Duplicate code is one of the most pungent code smells. A rule that is often used is to re-structure code once it is duplicated in three or more places.
Common duplication problems, and corresponding solutions are:
Complex classes like TwitterAds often do a lot of different things. To break such a class down, we need to identify a cohesive component within that class. A common approach to find such a component is to look for fields/methods that share the same prefixes, or suffixes. You can also have a look at the cohesion graph to spot any un-connected, or weakly-connected components.
Once you have determined the fields that belong together, you can apply the Extract Class refactoring. If the component makes sense as a sub-class, Extract Subclass is also a candidate, and is often faster.
While breaking up the class, it is a good idea to analyze how other classes use TwitterAds, and based on these observations, apply Extract Interface, too.
| 1 | <?php |
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| 23 | class TwitterAds extends Config |
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| 24 | { |
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| 25 | const API_VERSION = '1'; |
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| 26 | const API_REST_VERSION = '1.1'; |
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| 27 | const API_HOST = 'https://ads-api.twitter.com'; |
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| 28 | const API_HOST_SANDBOX = 'https://ads-api-sandbox.twitter.com'; |
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| 29 | const API_HOST_OAUTH = 'https://api.twitter.com'; |
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| 30 | const UPLOAD_HOST = 'https://upload.twitter.com'; |
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| 31 | const UPLOAD_PATH = 'media/upload.json'; |
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| 32 | const UPLOAD_CHUNK = 40960; // 1024 * 40 |
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| 33 | |||
| 34 | /** @var TwitterAds */ |
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| 35 | protected static $instance; |
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| 36 | /** @var string Method used for the request */ |
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| 37 | private $method; |
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| 38 | /** @var string Resource used for the request */ |
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| 39 | private $resource; |
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| 40 | /** @var Response details about the result of the last request */ |
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| 41 | private $response; |
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| 42 | /** @var string|null Application bearer token */ |
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| 43 | private $bearer; |
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| 44 | /** @var Consumer Twitter application details */ |
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| 45 | private $consumer; |
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| 46 | /** @var Token|null User access token details */ |
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| 47 | private $token; |
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| 48 | /** @var HmacSha1 OAuth 1 signature type used by Twitter */ |
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| 49 | private $signatureMethod; |
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| 50 | /** @var bool Sandbox allows to make requests thought sandbox environment */ |
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| 51 | private $sandbox; |
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| 52 | /** @var string */ |
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| 53 | private $accountId; |
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| 54 | |||
| 55 | /** |
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| 56 | * @return TwitterAds|null |
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| 57 | */ |
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| 58 | public static function instance() |
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| 62 | |||
| 63 | /** |
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| 64 | * @param TwitterAds $instance |
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| 65 | */ |
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| 66 | public static function setInstance(TwitterAds $instance) |
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| 70 | |||
| 71 | /** |
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| 72 | * Constructor. |
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| 73 | * |
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| 74 | * @param string $consumerKey The Application Consumer Key |
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| 75 | * @param string $consumerSecret The Application Consumer Secret |
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| 76 | * @param string|null $oauthToken The Client Token |
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| 77 | * @param string|null $oauthTokenSecret The Client Token Secret |
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| 78 | * @param string $accountId |
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| 79 | * @param bool $sandbox The Sandbox environment (optional) |
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| 80 | */ |
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| 81 | public function __construct($consumerKey, $consumerSecret, $oauthToken = '', $oauthTokenSecret = '', $accountId = '', $sandbox = false) |
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| 95 | |||
| 96 | /** |
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| 97 | * @param $consumerKey |
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| 98 | * @param $consumerSecret |
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| 99 | * @param $oauthToken |
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| 100 | * @param $oauthTokenSecret |
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| 101 | * @param string $accountId |
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| 102 | * @param bool $sandbox |
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| 103 | * @return static |
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| 104 | */ |
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| 105 | public static function init($consumerKey, $consumerSecret, $oauthToken = '', $oauthTokenSecret = '', $accountId = '', $sandbox = false) |
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| 113 | |||
| 114 | /** |
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| 115 | * @return Account|Cursor |
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| 116 | */ |
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| 117 | public function getAccounts() |
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| 121 | |||
| 122 | /** |
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| 123 | * @param string $oauthToken |
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| 124 | * @param string $oauthTokenSecret |
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| 125 | */ |
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| 126 | public function setOauthToken($oauthToken, $oauthTokenSecret) |
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| 130 | |||
| 131 | /** |
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| 132 | * @return string|null |
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| 133 | */ |
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| 134 | public function getLastApiPath() |
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| 138 | |||
| 139 | /** |
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| 140 | * @return int |
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| 141 | */ |
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| 142 | public function getLastHttpCode() |
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| 146 | |||
| 147 | /** |
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| 148 | * @return array |
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| 149 | */ |
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| 150 | public function getLastXHeaders() |
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| 154 | |||
| 155 | /** |
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| 156 | * @return array|object|null |
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| 157 | */ |
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| 158 | public function getLastBody() |
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| 162 | |||
| 163 | /** |
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| 164 | * Resets the last response cache. |
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| 165 | */ |
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| 166 | public function resetLastResponse() |
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| 170 | |||
| 171 | /** |
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| 172 | * Make URLs for user browser navigation. |
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| 173 | * |
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| 174 | * @param string $path |
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| 175 | * @param array $parameters |
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| 176 | * |
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| 177 | * @return string |
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| 178 | */ |
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| 179 | public function url($path, array $parameters) |
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| 187 | |||
| 188 | /** |
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| 189 | * Make /oauth/* requests to the API. |
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| 190 | * |
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| 191 | * @param string $path |
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| 192 | * @param array $parameters |
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| 193 | * @return array |
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| 194 | * @throws Exception |
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| 195 | */ |
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| 196 | public function oauth($path, array $parameters = []) |
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| 213 | |||
| 214 | /** |
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| 215 | * Make /oauth2/* requests to the API. |
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| 216 | * |
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| 217 | * @param string $path |
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| 218 | * @param array $parameters |
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| 219 | * |
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| 220 | * @return array|object |
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| 221 | */ |
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| 222 | public function oauth2($path, array $parameters = []) |
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| 236 | |||
| 237 | public function verifyCredentials($parameters = []) |
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| 241 | |||
| 242 | /** |
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| 243 | * Make GET requests to the API. |
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| 244 | * |
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| 245 | * @param string $path |
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| 246 | * @param array $parameters |
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| 247 | * |
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| 248 | * @return Response |
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| 249 | */ |
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| 250 | public function get($path, array $parameters = []) |
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| 254 | |||
| 255 | /** |
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| 256 | * Make POST requests to the API. |
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| 257 | * |
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| 258 | * @param string $path |
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| 259 | * @param array $parameters |
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| 260 | * |
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| 261 | * @param array $headers |
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| 262 | * @return Response |
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| 263 | */ |
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| 264 | public function post($path, array $parameters = [], array $headers = []) |
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| 268 | |||
| 269 | /** |
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| 270 | * Make DELETE requests to the API. |
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| 271 | * |
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| 272 | * @param string $path |
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| 273 | * @param array $parameters |
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| 274 | * |
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| 275 | * @return Response |
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| 276 | */ |
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| 277 | public function delete($path, array $parameters = []) |
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| 281 | |||
| 282 | /** |
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| 283 | * Make PUT requests to the API. |
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| 284 | * |
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| 285 | * @param string $path |
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| 286 | * @param array $parameters |
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| 287 | * |
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| 288 | * @return Response |
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| 289 | */ |
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| 290 | public function put($path, array $parameters = [], array $headers = []) |
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| 294 | |||
| 295 | /** |
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| 296 | * Upload media to upload.twitter.com. |
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| 297 | * |
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| 298 | * @param array $parameters |
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| 299 | * @param bool $chunked |
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| 300 | * |
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| 301 | * @return array|object |
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| 302 | */ |
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| 303 | public function upload(array $parameters = [], $chunked = false) |
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| 311 | |||
| 312 | /** |
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| 313 | * Private method to upload media (not chunked) to upload.twitter.com. |
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| 314 | * |
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| 315 | * @param string $path |
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| 316 | * @param array $parameters |
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| 317 | * |
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| 318 | * @return array|object |
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| 319 | */ |
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| 320 | private function uploadMediaNotChunked($path, $parameters) |
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| 328 | |||
| 329 | /** |
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| 330 | * Private method to upload media (chunked) to upload.twitter.com. |
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| 331 | * |
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| 332 | * @param string $path |
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| 333 | * @param array $parameters |
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| 334 | * |
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| 335 | * @return array|object |
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| 336 | */ |
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| 337 | private function uploadMediaChunked($path, $parameters) |
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| 411 | |||
| 412 | /** |
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| 413 | * @param string $method |
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| 414 | * @param string $host |
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| 415 | * @param string $path |
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| 416 | * @param array $parameters |
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| 417 | * @param array $headers |
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| 418 | * @return Response |
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| 419 | * @throws BadRequest |
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| 420 | * @throws Forbidden |
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| 421 | * @throws NotAuthorized |
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| 422 | * @throws NotFound |
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| 423 | * @throws RateLimit |
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| 424 | * @throws ServerError |
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| 425 | * @throws ServiceUnavailable |
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| 426 | */ |
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| 427 | private function http($method, $host, $path, array $parameters, $headers = []) |
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| 451 | |||
| 452 | /** |
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| 453 | * @param $response |
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| 454 | * @throws BadRequest |
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| 455 | * @throws Forbidden |
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| 456 | * @throws NotAuthorized |
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| 457 | * @throws NotFound |
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| 458 | * @throws RateLimit |
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| 459 | * @throws ServerError |
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| 460 | * @throws ServiceUnavailable |
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| 461 | */ |
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| 462 | public function manageErrors($response) |
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| 483 | |||
| 484 | /** |
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| 485 | * Format and sign an OAuth / API request. |
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| 486 | * |
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| 487 | * @param string $url |
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| 488 | * @param string $method |
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| 489 | * @param array $parameters |
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| 490 | * |
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| 491 | * @param array $headers |
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| 492 | * @return string |
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| 493 | * @throws TwitterAdsException |
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| 494 | */ |
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| 495 | private function oAuthRequest($url, $method, array $parameters, $headers = []) |
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| 515 | |||
| 516 | /** |
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| 517 | * Make an HTTP request. |
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| 518 | * |
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| 519 | * @param string $url |
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| 520 | * @param string $method |
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| 521 | * @param string $authorization |
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| 522 | * @param array $postfields |
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| 523 | * |
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| 524 | * @param array $headers |
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| 525 | * @return string |
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| 526 | * @throws TwitterAdsException |
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| 527 | */ |
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| 528 | private function request($url, $method, $authorization, $postfields, $headers = []) |
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| 596 | |||
| 597 | /** |
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| 598 | * Get the header info to store. |
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| 599 | * |
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| 600 | * @param string $header |
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| 601 | * |
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| 602 | * @return array |
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| 603 | */ |
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| 604 | private function parseHeaders($header) |
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| 617 | |||
| 618 | /** |
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| 619 | * Set API URLS. |
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| 620 | */ |
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| 621 | public function accessTokenURL() |
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| 625 | |||
| 626 | public function authenticateURL() |
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| 630 | |||
| 631 | public function authorizeURL() |
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| 635 | |||
| 636 | public function requestTokenURL() |
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| 640 | |||
| 641 | /** |
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| 642 | * Encode application authorization header with base64. |
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| 643 | * |
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| 644 | * @param Consumer $consumer |
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| 645 | * |
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| 646 | * @return string |
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| 647 | */ |
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| 648 | private function encodeAppAuthorization($consumer) |
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| 656 | |||
| 657 | /** |
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| 658 | * Return current response. Allows inheritance. |
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| 659 | * |
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| 660 | * @return Response |
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| 661 | */ |
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| 662 | public function getResponse() |
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| 666 | |||
| 667 | /** |
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| 668 | * @return string |
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| 669 | */ |
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| 670 | public function getMethod() |
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| 674 | |||
| 675 | /** |
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| 676 | * @return string |
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| 677 | */ |
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| 678 | public function getResource() |
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| 682 | |||
| 683 | /** |
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| 684 | * @return string |
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| 685 | */ |
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| 686 | public function getAccountId() |
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| 690 | |||
| 691 | /** |
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| 692 | * @param string $accountId |
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| 693 | */ |
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| 694 | public function setAccountId($accountId) |
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| 698 | |||
| 699 | View Code Duplication | public function getRequestToken($oauth_callback) |
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| 708 | |||
| 709 | /** |
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| 710 | * Exchange request token and secret for an access token and |
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| 711 | * secret, to sign API calls. |
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| 712 | * |
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| 713 | * @param $oauth_verifier |
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| 714 | * @return array ("oauth_token" => "the-access-token", |
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| 715 | * "oauth_token_secret" => "the-access-secret", |
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| 716 | * "user_id" => "9436992", |
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| 717 | * "screen_name" => "abraham") |
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| 718 | */ |
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| 719 | View Code Duplication | public function getAccessToken($oauth_verifier) |
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| 728 | |||
| 729 | // This function takes a input like a=b&a=c&d=e and returns the parsed |
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| 730 | // parameters like this |
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| 731 | // array('a' => array('b','c'), 'd' => 'e') |
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| 732 | View Code Duplication | public static function parse_parameters($input) |
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| 764 | |||
| 765 | public static function urlencode_rfc3986($input) |
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| 779 | |||
| 780 | // This decode function isn't taking into consideration the above |
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| 781 | // modifications to the encoding process. However, this method doesn't |
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| 782 | // seem to be used anywhere so leaving it as is. |
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| 783 | public static function urldecode_rfc3986($string) |
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| 787 | |||
| 788 | /** |
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| 789 | * Get the authorize URL. |
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| 790 | * |
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| 791 | * @param $token |
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| 792 | * @param bool $sign_in_with_twitter |
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| 793 | * @return string |
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| 794 | */ |
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| 795 | public function getAuthorizeURL($token, $sign_in_with_twitter = true) |
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| 806 | } |
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| 807 |
PHP Analyzer performs a side-effects analysis of your code. A side-effect is basically anything that might be visible after the scope of the method is left.
Let’s take a look at an example:
If we look at the
getEmail()method, we can see that it has no side-effect. Whether you call this method or not, no future calls to other methods are affected by this. As such code as the following is useless:On the hand, if we look at the
setEmail(), this method _has_ side-effects. In the following case, we could not remove the method call: