up the class, it is a good idea to analyze how other classes use Formatter, and based on these observations, apply Extract Interface, too.
1 | <?php |
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25 | class Formatter |
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26 | { |
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27 | |||
28 | /** |
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29 | * The formatting options. |
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30 | * |
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31 | * @var array |
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32 | */ |
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33 | public $options; |
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34 | |||
35 | /** |
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36 | * Clauses that must be inlined. |
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37 | * |
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38 | * These clauses usually are short and it's nicer to have them inline. |
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39 | * |
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40 | * @var array |
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41 | */ |
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42 | public static $INLINE_CLAUSES = array( |
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43 | 'CREATE' => true, |
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44 | 'LIMIT' => true, |
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45 | 'PARTITION BY' => true, |
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46 | 'PARTITION' => true, |
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47 | 'PROCEDURE' => true, |
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48 | 'SUBPARTITION BY' => true, |
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49 | 'VALUES' => true, |
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50 | ); |
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51 | |||
52 | /** |
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53 | * Constructor. |
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54 | * |
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55 | * @param array $options The formatting options. |
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56 | */ |
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57 | 1 | public function __construct(array $options = array()) |
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58 | { |
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59 | // The specified formatting options are merged with the default values. |
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60 | 1 | $this->options = array_merge( |
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61 | array( |
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62 | |||
63 | /** |
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64 | * The format of the result. |
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65 | * |
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66 | * @var string The type ('text', 'cli' or 'html') |
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67 | */ |
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68 | 1 | 'type' => php_sapi_name() == 'cli' ? 'cli' : 'text', |
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69 | |||
70 | /** |
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71 | * The line ending used. |
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72 | * By default, for text this is "\n" and for HTML this is "<br/>". |
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73 | * |
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74 | * @var string |
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75 | */ |
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76 | 1 | 'line_ending' => $this->options['type'] == 'html' ? '<br/>' : "\n", |
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77 | |||
78 | /** |
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79 | * The string used for indentation. |
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80 | * |
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81 | * @var string |
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82 | */ |
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83 | 1 | 'indentation' => " ", |
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84 | |||
85 | /** |
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86 | * Whether comments should be removed or not. |
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87 | * |
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88 | * @var bool |
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89 | */ |
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90 | 1 | 'remove_comments' => false, |
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91 | |||
92 | /** |
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93 | * Whether each clause should be on a new line. |
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94 | * |
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95 | * @var bool |
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96 | */ |
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97 | 1 | 'clause_newline' => true, |
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98 | |||
99 | /** |
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100 | * Whether each part should be on a new line. |
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101 | * Parts are delimited by brackets and commas. |
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102 | * |
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103 | * @var bool |
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104 | */ |
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105 | 1 | 'parts_newline' => true, |
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106 | |||
107 | /** |
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108 | * Whether each part of each clause should be indented. |
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109 | * |
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110 | * @var bool |
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111 | */ |
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112 | 1 | 'indent_parts' => true, |
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113 | |||
114 | /** |
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115 | * The styles used for HTML formatting. |
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116 | * array($type, $flags, $span, $callback) |
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117 | * |
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118 | * @var array[] |
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119 | */ |
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120 | 'formats' => array( |
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121 | array( |
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122 | 1 | 'type' => Token::TYPE_KEYWORD, |
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123 | 1 | 'flags' => Token::FLAG_KEYWORD_RESERVED, |
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124 | 1 | 'html' => 'class="sql-reserved"', |
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125 | 1 | 'cli' => "\e[35m", |
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126 | 1 | 'function' => 'strtoupper', |
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127 | 1 | ), |
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128 | array( |
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129 | 1 | 'type' => Token::TYPE_KEYWORD, |
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130 | 1 | 'flags' => 0, |
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131 | 1 | 'html' => 'class="sql-keyword"', |
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132 | 1 | 'cli' => "\e[95m", |
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133 | 1 | 'function' => 'strtoupper', |
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134 | 1 | ), |
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135 | array( |
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136 | 1 | 'type' => Token::TYPE_COMMENT, |
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137 | 1 | 'flags' => 0, |
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138 | 1 | 'html' => 'class="sql-comment"', |
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139 | 1 | 'cli' => "\e[37m", |
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140 | 1 | 'function' => '', |
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141 | 1 | ), |
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142 | array( |
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143 | 1 | 'type' => Token::TYPE_BOOL, |
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144 | 1 | 'flags' => 0, |
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145 | 1 | 'html' => 'class="sql-atom"', |
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146 | 1 | 'cli' => "\e[36m", |
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147 | 1 | 'function' => 'strtoupper', |
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148 | 1 | ), |
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149 | array( |
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150 | 1 | 'type' => Token::TYPE_NUMBER, |
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151 | 1 | 'flags' => 0, |
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152 | 1 | 'html' => 'class="sql-number"', |
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153 | 1 | 'cli' => "\e[92m", |
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154 | 1 | 'function' => 'strtolower', |
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155 | 1 | ), |
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156 | array( |
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157 | 1 | 'type' => Token::TYPE_STRING, |
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158 | 1 | 'flags' => 0, |
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159 | 1 | 'html' => 'class="sql-string"', |
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160 | 1 | 'cli' => "\e[91m", |
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161 | 1 | 'function' => '', |
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162 | 1 | ), |
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163 | array( |
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164 | 1 | 'type' => Token::TYPE_SYMBOL, |
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165 | 1 | 'flags' => 0, |
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166 | 1 | 'html' => 'class="sql-variable"', |
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167 | 1 | 'cli' => "\e[36m", |
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168 | 1 | 'function' => '', |
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169 | 1 | ), |
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170 | ) |
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171 | 1 | ), |
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172 | $options |
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173 | 1 | ); |
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174 | |||
175 | // `parts_newline` requires `clause_newline` |
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176 | 1 | $this->options['parts_newline'] &= $this->options['clause_newline']; |
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177 | 1 | } |
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178 | |||
179 | /** |
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180 | * Formats the given list of tokens. |
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181 | * |
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182 | * @param TokensList $list The list of tokens. |
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183 | * |
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184 | * @return string |
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185 | */ |
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186 | 1 | public function formatList($list) |
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187 | { |
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188 | |||
189 | /** |
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190 | * The query to be returned. |
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191 | * |
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192 | * @var string $ret |
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193 | */ |
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194 | 1 | $ret = ''; |
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195 | |||
196 | /** |
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197 | * The indentation level. |
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198 | * |
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199 | * @var int $indent |
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200 | */ |
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201 | 1 | $indent = 0; |
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202 | |||
203 | /** |
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204 | * Whether the line ended. |
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205 | * |
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206 | * @var bool $lineEnded |
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207 | */ |
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208 | 1 | $lineEnded = false; |
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209 | |||
210 | /** |
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211 | * The name of the last clause. |
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212 | * |
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213 | * @var string $lastClause |
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214 | */ |
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215 | 1 | $lastClause = ''; |
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216 | |||
217 | /** |
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218 | * A stack that keeps track of the indentation level every time a new |
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219 | * block is found. |
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220 | * |
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221 | * @var array $blocksIndentation |
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222 | */ |
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223 | 1 | $blocksIndentation = array(); |
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224 | |||
225 | /** |
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226 | * A stack that keeps track of the line endings every time a new block |
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227 | * is found. |
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228 | * |
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229 | * @var array $blocksLineEndings |
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230 | */ |
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231 | 1 | $blocksLineEndings = array(); |
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232 | |||
233 | /** |
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234 | * Whether clause's options were formatted. |
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235 | * |
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236 | * @var bool $formattedOptions |
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237 | */ |
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238 | 1 | $formattedOptions = false; |
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239 | |||
240 | /** |
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241 | * Previously parsed token. |
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242 | * |
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243 | * @var Token $prev |
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244 | */ |
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245 | 1 | $prev = null; |
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246 | |||
247 | /** |
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248 | * Comments are being formatted separately to maintain the whitespaces |
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249 | * before and after them. |
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250 | * |
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251 | * @var string $comment |
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252 | */ |
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253 | 1 | $comment = ''; |
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254 | |||
255 | // In order to be able to format the queries correctly, the next token |
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256 | // must be taken into consideration. The loop below uses two pointers, |
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257 | // `$prev` and `$curr` which store two consecutive tokens. |
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258 | // Actually, at every iteration the previous token is being used. |
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259 | 1 | for ($list->idx = 0; $list->idx < $list->count; ++$list->idx) { |
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260 | /** |
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261 | * Token parsed at this moment. |
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262 | * |
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263 | * @var Token $curr |
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264 | */ |
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265 | 1 | $curr = $list->tokens[$list->idx]; |
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266 | |||
267 | 1 | if ($curr->type === Token::TYPE_WHITESPACE) { |
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268 | // Whitespaces are skipped because the formatter adds its own. |
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269 | 1 | continue; |
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270 | 1 | } elseif ($curr->type === Token::TYPE_COMMENT) { |
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271 | // Whether the comments should be parsed. |
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272 | if (!empty($this->options['remove_comments'])) { |
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273 | continue; |
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274 | } |
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275 | |||
276 | if ($list->tokens[$list->idx - 1]->type === Token::TYPE_WHITESPACE) { |
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277 | // The whitespaces before and after are preserved for |
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278 | // formatting reasons. |
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279 | $comment .= $list->tokens[$list->idx - 1]->token; |
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280 | } |
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281 | $comment .= $this->toString($curr); |
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282 | if (($list->tokens[$list->idx + 1]->type === Token::TYPE_WHITESPACE) |
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283 | && ($list->tokens[$list->idx + 2]->type !== Token::TYPE_COMMENT) |
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284 | ) { |
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285 | // Adding the next whitespace only there is no comment that |
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286 | // follows it immediately which may cause adding a |
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287 | // whitespace twice. |
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288 | $comment .= $list->tokens[$list->idx + 1]->token; |
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289 | } |
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290 | |||
291 | // Everything was handled here, no need to continue. |
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292 | continue; |
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293 | } |
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294 | |||
295 | // Checking if pointers were initialized. |
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296 | 1 | if ($prev !== null) { |
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297 | // Checking if a new clause started. |
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298 | 1 | if (static::isClause($prev) !== false) { |
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299 | 1 | $lastClause = $prev->value; |
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300 | 1 | $formattedOptions = false; |
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301 | 1 | } |
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302 | |||
303 | // The options of a clause should stay on the same line and everything that follows. |
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304 | 1 | if (($this->options['parts_newline']) |
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305 | 1 | && (!$formattedOptions) |
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306 | 1 | && (empty(self::$INLINE_CLAUSES[$lastClause])) |
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307 | 1 | && (($curr->type !== Token::TYPE_KEYWORD) |
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308 | || (($curr->type === Token::TYPE_KEYWORD) |
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309 | && ($curr->flags & Token::FLAG_KEYWORD_FUNCTION))) |
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310 | 1 | ) { |
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311 | 1 | $formattedOptions = true; |
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312 | 1 | $lineEnded = true; |
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313 | 1 | ++$indent; |
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314 | 1 | } |
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315 | |||
316 | // Checking if this clause ended. |
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317 | 1 | if ($tmp = static::isClause($curr)) { |
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318 | if (($tmp == 2) || ($this->options['clause_newline'])) { |
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319 | $lineEnded = true; |
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320 | if ($this->options['parts_newline']) { |
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321 | --$indent; |
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322 | } |
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323 | } |
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324 | } |
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325 | |||
326 | // Indenting BEGIN ... END blocks. |
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327 | 1 | if (($prev->type === Token::TYPE_KEYWORD) && ($prev->value === 'BEGIN')) { |
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328 | $lineEnded = true; |
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329 | array_push($blocksIndentation, $indent); |
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330 | ++$indent; |
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331 | 1 | View Code Duplication | } elseif (($curr->type === Token::TYPE_KEYWORD) && ($curr->value === 'END')) { |
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332 | $lineEnded = true; |
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333 | $indent = array_pop($blocksIndentation); |
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334 | } |
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335 | |||
336 | // Formatting fragments delimited by comma. |
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337 | 1 | if (($prev->type === Token::TYPE_OPERATOR) && ($prev->value === ',')) { |
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338 | // Fragments delimited by a comma are broken into multiple |
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339 | // pieces only if the clause is not inlined or this fragment |
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340 | // is between brackets that are on new line. |
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341 | if (((empty(self::$INLINE_CLAUSES[$lastClause])) |
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342 | && ($this->options['parts_newline'])) |
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343 | || (end($blocksLineEndings) === true) |
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344 | ) { |
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345 | $lineEnded = true; |
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346 | } |
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347 | } |
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348 | |||
349 | // Handling brackets. |
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350 | // Brackets are indented only if the length of the fragment between |
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351 | // them is longer than 30 characters. |
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352 | 1 | if (($prev->type === Token::TYPE_OPERATOR) && ($prev->value === '(')) { |
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353 | array_push($blocksIndentation, $indent); |
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354 | if (static::getGroupLength($list) > 30) { |
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355 | ++$indent; |
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356 | $lineEnded = true; |
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357 | } |
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358 | array_push($blocksLineEndings, $lineEnded); |
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359 | 1 | View Code Duplication | } elseif (($curr->type === Token::TYPE_OPERATOR) && ($curr->value === ')')) { |
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360 | $indent = array_pop($blocksIndentation); |
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361 | $lineEnded |= array_pop($blocksLineEndings); |
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362 | } |
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363 | |||
364 | // Delimiter must be placed on the same line with the last |
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365 | // clause. |
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366 | 1 | if ($curr->type === Token::TYPE_DELIMITER) { |
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367 | 1 | $lineEnded = false; |
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368 | 1 | } |
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369 | |||
370 | // Adding the token. |
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371 | 1 | $ret .= $this->toString($prev); |
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372 | |||
373 | // Finishing the line. |
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374 | 1 | if ($lineEnded) { |
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375 | 1 | if ($indent < 0) { |
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376 | // TODO: Make sure this never occurs and delete it. |
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377 | $indent = 0; |
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378 | } |
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379 | |||
380 | 1 | if ($curr->type !== Token::TYPE_COMMENT) { |
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381 | 1 | $ret .= $this->options['line_ending'] |
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382 | 1 | . str_repeat($this->options['indentation'], $indent); |
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383 | 1 | } |
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384 | 1 | $lineEnded = false; |
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385 | 1 | } else { |
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386 | // If the line ended there is no point in adding whitespaces. |
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387 | // Also, some tokens do not have spaces before or after them. |
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388 | 1 | if (!((($prev->type === Token::TYPE_OPERATOR) && (($prev->value === '.') || ($prev->value === '('))) |
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389 | // No space after . ( |
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390 | 1 | || (($curr->type === Token::TYPE_OPERATOR) && (($curr->value === '.') || ($curr->value === ',') || ($curr->value === '(') || ($curr->value === ')'))) |
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391 | // No space before . , ( ) |
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392 | 1 | || (($curr->type === Token::TYPE_DELIMITER)) && (mb_strlen($curr->value, 'UTF-8') < 2)) |
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393 | // A space after delimiters that are longer than 2 characters. |
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394 | 1 | || ($prev->value === 'DELIMITER') |
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395 | 1 | ) { |
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396 | $ret .= ' '; |
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397 | } |
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398 | } |
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399 | 1 | } |
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400 | |||
401 | 1 | if (!empty($comment)) { |
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402 | $ret .= $comment; |
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403 | $comment = ''; |
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404 | } |
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405 | |||
406 | // Iteration finished, consider current token as previous. |
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407 | 1 | $prev = $curr; |
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408 | 1 | } |
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409 | |||
410 | 1 | return $ret; |
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411 | } |
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412 | |||
413 | /** |
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414 | * Tries to print the query and returns the result. |
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415 | * |
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416 | * @param Token $token The token to be printed. |
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417 | * |
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418 | * @return string |
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419 | */ |
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420 | 1 | public function toString($token) |
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421 | { |
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422 | 1 | $text = $token->token; |
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423 | |||
424 | 1 | foreach ($this->options['formats'] as $format) { |
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425 | 1 | if (($token->type === $format['type']) |
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426 | 1 | && (($token->flags & $format['flags']) === $format['flags']) |
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427 | 1 | ) { |
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428 | // Running transformation function. |
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429 | 1 | if (!empty($format['function'])) { |
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430 | 1 | $func = $format['function']; |
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431 | 1 | $text = $func($text); |
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432 | 1 | } |
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433 | |||
434 | // Formatting HTML. |
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435 | 1 | if ($this->options['type'] === 'html') { |
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436 | 1 | return '<span ' . $format['html'] . '>' . $text . '</span>'; |
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437 | } elseif ($this->options['type'] === 'cli') { |
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438 | return $format['cli'] . $text; |
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439 | } |
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440 | |||
441 | break; |
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442 | } |
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443 | 1 | } |
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444 | |||
445 | if ($this->options['type'] === 'cli') { |
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446 | return "\e[39m" . $text; |
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447 | } |
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448 | return $text; |
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449 | } |
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450 | |||
451 | /** |
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452 | * Formats a query. |
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453 | * |
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454 | * @param string $query The query to be formatted |
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455 | * @param array $options The formatting options. |
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456 | * |
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457 | * @return string The formatted string. |
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458 | */ |
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459 | 1 | public static function format($query, array $options = array()) |
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460 | { |
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461 | 1 | $lexer = new Lexer($query); |
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462 | 1 | $formatter = new Formatter($options); |
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463 | 1 | return $formatter->formatList($lexer->list); |
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464 | } |
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465 | |||
466 | /** |
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467 | * Computes the length of a group. |
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468 | * |
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469 | * A group is delimited by a pair of brackets. |
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470 | * |
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471 | * @param TokensList $list The list of tokens. |
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472 | * |
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473 | * @return int |
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474 | */ |
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475 | public static function getGroupLength($list) |
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513 | |||
514 | /** |
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515 | * Checks if a token is a statement or a clause inside a statement. |
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516 | * |
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517 | * @param Token $token The token to be checked. |
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518 | * |
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519 | * @return int|bool |
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520 | */ |
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521 | 1 | public static function isClause($token) |
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532 | } |
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533 |
This check marks property names that have not been written in camelCase.
In camelCase names are written without any punctuation, the start of each new word being marked by a capital letter. Thus the name database connection string becomes
databaseConnectionString
.