Duplicate code is one of the most pungent code smells. A rule that is often used is to re-structure code once it is duplicated in three or more places.
Common duplication problems, and corresponding solutions are:
Complex classes like CardDavBackend often do a lot of different things. To break such a class down, we need to identify a cohesive component within that class. A common approach to find such a component is to look for fields/methods that share the same prefixes, or suffixes. You can also have a look at the cohesion graph to spot any un-connected, or weakly-connected components.
Once you have determined the fields that belong together, you can apply the Extract Class refactoring. If the component makes sense as a sub-class, Extract Subclass is also a candidate, and is often faster.
While breaking up the class, it is a good idea to analyze how other classes use CardDavBackend, and based on these observations, apply Extract Interface, too.
1 | <?php |
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46 | class CardDavBackend implements BackendInterface, SyncSupport { |
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47 | |||
48 | /** @var Principal */ |
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49 | private $principalBackend; |
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50 | |||
51 | /** @var string */ |
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52 | private $dbCardsTable = 'cards'; |
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53 | |||
54 | /** @var string */ |
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55 | private $dbCardsPropertiesTable = 'cards_properties'; |
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56 | |||
57 | /** @var IDBConnection */ |
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58 | private $db; |
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59 | |||
60 | /** @var Backend */ |
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61 | private $sharingBackend; |
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62 | |||
63 | /** @var CappedMemoryCache Cache of card URI to db row ids */ |
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64 | private $idCache; |
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65 | |||
66 | /** @var array properties to index */ |
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67 | public static $indexProperties = [ |
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68 | 'BDAY', 'UID', 'N', 'FN', 'TITLE', 'ROLE', 'NOTE', 'NICKNAME', |
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69 | 'ORG', 'CATEGORIES', 'EMAIL', 'TEL', 'IMPP', 'ADR', 'URL', 'GEO', 'CLOUD']; |
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70 | |||
71 | /** @var EventDispatcherInterface */ |
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72 | private $dispatcher; |
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73 | /** @var bool */ |
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74 | private $legacyMode; |
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75 | |||
76 | /** |
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77 | * CardDavBackend constructor. |
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78 | * |
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79 | * @param IDBConnection $db |
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80 | * @param Principal $principalBackend |
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81 | * @param GroupPrincipalBackend $groupPrincipalBackend |
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82 | * @param EventDispatcherInterface $dispatcher |
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83 | * @param bool $legacyMode |
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84 | */ |
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85 | public function __construct(IDBConnection $db, |
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97 | |||
98 | /** |
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99 | * Returns the list of address books for a specific user. |
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100 | * |
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101 | * Every addressbook should have the following properties: |
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102 | * id - an arbitrary unique id |
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103 | * uri - the 'basename' part of the url |
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104 | * principaluri - Same as the passed parameter |
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105 | * |
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106 | * Any additional clark-notation property may be passed besides this. Some |
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107 | * common ones are : |
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108 | * {DAV:}displayname |
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109 | * {urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:carddav}addressbook-description |
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110 | * {http://calendarserver.org/ns/}getctag |
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111 | * |
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112 | * @param string $principalUri |
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113 | * @return array |
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114 | */ |
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115 | public function getUsersOwnAddressBooks($principalUri) { |
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139 | |||
140 | /** |
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141 | * Returns the list of address books for a specific user, including shared by other users. |
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142 | * |
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143 | * Every addressbook should have the following properties: |
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144 | * id - an arbitrary unique id |
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145 | * uri - the 'basename' part of the url |
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146 | * principaluri - Same as the passed parameter |
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147 | * |
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148 | * Any additional clark-notation property may be passed besides this. Some |
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149 | * common ones are : |
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150 | * {DAV:}displayname |
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151 | * {urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:carddav}addressbook-description |
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152 | * {http://calendarserver.org/ns/}getctag |
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153 | * |
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154 | * @param string $principalUri |
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155 | * @return array |
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156 | * @throws \Sabre\DAV\Exception |
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157 | */ |
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158 | public function getAddressBooksForUser($principalUri) { |
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197 | |||
198 | /** |
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199 | * @param int $addressBookId |
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200 | */ |
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201 | public function getAddressBookById($addressBookId) { |
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224 | |||
225 | /** |
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226 | * @param $addressBookUri |
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227 | * @return array|null |
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228 | */ |
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229 | public function getAddressBooksByUri($principal, $addressBookUri) { |
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254 | |||
255 | /** |
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256 | * Updates properties for an address book. |
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257 | * |
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258 | * The list of mutations is stored in a Sabre\DAV\PropPatch object. |
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259 | * To do the actual updates, you must tell this object which properties |
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260 | * you're going to process with the handle() method. |
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261 | * |
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262 | * Calling the handle method is like telling the PropPatch object "I |
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263 | * promise I can handle updating this property". |
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264 | * |
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265 | * Read the PropPatch documentation for more info and examples. |
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266 | * |
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267 | * @param string $addressBookId |
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268 | * @param \Sabre\DAV\PropPatch $propPatch |
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269 | * @return void |
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270 | */ |
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271 | public function updateAddressBook($addressBookId, \Sabre\DAV\PropPatch $propPatch) { |
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303 | |||
304 | /** |
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305 | * Creates a new address book |
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306 | * |
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307 | * @param string $principalUri |
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308 | * @param string $url Just the 'basename' of the url. |
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309 | * @param array $properties |
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310 | * @return int |
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311 | * @throws \BadMethodCallException |
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312 | * @throws BadRequest |
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313 | */ |
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314 | public function createAddressBook($principalUri, $url, array $properties) { |
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356 | |||
357 | /** |
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358 | * Deletes an entire addressbook and all its contents |
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359 | * |
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360 | * @param mixed $addressBookId |
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361 | * @return void |
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362 | */ |
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363 | public function deleteAddressBook($addressBookId) { |
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386 | |||
387 | /** |
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388 | * Returns all cards for a specific addressbook id. |
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389 | * |
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390 | * This method should return the following properties for each card: |
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391 | * * carddata - raw vcard data |
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392 | * * uri - Some unique url |
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393 | * * lastmodified - A unix timestamp |
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394 | * |
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395 | * It's recommended to also return the following properties: |
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396 | * * etag - A unique etag. This must change every time the card changes. |
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397 | * * size - The size of the card in bytes. |
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398 | * |
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399 | * If these last two properties are provided, less time will be spent |
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400 | * calculating them. If they are specified, you can also ommit carddata. |
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401 | * This may speed up certain requests, especially with large cards. |
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402 | * |
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403 | * @param mixed $addressBookId |
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404 | * @return array |
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405 | */ |
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406 | public function getCards($addressBookId) { |
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424 | |||
425 | /** |
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426 | * Returns a specific card. |
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427 | * |
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428 | * The same set of properties must be returned as with getCards. The only |
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429 | * exception is that 'carddata' is absolutely required. |
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430 | * |
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431 | * If the card does not exist, you must return false. |
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432 | * |
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433 | * @param mixed $addressBookId |
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434 | * @param string $cardUri |
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435 | * @return array|false |
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436 | */ |
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437 | public function getCard($addressBookId, $cardUri) { |
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455 | |||
456 | /** |
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457 | * Returns a list of cards. |
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458 | * |
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459 | * This method should work identical to getCard, but instead return all the |
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460 | * cards in the list as an array. |
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461 | * |
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462 | * If the backend supports this, it may allow for some speed-ups. |
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463 | * |
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464 | * @param mixed $addressBookId |
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465 | * @param string[] $uris |
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466 | * @return array |
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467 | */ |
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468 | public function getMultipleCards($addressBookId, array $uris) { |
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497 | |||
498 | /** |
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499 | * Creates a new card. |
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500 | * |
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501 | * The addressbook id will be passed as the first argument. This is the |
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502 | * same id as it is returned from the getAddressBooksForUser method. |
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503 | * |
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504 | * The cardUri is a base uri, and doesn't include the full path. The |
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505 | * cardData argument is the vcard body, and is passed as a string. |
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506 | * |
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507 | * It is possible to return an ETag from this method. This ETag is for the |
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508 | * newly created resource, and must be enclosed with double quotes (that |
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509 | * is, the string itself must contain the double quotes). |
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510 | * |
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511 | * You should only return the ETag if you store the carddata as-is. If a |
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512 | * subsequent GET request on the same card does not have the same body, |
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513 | * byte-by-byte and you did return an ETag here, clients tend to get |
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514 | * confused. |
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515 | * |
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516 | * If you don't return an ETag, you can just return null. |
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517 | * |
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518 | * @param mixed $addressBookId |
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519 | * @param string $cardUri |
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520 | * @param string $cardData |
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521 | * @return string |
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522 | * @throws \BadMethodCallException |
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523 | */ |
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524 | public function createCard($addressBookId, $cardUri, $cardData) { |
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555 | |||
556 | /** |
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557 | * Updates a card. |
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558 | * |
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559 | * The addressbook id will be passed as the first argument. This is the |
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560 | * same id as it is returned from the getAddressBooksForUser method. |
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561 | * |
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562 | * The cardUri is a base uri, and doesn't include the full path. The |
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563 | * cardData argument is the vcard body, and is passed as a string. |
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564 | * |
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565 | * It is possible to return an ETag from this method. This ETag should |
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566 | * match that of the updated resource, and must be enclosed with double |
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567 | * quotes (that is: the string itself must contain the actual quotes). |
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568 | * |
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569 | * You should only return the ETag if you store the carddata as-is. If a |
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570 | * subsequent GET request on the same card does not have the same body, |
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571 | * byte-by-byte and you did return an ETag here, clients tend to get |
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572 | * confused. |
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573 | * |
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574 | * If you don't return an ETag, you can just return null. |
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575 | * |
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576 | * @param mixed $addressBookId |
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577 | * @param string $cardUri |
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578 | * @param string $cardData |
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579 | * @return string |
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580 | */ |
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581 | public function updateCard($addressBookId, $cardUri, $cardData) { |
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606 | |||
607 | /** |
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608 | * Deletes a card |
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609 | * |
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610 | * @param mixed $addressBookId |
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611 | * @param string $cardUri |
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612 | * @return bool |
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613 | */ |
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614 | public function deleteCard($addressBookId, $cardUri) { |
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644 | |||
645 | /** |
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646 | * The getChanges method returns all the changes that have happened, since |
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647 | * the specified syncToken in the specified address book. |
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648 | * |
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649 | * This function should return an array, such as the following: |
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650 | * |
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651 | * [ |
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652 | * 'syncToken' => 'The current synctoken', |
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653 | * 'added' => [ |
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654 | * 'new.txt', |
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655 | * ], |
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656 | * 'modified' => [ |
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657 | * 'modified.txt', |
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658 | * ], |
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659 | * 'deleted' => [ |
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660 | * 'foo.php.bak', |
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661 | * 'old.txt' |
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662 | * ] |
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663 | * ]; |
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664 | * |
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665 | * The returned syncToken property should reflect the *current* syncToken |
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666 | * of the calendar, as reported in the {http://sabredav.org/ns}sync-token |
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667 | * property. This is needed here too, to ensure the operation is atomic. |
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668 | * |
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669 | * If the $syncToken argument is specified as null, this is an initial |
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670 | * sync, and all members should be reported. |
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671 | * |
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672 | * The modified property is an array of nodenames that have changed since |
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673 | * the last token. |
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674 | * |
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675 | * The deleted property is an array with nodenames, that have been deleted |
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676 | * from collection. |
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677 | * |
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678 | * The $syncLevel argument is basically the 'depth' of the report. If it's |
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679 | * 1, you only have to report changes that happened only directly in |
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680 | * immediate descendants. If it's 2, it should also include changes from |
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681 | * the nodes below the child collections. (grandchildren) |
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682 | * |
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683 | * The $limit argument allows a client to specify how many results should |
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684 | * be returned at most. If the limit is not specified, it should be treated |
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685 | * as infinite. |
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686 | * |
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687 | * If the limit (infinite or not) is higher than you're willing to return, |
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688 | * you should throw a Sabre\DAV\Exception\TooMuchMatches() exception. |
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689 | * |
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690 | * If the syncToken is expired (due to data cleanup) or unknown, you must |
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691 | * return null. |
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692 | * |
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693 | * The limit is 'suggestive'. You are free to ignore it. |
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694 | * |
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695 | * @param string $addressBookId |
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696 | * @param string $syncToken |
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697 | * @param int $syncLevel |
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698 | * @param int $limit |
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699 | * @return array |
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700 | */ |
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701 | public function getChangesForAddressBook($addressBookId, $syncToken, $syncLevel, $limit = null) { |
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756 | |||
757 | /** |
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758 | * Adds a change record to the addressbookchanges table. |
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759 | * |
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760 | * @param mixed $addressBookId |
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761 | * @param string $objectUri |
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762 | * @param int $operation 1 = add, 2 = modify, 3 = delete |
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763 | * @return void |
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764 | */ |
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765 | protected function addChange($addressBookId, $objectUri, $operation) { |
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779 | |||
780 | private function readBlob($cardData) { |
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787 | |||
788 | /** |
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789 | * @param IShareable $shareable |
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790 | * @param string[] $add |
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791 | * @param string[] $remove |
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792 | */ |
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793 | public function updateShares(IShareable $shareable, $add, $remove) { |
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796 | |||
797 | /** |
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798 | * search contact |
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799 | * |
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800 | * @param int $addressBookId |
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801 | * @param string $pattern which should match within the $searchProperties |
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802 | * @param array $searchProperties defines the properties within the query pattern should match |
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803 | * @param int $limit |
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804 | * @param int $offset |
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805 | * @return array an array of contacts which are arrays of key-value-pairs |
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806 | */ |
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807 | public function search($addressBookId, $pattern, $searchProperties, $limit = 100, $offset = 0) { |
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837 | |||
838 | /** |
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839 | * @param int $bookId |
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840 | * @param string $name |
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841 | * @return array |
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842 | */ |
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843 | public function collectCardProperties($bookId, $name) { |
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856 | |||
857 | /** |
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858 | * get URI from a given contact |
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859 | * |
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860 | * @param int $id |
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861 | * @return string |
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862 | * @throws \InvalidArgumentException |
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863 | */ |
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864 | View Code Duplication | public function getCardUri($id) { |
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880 | |||
881 | /** |
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882 | * return contact with the given URI |
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883 | * |
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884 | * @param int $addressBookId |
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885 | * @param string $uri |
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886 | * @return array |
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887 | */ |
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888 | public function getContact($addressBookId, $uri) { |
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904 | |||
905 | /** |
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906 | * Returns the list of people whom this address book is shared with. |
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907 | * |
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908 | * Every element in this array should have the following properties: |
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909 | * * href - Often a mailto: address |
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910 | * * commonName - Optional, for example a first + last name |
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911 | * * status - See the Sabre\CalDAV\SharingPlugin::STATUS_ constants. |
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912 | * * readOnly - boolean |
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913 | * * summary - Optional, a description for the share |
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914 | * |
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915 | * @return array |
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916 | */ |
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917 | public function getShares($addressBookId) { |
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920 | |||
921 | /** |
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922 | * update properties table |
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923 | * |
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924 | * @param int $addressBookId |
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925 | * @param string $cardUri |
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926 | * @param string $vCardSerialized |
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927 | */ |
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928 | protected function updateProperties($addressBookId, $cardUri, $vCardSerialized) { |
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963 | |||
964 | /** |
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965 | * read vCard data into a vCard object |
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966 | * |
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967 | * @param string $cardData |
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968 | * @return VCard |
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969 | */ |
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970 | protected function readCard($cardData) { |
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973 | |||
974 | /** |
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975 | * delete all properties from a given card |
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976 | * |
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977 | * @param int $addressBookId |
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978 | * @param int $cardId |
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979 | */ |
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980 | protected function purgeProperties($addressBookId, $cardId) { |
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987 | |||
988 | /** |
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989 | * get ID from a given contact |
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990 | * |
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991 | * @param int $addressBookId |
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992 | * @param string $uri |
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993 | * @return int |
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994 | * @throws \InvalidArgumentException |
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995 | */ |
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996 | protected function getCardId($addressBookId, $uri) { |
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1017 | |||
1018 | /** |
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1019 | * For shared address books the sharee is set in the ACL of the address book |
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1020 | * @param $addressBookId |
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1021 | * @param $acl |
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1022 | * @return array |
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1023 | */ |
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1024 | public function applyShareAcl($addressBookId, $acl) { |
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1027 | |||
1028 | private function convertPrincipal($principalUri, $toV2 = null) { |
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1039 | } |
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1040 |
Let’s assume that you have a directory layout like this:
and let’s assume the following content of
Bar.php
:If both files
OtherDir/Foo.php
andSomeDir/Foo.php
are loaded in the same runtime, you will see a PHP error such as the following:PHP Fatal error: Cannot use SomeDir\Foo as Foo because the name is already in use in OtherDir/Foo.php
However, as
OtherDir/Foo.php
does not necessarily have to be loaded and the error is only triggered if it is loaded beforeOtherDir/Bar.php
, this problem might go unnoticed for a while. In order to prevent this error from surfacing, you must import the namespace with a different alias: