Duplicate code is one of the most pungent code smells. A rule that is often used is to re-structure code once it is duplicated in three or more places.
Common duplication problems, and corresponding solutions are:
| 1 | <?php |
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| 11 | class StaffController extends Controller |
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| 12 | { |
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| 13 | |||
| 14 | public function __construct() |
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| 15 | { |
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| 16 | $this->middleware('auth'); |
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| 17 | $this->middleware('lang'); |
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| 18 | } |
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| 19 | |||
| 20 | /** |
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| 21 | * Display all the staff. |
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| 22 | * |
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| 23 | * @return \Illuminate\Contracts\View\Factory|\Illuminate\View\View |
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| 24 | */ |
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| 25 | public function index() |
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| 26 | { |
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| 27 | $data['users'] = User::all(); |
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| 28 | return view('users/index', $data); |
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| 29 | } |
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| 30 | |||
| 31 | /** |
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| 32 | * Set the user available. |
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| 33 | * |
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| 34 | * @return \Illuminate\Http\RedirectResponse |
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| 35 | */ |
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| 36 | View Code Duplication | public function setAvailable() |
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| 37 | { |
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| 38 | $user = User::find(auth()->user()->id); |
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| 39 | Bouncer::retract('unavailable')->from($user); |
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| 40 | Bouncer::assign('available')->to($user); |
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| 41 | |||
| 42 | return redirect()->back(302); |
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| 43 | } |
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| 44 | |||
| 45 | /** |
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| 46 | * Set the user unavailable. |
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| 47 | * |
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| 48 | * @return \Illuminate\Http\RedirectResponse |
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| 49 | */ |
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| 50 | View Code Duplication | public function setUnavailable() |
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| 51 | { |
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| 52 | $user = User::find(auth()->user()->id); |
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| 53 | Bouncer::retract('available')->from($user); |
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| 54 | Bouncer::assign('unavailable')->to($user); |
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| 55 | |||
| 56 | return redirect()->back(302); |
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| 57 | } |
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| 58 | |||
| 59 | /** |
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| 60 | * Display the profile. |
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| 61 | * |
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| 62 | * @return \Illuminate\Contracts\View\Factory|\Illuminate\View\View |
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| 63 | */ |
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| 64 | public function profile() |
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| 68 | |||
| 69 | public function destroy($id) |
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| 70 | { |
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| 71 | $user = User::find($id); |
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| 72 | |||
| 80 | } |
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| 81 |
Adding an explicit array definition is generally preferable to implicit array definition as it guarantees a stable state of the code.
Let’s take a look at an example:
As you can see in this example, the array
$myArrayis initialized the first time when the foreach loop is entered. You can also see that the value of thebarkey is only written conditionally; thus, its value might result from a previous iteration.This might or might not be intended. To make your intention clear, your code more readible and to avoid accidental bugs, we recommend to add an explicit initialization $myArray = array() either outside or inside the foreach loop.