Select::limit() - Code Metrics - Inspection of "Select :: added support for selecting * from anyth..." - hfw/db - Measure and Improve Code Quality continuously with Scrutinizer

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Push — master ( fddfe5...a6d7b3 )

by y

created 2021-06-07 11:20 UTC

Select::limit() A

↳ Parent: Select

Complexity

Conditions	3
Paths	3

Size

Total Lines	11
Code Lines	7

Duplication

Lines	0
Ratio	0 %

Importance

Changes	1
Bugs	0	Features	0

Metric	Value
eloc	7
c	1
b	0
f	0
dl	0
loc	11
rs	10
cc	3
nc	3
nop	2

<?php

namespace Helix\DB;

use Closure;
use Countable;
use Generator;
use Helix\DB;
use Helix\DB\SQL\ExpressionInterface;
use Helix\DB\SQL\Predicate;
use IteratorAggregate;

/**
 * Represents a `SELECT` query.
 *
 * @method static static factory(DB $db, $table, array $columns)
 */
class Select extends AbstractTable implements Countable, IteratorAggregate, ExpressionInterface {

    use FactoryTrait;

    /**
     * Compiled column list.
     *
     * @internal
     * @var string
     */
    protected $_columns = '';

    /**
     * Compiled column list.
     *
     * @internal
     * @var string
     */
    protected $_group = '';

    /**
     * Compiled predicates.
     *
     * @internal
     * @var string
     */
    protected $_having = '';

    /**
     * Compiled unions and intersections.
     *
     * @internal
     * @var string
     */
    protected $_import = '';

    /**
     * Compiled joins.
     *
     * @internal
     * @var string
     */
    protected $_join = '';

    /**
     * Compiled limit and offset.
     *
     * @internal
     * @var string
     */
    protected $_limit = '';

    /**
     * Compiled column list.
     *
     * @internal
     * @var string
     */
    protected $_order = '';

    /**
     * Compiled source table.
     *
     * @var string
     */
    protected $_table;

    /**
     * Compiled predicates.
     *
     * @internal
     * @var string
     */
    protected $_where = '';

    /**
     * Human-readable alias.
     *
     * @var string
     */
    protected $alias;

    /**
     * A callback to yield each result.
     * Defaults to yielding directly from the statement.
     *
     * @var Closure `(Statement $statement):Generator`
     */
    protected $fetcher;

    /**
     * Columns that can be accessed by an outer query.
     *
     * @var Column[]
     */
    protected $refs = [];

    /**
     * The original table given to the constructor.
     *
     * @var AbstractTable
     */
    protected $table;

    /**
     * @param DB $db
     * @param string|AbstractTable $table
     * @param string[] $columns
     */
    public function __construct (DB $db, $table, array $columns = ['*']) {
        static $autoAlias = 0;
        $autoAlias++;
        parent::__construct($db);
        if ($table instanceof Select) {
            $this->_table = $table->toSubquery();
            $this->alias = "_anon{$autoAlias}_{$table->alias}";
        }
        else {
            if (is_string($table)) {
                $table = $db->getTable($table);
                assert(isset($table));
            }
            $this->_table = (string)$table;
            $this->alias = "_anon{$autoAlias}_{$table}";
        }
        $this->table = $table;
class Id
{
    public $id;

    public function __construct($id)
    {
        $this->id = $id;
    }

}

class Account
{
    /** @var  Id $id */
    public $id;
}

$account_id = false;

if (starsAreRight()) {
    $account_id = new Id(42);
}

$account = new Account();
if ($account instanceof Id)
{
    $account->id = $account_id;
}
        $this->setColumns($columns);
        $this->fetcher = function(Statement $statement) {
            yield from $statement;
        };
    }

    /**
     * @param array $args
     * @return Statement
     */
    public function __invoke (array $args = []) {
        return $this->execute($args);
    }

    /**
     * Returns the alias.
     *
     * @return string
     */
    final public function __toString () {
        return $this->alias;
    }

    /**
     * Clones the instance and selects `COUNT(*)`, using the given execution arguments.
     *
     * @param array $args Execution arguments.
     * @return int
     */
    public function count (array $args = []): int {
        $clone = clone $this;
        $clone->_columns = 'COUNT(*)';
        $clone->_order = '';
        return (int)$clone->execute($args)->fetchColumn();
    }

    /**
     * Executes the select, preparing a statement first if arguments are used.
     *
     * @param array $args
     * @return Statement
     */
    public function execute (array $args = []) {
        if (empty($args)) {
            return $this->db->query($this->toSql());
        }
        return $this->prepare()->__invoke($args);
    }

    /**
     * Executes and fetches all results.
     *
     * @see fetcher
     *
     * @param array $args Execution arguments.
     * @return array
     */
    public function getAll (array $args = []): array {
        return iterator_to_array($this->fetcher->__invoke($this->execute($args)));
    }

    /**
     * @return Column[]
     */
    public function getColumns () {
        return $this->refs;
    }

    /**
     * Executes and yields from the fetcher.
     * This is preferable over `fetchAll()` for iterating large result sets.
     *
     * @see fetcher
     *
     * @param array $args Execution arguments.
     * @return Generator
     */
    public function getEach (array $args = []) {
        yield from $this->fetcher->__invoke($this->execute($args));
    }

    /**
     * Executes and returns from the fetcher.
     *
     * @see fetcher
     *
     * @param array $args
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function getFirst (array $args = []) {
        return $this->getEach($args)->current();
    }

    /**
     * Executes without arguments and yields from the fetcher.
     *
     * @see fetcher
     *
     * @return Generator
     */
    public function getIterator () {
        yield from $this->getEach();
    }

    /**
     * Executes and returns the first column of the first row.
     * Use this for reductive queries that only have a single result.
     *
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function getResult (array $args = []) {
        return $this->execute($args)->fetchColumn();
    }

    /**
     * Adds a column to the `GROUP BY` clause.
     *
     * @param string $column
     * @return $this
     */
    public function group (string $column) {
        if (!strlen($this->_group)) {
            $this->_group = " GROUP BY {$column}";
        }
        else {
            $this->_group .= ", {$column}";
        }
        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Adds conditions to the `HAVING` clause.
     *
     * @param string ...$conditions
     * @return $this
     */
    public function having (string ...$conditions) {
        assert(count($conditions) > 0);
        $conditions = implode(' AND ', $conditions);
        if (!strlen($this->_having)) {
            $this->_having = " HAVING {$conditions}";
        }
        else {
            $this->_having .= " AND {$conditions}";
        }
        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * `INTERSECT SELECT ...`
     *
     * > Note: MySQL does not support `INTERSECT`. An `INNER JOIN` on every column is used instead.
     *
     * @param Select $select
     * @return $this
     */
    public function intersect (Select $select) {
        if ($this->db->isMySQL()) {
            // to be standards compliant, this hack must fail if they don't have the same cols.
            assert(count($this->refs) === count($select->refs) and !array_diff_key($this->refs, $select->refs));
            $this->join($select, ...array_map(function(string $alias, Column $ref) {
                return $ref->is($this->refs[$alias]);
            }, array_keys($select->refs), $select->refs));
            return $this;
        }
        $select = clone $select;
        $select->_order = '';
        $select->_limit = '';
        $this->_import .= " INTERSECT {$select->toSql()}";
        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * `NOT EXISTS (SELECT ...)`
     *
     * @return Predicate
     */
    public function isEmpty () {
        return Predicate::factory($this->db, "NOT EXISTS ({$this->toSql()})");
    }

    /**
     * `EXISTS (SELECT ...)`
     *
     * @return Predicate
     */
    public function isNotEmpty () {
        return Predicate::factory($this->db, "EXISTS ({$this->toSql()})");
    }

    /**
     * Adds `INNER JOIN $table ON $conditions`
     *
     * @param string|Select $table
     * @param string ...$conditions
     * @return $this
     */
    public function join ($table, string ...$conditions) {
        assert(count($conditions) > 0);
        if ($table instanceof Select) {
            $table = $table->toSubquery();
        }
        $conditions = implode(' AND ', $conditions);
        $this->_join .= " INNER JOIN {$table} ON {$conditions}";
        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Adds `LEFT JOIN $table ON $conditions`
     *
     * @param string|Select $table
     * @param string ...$conditions
     * @return $this
     */
    public function joinLeft ($table, string ...$conditions) {
        assert(count($conditions) > 0);
        if ($table instanceof Select) {
            $table = $table->toSubquery();
        }
        $conditions = implode(' AND ', $conditions);
        $this->_join .= " LEFT JOIN {$table} ON {$conditions}";
        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the `LIMIT` clause.
     *
     * @param int $limit
     * @param int $offset
     * @return $this
     */
    public function limit (int $limit, int $offset = 0) {
        if ($limit == 0) {
            $this->_limit = '';
        }
        else {
            $this->_limit = " LIMIT {$limit}";
            if ($offset > 1) {
                $this->_limit .= " OFFSET {$offset}";
            }
        }
        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Returns a reference {@link Column} for an outer query, qualified by the instance's alias.
     *
     * @param int|string $ref Ordinal or reference name.
     * @return null|Column
     */
    public function offsetGet ($ref) {
        if (is_int($ref)) {
            return current(array_slice($this->refs, $ref, 1)) ?: null;
        }
        return $this->refs[$ref] ?? null;
    }

    /**
     * Sets the `ORDER BY` clause.
     *
     * @param string $order
     * @return $this
     */
    public function order (string $order) {
        if (strlen($order)) {
            $order = " ORDER BY {$order}";
        }
        $this->_order = $order;
        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * @return Statement
     */
    public function prepare () {
        return $this->db->prepare($this->toSql());
    }

    /**
     * @param string $alias
     * @return $this
     */
    public function setAlias (string $alias) {
        $this->alias = $alias;
        foreach ($this->refs as $k => $column) {
            $this->refs[$k] = $column->setQualifier($alias);
        }
        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Compiles the column list and exposed reference columns.
     *
     * Columns may be expressions, like `COUNT(*)`
     * Unless an alias is given for such expressions, they can't be referenced externally.
     *
     * @param string[] $expressions Keyed by alias if applicable.
     * @return $this
     */
    public function setColumns (array $expressions = ['*']) {
        if ($expressions === ['*']) {
            $expressions = array_keys($this->table->getColumns());
        }
        $this->refs = [];
        $_columns = [];
        foreach ($expressions as $alias => $expr) {
            preg_match('/^([a-z_][a-z0-9_]+\.)?(?<name>[a-z_][a-z0-9_]+)$/i', $expr, $match);
            $name = $match['name'] ?? null;
            if (is_int($alias)) {
                $alias = $name;
            }
            elseif ($alias !== $name) {
                $expr .= " AS {$alias}";
            }
            if (isset($alias)) {
                $this->refs[$alias] = Column::factory($this->db, $alias, $this->alias);
            }
            $_columns[] = "{$expr}";
        }
        $this->_columns = implode(', ', $_columns);
        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * @param Closure $fetcher
     * @return $this
     */
    public function setFetcher (Closure $fetcher) {
        $this->fetcher = $fetcher;
        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * `SELECT ...`
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public function toSql (): string {
        $sql = "SELECT {$this->_columns} FROM {$this->_table}";
        $sql .= $this->_join;
        $sql .= $this->_where;
        $sql .= $this->_group;
        $sql .= $this->_having;
        $sql .= $this->_import;
        $sql .= $this->_order;
        $sql .= $this->_limit;
        return $sql;
    }

    /**
     * `(SELECT ...) AS ALIAS`
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public function toSubquery (): string {
        return "({$this->toSql()}) AS {$this->alias}";
    }

    /**
     * `UNION SELECT ...`
     *
     * @param Select $select
     * @return $this
     */
    public function union (Select $select) {
        $select = clone $select;
        $select->_order = '';
        $select->_limit = '';
        $this->_import .= " UNION {$select->toSql()}";
        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * `UNION ALL SELECT ...`
     *
     * @param Select $select
     * @return $this
     */
    public function unionAll (Select $select) {
        $select = clone $select;
        $select->_order = '';
        $select->_limit = '';
        $this->_import .= " UNION ALL {$select->toSql()}";
        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Adds conditions to the `WHERE` clause.
     *
     * @param string ...$conditions
     * @return $this
     */
    public function where (string ...$conditions) {
        assert(count($conditions) > 0);
        $conditions = implode(' AND ', $conditions);
        if (!strlen($this->_where)) {
            $this->_where = " WHERE {$conditions}";
        }
        else {
            $this->_where .= " AND {$conditions}";
        }
        return $this;
    }
}

1			<?php
2
3			namespace Helix\DB;
4
5			use Closure;
6			use Countable;
7			use Generator;
8			use Helix\DB;
9			use Helix\DB\SQL\ExpressionInterface;
10			use Helix\DB\SQL\Predicate;
11			use IteratorAggregate;
12
13			/**
14			* Represents a `SELECT` query.
15			*
16			* @method static static factory(DB $db, $table, array $columns)
17			*/
18			class Select extends AbstractTable implements Countable, IteratorAggregate, ExpressionInterface {
19
20			use FactoryTrait;
21
22			/**
23			* Compiled column list.
24			*
25			* @internal
26			* @var string
27			*/
28			protected $_columns = '';
29
30			/**
31			* Compiled column list.
32			*
33			* @internal
34			* @var string
35			*/
36			protected $_group = '';
37
38			/**
39			* Compiled predicates.
40			*
41			* @internal
42			* @var string
43			*/
44			protected $_having = '';
45
46			/**
47			* Compiled unions and intersections.
48			*
49			* @internal
50			* @var string
51			*/
52			protected $_import = '';
53
54			/**
55			* Compiled joins.
56			*
57			* @internal
58			* @var string
59			*/
60			protected $_join = '';
61
62			/**
63			* Compiled limit and offset.
64			*
65			* @internal
66			* @var string
67			*/
68			protected $_limit = '';
69
70			/**
71			* Compiled column list.
72			*
73			* @internal
74			* @var string
75			*/
76			protected $_order = '';
77
78			/**
79			* Compiled source table.
80			*
81			* @var string
82			*/
83			protected $_table;
84
85			/**
86			* Compiled predicates.
87			*
88			* @internal
89			* @var string
90			*/
91			protected $_where = '';
92
93			/**
94			* Human-readable alias.
95			*
96			* @var string
97			*/
98			protected $alias;
99
100			/**
101			* A callback to yield each result.
102			* Defaults to yielding directly from the statement.
103			*
104			* @var Closure `(Statement $statement):Generator`
105			*/
106			protected $fetcher;
107
108			/**
109			* Columns that can be accessed by an outer query.
110			*
111			* @var Column[]
112			*/
113			protected $refs = [];
114
115			/**
116			* The original table given to the constructor.
117			*
118			* @var AbstractTable
119			*/
120			protected $table;
121
122			/**
123			* @param DB $db
124			* @param string\|AbstractTable $table
125			* @param string[] $columns
126			*/
127			public function __construct (DB $db, $table, array $columns = ['*']) {
128			static $autoAlias = 0;
129			$autoAlias++;
130			parent::__construct($db);
131			if ($table instanceof Select) {
132			$this->_table = $table->toSubquery();
133			$this->alias = "_anon{$autoAlias}_{$table->alias}";
134			}
135			else {
136			if (is_string($table)) {
137			$table = $db->getTable($table);
138			assert(isset($table));
139			}
140			$this->_table = (string)$table;
141			$this->alias = "_anon{$autoAlias}_{$table}";
142			}
143			$this->table = $table;
			1 ignored issue – show Documentation Bug introduced 2021-06-07 11:22 UTC by Report Bug Copy Issue Report It seems like `$table` can also be of type `string`. However, the property `$table` is declared as type `Helix\DB\AbstractTable`. Maybe add an additional type check? Our type inference engine has found a suspicous assignment of a value to a property. This check raises an issue when a value that can be of a mixed type is assigned to a property that is type hinted more strictly. For example, imagine you have a variable `$accountId` that can either hold an Id object or false (if there is no account id yet). Your code now assigns that value to the `id` property of an instance of the `Account` class. This class holds a proper account, so the id value must no longer be false. Either this assignment is in error or a type check should be added for that assignment. class Id { public $id; public function __construct($id) { $this->id = $id; } } class Account { /** @var Id $id */ public $id; } $account_id = false; if (starsAreRight()) { $account_id = new Id(42); } $account = new Account(); if ($account instanceof Id) { $account->id = $account_id; } Loading history...
144			$this->setColumns($columns);
145			$this->fetcher = function(Statement $statement) {
146			yield from $statement;
147			};
148			}
149
150			/**
151			* @param array $args
152			* @return Statement
153			*/
154			public function __invoke (array $args = []) {
155			return $this->execute($args);
156			}
157
158			/**
159			* Returns the alias.
160			*
161			* @return string
162			*/
163			final public function __toString () {
164			return $this->alias;
165			}
166
167			/**
168			* Clones the instance and selects `COUNT(*)`, using the given execution arguments.
169			*
170			* @param array $args Execution arguments.
171			* @return int
172			*/
173			public function count (array $args = []): int {
174			$clone = clone $this;
175			$clone->_columns = 'COUNT(*)';
176			$clone->_order = '';
177			return (int)$clone->execute($args)->fetchColumn();
178			}
179
180			/**
181			* Executes the select, preparing a statement first if arguments are used.
182			*
183			* @param array $args
184			* @return Statement
185			*/
186			public function execute (array $args = []) {
187			if (empty($args)) {
188			return $this->db->query($this->toSql());
189			}
190			return $this->prepare()->__invoke($args);
191			}
192
193			/**
194			* Executes and fetches all results.
195			*
196			* @see fetcher
197			*
198			* @param array $args Execution arguments.
199			* @return array
200			*/
201			public function getAll (array $args = []): array {
202			return iterator_to_array($this->fetcher->__invoke($this->execute($args)));
203			}
204
205			/**
206			* @return Column[]
207			*/
208			public function getColumns () {
209			return $this->refs;
210			}
211
212			/**
213			* Executes and yields from the fetcher.
214			* This is preferable over `fetchAll()` for iterating large result sets.
215			*
216			* @see fetcher
217			*
218			* @param array $args Execution arguments.
219			* @return Generator
220			*/
221			public function getEach (array $args = []) {
222			yield from $this->fetcher->__invoke($this->execute($args));
223			}
224
225			/**
226			* Executes and returns from the fetcher.
227			*
228			* @see fetcher
229			*
230			* @param array $args
231			* @return mixed
232			*/
233			public function getFirst (array $args = []) {
234			return $this->getEach($args)->current();
235			}
236
237			/**
238			* Executes without arguments and yields from the fetcher.
239			*
240			* @see fetcher
241			*
242			* @return Generator
243			*/
244			public function getIterator () {
245			yield from $this->getEach();
246			}
247
248			/**
249			* Executes and returns the first column of the first row.
250			* Use this for reductive queries that only have a single result.
251			*
252			* @return mixed
253			*/
254			public function getResult (array $args = []) {
255			return $this->execute($args)->fetchColumn();
256			}
257
258			/**
259			* Adds a column to the `GROUP BY` clause.
260			*
261			* @param string $column
262			* @return $this
263			*/
264			public function group (string $column) {
265			if (!strlen($this->_group)) {
266			$this->_group = " GROUP BY {$column}";
267			}
268			else {
269			$this->_group .= ", {$column}";
270			}
271			return $this;
272			}
273
274			/**
275			* Adds conditions to the `HAVING` clause.
276			*
277			* @param string ...$conditions
278			* @return $this
279			*/
280			public function having (string ...$conditions) {
281			assert(count($conditions) > 0);
282			$conditions = implode(' AND ', $conditions);
283			if (!strlen($this->_having)) {
284			$this->_having = " HAVING {$conditions}";
285			}
286			else {
287			$this->_having .= " AND {$conditions}";
288			}
289			return $this;
290			}
291
292			/**
293			* `INTERSECT SELECT ...`
294			*
295			* > Note: MySQL does not support `INTERSECT`. An `INNER JOIN` on every column is used instead.
296			*
297			* @param Select $select
298			* @return $this
299			*/
300			public function intersect (Select $select) {
301			if ($this->db->isMySQL()) {
302			// to be standards compliant, this hack must fail if they don't have the same cols.
303			assert(count($this->refs) === count($select->refs) and !array_diff_key($this->refs, $select->refs));
304			$this->join($select, ...array_map(function(string $alias, Column $ref) {
305			return $ref->is($this->refs[$alias]);
306			}, array_keys($select->refs), $select->refs));
307			return $this;
308			}
309			$select = clone $select;
310			$select->_order = '';
311			$select->_limit = '';
312			$this->_import .= " INTERSECT {$select->toSql()}";
313			return $this;
314			}
315
316			/**
317			* `NOT EXISTS (SELECT ...)`
318			*
319			* @return Predicate
320			*/
321			public function isEmpty () {
322			return Predicate::factory($this->db, "NOT EXISTS ({$this->toSql()})");
323			}
324
325			/**
326			* `EXISTS (SELECT ...)`
327			*
328			* @return Predicate
329			*/
330			public function isNotEmpty () {
331			return Predicate::factory($this->db, "EXISTS ({$this->toSql()})");
332			}
333
334			/**
335			* Adds `INNER JOIN $table ON $conditions`
336			*
337			* @param string\|Select $table
338			* @param string ...$conditions
339			* @return $this
340			*/
341			public function join ($table, string ...$conditions) {
342			assert(count($conditions) > 0);
343			if ($table instanceof Select) {
344			$table = $table->toSubquery();
345			}
346			$conditions = implode(' AND ', $conditions);
347			$this->_join .= " INNER JOIN {$table} ON {$conditions}";
348			return $this;
349			}
350
351			/**
352			* Adds `LEFT JOIN $table ON $conditions`
353			*
354			* @param string\|Select $table
355			* @param string ...$conditions
356			* @return $this
357			*/
358			public function joinLeft ($table, string ...$conditions) {
359			assert(count($conditions) > 0);
360			if ($table instanceof Select) {
361			$table = $table->toSubquery();
362			}
363			$conditions = implode(' AND ', $conditions);
364			$this->_join .= " LEFT JOIN {$table} ON {$conditions}";
365			return $this;
366			}
367
368			/**
369			* Sets the `LIMIT` clause.
370			*
371			* @param int $limit
372			* @param int $offset
373			* @return $this
374			*/
375			public function limit (int $limit, int $offset = 0) {
376			if ($limit == 0) {
377			$this->_limit = '';
378			}
379			else {
380			$this->_limit = " LIMIT {$limit}";
381			if ($offset > 1) {
382			$this->_limit .= " OFFSET {$offset}";
383			}
384			}
385			return $this;
386			}
387
388			/**
389			* Returns a reference {@link Column} for an outer query, qualified by the instance's alias.
390			*
391			* @param int\|string $ref Ordinal or reference name.
392			* @return null\|Column
393			*/
394			public function offsetGet ($ref) {
395			if (is_int($ref)) {
396			return current(array_slice($this->refs, $ref, 1)) ?: null;
397			}
398			return $this->refs[$ref] ?? null;
399			}
400
401			/**
402			* Sets the `ORDER BY` clause.
403			*
404			* @param string $order
405			* @return $this
406			*/
407			public function order (string $order) {
408			if (strlen($order)) {
409			$order = " ORDER BY {$order}";
410			}
411			$this->_order = $order;
412			return $this;
413			}
414
415			/**
416			* @return Statement
417			*/
418			public function prepare () {
419			return $this->db->prepare($this->toSql());
420			}
421
422			/**
423			* @param string $alias
424			* @return $this
425			*/
426			public function setAlias (string $alias) {
427			$this->alias = $alias;
428			foreach ($this->refs as $k => $column) {
429			$this->refs[$k] = $column->setQualifier($alias);
430			}
431			return $this;
432			}
433
434			/**
435			* Compiles the column list and exposed reference columns.
436			*
437			* Columns may be expressions, like `COUNT(*)`
438			* Unless an alias is given for such expressions, they can't be referenced externally.
439			*
440			* @param string[] $expressions Keyed by alias if applicable.
441			* @return $this
442			*/
443			public function setColumns (array $expressions = ['*']) {
444			if ($expressions === ['*']) {
445			$expressions = array_keys($this->table->getColumns());
446			}
447			$this->refs = [];
448			$_columns = [];
449			foreach ($expressions as $alias => $expr) {
450			preg_match('/^([a-z_][a-z0-9_]+\.)?(?<name>[a-z_][a-z0-9_]+)$/i', $expr, $match);
451			$name = $match['name'] ?? null;
452			if (is_int($alias)) {
453			$alias = $name;
454			}
455			elseif ($alias !== $name) {
456			$expr .= " AS {$alias}";
457			}
458			if (isset($alias)) {
459			$this->refs[$alias] = Column::factory($this->db, $alias, $this->alias);
460			}
461			$_columns[] = "{$expr}";
462			}
463			$this->_columns = implode(', ', $_columns);
464			return $this;
465			}
466
467			/**
468			* @param Closure $fetcher
469			* @return $this
470			*/
471			public function setFetcher (Closure $fetcher) {
472			$this->fetcher = $fetcher;
473			return $this;
474			}
475
476			/**
477			* `SELECT ...`
478			*
479			* @return string
480			*/
481			public function toSql (): string {
482			$sql = "SELECT {$this->_columns} FROM {$this->_table}";
483			$sql .= $this->_join;
484			$sql .= $this->_where;
485			$sql .= $this->_group;
486			$sql .= $this->_having;
487			$sql .= $this->_import;
488			$sql .= $this->_order;
489			$sql .= $this->_limit;
490			return $sql;
491			}
492
493			/**
494			* `(SELECT ...) AS ALIAS`
495			*
496			* @return string
497			*/
498			public function toSubquery (): string {
499			return "({$this->toSql()}) AS {$this->alias}";
500			}
501
502			/**
503			* `UNION SELECT ...`
504			*
505			* @param Select $select
506			* @return $this
507			*/
508			public function union (Select $select) {
509			$select = clone $select;
510			$select->_order = '';
511			$select->_limit = '';
512			$this->_import .= " UNION {$select->toSql()}";
513			return $this;
514			}
515
516			/**
517			* `UNION ALL SELECT ...`
518			*
519			* @param Select $select
520			* @return $this
521			*/
522			public function unionAll (Select $select) {
523			$select = clone $select;
524			$select->_order = '';
525			$select->_limit = '';
526			$this->_import .= " UNION ALL {$select->toSql()}";
527			return $this;
528			}
529
530			/**
531			* Adds conditions to the `WHERE` clause.
532			*
533			* @param string ...$conditions
534			* @return $this
535			*/
536			public function where (string ...$conditions) {
537			assert(count($conditions) > 0);
538			$conditions = implode(' AND ', $conditions);
539			if (!strlen($this->_where)) {
540			$this->_where = " WHERE {$conditions}";
541			}
542			else {
543			$this->_where .= " AND {$conditions}";
544			}
545			return $this;
546			}
547			}

hfw / db

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Select::limit() A

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