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                <?php  | 
            
                            
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                namespace MySociety\TheyWorkForYou\Db;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                // We'll add up the times of each query so we can output the page total at the end.  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                global $mysqltotalduration;  | 
            
                            
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                $mysqltotalduration = 0.0;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                $global_connection = null;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                /**  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                 * Database Connection  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                 *  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                 * Somewhere (probably in `includes/easyparliament/init.php`) there should be  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                 * something like:  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                 *  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                 * ```php  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                 * Class ParlDB extends \MySociety\TheyWorkForYou\Db\Connection { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                 *     function ParlDB() { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                 *         $this->init (OPTION_TWFY_DB_HOST, OPTION_TWFY_DB_USER, OPTION_TWFY_DB_PASS, OPTION_TWFY_DB_NAME);  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                 *     }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                 * }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                 * ```  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                 *  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                 * Then, when you need to do queries, you do:  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                 *  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                 * ```php  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                 * $db = new ParlDB;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                 * $q = $db->query("SELECT haddock FROM fish"); | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                 * ```  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                 *  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                 * `$q` is then an instance of `Db\Query`.  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                 *  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                 * If other databases are needed, we just need to create a class for each, each  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                 * one extending `Db\Connection`.  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                 *  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                 * Call `$db->display_total_duration()` at the end of a page to send total  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                 * query time to `debug()`.  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                 *  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                 * Depends on having the `debug()` and `getmicrotime()` functions available  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                 * elsewhere to output debugging info.  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                 *  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                 */  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                class Connection { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    /**  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * Initialise Connection  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     *  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * If an existing MySQL connection exists, use that. Otherwise, create a  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * new connection.  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     *  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * @param string $db_host The hostname of the database server  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * @param string $db_user The user to connect to the database as  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * @param string $db_pass The password for the database user  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * @param string $db_name The name of the database  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     *  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * @return boolean If the connection has been created successfully.  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     */  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    public function init($db_host, $db_user, $db_pass, $db_name) { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        global $global_connection;  | 
            
                            
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                        // These vars come from config.php.  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        if (!$global_connection) { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            $dsn = 'mysql:charset=utf8;dbname=' . $db_name . ';host=' . $db_host;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            try { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                                $conn = new \PDO($dsn, $db_user, $db_pass);  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            } catch (\PDOException $e) { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                                $this->fatal_error('We were unable to connect to the TheyWorkForYou database for some reason. Please try again in a few minutes.'); | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            $global_connection = $conn;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $this->conn = $global_connection;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        return true;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    /**  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * Quote String  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     *  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * @param string $string The string to quote.  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     *  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * @return string The quoted string.  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     */  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    public function quote($string) { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        return $this->conn->quote($string);  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    /**  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * Execute Query  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     *  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * Takes a query, executes it and turns it into a query object.  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     *  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * @param string     $sql    The SQL query to execute  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * @param array|null $params Parameters to inject into the query  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     *  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * @return Query An object containing the results of the query.  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     */  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    public function query($sql, $params = null) { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $start = getmicrotime();  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $q = new \MySociety\TheyWorkForYou\Db\Query($this->conn);  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $q->query($sql, $params);  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $duration = getmicrotime() - $start;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        global $mysqltotalduration;  | 
            
                            
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                        $mysqltotalduration += $duration;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        twfy_debug("SQL", "Complete after $duration seconds."); | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        // We could also output $q->mysql_info() here, but that's for  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        // PHP >= 4.3.0.  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        return $q;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    /**  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * Display Total Duration  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     *  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * Displays the total time taken to execute all queries made via this  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * connection.  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     */  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    public function display_total_duration() { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        global $mysqltotalduration;  | 
            
                            
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                        twfy_debug("TIME", "Total time for MySQL queries on this page: " . $mysqltotalduration . " seconds."); | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                 | 
                 | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    132
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                    /**  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    133
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                     * Fatal Error  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    134
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                     *  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    135
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                     * Display a fatal error and exit the script.  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    136
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                     *  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    137
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                     * @param string $error The error message to display.  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    138
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                     */  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                                                                
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    139
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                 | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    140
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                    public function fatal_error($error) { | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    141
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                        echo '  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    142
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                <html><head><title>TheyWorkForYou - Database Error</title></head>  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    143
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                <body>  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    144
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                <h1><a href="/"><img border="0" src="/images/theyworkforyoucom.gif" width="293" height="28" alt="TheyWorkForYou"></a></h1>  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    145
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                <h2>Database error</h2>  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    146
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                ';  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    147
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                        echo "<p>$error</p>";  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    148
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                        echo '</body></html>';  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    149
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                        exit;  | 
            
                            
                    | 
                        
                     | 
                     | 
                     | 
                    
                                                                                                    
                        
                         
                                                                                        
                                                                                     
                     | 
                
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    150
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    151
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                 | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                                                                
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    152
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                }  | 
            
            
                                                        
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    153
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                 | 
            
            
                        
The PSR-1: Basic Coding Standard recommends that a file should either introduce new symbols, that is classes, functions, constants or similar, or have side effects. Side effects are anything that executes logic, like for example printing output, changing ini settings or writing to a file.
The idea behind this recommendation is that merely auto-loading a class should not change the state of an application. It also promotes a cleaner style of programming and makes your code less prone to errors, because the logic is not spread out all over the place.
To learn more about the PSR-1, please see the PHP-FIG site on the PSR-1.