Complex classes like ProductContext often do a lot of different things. To break such a class down, we need to identify a cohesive component within that class. A common approach to find such a component is to look for fields/methods that share the same prefixes, or suffixes. You can also have a look at the cohesion graph to spot any un-connected, or weakly-connected components.
Once you have determined the fields that belong together, you can apply the Extract Class refactoring. If the component makes sense as a sub-class, Extract Subclass is also a candidate, and is often faster.
While breaking up the class, it is a good idea to analyze how other classes use ProductContext, and based on these observations, apply Extract Interface, too.
| 1 | <?php |
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| 30 | final class ProductContext implements Context |
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| 31 | { |
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| 32 | /** |
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| 33 | * @var ShowPageInterface |
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| 34 | */ |
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| 35 | private $showPage; |
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| 36 | |||
| 37 | /** |
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| 38 | * @var IndexPageInterface |
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| 39 | */ |
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| 40 | private $indexPage; |
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| 41 | |||
| 42 | /** |
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| 43 | * @var ProductReviewIndexPageInterface |
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| 44 | */ |
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| 45 | private $productReviewsIndexPage; |
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| 46 | |||
| 47 | /** |
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| 48 | * @param ShowPageInterface $showPage |
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| 49 | * @param IndexPageInterface $indexPage |
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| 50 | * @param ProductReviewIndexPageInterface $productReviewsIndexPage |
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| 51 | */ |
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| 52 | public function __construct( |
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| 53 | ShowPageInterface $showPage, |
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| 54 | IndexPageInterface $indexPage, |
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| 55 | ProductReviewIndexPageInterface $productReviewsIndexPage |
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| 56 | ) { |
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| 57 | $this->showPage = $showPage; |
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| 58 | $this->indexPage = $indexPage; |
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| 59 | $this->productReviewsIndexPage = $productReviewsIndexPage; |
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| 60 | } |
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| 61 | |||
| 62 | /** |
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| 63 | * @Then I should be able to access product :product |
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| 64 | */ |
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| 65 | public function iShouldBeAbleToAccessProduct(ProductInterface $product) |
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| 66 | { |
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| 67 | $this->showPage->tryToOpen(['slug' => $product->getSlug()]); |
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| 68 | |||
| 69 | Assert::true($this->showPage->isOpen(['slug' => $product->getSlug()])); |
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| 70 | } |
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| 71 | |||
| 72 | /** |
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| 73 | * @Then I should not be able to access product :product |
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| 74 | */ |
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| 75 | public function iShouldNotBeAbleToAccessProduct(ProductInterface $product) |
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| 76 | { |
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| 77 | $this->showPage->tryToOpen(['slug' => $product->getSlug()]); |
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| 78 | |||
| 79 | Assert::false($this->showPage->isOpen(['slug' => $product->getSlug()])); |
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| 80 | } |
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| 81 | |||
| 82 | /** |
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| 83 | * @When /^I check (this product)'s details$/ |
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| 84 | * @When /^I check (this product)'s details in the ("([^"]+)" locale)$/ |
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| 85 | * @When I view product :product |
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| 86 | * @When I view product :product in the :localeCode locale |
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| 87 | */ |
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| 88 | public function iOpenProductPage(ProductInterface $product, $localeCode = 'en_US') |
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| 89 | { |
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| 90 | $this->showPage->open(['slug' => $product->getTranslation($localeCode)->getSlug(), '_locale' => $localeCode]); |
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| 91 | } |
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| 92 | |||
| 93 | /** |
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| 94 | * @When /^I try to check (this product)'s details in the ("([^"]+)" locale)$/ |
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| 95 | */ |
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| 96 | public function iTryToOpenProductPage(ProductInterface $product, $localeCode = 'en_US') |
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| 97 | { |
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| 98 | $this->showPage->tryToOpen([ |
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| 99 | 'slug' => $product->getTranslation($localeCode)->getSlug(), |
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| 100 | '_locale' => $localeCode, |
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| 101 | ]); |
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| 102 | } |
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| 103 | |||
| 104 | /** |
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| 105 | * @Then /^I should not be able to view (this product) in the ("([^"]+)" locale)$/ |
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| 106 | */ |
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| 107 | public function iShouldNotBeAbleToViewThisProductInLocale(ProductInterface $product, $localeCode = 'en_US') |
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| 108 | { |
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| 109 | Assert::false( |
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| 110 | $this->showPage->isOpen([ |
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| 111 | 'slug' => $product->getTranslation($localeCode)->getSlug(), |
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| 112 | '_locale' => $localeCode, |
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| 113 | ]) |
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| 114 | ); |
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| 115 | } |
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| 116 | |||
| 117 | /** |
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| 118 | * @Then I should see the product name :name |
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| 119 | */ |
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| 120 | public function iShouldSeeProductName($name) |
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| 121 | { |
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| 122 | Assert::same($this->showPage->getName(), $name); |
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| 123 | } |
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| 124 | |||
| 125 | /** |
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| 126 | * @When I open page :url |
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| 127 | */ |
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| 128 | public function iOpenPage($url) |
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| 129 | { |
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| 130 | $this->showPage->visit($url); |
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| 131 | } |
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| 132 | |||
| 133 | /** |
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| 134 | * @Then I should be on :product product detailed page |
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| 135 | * @Then I should still be on product :product page |
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| 136 | */ |
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| 137 | public function iShouldBeOnProductDetailedPage(ProductInterface $product) |
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| 138 | { |
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| 139 | Assert::true($this->showPage->isOpen(['slug' => $product->getSlug()])); |
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| 140 | } |
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| 141 | |||
| 142 | /** |
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| 143 | * @Then I should (also) see the product attribute :attributeName with value :expectedAttribute |
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| 144 | */ |
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| 145 | public function iShouldSeeTheProductAttributeWithValue($attributeName, $expectedAttribute) |
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| 146 | { |
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| 147 | Assert::same($this->showPage->getAttributeByName($attributeName), $expectedAttribute); |
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| 148 | } |
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| 149 | |||
| 150 | /** |
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| 151 | * @Then I should not see the product attribute :attributeName |
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| 152 | */ |
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| 153 | public function iShouldNotSeeTheProductAttribute(string $attributeName): void |
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| 154 | { |
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| 155 | $this->showPage->getAttributeByName($attributeName); |
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| 156 | } |
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| 157 | |||
| 158 | /** |
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| 159 | * @Then I should (also) see the product attribute :attributeName with date :expectedAttribute |
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| 160 | */ |
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| 161 | public function iShouldSeeTheProductAttributeWithDate($attributeName, $expectedAttribute) |
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| 162 | { |
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| 163 | Assert::eq( |
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| 164 | new \DateTime($this->showPage->getAttributeByName($attributeName)), |
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| 165 | new \DateTime($expectedAttribute) |
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| 166 | ); |
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| 167 | } |
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| 168 | |||
| 169 | /** |
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| 170 | * @Then I should see :count attributes |
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| 171 | */ |
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| 172 | public function iShouldSeeAttributes($count) |
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| 173 | { |
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| 174 | Assert::same(count($this->getProductAttributes()), (int) $count); |
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| 175 | } |
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| 176 | |||
| 177 | /** |
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| 178 | * @Then the first attribute should be :name |
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| 179 | */ |
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| 180 | public function theFirstAttributeShouldBe($name) |
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| 181 | { |
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| 182 | $attributes = $this->getProductAttributes(); |
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| 183 | |||
| 184 | Assert::same(reset($attributes)->getText(), $name); |
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| 185 | } |
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| 186 | |||
| 187 | /** |
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| 188 | * @Then the last attribute should be :name |
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| 189 | */ |
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| 190 | public function theLastAttributeShouldBe($name) |
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| 191 | { |
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| 192 | $attributes = $this->getProductAttributes(); |
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| 193 | |||
| 194 | Assert::same(end($attributes)->getText(), $name); |
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| 195 | } |
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| 196 | |||
| 197 | /** |
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| 198 | * @When /^I browse products from (taxon "([^"]+)")$/ |
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| 199 | */ |
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| 200 | public function iCheckListOfProductsForTaxon(TaxonInterface $taxon) |
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| 201 | { |
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| 202 | $this->indexPage->open(['slug' => $taxon->getSlug()]); |
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| 203 | } |
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| 204 | |||
| 205 | /** |
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| 206 | * @When I search for products with name :name |
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| 207 | */ |
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| 208 | public function iSearchForProductsWithName($name) |
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| 209 | { |
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| 210 | $this->indexPage->search($name); |
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| 211 | } |
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| 212 | |||
| 213 | /** |
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| 214 | * @When I sort products by the lowest price first |
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| 215 | */ |
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| 216 | public function iSortProductsByTheLowestPriceFirst() |
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| 217 | { |
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| 218 | $this->indexPage->sort('Cheapest first'); |
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| 219 | } |
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| 220 | |||
| 221 | /** |
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| 222 | * @When I sort products by the highest price first |
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| 223 | */ |
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| 224 | public function iSortProductsByTheHighestPriceFisrt() |
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| 225 | { |
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| 226 | $this->indexPage->sort('Most expensive first'); |
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| 227 | } |
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| 228 | |||
| 229 | /** |
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| 230 | * @When I sort products alphabetically from a to z |
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| 231 | */ |
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| 232 | public function iSortProductsAlphabeticallyFromAToZ() |
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| 233 | { |
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| 234 | $this->indexPage->sort('From A to Z'); |
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| 235 | } |
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| 236 | |||
| 237 | /** |
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| 238 | * @When I sort products alphabetically from z to a |
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| 239 | */ |
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| 240 | public function iSortProductsAlphabeticallyFromZToA() |
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| 241 | { |
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| 242 | $this->indexPage->sort('From Z to A'); |
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| 243 | } |
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| 244 | |||
| 245 | /** |
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| 246 | * @When I clear filter |
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| 247 | */ |
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| 248 | public function iClearFilter() |
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| 249 | { |
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| 250 | $this->indexPage->clearFilter(); |
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| 251 | } |
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| 252 | |||
| 253 | /** |
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| 254 | * @Then I should see the product :productName |
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| 255 | */ |
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| 256 | public function iShouldSeeProduct($productName) |
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| 257 | { |
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| 258 | Assert::true($this->indexPage->isProductOnList($productName)); |
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| 259 | } |
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| 260 | |||
| 261 | /** |
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| 262 | * @Then I should not see the product :productName |
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| 263 | */ |
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| 264 | public function iShouldNotSeeProduct($productName) |
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| 265 | { |
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| 266 | Assert::false($this->indexPage->isProductOnList($productName)); |
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| 267 | } |
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| 268 | |||
| 269 | /** |
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| 270 | * @Then I should see empty list of products |
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| 271 | */ |
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| 272 | public function iShouldSeeEmptyListOfProducts() |
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| 273 | { |
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| 274 | Assert::true($this->indexPage->isEmpty()); |
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| 275 | } |
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| 276 | |||
| 277 | /** |
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| 278 | * @Then I should see that it is out of stock |
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| 279 | */ |
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| 280 | public function iShouldSeeItIsOutOfStock() |
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| 281 | { |
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| 282 | Assert::true($this->showPage->isOutOfStock()); |
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| 283 | } |
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| 284 | |||
| 285 | /** |
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| 286 | * @Then I should be unable to add it to the cart |
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| 287 | */ |
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| 288 | public function iShouldBeUnableToAddItToTheCart() |
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| 289 | { |
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| 290 | Assert::false($this->showPage->hasAddToCartButton()); |
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| 291 | } |
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| 292 | |||
| 293 | /** |
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| 294 | * @Then the product price should be :price |
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| 295 | * @Then I should see the product price :price |
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| 296 | */ |
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| 297 | public function iShouldSeeTheProductPrice($price) |
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| 298 | { |
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| 299 | Assert::same($this->showPage->getPrice(), $price); |
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| 300 | } |
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| 301 | |||
| 302 | /** |
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| 303 | * @When I set its :optionName to :optionValue |
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| 304 | */ |
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| 305 | public function iSetItsOptionTo($optionName, $optionValue) |
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| 306 | { |
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| 307 | $this->showPage->selectOption($optionName, $optionValue); |
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| 308 | } |
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| 309 | |||
| 310 | /** |
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| 311 | * @When I select :variantName variant |
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| 312 | */ |
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| 313 | public function iSelectVariant($variantName) |
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| 314 | { |
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| 315 | $this->showPage->selectVariant($variantName); |
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| 316 | } |
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| 317 | |||
| 318 | /** |
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| 319 | * @Then its current variant should be named :name |
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| 320 | */ |
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| 321 | public function itsCurrentVariantShouldBeNamed($name) |
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| 322 | { |
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| 323 | Assert::same($this->showPage->getCurrentVariantName(), $name); |
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| 324 | } |
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| 325 | |||
| 326 | /** |
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| 327 | * @Then I should see the product :productName with price :productPrice |
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| 328 | */ |
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| 329 | public function iShouldSeeTheProductWithPrice($productName, $productPrice) |
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| 330 | { |
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| 331 | Assert::same($this->indexPage->getProductPrice($productName), $productPrice); |
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| 332 | } |
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| 333 | |||
| 334 | /** |
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| 335 | * @Then /^I should be notified that (this product) does not have sufficient stock$/ |
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| 336 | */ |
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| 337 | public function iShouldBeNotifiedThatThisProductDoesNotHaveSufficientStock(ProductInterface $product) |
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| 338 | { |
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| 339 | Assert::true($this->showPage->hasProductOutOfStockValidationMessage($product)); |
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| 340 | } |
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| 341 | |||
| 342 | /** |
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| 343 | * @Then /^I should not be notified that (this product) does not have sufficient stock$/ |
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| 344 | */ |
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| 345 | public function iShouldNotBeNotifiedThatThisProductDoesNotHaveSufficientStock(ProductInterface $product) |
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| 346 | { |
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| 347 | Assert::false($this->showPage->hasProductOutOfStockValidationMessage($product)); |
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| 348 | } |
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| 349 | |||
| 350 | /** |
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| 351 | * @Then I should see a main image |
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| 352 | */ |
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| 353 | public function iShouldSeeAMainImage() |
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| 354 | { |
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| 355 | Assert::true($this->showPage->isMainImageDisplayed()); |
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| 356 | } |
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| 357 | |||
| 358 | /** |
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| 359 | * @When /^I view (oldest|newest) products from (taxon "([^"]+)")$/ |
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| 360 | */ |
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| 361 | public function iViewSortedProductsFromTaxon($sortDirection, TaxonInterface $taxon) |
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| 362 | { |
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| 363 | $sorting = ['createdAt' => 'oldest' === $sortDirection ? 'asc' : 'desc']; |
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| 364 | |||
| 365 | $this->indexPage->open(['slug' => $taxon->getSlug(), 'sorting' => $sorting]); |
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| 366 | } |
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| 367 | |||
| 368 | /** |
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| 369 | * @Then I should see :numberOfProducts products in the list |
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| 370 | */ |
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| 371 | public function iShouldSeeProductsInTheList($numberOfProducts) |
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| 372 | { |
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| 373 | Assert::same($this->indexPage->countProductsItems(), (int) $numberOfProducts); |
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| 374 | } |
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| 375 | |||
| 376 | /** |
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| 377 | * @Then I should see a product with name :name |
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| 378 | */ |
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| 379 | public function iShouldSeeProductWithName($name) |
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| 380 | { |
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| 381 | Assert::true($this->indexPage->isProductOnPageWithName($name)); |
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| 382 | } |
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| 383 | |||
| 384 | /** |
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| 385 | * @Then the first product on the list should have name :name |
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| 386 | */ |
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| 387 | public function theFirstProductOnTheListShouldHaveName($name) |
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| 388 | { |
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| 389 | Assert::same($this->indexPage->getFirstProductNameFromList(), $name); |
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| 390 | } |
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| 391 | |||
| 392 | /** |
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| 393 | * @Then the first product on the list should have name :name and price :price |
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| 394 | */ |
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| 395 | public function theFirstProductOnTheListShouldHaveNameAndPrice($name, $price) |
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| 396 | { |
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| 397 | Assert::same($this->indexPage->getFirstProductNameFromList(), $name); |
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| 398 | Assert::same($this->indexPage->getProductPrice($name), $price); |
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| 399 | } |
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| 400 | |||
| 401 | /** |
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| 402 | * @Then the last product on the list should have name :name |
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| 403 | */ |
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| 404 | public function theLastProductOnTheListShouldHaveName($name) |
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| 405 | { |
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| 406 | Assert::same($this->indexPage->getLastProductNameFromList(), $name); |
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| 407 | } |
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| 408 | |||
| 409 | /** |
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| 410 | * @Then the last product on the list should have name :name and price :price |
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| 411 | */ |
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| 412 | public function theLastProductOnTheListShouldHaveNameAndPrice($name, $price) |
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| 413 | { |
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| 414 | Assert::same($this->indexPage->getLastProductNameFromList(), $name); |
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| 415 | Assert::same($this->indexPage->getProductPrice($name), $price); |
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| 416 | } |
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| 417 | |||
| 418 | /** |
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| 419 | * @Then I should see :count product reviews |
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| 420 | */ |
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| 421 | public function iShouldSeeProductReviews($count) |
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| 422 | { |
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| 423 | Assert::same($this->showPage->countReviews(), (int) $count); |
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| 424 | } |
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| 425 | |||
| 426 | /** |
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| 427 | * @Then I should see reviews titled :firstReview, :secondReview and :thirdReview |
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| 428 | */ |
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| 429 | public function iShouldSeeReviewsTitled(...$reviews) |
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| 430 | { |
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| 431 | foreach ($reviews as $review) { |
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| 432 | Assert::true( |
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| 433 | $this->showPage->hasReviewTitled($review), |
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| 434 | sprintf('Product should have review titled "%s" but it does not.', $review) |
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| 435 | ); |
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| 436 | } |
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| 437 | } |
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| 438 | |||
| 439 | /** |
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| 440 | * @Then I should not see review titled :title |
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| 441 | */ |
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| 442 | public function iShouldNotSeeReviewTitled($title) |
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| 443 | { |
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| 444 | Assert::false($this->showPage->hasReviewTitled($title)); |
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| 445 | } |
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| 446 | |||
| 447 | /** |
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| 448 | * @When /^I check (this product)'s reviews$/ |
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| 449 | */ |
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| 450 | public function iCheckThisProductSReviews(ProductInterface $product) |
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| 451 | { |
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| 452 | $this->productReviewsIndexPage->open(['slug' => $product->getSlug()]); |
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| 453 | } |
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| 454 | |||
| 455 | /** |
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| 456 | * @Then /^I should see (\d+) product reviews in the list$/ |
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| 457 | */ |
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| 458 | public function iShouldSeeNumberOfProductReviewsInTheList($count) |
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| 459 | { |
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| 460 | Assert::same($this->productReviewsIndexPage->countReviews(), (int) $count); |
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| 461 | } |
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| 462 | |||
| 463 | /** |
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| 464 | * @Then I should not see review titled :title in the list |
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| 465 | */ |
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| 466 | public function iShouldNotSeeReviewTitledInTheList($title) |
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| 467 | { |
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| 468 | Assert::false($this->productReviewsIndexPage->hasReviewTitled($title)); |
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| 469 | } |
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| 470 | |||
| 471 | /** |
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| 472 | * @Then /^I should be notified that there are no reviews$/ |
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| 473 | */ |
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| 474 | public function iShouldBeNotifiedThatThereAreNoReviews() |
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| 475 | { |
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| 476 | Assert::true($this->productReviewsIndexPage->hasNoReviewsMessage()); |
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| 477 | } |
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| 478 | |||
| 479 | /** |
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| 480 | * @Then I should see :rating as its average rating |
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| 481 | */ |
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| 482 | public function iShouldSeeAsItsAverageRating($rating) |
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| 483 | { |
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| 484 | Assert::same($this->showPage->getAverageRating(), (float) $rating); |
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| 485 | } |
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| 486 | |||
| 487 | /** |
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| 488 | * @Then /^I should(?:| also) see the product association "([^"]+)" with (products "[^"]+" and "[^"]+")$/ |
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| 489 | */ |
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| 490 | public function iShouldSeeTheProductAssociationWithProducts($productAssociationName, array $products) |
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| 491 | { |
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| 492 | Assert::true( |
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| 493 | $this->showPage->hasAssociation($productAssociationName), |
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| 494 | sprintf('There should be an association named "%s" but it does not.', $productAssociationName) |
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| 495 | ); |
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| 496 | |||
| 497 | foreach ($products as $product) { |
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| 498 | $this->assertProductIsInAssociation($product->getName(), $productAssociationName); |
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| 499 | } |
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| 500 | } |
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| 501 | |||
| 502 | /** |
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| 503 | * @Then /^average rating of (product "[^"]+") should be (\d+)$/ |
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| 504 | */ |
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| 505 | public function thisProductAverageRatingShouldBe(ProductInterface $product, $averageRating) |
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| 506 | { |
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| 507 | $this->showPage->tryToOpen(['slug' => $product->getSlug()]); |
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| 508 | $this->iShouldSeeAsItsAverageRating($averageRating); |
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| 509 | } |
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| 510 | |||
| 511 | /** |
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| 512 | * @Then they should have order like :firstProductName, :secondProductName and :thirdProductName |
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| 513 | */ |
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| 514 | public function theyShouldHaveOrderLikeAnd(...$productNames) |
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| 515 | { |
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| 516 | Assert::true($this->indexPage->hasProductsInOrder($productNames)); |
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| 517 | } |
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| 518 | |||
| 519 | /** |
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| 520 | * @param string $productName |
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| 521 | * @param string $productAssociationName |
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| 522 | * |
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| 523 | * @throws \InvalidArgumentException |
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| 524 | */ |
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| 525 | private function assertProductIsInAssociation($productName, $productAssociationName) |
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| 526 | { |
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| 527 | Assert::true( |
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| 528 | $this->showPage->hasProductInAssociation($productName, $productAssociationName), |
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| 529 | sprintf( |
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| 530 | 'There should be an associated product "%s" under association "%s" but it does not.', |
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| 531 | $productName, |
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| 532 | $productAssociationName |
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| 533 | ) |
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| 534 | ); |
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| 535 | } |
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| 536 | |||
| 537 | /** |
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| 538 | * @return NodeElement[] |
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| 539 | * |
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| 540 | * @throws \InvalidArgumentException |
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| 541 | */ |
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| 542 | private function getProductAttributes() |
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| 549 | } |
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| 550 |
Let’s take a look at an example:
In the above example, the authenticate() method works fine as long as you just pass instances of MyUser. However, if you now also want to pass a different implementation of User which does not have a getDisplayName() method, the code will break.
Available Fixes
Change the type-hint for the parameter:
Add an additional type-check:
Add the method to the interface: