Complex classes like Browscap often do a lot of different things. To break such a class down, we need to identify a cohesive component within that class. A common approach to find such a component is to look for fields/methods that share the same prefixes, or suffixes. You can also have a look at the cohesion graph to spot any un-connected, or weakly-connected components.
Once you have determined the fields that belong together, you can apply the Extract Class refactoring. If the component makes sense as a sub-class, Extract Subclass is also a candidate, and is often faster.
While breaking up the class, it is a good idea to analyze how other classes use Browscap, and based on these observations, apply Extract Interface, too.
| 1 | <?php |
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| 46 | class Browscap |
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| 47 | { |
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| 48 | /** |
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| 49 | * Current version of the class. |
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| 50 | */ |
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| 51 | const VERSION = '1.0'; |
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| 52 | |||
| 53 | /** |
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| 54 | * Different ways to access remote and local files. |
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| 55 | * |
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| 56 | * UPDATE_FOPEN: Uses the fopen url wrapper (use file_get_contents). |
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| 57 | * UPDATE_FSOCKOPEN: Uses the socket functions (fsockopen). |
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| 58 | * UPDATE_CURL: Uses the cURL extension. |
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| 59 | * UPDATE_LOCAL: Updates from a local file (file_get_contents). |
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| 60 | */ |
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| 61 | const UPDATE_FOPEN = 'URL-wrapper'; |
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| 62 | const UPDATE_FSOCKOPEN = 'socket'; |
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| 63 | const UPDATE_CURL = 'cURL'; |
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| 64 | const UPDATE_LOCAL = 'local'; |
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| 65 | |||
| 66 | /** |
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| 67 | * Options for regex patterns. |
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| 68 | * |
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| 69 | * REGEX_DELIMITER: Delimiter of all the regex patterns in the whole class. |
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| 70 | * REGEX_MODIFIERS: Regex modifiers. |
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| 71 | */ |
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| 72 | const REGEX_DELIMITER = '@'; |
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| 73 | const REGEX_MODIFIERS = 'i'; |
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| 74 | |||
| 75 | /** |
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| 76 | * The values to quote in the ini file |
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| 77 | */ |
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| 78 | const VALUES_TO_QUOTE = 'Browser|Parent'; |
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| 79 | |||
| 80 | /** |
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| 81 | * Definitions of the function used by the uasort() function to order the |
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| 82 | * userAgents array. |
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| 83 | * |
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| 84 | * ORDER_FUNC_ARGS: Arguments that the function will take. |
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| 85 | * ORDER_FUNC_LOGIC: Internal logic of the function. |
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| 86 | */ |
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| 87 | const ORDER_FUNC_ARGS = '$a, $b'; |
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| 88 | const ORDER_FUNC_LOGIC = '$a=strlen($a);$b=strlen($b);return$a==$b?0:($a<$b?1:-1);'; |
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| 89 | |||
| 90 | /** |
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| 91 | * The headers to be sent for checking the version and requesting the file. |
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| 92 | */ |
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| 93 | const REQUEST_HEADERS = "GET %s HTTP/1.0\r\nHost: %s\r\nUser-Agent: %s\r\nConnection: Close\r\n\r\n"; |
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| 94 | |||
| 95 | /** |
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| 96 | * Options for auto update capabilities |
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| 97 | * |
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| 98 | * $remoteVerUrl: The location to use to check out if a new version of the |
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| 99 | * browscap.ini file is available. |
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| 100 | * $remoteIniUrl: The location from which download the ini file. |
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| 101 | * The placeholder for the file should be represented by a %s. |
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| 102 | * $timeout: The timeout for the requests. |
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| 103 | * $updateInterval: The update interval in seconds. |
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| 104 | * $errorInterval: The next update interval in seconds in case of an error. |
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| 105 | * $doAutoUpdate: Flag to disable the automatic interval based update. |
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| 106 | * $updateMethod: The method to use to update the file, has to be a value of |
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| 107 | * an UPDATE_* constant, null or false. |
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| 108 | */ |
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| 109 | public $remoteIniUrl = 'http://tempdownloads.browserscap.com/stream.php?Full_PHP_BrowscapINI'; |
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| 110 | public $remoteVerUrl = 'http://tempdownloads.browserscap.com/versions/version-date.php'; |
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| 111 | public $timeout = 5; |
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| 112 | public $updateInterval = 432000; // 5 days |
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| 113 | public $errorInterval = 7200; // 2 hours |
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| 114 | public $doAutoUpdate = true; |
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| 115 | public $updateMethod = null; |
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| 116 | |||
| 117 | /** |
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| 118 | * The path of the local version of the browscap.ini file from which to |
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| 119 | * update (to be set only if used). |
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| 120 | * |
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| 121 | * @var string |
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| 122 | */ |
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| 123 | public $localFile = null; |
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| 124 | |||
| 125 | /** |
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| 126 | * The useragent to include in the requests made by the class during the |
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| 127 | * update process. |
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| 128 | * |
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| 129 | * @var string |
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| 130 | */ |
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| 131 | public $userAgent = 'Browser Capabilities Project - PHP Browscap/%v %m'; |
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| 132 | |||
| 133 | /** |
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| 134 | * Flag to enable only lowercase indexes in the result. |
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| 135 | * The cache has to be rebuilt in order to apply this option. |
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| 136 | * |
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| 137 | * @var bool |
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| 138 | */ |
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| 139 | public $lowercase = false; |
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| 140 | |||
| 141 | /** |
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| 142 | * Flag to enable/disable silent error management. |
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| 143 | * In case of an error during the update process the class returns an empty |
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| 144 | * array/object if the update process can't take place and the browscap.ini |
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| 145 | * file does not exist. |
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| 146 | * |
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| 147 | * @var bool |
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| 148 | */ |
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| 149 | public $silent = false; |
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| 150 | |||
| 151 | /** |
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| 152 | * Where to store the cached PHP arrays. |
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| 153 | * |
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| 154 | * @var string |
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| 155 | */ |
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| 156 | public $cacheFilename = 'cache.php'; |
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| 157 | |||
| 158 | /** |
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| 159 | * Where to store the downloaded ini file. |
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| 160 | * |
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| 161 | * @var string |
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| 162 | */ |
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| 163 | public $iniFilename = 'browscap.ini'; |
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| 164 | |||
| 165 | /** |
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| 166 | * Path to the cache directory |
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| 167 | * |
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| 168 | * @var string |
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| 169 | */ |
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| 170 | public $cacheDir = null; |
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| 171 | |||
| 172 | /** |
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| 173 | * Flag to be set to true after loading the cache |
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| 174 | * |
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| 175 | * @var bool |
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| 176 | */ |
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| 177 | protected $_cacheLoaded = false; |
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| 178 | |||
| 179 | /** |
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| 180 | * Where to store the value of the included PHP cache file |
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| 181 | * |
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| 182 | * @var array |
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| 183 | */ |
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| 184 | protected $_userAgents = array(); |
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| 185 | protected $_browsers = array(); |
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| 186 | protected $_patterns = array(); |
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| 187 | protected $_properties = array(); |
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| 188 | |||
| 189 | /** |
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| 190 | * An associative array of associative arrays in the format |
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| 191 | * `$arr['wrapper']['option'] = $value` passed to stream_context_create() |
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| 192 | * when building a stream resource. |
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| 193 | * |
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| 194 | * Proxy settings are stored in this variable. |
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| 195 | * |
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| 196 | * @see http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.stream-context-create.php |
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| 197 | * |
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| 198 | * @var array |
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| 199 | */ |
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| 200 | protected $_streamContextOptions = array(); |
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| 201 | |||
| 202 | /** |
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| 203 | * A valid context resource created with stream_context_create(). |
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| 204 | * |
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| 205 | * @see http://www.php.net/manual/en/function.stream-context-create.php |
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| 206 | * |
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| 207 | * @var resource |
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| 208 | */ |
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| 209 | protected $_streamContext = null; |
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| 210 | |||
| 211 | /** |
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| 212 | * Constructor class, checks for the existence of (and loads) the cache and |
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| 213 | * if needed updated the definitions |
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| 214 | * |
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| 215 | * @param string $cache_dir |
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| 216 | */ |
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| 217 | public function __construct($cache_dir) |
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| 247 | |||
| 248 | /** |
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| 249 | * Gets the information about the browser by User Agent |
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| 250 | * |
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| 251 | * @param string $user_agent the user agent string |
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| 252 | * @param bool $return_array whether return an array or an object |
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| 253 | * @throws Exception |
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| 254 | * @return stdObject the object containing the browsers details. Array if |
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| 255 | * $return_array is set to true. |
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| 256 | */ |
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| 257 | public function getBrowser($user_agent = null, $return_array = false) |
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| 339 | |||
| 340 | /** |
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| 341 | * Load (auto-set) proxy settings from environment variables. |
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| 342 | */ |
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| 343 | public function autodetectProxySettings() |
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| 359 | |||
| 360 | /** |
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| 361 | * Add proxy settings to the stream context array. |
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| 362 | * |
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| 363 | * @param string $server Proxy server/host |
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| 364 | * @param int $port Port |
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| 365 | * @param string $wrapper Wrapper: "http", "https", "ftp", others... |
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| 366 | * @param string $username Username (when requiring authentication) |
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| 367 | * @param string $password Password (when requiring authentication) |
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| 368 | * |
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| 369 | * @return Browscap |
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| 370 | */ |
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| 371 | public function addProxySettings($server, $port = 3128, $wrapper = 'http', $username = null, $password = null) |
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| 397 | |||
| 398 | /** |
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| 399 | * Clear proxy settings from the stream context options array. |
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| 400 | * |
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| 401 | * @param string $wrapper Remove settings from this wrapper only |
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| 402 | * |
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| 403 | * @return array Wrappers cleared |
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| 404 | */ |
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| 405 | public function clearProxySettings($wrapper = null) |
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| 430 | |||
| 431 | /** |
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| 432 | * Returns the array of stream context options. |
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| 433 | * |
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| 434 | * @return array |
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| 435 | */ |
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| 436 | public function getStreamContextOptions() |
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| 440 | |||
| 441 | /** |
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| 442 | * Parses the ini file and updates the cache files |
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| 443 | * |
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| 444 | * @return bool whether the file was correctly written to the disk |
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| 445 | */ |
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| 446 | public function updateCache() |
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| 523 | |||
| 524 | /** |
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| 525 | * Loads the cache into object's properties |
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| 526 | * |
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| 527 | * @return void |
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| 528 | */ |
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| 529 | protected function _loadCache($cache_file) |
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| 540 | |||
| 541 | /** |
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| 542 | * Parses the array to cache and creates the PHP string to write to disk |
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| 543 | * |
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| 544 | * @return string the PHP string to save into the cache file |
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| 545 | */ |
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| 546 | protected function _buildCache() |
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| 563 | |||
| 564 | /** |
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| 565 | * Lazy getter for the stream context resource. |
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| 566 | * |
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| 567 | * @return resource |
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| 568 | */ |
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| 569 | protected function _getStreamContext($recreate = false) |
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| 577 | |||
| 578 | /** |
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| 579 | * Updates the local copy of the ini file (by version checking) and adapts |
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| 580 | * his syntax to the PHP ini parser |
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| 581 | * |
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| 582 | * @param string $url the url of the remote server |
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| 583 | * @param string $path the path of the ini file to update |
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| 584 | * @throws Exception |
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| 585 | * @return bool if the ini file was updated |
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| 586 | */ |
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| 587 | protected function _getRemoteIniFile($url, $path) |
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| 635 | |||
| 636 | /** |
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| 637 | * Gets the remote ini file update timestamp |
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| 638 | * |
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| 639 | * @throws Exception |
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| 640 | * @return int the remote modification timestamp |
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| 641 | */ |
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| 642 | protected function _getRemoteMTime() |
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| 653 | |||
| 654 | /** |
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| 655 | * Gets the local ini file update timestamp |
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| 656 | * |
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| 657 | * @throws Exception |
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| 658 | * @return int the local modification timestamp |
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| 659 | */ |
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| 660 | protected function _getLocalMTime() |
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| 668 | |||
| 669 | /** |
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| 670 | * Converts the given array to the PHP string which represent it. |
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| 671 | * This method optimizes the PHP code and the output differs form the |
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| 672 | * var_export one as the internal PHP function does not strip whitespace or |
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| 673 | * convert strings to numbers. |
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| 674 | * |
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| 675 | * @param array $array the array to parse and convert |
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| 676 | * @return string the array parsed into a PHP string |
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| 677 | */ |
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| 678 | protected function _array2string($array) |
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| 704 | |||
| 705 | /** |
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| 706 | * Checks for the various possibilities offered by the current configuration |
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| 707 | * of PHP to retrieve external HTTP data |
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| 708 | * |
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| 709 | * @return string the name of function to use to retrieve the file |
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| 710 | */ |
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| 711 | protected function _getUpdateMethod() |
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| 730 | |||
| 731 | /** |
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| 732 | * Retrieve the data identified by the URL |
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| 733 | * |
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| 734 | * @param string $url the url of the data |
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| 735 | * @throws Exception |
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| 736 | * @return string the retrieved data |
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| 737 | */ |
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| 738 | protected function _getRemoteData($url) |
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| 815 | |||
| 816 | /** |
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| 817 | * Format the useragent string to be used in the remote requests made by the |
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| 818 | * class during the update process. |
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| 819 | * |
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| 820 | * @return string the formatted user agent |
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| 821 | */ |
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| 822 | protected function _getUserAgent() |
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| 829 | } |
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| 830 | |||
| 842 |
Instead of super-globals, we recommend to explicitly inject the dependencies of your class. This makes your code less dependent on global state and it becomes generally more testable: