miBadger / miBadger.ActiveRecord

src/Traits/ManyToManyRelation.php

Indentation +109 added lines, -109 removed lines

@@ -8,115 +8,115 @@
 
 Trait ManyToManyRelation
 {
-	// These variables are relevant for internal bookkeeping (constraint generation etc)
-
-	/** @var string The name of the left column of the relation. */
-	private $_leftColumnName;
-
-	/** @var string The name of the right column of the relation. */
-	private $_rightColumnName;
-
-	/** @var string The name of the left table of the relation. */
-	private $_leftEntityTable;
-
-	/** @var string The name of the right table of the relation. */
-	private $_rightEntityTable;
-
-	/** @var \PDO The PDO object. */
-	protected $pdo;
-	/**
-	 * Initializes the the ManyToManyRelation trait on the included object
-	 * 
-	 * @param AbstractActiveRecord $leftEntity The left entity of the relation
-	 * @param int $leftVariable The reference to the variable where the id for the left entity will be stored
-	 * @param AbstractActiveRecord $rightEntity The left entity of the relation
-	 * @param int $leftVariable The reference to the variable where the id for the right entity will be stored
-	 * @return void
-	 */
-	protected function initManyToManyRelation(AbstractActiveRecord $leftEntity, &$leftVariable, AbstractActiveRecord $rightEntity, &$rightVariable)
-	{
-		$this->_leftEntityTable = $leftEntity->getTableName();
-		$this->_rightEntityTable = $rightEntity->getTableName();
-
-		if (get_class($leftEntity) === get_class($rightEntity)) {
-			$this->_leftColumnName = sprintf("id_%s_left", $leftEntity->getTableName());
-			$this->_rightColumnName = sprintf("id_%s_right", $rightEntity->getTableName());
-		} else {
-			$this->_leftColumnName = sprintf("id_%s", $leftEntity->getTableName());
-			$this->_rightColumnName = sprintf("id_%s", $rightEntity->getTableName());
-		}
-
-		$this->extendTableDefinition($this->_leftColumnName, [
-			'value' => &$leftVariable,
-			'validate' => null,
-			'type' => AbstractActiveRecord::COLUMN_TYPE_ID,
-			'properties' => ColumnProperty::NOT_NULL
-		]);
-
-		$this->extendTableDefinition($this->_rightColumnName, [
-			'value' => &$rightVariable,
-			'validate' => null,
-			'type' => AbstractActiveRecord::COLUMN_TYPE_ID,
-			'properties' => ColumnProperty::NOT_NULL
-		]);
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Build the constraints for the many-to-many relation table
-	 * @return void
-	 */
-	public function createTableConstraints()
-	{
-		$childTable = $this->getTableName();
-
-		$leftParentTable = $this->_leftEntityTable;
-		$rightParentTable = $this->_rightEntityTable;
-
-		$leftConstraint = $this->buildConstraint($leftParentTable, 'id', $childTable, $this->_leftColumnName);
-		$rightConstraint = $this->buildConstraint($rightParentTable, 'id', $childTable, $this->_rightColumnName);
-
-		$this->pdo->query($leftConstraint);
-		$this->pdo->query($rightConstraint);
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * @return void
-	 */	
-	abstract public function getTableName();
-
-	/**
-	 * @return void
-	 */
-	abstract protected function buildConstraint($parentTable, $parentColumn, $childTable, $childColumn);
-
-	/**
-	 * @return void
-	 */
-	abstract protected function extendTableDefinition($columnName, $definition);
+    // These variables are relevant for internal bookkeeping (constraint generation etc)
+
+    /** @var string The name of the left column of the relation. */
+    private $_leftColumnName;
+
+    /** @var string The name of the right column of the relation. */
+    private $_rightColumnName;
+
+    /** @var string The name of the left table of the relation. */
+    private $_leftEntityTable;
+
+    /** @var string The name of the right table of the relation. */
+    private $_rightEntityTable;
+
+    /** @var \PDO The PDO object. */
+    protected $pdo;
+    /**
+     * Initializes the the ManyToManyRelation trait on the included object
+     * 
+     * @param AbstractActiveRecord $leftEntity The left entity of the relation
+     * @param int $leftVariable The reference to the variable where the id for the left entity will be stored
+     * @param AbstractActiveRecord $rightEntity The left entity of the relation
+     * @param int $leftVariable The reference to the variable where the id for the right entity will be stored
+     * @return void
+     */
+    protected function initManyToManyRelation(AbstractActiveRecord $leftEntity, &$leftVariable, AbstractActiveRecord $rightEntity, &$rightVariable)
+    {
+        $this->_leftEntityTable = $leftEntity->getTableName();
+        $this->_rightEntityTable = $rightEntity->getTableName();
+
+        if (get_class($leftEntity) === get_class($rightEntity)) {
+            $this->_leftColumnName = sprintf("id_%s_left", $leftEntity->getTableName());
+            $this->_rightColumnName = sprintf("id_%s_right", $rightEntity->getTableName());
+        } else {
+            $this->_leftColumnName = sprintf("id_%s", $leftEntity->getTableName());
+            $this->_rightColumnName = sprintf("id_%s", $rightEntity->getTableName());
+        }
+
+        $this->extendTableDefinition($this->_leftColumnName, [
+            'value' => &$leftVariable,
+            'validate' => null,
+            'type' => AbstractActiveRecord::COLUMN_TYPE_ID,
+            'properties' => ColumnProperty::NOT_NULL
+        ]);
+
+        $this->extendTableDefinition($this->_rightColumnName, [
+            'value' => &$rightVariable,
+            'validate' => null,
+            'type' => AbstractActiveRecord::COLUMN_TYPE_ID,
+            'properties' => ColumnProperty::NOT_NULL
+        ]);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Build the constraints for the many-to-many relation table
+     * @return void
+     */
+    public function createTableConstraints()
+    {
+        $childTable = $this->getTableName();
+
+        $leftParentTable = $this->_leftEntityTable;
+        $rightParentTable = $this->_rightEntityTable;
+
+        $leftConstraint = $this->buildConstraint($leftParentTable, 'id', $childTable, $this->_leftColumnName);
+        $rightConstraint = $this->buildConstraint($rightParentTable, 'id', $childTable, $this->_rightColumnName);
+
+        $this->pdo->query($leftConstraint);
+        $this->pdo->query($rightConstraint);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return void
+     */	
+    abstract public function getTableName();
+
+    /**
+     * @return void
+     */
+    abstract protected function buildConstraint($parentTable, $parentColumn, $childTable, $childColumn);
+
+    /**
+     * @return void
+     */
+    abstract protected function extendTableDefinition($columnName, $definition);
 	
-	/**
-	 * @return void
-	 */
-	abstract protected function registerSearchHook($columnName, $fn);
-
-	/**
-	 * @return void
-	 */
-	abstract protected function registerDeleteHook($columnName, $fn);
-
-	/**
-	 * @return void
-	 */
-	abstract protected function registerUpdateHook($columnName, $fn);
-
-	/**
-	 * @return void
-	 */
-	abstract protected function registerReadHook($columnName, $fn);
-
-	/**
-	 * @return void
-	 */
-	abstract protected function registerCreateHook($columnName, $fn);
+    /**
+     * @return void
+     */
+    abstract protected function registerSearchHook($columnName, $fn);
+
+    /**
+     * @return void
+     */
+    abstract protected function registerDeleteHook($columnName, $fn);
+
+    /**
+     * @return void
+     */
+    abstract protected function registerUpdateHook($columnName, $fn);
+
+    /**
+     * @return void
+     */
+    abstract protected function registerReadHook($columnName, $fn);
+
+    /**
+     * @return void
+     */
+    abstract protected function registerCreateHook($columnName, $fn);
 
 }

src/Traits/AutoApi.php

Indentation +367 added lines, -367 removed lines

@@ -9,386 +9,386 @@
 
 trait AutoApi
 {
-	/* =======================================================================
+    /* =======================================================================
 	 * ===================== Automatic API Support ===========================
 	 * ======================================================================= */
 
-	/** @var array A map of column name to functions that hook the insert function */
-	protected $registeredCreateHooks;
+    /** @var array A map of column name to functions that hook the insert function */
+    protected $registeredCreateHooks;
 
-	/** @var array A map of column name to functions that hook the read function */
-	protected $registeredReadHooks;
+    /** @var array A map of column name to functions that hook the read function */
+    protected $registeredReadHooks;
 
-	/** @var array A map of column name to functions that hook the update function */
-	protected $registeredUpdateHooks;
+    /** @var array A map of column name to functions that hook the update function */
+    protected $registeredUpdateHooks;
 
-	/** @var array A map of column name to functions that hook the update function */
-	protected $registeredDeleteHooks;	
+    /** @var array A map of column name to functions that hook the update function */
+    protected $registeredDeleteHooks;	
 
-	/** @var array A map of column name to functions that hook the search function */
-	protected $registeredSearchHooks;
+    /** @var array A map of column name to functions that hook the search function */
+    protected $registeredSearchHooks;
 
-	/** @var array A list of table column definitions */
-	protected $tableDefinition;
+    /** @var array A list of table column definitions */
+    protected $tableDefinition;
 
 
-	/**
-	 * @param Array $queryparams associative array of query params. Reserved options are
-	 *                             "search_order_by", "search_order_direction", "search_limit", "search_offset"
-	 *                             or column names corresponding to an instance of miBadger\Query\QueryExpression
-	 * @param Array $fieldWhitelist names of the columns that will appear in the output results
-	 */
-	public function apiSearch(Array $queryParams, Array $fieldWhitelist, ?QueryExpression $whereClause = null, int $maxResultLimit = 100)
-	{
-		$query = $this->search();
+    /**
+     * @param Array $queryparams associative array of query params. Reserved options are
+     *                             "search_order_by", "search_order_direction", "search_limit", "search_offset"
+     *                             or column names corresponding to an instance of miBadger\Query\QueryExpression
+     * @param Array $fieldWhitelist names of the columns that will appear in the output results
+     */
+    public function apiSearch(Array $queryParams, Array $fieldWhitelist, ?QueryExpression $whereClause = null, int $maxResultLimit = 100)
+    {
+        $query = $this->search();
 
-		// Build query
-		$orderColumn = $queryParams['search_order_by'] ?? null;
-		$orderDirection = $queryParams['search_order_direction'] ?? null;
-		if ($orderColumn !== null) {
-			$query->orderBy($orderColumn, $orderDirection);
-		}
+        // Build query
+        $orderColumn = $queryParams['search_order_by'] ?? null;
+        $orderDirection = $queryParams['search_order_direction'] ?? null;
+        if ($orderColumn !== null) {
+            $query->orderBy($orderColumn, $orderDirection);
+        }
 		
-		$limit = $queryParams['search_limit'] ?? $maxResultLimit;
-		$query->limit($limit);
-
-		$offset = $queryParams['search_offset'] ?? 0;
-		$query->offset($offset);
-
-		if ($whereClause !== null) {
-			$query->where($whereClause);
-		}
-
-		$numPages = $query->getNumberOfPages();
-		$currentPage = $query->getCurrentPage();
-
-		// Fetch results
-		$results = $query->fetchAll();
-		$resultsArray = [];
-		foreach ($results as $result) {
-			$resultsArray[] = $result->toArray($fieldWhitelist);
-		}
-
-		return [
-			'search_offset' => $offset,
-			'search_limit' => $limit,
-			'search_order_by' => $orderColumn,
-			'search_order_direction' => $orderDirection,
-			'search_pages' => $numPages,
-			'search_current' => $currentPage,
-			'data' => $resultsArray
-		];
-	}
-
-	public function toArray($fieldWhitelist)
-	{
-		$output = [];
-		foreach ($this->tableDefinition as $colName => $definition) {
-			if (in_array($colName, $fieldWhitelist)) {
-				$output[$colName] = $definition['value'];
-			}
-		}
-
-		return $output;
-	}
-
-	public function apiRead($id, Array $fieldWhitelist)
-	{
-		// @TODO: Should apiRead throw exception or return null on fail?
-		$this->read($id);
-		return $this->toArray($fieldWhitelist);
-	}
-
-	/* =============================================================
+        $limit = $queryParams['search_limit'] ?? $maxResultLimit;
+        $query->limit($limit);
+
+        $offset = $queryParams['search_offset'] ?? 0;
+        $query->offset($offset);
+
+        if ($whereClause !== null) {
+            $query->where($whereClause);
+        }
+
+        $numPages = $query->getNumberOfPages();
+        $currentPage = $query->getCurrentPage();
+
+        // Fetch results
+        $results = $query->fetchAll();
+        $resultsArray = [];
+        foreach ($results as $result) {
+            $resultsArray[] = $result->toArray($fieldWhitelist);
+        }
+
+        return [
+            'search_offset' => $offset,
+            'search_limit' => $limit,
+            'search_order_by' => $orderColumn,
+            'search_order_direction' => $orderDirection,
+            'search_pages' => $numPages,
+            'search_current' => $currentPage,
+            'data' => $resultsArray
+        ];
+    }
+
+    public function toArray($fieldWhitelist)
+    {
+        $output = [];
+        foreach ($this->tableDefinition as $colName => $definition) {
+            if (in_array($colName, $fieldWhitelist)) {
+                $output[$colName] = $definition['value'];
+            }
+        }
+
+        return $output;
+    }
+
+    public function apiRead($id, Array $fieldWhitelist)
+    {
+        // @TODO: Should apiRead throw exception or return null on fail?
+        $this->read($id);
+        return $this->toArray($fieldWhitelist);
+    }
+
+    /* =============================================================
 	 * ===================== Constraint validation =================
 	 * ============================================================= */
 
-	/**
-	 * Copy all table variables between two instances
-	 */
-	public function syncInstanceFrom($from)
-	{
-		foreach ($this->tableDefinition as $colName => $definition) {
-			$this->tableDefinition[$colName]['value'] = $from->tableDefinition[$colName]['value'];
-		}
-	}
-
-	private function filterInputColumns($input, $whitelist)
-	{
-		$filteredInput = $input;
-		foreach ($input as $colName => $value) {
-			if (!in_array($colName, $whitelist)) {
-				unset($filteredInput[$colName]);
-			}
-		}
-		return $filteredInput;
-	}
-
-	private function validateExcessKeys($input)
-	{
-		$errors = [];
-		foreach ($input as $colName => $value) {
-			if (!array_key_exists($colName, $this->tableDefinition)) {
-				$errors[$colName] = "Unknown input field";
-				continue;
-			}
-		}
-		return $errors;
-	}
-
-	private function validateImmutableColumns($input)
-	{
-		$errors = [];
-		foreach ($this->tableDefinition as $colName => $definition) {
-			$property = $definition['properties'] ?? null;
-			if (array_key_exists($colName, $input)
-				&& $property & ColumnProperty::IMMUTABLE) {
-				$errors[$colName] = "Field cannot be changed";
-			}
-		}
-		return $errors;
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Checks whether input values are correct:
-	 * 1. Checks whether a value passes the validation function for that column
-	 * 2. Checks whether a value supplied to a relationship column is a valid value
-	 */
-	private function validateInputValues($input)
-	{
-		$errors = [];
-		foreach ($this->tableDefinition as $colName => $definition) {
-			// Validation check 1: If validate function is present
-			if (array_key_exists($colName, $input) 
-				&& is_callable($definition['validate'] ?? null)) {
-				$inputValue = $input[$colName];
-
-				// If validation function fails
-				[$status, $message] = $definition['validate']($inputValue);
-				if (!$status) {
-					$errors[$colName] = $message;
-				}	
-			}
-
-			// Validation check 2: If relation column, check whether entity exists
-			$properties = $definition['properties'] ?? null;
-			if (isset($definition['relation'])
-				&& ($properties & ColumnProperty::NOT_NULL)) {
-				$instance = clone $definition['relation'];
-				try {
-					$instance->read($input[$colName] ?? $definition['value'] ?? null);
-				} catch (ActiveRecordException $e) {
-					$errors[$colName] = "Entity for this value doesn't exist";
-				}
-			}
-		}
-		return $errors;
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * This function is only used for API Update calls (direct getter/setter functions are unconstrained)
-	 * Determines whether there are required columns for which no data is provided
-	 */
-	private function validateMissingKeys($input)
-	{
-		$errors = [];
-
-		foreach ($this->tableDefinition as $colName => $colDefinition) {
-			$default = $colDefinition['default'] ?? null;
-			$properties = $colDefinition['properties'] ?? null;
-			$value = $colDefinition['value'];
-
-			// If nullable and default not set => null
-			// If nullable and default null => default (null)
-			// If nullable and default set => default (value)
-
-			// if not nullable and default not set => error
-			// if not nullable and default null => error
-			// if not nullable and default st => default (value)
-			// => if not nullable and default null and value not set (or null) => error message in this method
-			if ($properties & ColumnProperty::NOT_NULL
-				&& $default === null
-				&& !($properties & ColumnProperty::AUTO_INCREMENT)
-				&& (!array_key_exists($colName, $input) || $input[$colName] === null)
-				&& $value === null) {
-				$errors[$colName] = sprintf("The required field \"%s\" is missing", $colName);
-			} 
-		}
-
-		return $errors;
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Copies the values for entries in the input with matching variable names in the record definition
-	 * @param Array $input The input data to be loaded into $this record
-	 */
-	private function loadData($input)
-	{
-		foreach ($this->tableDefinition as $colName => $definition) {
-			if (array_key_exists($colName, $input)) {
-				$definition['value'] = $input[$colName];
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * @param Array $input Associative array of input values
-	 * @param Array $fieldWhitelist array of column names that are allowed to be filled by the input array 
-	 * @return Array Array containing the set of optional errors (associative array) and an optional array representation (associative)
-	 * 					of the modified data.
-	 */
-	public function apiCreate(Array $input, Array $createWhitelist, Array $readWhitelist)
-	{
-		// Clone $this to new instance (for restoring if validation goes wrong)
-		$transaction = $this->newInstance();
-		$errors = [];
-
-		// Filter out all non-whitelisted input values
-		$input = $this->filterInputColumns($input, $createWhitelist);
-
-		// Validate excess keys
-		$errors += $transaction->validateExcessKeys($input);
-
-		// Validate input values (using validation function)
-		$errors += $transaction->validateInputValues($input);
-
-		// "Copy" data into transaction
-		$transaction->loadData($input);
-
-		// Run create hooks
-		foreach ($transaction->registeredCreateHooks as $colName => $fn) {
-			$fn();
-		}
-
-		// Validate missing keys
-		$errors += $transaction->validateMissingKeys($input);
-
-		// If no errors, commit the pending data
-		if (empty($errors)) {
-			$this->syncInstanceFrom($transaction);
-
-			// Insert default values for not-null fields
-			foreach ($this->tableDefinition as $colName => $colDef) {
-				if ($this->tableDefinition[$colName]['value'] === null
-					&& isset($this->tableDefinition[$colName]['properties'])
-					&& $this->tableDefinition[$colName]['properties'] && ColumnProperty::NOT_NULL > 0
-					&& isset($this->tableDefinition[$colName]['default'])) {
-					$this->tableDefinition[$colName]['value'] = $this->tableDefinition[$colName]['default'];
-				}
-			}
-
-			try {
-				(new Query($this->getPdo(), $this->getTableName()))
-					->insert($this->getActiveRecordColumns())
-					->execute();
-
-				$this->setId(intval($this->getPdo()->lastInsertId()));
-			} catch (\PDOException $e) {
-				// @TODO: Potentially filter and store mysql messages (where possible) in error messages
-				throw new ActiveRecordException($e->getMessage(), 0, $e);
-			}
-
-			return [null, $this->toArray($readWhitelist)];
-		} else {
-			return [$errors, null];
-		}
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * @param Array $input Associative array of input values
-	 * @param Array $fieldWhitelist array of column names that are allowed to be filled by the input array 
-	 * @return Array Array containing the set of optional errors (associative array) and an optional array representation (associative)
-	 * 					of the modified data.
-	 */
-	public function apiUpdate(Array $input, Array $updateWhitelist, Array $readWhitelist)
-	{
-		$transaction = $this->newInstance();
-		$transaction->syncInstanceFrom($this);
-		$errors = [];
-
-		// Filter out all non-whitelisted input values
-		$input = $this->filterInputColumns($input, $updateWhitelist);
-
-		// Check for excess keys
-		$errors += $transaction->validateExcessKeys($input);
-
-		// Check for immutable keys
-		$errors += $transaction->validateImmutableColumns($input);
-
-		// Validate input values (using validation function)
-		$errors += $transaction->validateInputValues($input);
-
-		// "Copy" data into transaction
-		$transaction->loadData($input);
-
-		// Run create hooks
-		foreach ($transaction->registeredUpdateHooks as $colName => $fn) {
-			$fn();
-		}
-
-		// Validate missing keys
-		$errors += $transaction->validateMissingKeys($input);
-
-		// Update database
-		if (empty($errors)) {
-			$this->syncInstanceFrom($transaction);
-
-			try {
-				(new Query($this->getPdo(), $this->getTableName()))
-					->update($this->getActiveRecordColumns())
-					->where(Query::Equal('id', $this->getId()))
-					->execute();
-			} catch (\PDOException $e) {
-				throw new ActiveRecordException($e->getMessage(), 0, $e);
-			}
-
-			return [null, $this->toArray($readWhitelist)];
-		} else {
-			return [$errors, null];
-		}
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns this active record after reading the attributes from the entry with the given identifier.
-	 *
-	 * @param mixed $id
-	 * @return $this
-	 * @throws ActiveRecordException on failure.
-	 */
-	abstract public function read($id);
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns the PDO.
-	 *
-	 * @return \PDO the PDO.
-	 */
-	abstract public function getPdo();
-
-	/**
-	 * Set the ID.
-	 *
-	 * @param int $id
-	 * @return $this
-	 */
-	abstract protected function setId($id);
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns the ID.
-	 *
-	 * @return null|int The ID.
-	 */
-	abstract protected function getId();
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns the active record table.
-	 *
-	 * @return string the active record table name.
-	 */
-	abstract public function getTableName();
-
-	/**
-	 * Returns the name -> variable mapping for the table definition.
-	 * @return Array The mapping
-	 */
-	abstract protected function getActiveRecordColumns();
+    /**
+     * Copy all table variables between two instances
+     */
+    public function syncInstanceFrom($from)
+    {
+        foreach ($this->tableDefinition as $colName => $definition) {
+            $this->tableDefinition[$colName]['value'] = $from->tableDefinition[$colName]['value'];
+        }
+    }
+
+    private function filterInputColumns($input, $whitelist)
+    {
+        $filteredInput = $input;
+        foreach ($input as $colName => $value) {
+            if (!in_array($colName, $whitelist)) {
+                unset($filteredInput[$colName]);
+            }
+        }
+        return $filteredInput;
+    }
+
+    private function validateExcessKeys($input)
+    {
+        $errors = [];
+        foreach ($input as $colName => $value) {
+            if (!array_key_exists($colName, $this->tableDefinition)) {
+                $errors[$colName] = "Unknown input field";
+                continue;
+            }
+        }
+        return $errors;
+    }
+
+    private function validateImmutableColumns($input)
+    {
+        $errors = [];
+        foreach ($this->tableDefinition as $colName => $definition) {
+            $property = $definition['properties'] ?? null;
+            if (array_key_exists($colName, $input)
+                && $property & ColumnProperty::IMMUTABLE) {
+                $errors[$colName] = "Field cannot be changed";
+            }
+        }
+        return $errors;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks whether input values are correct:
+     * 1. Checks whether a value passes the validation function for that column
+     * 2. Checks whether a value supplied to a relationship column is a valid value
+     */
+    private function validateInputValues($input)
+    {
+        $errors = [];
+        foreach ($this->tableDefinition as $colName => $definition) {
+            // Validation check 1: If validate function is present
+            if (array_key_exists($colName, $input) 
+                && is_callable($definition['validate'] ?? null)) {
+                $inputValue = $input[$colName];
+
+                // If validation function fails
+                [$status, $message] = $definition['validate']($inputValue);
+                if (!$status) {
+                    $errors[$colName] = $message;
+                }	
+            }
+
+            // Validation check 2: If relation column, check whether entity exists
+            $properties = $definition['properties'] ?? null;
+            if (isset($definition['relation'])
+                && ($properties & ColumnProperty::NOT_NULL)) {
+                $instance = clone $definition['relation'];
+                try {
+                    $instance->read($input[$colName] ?? $definition['value'] ?? null);
+                } catch (ActiveRecordException $e) {
+                    $errors[$colName] = "Entity for this value doesn't exist";
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return $errors;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This function is only used for API Update calls (direct getter/setter functions are unconstrained)
+     * Determines whether there are required columns for which no data is provided
+     */
+    private function validateMissingKeys($input)
+    {
+        $errors = [];
+
+        foreach ($this->tableDefinition as $colName => $colDefinition) {
+            $default = $colDefinition['default'] ?? null;
+            $properties = $colDefinition['properties'] ?? null;
+            $value = $colDefinition['value'];
+
+            // If nullable and default not set => null
+            // If nullable and default null => default (null)
+            // If nullable and default set => default (value)
+
+            // if not nullable and default not set => error
+            // if not nullable and default null => error
+            // if not nullable and default st => default (value)
+            // => if not nullable and default null and value not set (or null) => error message in this method
+            if ($properties & ColumnProperty::NOT_NULL
+                && $default === null
+                && !($properties & ColumnProperty::AUTO_INCREMENT)
+                && (!array_key_exists($colName, $input) || $input[$colName] === null)
+                && $value === null) {
+                $errors[$colName] = sprintf("The required field \"%s\" is missing", $colName);
+            } 
+        }
+
+        return $errors;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Copies the values for entries in the input with matching variable names in the record definition
+     * @param Array $input The input data to be loaded into $this record
+     */
+    private function loadData($input)
+    {
+        foreach ($this->tableDefinition as $colName => $definition) {
+            if (array_key_exists($colName, $input)) {
+                $definition['value'] = $input[$colName];
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param Array $input Associative array of input values
+     * @param Array $fieldWhitelist array of column names that are allowed to be filled by the input array 
+     * @return Array Array containing the set of optional errors (associative array) and an optional array representation (associative)
+     * 					of the modified data.
+     */
+    public function apiCreate(Array $input, Array $createWhitelist, Array $readWhitelist)
+    {
+        // Clone $this to new instance (for restoring if validation goes wrong)
+        $transaction = $this->newInstance();
+        $errors = [];
+
+        // Filter out all non-whitelisted input values
+        $input = $this->filterInputColumns($input, $createWhitelist);
+
+        // Validate excess keys
+        $errors += $transaction->validateExcessKeys($input);
+
+        // Validate input values (using validation function)
+        $errors += $transaction->validateInputValues($input);
+
+        // "Copy" data into transaction
+        $transaction->loadData($input);
+
+        // Run create hooks
+        foreach ($transaction->registeredCreateHooks as $colName => $fn) {
+            $fn();
+        }
+
+        // Validate missing keys
+        $errors += $transaction->validateMissingKeys($input);
+
+        // If no errors, commit the pending data
+        if (empty($errors)) {
+            $this->syncInstanceFrom($transaction);
+
+            // Insert default values for not-null fields
+            foreach ($this->tableDefinition as $colName => $colDef) {
+                if ($this->tableDefinition[$colName]['value'] === null
+                    && isset($this->tableDefinition[$colName]['properties'])
+                    && $this->tableDefinition[$colName]['properties'] && ColumnProperty::NOT_NULL > 0
+                    && isset($this->tableDefinition[$colName]['default'])) {
+                    $this->tableDefinition[$colName]['value'] = $this->tableDefinition[$colName]['default'];
+                }
+            }
+
+            try {
+                (new Query($this->getPdo(), $this->getTableName()))
+                    ->insert($this->getActiveRecordColumns())
+                    ->execute();
+
+                $this->setId(intval($this->getPdo()->lastInsertId()));
+            } catch (\PDOException $e) {
+                // @TODO: Potentially filter and store mysql messages (where possible) in error messages
+                throw new ActiveRecordException($e->getMessage(), 0, $e);
+            }
+
+            return [null, $this->toArray($readWhitelist)];
+        } else {
+            return [$errors, null];
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param Array $input Associative array of input values
+     * @param Array $fieldWhitelist array of column names that are allowed to be filled by the input array 
+     * @return Array Array containing the set of optional errors (associative array) and an optional array representation (associative)
+     * 					of the modified data.
+     */
+    public function apiUpdate(Array $input, Array $updateWhitelist, Array $readWhitelist)
+    {
+        $transaction = $this->newInstance();
+        $transaction->syncInstanceFrom($this);
+        $errors = [];
+
+        // Filter out all non-whitelisted input values
+        $input = $this->filterInputColumns($input, $updateWhitelist);
+
+        // Check for excess keys
+        $errors += $transaction->validateExcessKeys($input);
+
+        // Check for immutable keys
+        $errors += $transaction->validateImmutableColumns($input);
+
+        // Validate input values (using validation function)
+        $errors += $transaction->validateInputValues($input);
+
+        // "Copy" data into transaction
+        $transaction->loadData($input);
+
+        // Run create hooks
+        foreach ($transaction->registeredUpdateHooks as $colName => $fn) {
+            $fn();
+        }
+
+        // Validate missing keys
+        $errors += $transaction->validateMissingKeys($input);
+
+        // Update database
+        if (empty($errors)) {
+            $this->syncInstanceFrom($transaction);
+
+            try {
+                (new Query($this->getPdo(), $this->getTableName()))
+                    ->update($this->getActiveRecordColumns())
+                    ->where(Query::Equal('id', $this->getId()))
+                    ->execute();
+            } catch (\PDOException $e) {
+                throw new ActiveRecordException($e->getMessage(), 0, $e);
+            }
+
+            return [null, $this->toArray($readWhitelist)];
+        } else {
+            return [$errors, null];
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns this active record after reading the attributes from the entry with the given identifier.
+     *
+     * @param mixed $id
+     * @return $this
+     * @throws ActiveRecordException on failure.
+     */
+    abstract public function read($id);
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the PDO.
+     *
+     * @return \PDO the PDO.
+     */
+    abstract public function getPdo();
+
+    /**
+     * Set the ID.
+     *
+     * @param int $id
+     * @return $this
+     */
+    abstract protected function setId($id);
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the ID.
+     *
+     * @return null|int The ID.
+     */
+    abstract protected function getId();
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the active record table.
+     *
+     * @return string the active record table name.
+     */
+    abstract public function getTableName();
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the name -> variable mapping for the table definition.
+     * @return Array The mapping
+     */
+    abstract protected function getActiveRecordColumns();
 }