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<?php |
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declare(strict_types=1); |
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namespace Phpml\Helper\Optimizer; |
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use Closure; |
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use Phpml\Exception\InvalidOperationException; |
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/** |
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* Batch version of Gradient Descent to optimize the weights |
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* of a classifier given samples, targets and the objective function to minimize |
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*/ |
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class GD extends StochasticGD |
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{ |
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/** |
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* Number of samples given |
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* |
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* @var int|null |
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*/ |
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protected $sampleCount; |
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public function runOptimization(array $samples, array $targets, Closure $gradientCb): array |
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{ |
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$this->samples = $samples; |
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$this->targets = $targets; |
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$this->gradientCb = $gradientCb; |
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$this->sampleCount = count($this->samples); |
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// Batch learning is executed: |
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$currIter = 0; |
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$this->costValues = []; |
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while ($this->maxIterations > $currIter++) { |
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$theta = $this->theta; |
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// Calculate update terms for each sample |
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[$errors, $updates, $totalPenalty] = $this->gradient($theta); |
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$this->updateWeightsWithUpdates($updates, $totalPenalty); |
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$this->costValues[] = array_sum($errors) / (int) $this->sampleCount; |
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if ($this->earlyStop($theta)) { |
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break; |
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} |
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} |
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$this->clear(); |
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return $this->theta; |
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} |
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/** |
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* Calculates gradient, cost function and penalty term for each sample |
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* then returns them as an array of values |
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*/ |
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protected function gradient(array $theta): array |
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{ |
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$costs = []; |
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$gradient = []; |
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$totalPenalty = 0; |
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if ($this->gradientCb === null) { |
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throw new InvalidOperationException('Gradient callback is not defined'); |
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} |
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foreach ($this->samples as $index => $sample) { |
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$target = $this->targets[$index]; |
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$result = ($this->gradientCb)($theta, $sample, $target); |
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[$cost, $grad, $penalty] = array_pad($result, 3, 0); |
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$costs[] = $cost; |
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$gradient[] = $grad; |
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$totalPenalty += $penalty; |
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} |
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$totalPenalty /= $this->sampleCount; |
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return [$costs, $gradient, $totalPenalty]; |
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} |
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protected function updateWeightsWithUpdates(array $updates, float $penalty): void |
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{ |
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// Updates all weights at once |
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for ($i = 0; $i <= $this->dimensions; ++$i) { |
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if ($i === 0) { |
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$this->theta[0] -= $this->learningRate * array_sum($updates); |
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} else { |
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$col = array_column($this->samples, $i - 1); |
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$error = 0; |
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foreach ($col as $index => $val) { |
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$error += $val * $updates[$index]; |
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} |
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$this->theta[$i] -= $this->learningRate * |
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($error + $penalty * $this->theta[$i]); |
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} |
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} |
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} |
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/** |
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* Clears the optimizer internal vars after the optimization process. |
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*/ |
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protected function clear(): void |
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{ |
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$this->sampleCount = null; |
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parent::clear(); |
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} |
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} |
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