Table - Code Metrics - Inspection of "Merge branch 'master' of https://github.com/oscaro..." - oscarotero/simple-crud - Measure and Improve Code Quality continuously with Scrutinizer

Completed

Push — master ( 9817c8...2b2ac0 )

by Oscar

created 2016-05-10 19:24 UTC

Table B

↳ Parent: Project

Complexity

Total Complexity

Size/Duplication

Total Lines	349
Duplicated Lines	1.72 %

Coupling/Cohesion

Components	3
Dependencies	6

Importance

Changes	7
Bugs	1	Features	2

Metric	Value
wmc	40
c	7
b	1
f	2
lcom	3
cbo	6
dl	6
loc	349
rs	8.2608

21 Methods

Rating	Name	Duplication	Size	Complexity
A	__construct()	0	16	2
A	__debugInfo()	0	7	1
A	init()	0	3	1
A	cache()	0	4	1
A	clearCache()	0	4	1
A	__call()	0	4	1
A	offsetExists()	0	11	2
A	offsetGet()	0	11	2
B	offsetSet()	0	35	5
A	offsetUnset()	0	9	1
A	getDatabase()	0	4	1
A	getScheme()	0	4	1
A	getAttribute()	0	4	1
A	setRow()	0	4	1
A	setCollection()	0	4	1
B	create()	3	14	5
A	createCollection()	0	10	2
A	dataToDatabase()	0	4	1
A	dataFromDatabase()	0	4	1
B	createFromDatabase()	3	21	5
A	prepareDataToDatabase()	0	17	4

How to fix Duplicated Code Complexity

Duplicated Code

Duplicate code is one of the most pungent code smells. A rule that is often used is to re-structure code once it is duplicated in three or more places.

Common duplication problems, and corresponding solutions are:

If you have the same expression in different places: Extract expression to a method
If you have the same method in different sub-classes: Extract method, and pull up field to the parent class
If you have the same code in unrelated classes: Consider extracting the code to a new class, and injecting that class

Complex Class

Tip: Before tackling complexity, make sure that you eliminate any duplication first. This often can reduce the size of classes significantly.

Complex classes like Table often do a lot of different things. To break such a class down, we need to identify a cohesive component within that class. A common approach to find such a component is to look for fields/methods that share the same prefixes, or suffixes. You can also have a look at the cohesion graph to spot any un-connected, or weakly-connected components.

Once you have determined the fields that belong together, you can apply the Extract Class refactoring. If the component makes sense as a sub-class, Extract Subclass is also a candidate, and is often faster.

While breaking up the class, it is a good idea to analyze how other classes use Table, and based on these observations, apply Extract Interface, too.

<?php

namespace SimpleCrud;

use ArrayAccess;

/**
 * Manages a database table.
 */
class Table implements ArrayAccess
{
    private $db;
    private $row;
    private $collection;
    private $cache = [];

    public $name;
    public $fields = [];

    /**
     * Constructor.
     *
     * @param SimpleCrud $db
     * @param string     $name
     */
    final public function __construct(SimpleCrud $db, $name)
    {
        $this->db = $db;
        $this->name = $name;

        $this->setRow(new Row($this));
        $this->setCollection(new RowCollection($this));

        $fieldFactory = $db->getFieldFactory();

        foreach (array_keys($this->getScheme()['fields']) as $name) {
            $this->fields[$name] = $fieldFactory->get($this, $name);
        }

        $this->init();
    }

    /**
     * Debug info.
     * 
     * @return array
     */
    public function __debugInfo()
    {
        return [
            'name' => $this->name,
            'fields' => $this->fields,
        ];
    }

    /**
     * Callback used to init the table.
     */
    protected function init()
    {
    }

    /**
     * Store a row in the cache.
     * 
     * @param int $id
/**
 * @param array $germany
 * @param array $island
 * @param array $italy
 */
function finale($germany, $island) {
    return "2:1";
}
     * @param Row $Row
/**
 * @param array $germany
 * @param array $island
 * @param array $italy
 */
function finale($germany, $island) {
    return "2:1";
}
     */
    public function cache(Row $row)
    {
        $this->cache[$row->id] = $row;
    }

    /**
     * Clear the current cache.
     */
    public function clearCache()
    {
        $this->cache = [];
    }

    /**
     * Magic method to create queries related with this table.
     *
     * @param string $name
     * @param array  $arguments
     *
     * @throws SimpleCrudException
     *
     * @return Queries\Query|null
     */
    public function __call($name, $arguments)
    {
        return $this->getDatabase()->getQueryFactory()->get($this, $name);
    }

    /**
     * Check if a row with a specific id exists.
     *
     * @see ArrayAccess
     *
     * @return bool
     */
    public function offsetExists($offset)
    {
        if (array_key_exists($offset, $this->cache)) {
            return !empty($this->cache[$offset]);
        }

        return $this->count()
class ParentClass {
    private $data = array();

    public function __call($method, array $args) {
        if (0 === strpos($method, 'get')) {
            return $this->data[strtolower(substr($method, 3))];
        }

        throw new \LogicException(sprintf('Unsupported method: %s', $method));
    }
}

/**
 * If this class knows which fields exist, you can specify the methods here:
 *
 * @method string getName()
 */
class SomeClass extends ParentClass { }
            ->byId($offset)
            ->limit(1)
            ->run() === 1;
    }

    /**
     * Returns a row with a specific id.
     *
     * @see ArrayAccess
     *
     * @return Row|null
     */
    public function offsetGet($offset)
    {
        if (array_key_exists($offset, $this->cache)) {
            return $this->cache[$offset];
        }

        return $this->cache[$offset] = $this->select()
class ParentClass {
    private $data = array();

    public function __call($method, array $args) {
        if (0 === strpos($method, 'get')) {
            return $this->data[strtolower(substr($method, 3))];
        }

        throw new \LogicException(sprintf('Unsupported method: %s', $method));
    }
}

/**
 * If this class knows which fields exist, you can specify the methods here:
 *
 * @method string getName()
 */
class SomeClass extends ParentClass { }
            ->one()
            ->byId($offset)
            ->run();
    }

    /**
     * Store a row with a specific id.
     *
     * @see ArrayAccess
     */
    public function offsetSet($offset, $value)
    {
        //Insert on missing offset
        if ($offset === null) {
            $value['id'] = null;

            $this->insert()
class ParentClass {
    private $data = array();

    public function __call($method, array $args) {
        if (0 === strpos($method, 'get')) {
            return $this->data[strtolower(substr($method, 3))];
        }

        throw new \LogicException(sprintf('Unsupported method: %s', $method));
    }
}

/**
 * If this class knows which fields exist, you can specify the methods here:
 *
 * @method string getName()
 */
class SomeClass extends ParentClass { }
                ->data($value)
                ->run();

            return;
        }

        //Update if the element is cached
        if (isset($this->cache[$offset])) {
            $row = $this->cache[$offset];

            foreach ($value as $name => $val) {
                $row->$name = $val;
            }

            $row->save();

            return;
        }

        //Update if the element it's not cached
        if ($this->offsetExists($offset)) {
            $this->update()
class ParentClass {
    private $data = array();

    public function __call($method, array $args) {
        if (0 === strpos($method, 'get')) {
            return $this->data[strtolower(substr($method, 3))];
        }

        throw new \LogicException(sprintf('Unsupported method: %s', $method));
    }
}

/**
 * If this class knows which fields exist, you can specify the methods here:
 *
 * @method string getName()
 */
class SomeClass extends ParentClass { }
                ->data($value)
                ->byId($offset)
                ->limit(1)
                ->run();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Remove a row with a specific id.
     *
     * @see ArrayAccess
     */
    public function offsetUnset($offset)
    {
        unset($this->cache[$offset]);

        $this->delete()
class ParentClass {
    private $data = array();

    public function __call($method, array $args) {
        if (0 === strpos($method, 'get')) {
            return $this->data[strtolower(substr($method, 3))];
        }

        throw new \LogicException(sprintf('Unsupported method: %s', $method));
    }
}

/**
 * If this class knows which fields exist, you can specify the methods here:
 *
 * @method string getName()
 */
class SomeClass extends ParentClass { }
            ->byId($offset)
            ->limit(1)
            ->run();
    }

    /**
     * Returns the SimpleCrud instance associated with this table.
     *
     * @return SimpleCrud
     */
    public function getDatabase()
    {
        return $this->db;
    }

    /**
     * Returns the table scheme.
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public function getScheme()
    {
        return $this->db->getScheme()[$this->name];
    }

    /**
     * Returns an attribute.
     *
     * @param string $name
     *
     * @return null|mixed
     */
    public function getAttribute($name)
    {
        return $this->db->getAttribute($name);
    }

    /**
     * Defines the Row class used by this table.
     *
     * @param Row $row
     */
    public function setRow(Row $row)
    {
        $this->row = $row;
    }

    /**
     * Defines the RowCollection class used by this table.
     *
     * @param RowCollection $collection
     */
    public function setCollection(RowCollection $collection)
    {
        $this->collection = $collection;
    }

    /**
     * Creates a new row instance.
     *
     * @param array $data The values of the row
     *
     * @return Row
     */
    public function create(array $data = [])
    {
        if (isset($data['id']) && isset($this->cache[$data['id']]) && is_object($this->cache[$data['id']])) {

            return $this->cache[$data['id']];
        }

        $row = clone $this->row;

        foreach ($data as $name => $value) {
            $row->$name = $value;
        }

        return $row;
    }

    /**
     * Creates a new rowCollection instance.
     *
     * @param array $data Rows added to this collection
     *
     * @return RowCollection
     */
    public function createCollection(array $data = [])
    {
        $collection = clone $this->collection;

        foreach ($data as $row) {
            $collection[] = $row;
        }

        return $collection;
    }

    /**
     * Default data converter/validator from database.
     *
     * @param array $data The values before insert to database
     * @param bool  $new  True for inserts, false for updates
     */
    public function dataToDatabase(array $data, $new)

    {
        return $data;
    }

    /**
     * Default data converter from database.
     *
     * @param array $data The database format values
     */
    public function dataFromDatabase(array $data)
    {
        return $data;
    }

    /**
     * Prepares the data from the result of a database selection.
     *
     * @param array $data
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public function createFromDatabase(array $data)
    {
        //Get from cache
        if (isset($this->cache[$data['id']]) && is_object(isset($this->cache[$data['id']]))) {

            return $this->cache[$data['id']];
        }

        if (!is_array($row = $this->dataFromDatabase(array_intersect_key($data, $this->fields)))) {
            throw new SimpleCrudException('Data not valid');
        }

        foreach ($this->fields as $name => $field) {
            $row[$name] = $field->dataFromDatabase($row[$name]);
        }

        $row = $this->create($row);

        $this->cache($row);

        return $row;
class Author {
    private $name;

    public function __construct($name) {
        $this->name = $name;
    }

    public function getName() {
        return $this->name;
    }
}

abstract class Post {
    public function getAuthor() {
        return 'Johannes';
    }
}

class BlogPost extends Post {
    public function getAuthor() {
        return new Author('Johannes');
    }
}

class ForumPost extends Post { /* ... */ }

function my_function(Post $post) {
    echo strtoupper($post->getAuthor());
}
    }

    /**
     * Prepares the data before save into database (used by update and insert).
     *
     * @param array $data
     * @param bool  $new
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public function prepareDataToDatabase(array $data, $new)
    {
        if (!is_array($data = $this->dataToDatabase($data, $new))) {
            throw new SimpleCrudException('Data not valid');
        }

        if (array_diff_key($data, $this->fields)) {
            throw new SimpleCrudException('Invalid fields');
        }

        //Transform data before save to database
        foreach ($data as $key => &$value) {
            $value = $this->fields[$key]->dataToDatabase($value);
        }

        return $data;
    }
}


1		<?php
2
3		namespace SimpleCrud;
4
5		use ArrayAccess;
6
7		/**
8		* Manages a database table.
9		*/
10		class Table implements ArrayAccess
11		{
12		private $db;
13		private $row;
14		private $collection;
15		private $cache = [];
16
17		public $name;
18		public $fields = [];
19
20		/**
21		* Constructor.
22		*
23		* @param SimpleCrud $db
24		* @param string $name
25		*/
26		final public function __construct(SimpleCrud $db, $name)
27		{
28		$this->db = $db;
29		$this->name = $name;
30
31		$this->setRow(new Row($this));
32		$this->setCollection(new RowCollection($this));
33
34		$fieldFactory = $db->getFieldFactory();
35
36		foreach (array_keys($this->getScheme()['fields']) as $name) {
37		$this->fields[$name] = $fieldFactory->get($this, $name);
38		}
39
40		$this->init();
41		}
42
43		/**
44		* Debug info.
45		*
46		* @return array
47		*/
48		public function __debugInfo()
49		{
50		return [
51		'name' => $this->name,
52		'fields' => $this->fields,
53		];
54		}
55
56		/**
57		* Callback used to init the table.
58		*/
59		protected function init()
60		{
61		}
62
63		/**
64		* Store a row in the cache.
65		*
66		* @param int $id
		0 ignored issues – show Bug introduced 2016-02-17 00:40 UTC by Report Bug Copy Issue Report There is no parameter named `$id`. Was it maybe removed? This check looks for PHPDoc comments describing methods or function parameters that do not exist on the corresponding method or function. Consider the following example. The parameter `$italy` is not defined by the method `finale(...)`. /** * @param array $germany * @param array $island * @param array $italy */ function finale($germany, $island) { return "2:1"; } The most likely cause is that the parameter was removed, but the annotation was not. Loading history...
67		* @param Row $Row
		0 ignored issues – show Bug introduced 2016-02-17 00:40 UTC by Report Bug Copy Issue Report There is no parameter named `$Row`. Was it maybe removed? This check looks for PHPDoc comments describing methods or function parameters that do not exist on the corresponding method or function. Consider the following example. The parameter `$italy` is not defined by the method `finale(...)`. /** * @param array $germany * @param array $island * @param array $italy */ function finale($germany, $island) { return "2:1"; } The most likely cause is that the parameter was removed, but the annotation was not. Loading history...
68		*/
69		public function cache(Row $row)
70		{
71		$this->cache[$row->id] = $row;
72		}
73
74		/**
75		* Clear the current cache.
76		*/
77		public function clearCache()
78		{
79		$this->cache = [];
80		}
81
82		/**
83		* Magic method to create queries related with this table.
84		*
85		* @param string $name
86		* @param array $arguments
87		*
88		* @throws SimpleCrudException
89		*
90		* @return Queries\Query\|null
91		*/
92		public function __call($name, $arguments)
93		{
94		return $this->getDatabase()->getQueryFactory()->get($this, $name);
95		}
96
97		/**
98		* Check if a row with a specific id exists.
99		*
100		* @see ArrayAccess
101		*
102		* @return bool
103		*/
104		public function offsetExists($offset)
105		{
106		if (array_key_exists($offset, $this->cache)) {
107		return !empty($this->cache[$offset]);
108		}
109
110		return $this->count()
		0 ignored issues – show Documentation Bug introduced 2016-02-17 00:40 UTC by Report Bug Copy Issue Report The method `count` does not exist on `object<SimpleCrud\Table>`? Since you implemented `__call`, maybe consider adding a @method annotation. If you implement `__call` and you know which methods are available, you can improve IDE auto-completion and static analysis by adding a @method annotation to the class. This is often the case, when `__call` is implemented by a parent class and only the child class knows which methods exist: class ParentClass { private $data = array(); public function __call($method, array $args) { if (0 === strpos($method, 'get')) { return $this->data[strtolower(substr($method, 3))]; } throw new \LogicException(sprintf('Unsupported method: %s', $method)); } } /** * If this class knows which fields exist, you can specify the methods here: * * @method string getName() */ class SomeClass extends ParentClass { } Loading history...
111		->byId($offset)
112		->limit(1)
113		->run() === 1;
114		}
115
116		/**
117		* Returns a row with a specific id.
118		*
119		* @see ArrayAccess
120		*
121		* @return Row\|null
122		*/
123		public function offsetGet($offset)
124		{
125		if (array_key_exists($offset, $this->cache)) {
126		return $this->cache[$offset];
127		}
128
129		return $this->cache[$offset] = $this->select()
		0 ignored issues – show Documentation Bug introduced 2016-02-17 00:40 UTC by Report Bug Copy Issue Report The method `select` does not exist on `object<SimpleCrud\Table>`? Since you implemented `__call`, maybe consider adding a @method annotation. If you implement `__call` and you know which methods are available, you can improve IDE auto-completion and static analysis by adding a @method annotation to the class. This is often the case, when `__call` is implemented by a parent class and only the child class knows which methods exist: class ParentClass { private $data = array(); public function __call($method, array $args) { if (0 === strpos($method, 'get')) { return $this->data[strtolower(substr($method, 3))]; } throw new \LogicException(sprintf('Unsupported method: %s', $method)); } } /** * If this class knows which fields exist, you can specify the methods here: * * @method string getName() */ class SomeClass extends ParentClass { } Loading history...
130		->one()
131		->byId($offset)
132		->run();
133		}
134
135		/**
136		* Store a row with a specific id.
137		*
138		* @see ArrayAccess
139		*/
140		public function offsetSet($offset, $value)
141		{
142		//Insert on missing offset
143		if ($offset === null) {
144		$value['id'] = null;
145
146		$this->insert()
		0 ignored issues – show Documentation Bug introduced 2016-02-17 00:40 UTC by Report Bug Copy Issue Report The method `insert` does not exist on `object<SimpleCrud\Table>`? Since you implemented `__call`, maybe consider adding a @method annotation. If you implement `__call` and you know which methods are available, you can improve IDE auto-completion and static analysis by adding a @method annotation to the class. This is often the case, when `__call` is implemented by a parent class and only the child class knows which methods exist: class ParentClass { private $data = array(); public function __call($method, array $args) { if (0 === strpos($method, 'get')) { return $this->data[strtolower(substr($method, 3))]; } throw new \LogicException(sprintf('Unsupported method: %s', $method)); } } /** * If this class knows which fields exist, you can specify the methods here: * * @method string getName() */ class SomeClass extends ParentClass { } Loading history...
147		->data($value)
148		->run();
149
150		return;
151		}
152
153		//Update if the element is cached
154		if (isset($this->cache[$offset])) {
155		$row = $this->cache[$offset];
156
157		foreach ($value as $name => $val) {
158		$row->$name = $val;
159		}
160
161		$row->save();
162
163		return;
164		}
165
166		//Update if the element it's not cached
167		if ($this->offsetExists($offset)) {
168		$this->update()
		0 ignored issues – show Documentation Bug introduced 2016-02-17 00:40 UTC by Report Bug Copy Issue Report The method `update` does not exist on `object<SimpleCrud\Table>`? Since you implemented `__call`, maybe consider adding a @method annotation. If you implement `__call` and you know which methods are available, you can improve IDE auto-completion and static analysis by adding a @method annotation to the class. This is often the case, when `__call` is implemented by a parent class and only the child class knows which methods exist: class ParentClass { private $data = array(); public function __call($method, array $args) { if (0 === strpos($method, 'get')) { return $this->data[strtolower(substr($method, 3))]; } throw new \LogicException(sprintf('Unsupported method: %s', $method)); } } /** * If this class knows which fields exist, you can specify the methods here: * * @method string getName() */ class SomeClass extends ParentClass { } Loading history...
169		->data($value)
170		->byId($offset)
171		->limit(1)
172		->run();
173		}
174		}
175
176		/**
177		* Remove a row with a specific id.
178		*
179		* @see ArrayAccess
180		*/
181		public function offsetUnset($offset)
182		{
183		unset($this->cache[$offset]);
184
185		$this->delete()
		0 ignored issues – show Documentation Bug introduced 2016-02-17 00:40 UTC by Report Bug Copy Issue Report The method `delete` does not exist on `object<SimpleCrud\Table>`? Since you implemented `__call`, maybe consider adding a @method annotation. If you implement `__call` and you know which methods are available, you can improve IDE auto-completion and static analysis by adding a @method annotation to the class. This is often the case, when `__call` is implemented by a parent class and only the child class knows which methods exist: class ParentClass { private $data = array(); public function __call($method, array $args) { if (0 === strpos($method, 'get')) { return $this->data[strtolower(substr($method, 3))]; } throw new \LogicException(sprintf('Unsupported method: %s', $method)); } } /** * If this class knows which fields exist, you can specify the methods here: * * @method string getName() */ class SomeClass extends ParentClass { } Loading history...
186		->byId($offset)
187		->limit(1)
188		->run();
189		}
190
191		/**
192		* Returns the SimpleCrud instance associated with this table.
193		*
194		* @return SimpleCrud
195		*/
196		public function getDatabase()
197		{
198		return $this->db;
199		}
200
201		/**
202		* Returns the table scheme.
203		*
204		* @return array
205		*/
206		public function getScheme()
207		{
208		return $this->db->getScheme()[$this->name];
209		}
210
211		/**
212		* Returns an attribute.
213		*
214		* @param string $name
215		*
216		* @return null\|mixed
217		*/
218		public function getAttribute($name)
219		{
220		return $this->db->getAttribute($name);
221		}
222
223		/**
224		* Defines the Row class used by this table.
225		*
226		* @param Row $row
227		*/
228		public function setRow(Row $row)
229		{
230		$this->row = $row;
231		}
232
233		/**
234		* Defines the RowCollection class used by this table.
235		*
236		* @param RowCollection $collection
237		*/
238		public function setCollection(RowCollection $collection)
239		{
240		$this->collection = $collection;
241		}
242
243		/**
244		* Creates a new row instance.
245		*
246		* @param array $data The values of the row
247		*
248		* @return Row
249		*/
250		public function create(array $data = [])
251		{
252	View Code Duplication	if (isset($data['id']) && isset($this->cache[$data['id']]) && is_object($this->cache[$data['id']])) {
		0 ignored issues – show Duplication introduced 2016-02-17 00:40 UTC by Report Bug Copy Issue Report This code seems to be duplicated across your project. Duplicated code is one of the most pungent code smells. If you need to duplicate the same code in three or more different places, we strongly encourage you to look into extracting the code into a single class or operation. You can also find more detailed suggestions in the “Code” section of your repository. Loading history...
253		return $this->cache[$data['id']];
254		}
255
256		$row = clone $this->row;
257
258		foreach ($data as $name => $value) {
259		$row->$name = $value;
260		}
261
262		return $row;
263		}
264
265		/**
266		* Creates a new rowCollection instance.
267		*
268		* @param array $data Rows added to this collection
269		*
270		* @return RowCollection
271		*/
272		public function createCollection(array $data = [])
273		{
274		$collection = clone $this->collection;
275
276		foreach ($data as $row) {
277		$collection[] = $row;
278		}
279
280		return $collection;
281		}
282
283		/**
284		* Default data converter/validator from database.
285		*
286		* @param array $data The values before insert to database
287		* @param bool $new True for inserts, false for updates
288		*/
289		public function dataToDatabase(array $data, $new)
		0 ignored issues – show Unused Code introduced 2015-12-02 18:20 UTC by Report Bug Copy Issue Report The parameter `$new` is not used and could be removed. This check looks from parameters that have been defined for a function or method, but which are not used in the method body. Loading history...
290		{
291		return $data;
292		}
293
294		/**
295		* Default data converter from database.
296		*
297		* @param array $data The database format values
298		*/
299		public function dataFromDatabase(array $data)
300		{
301		return $data;
302		}
303
304		/**
305		* Prepares the data from the result of a database selection.
306		*
307		* @param array $data
308		*
309		* @return array
310		*/
311		public function createFromDatabase(array $data)
312		{
313		//Get from cache
314	View Code Duplication	if (isset($this->cache[$data['id']]) && is_object(isset($this->cache[$data['id']]))) {
		0 ignored issues – show Duplication introduced 2016-02-17 00:40 UTC by Report Bug Copy Issue Report This code seems to be duplicated across your project. Duplicated code is one of the most pungent code smells. If you need to duplicate the same code in three or more different places, we strongly encourage you to look into extracting the code into a single class or operation. You can also find more detailed suggestions in the “Code” section of your repository. Loading history...
315		return $this->cache[$data['id']];
316		}
317
318		if (!is_array($row = $this->dataFromDatabase(array_intersect_key($data, $this->fields)))) {
319		throw new SimpleCrudException('Data not valid');
320		}
321
322		foreach ($this->fields as $name => $field) {
323		$row[$name] = $field->dataFromDatabase($row[$name]);
324		}
325
326		$row = $this->create($row);
327
328		$this->cache($row);
329
330		return $row;
		0 ignored issues – show Bug Best Practice introduced 2016-02-17 00:40 UTC by Report Bug Copy Issue Report The return type of `return $row;` (`SimpleCrud\Row`) is incompatible with the return type documented by `SimpleCrud\Table::createFromDatabase` of type `array`. If you return a value from a function or method, it should be a sub-type of the type that is given by the parent type f.e. an interface, or abstract method. This is more formally defined by the Lizkov substitution principle, and guarantees that classes that depend on the parent type can use any instance of a child type interchangably. This principle also belongs to the SOLID principles for object oriented design. Let’s take a look at an example: class Author { private $name; public function __construct($name) { $this->name = $name; } public function getName() { return $this->name; } } abstract class Post { public function getAuthor() { return 'Johannes'; } } class BlogPost extends Post { public function getAuthor() { return new Author('Johannes'); } } class ForumPost extends Post { /* ... */ } function my_function(Post $post) { echo strtoupper($post->getAuthor()); } Our function `my_function` expects a `Post` object, and outputs the author of the post. The base class `Post` returns a simple string and outputting a simple string will work just fine. However, the child class `BlogPost` which is a sub-type of `Post` instead decided to return an `object`, and is therefore violating the SOLID principles. If a `BlogPost` were passed to `my_function`, PHP would not complain, but ultimately fail when executing the `strtoupper` call in its body. Loading history...
331		}
332
333		/**
334		* Prepares the data before save into database (used by update and insert).
335		*
336		* @param array $data
337		* @param bool $new
338		*
339		* @return array
340		*/
341		public function prepareDataToDatabase(array $data, $new)
342		{
343		if (!is_array($data = $this->dataToDatabase($data, $new))) {
344		throw new SimpleCrudException('Data not valid');
345		}
346
347		if (array_diff_key($data, $this->fields)) {
348		throw new SimpleCrudException('Invalid fields');
349		}
350
351		//Transform data before save to database
352		foreach ($data as $key => &$value) {
353		$value = $this->fields[$key]->dataToDatabase($value);
354		}
355
356		return $data;
357		}
358		}
359

oscarotero / simple-crud