Duplicate code is one of the most pungent code smells. A rule that is often used is to re-structure code once it is duplicated in three or more places.
Common duplication problems, and corresponding solutions are:
Complex classes like HourglassController often do a lot of different things. To break such a class down, we need to identify a cohesive component within that class. A common approach to find such a component is to look for fields/methods that share the same prefixes, or suffixes. You can also have a look at the cohesion graph to spot any un-connected, or weakly-connected components.
Once you have determined the fields that belong together, you can apply the Extract Class refactoring. If the component makes sense as a sub-class, Extract Subclass is also a candidate, and is often faster.
While breaking up the class, it is a good idea to analyze how other classes use HourglassController, and based on these observations, apply Extract Interface, too.
| 1 | <?php  | 
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| 28 | class HourglassController extends ChartController { | 
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| 29 | /** @var int Whether to show spouse details. */  | 
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| 30 | public $show_spouse;  | 
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| 31 | |||
| 32 | /** @var int Number of ascendancy generations to show. */  | 
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| 33 | public $generations;  | 
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| 34 | |||
| 35 | /** @var int Number of descendancy generations that exist. */  | 
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| 36 | public $dgenerations;  | 
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| 37 | |||
| 38 | /** @var int Half height of personbox. */  | 
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| 39 | public $bhalfheight;  | 
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| 40 | |||
| 41 | const SWITCH_LINK = "<a href='hourglass.php?rootid=%s&show_spouse=%s&generations=%s' class='name1'>%s</a>";  | 
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| 42 | |||
| 43 | /**  | 
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| 44 | * Create the hourglass controller.  | 
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| 45 | *  | 
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| 46 | * @param string $rootid  | 
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| 47 | */  | 
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| 48 | 	public function __construct($rootid = '') { | 
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                         | 
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| 49 | parent::__construct();  | 
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| 50 | |||
| 51 | // Extract parameters from  | 
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| 52 | 		$this->show_spouse = Filter::getInteger('show_spouse', 0, 1, 0); | 
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| 53 | 		$this->generations = Filter::getInteger('generations', 2, $this->tree()->getPreference('MAX_DESCENDANCY_GENERATIONS'), 3); | 
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| 54 | |||
| 55 | $this->bhalfheight = (int) ($this->getBoxDimensions()->height / 2);  | 
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| 56 | |||
| 57 | //Checks how many generations of descendency is for the person for formatting purposes  | 
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| 58 | $this->dgenerations = $this->maxDescendencyGenerations($this->root, 0);  | 
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| 59 | 		if ($this->dgenerations < 1) { | 
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| 60 | $this->dgenerations = 1;  | 
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| 61 | }  | 
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| 62 | |||
| 63 | 		$this->setPageTitle(/* I18N: %s is an individual’s name */ I18N::translate('Hourglass chart of %s', $this->root->getFullName())); | 
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| 64 | }  | 
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| 65 | |||
| 66 | /**  | 
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| 67 | * Prints pedigree of the person passed in. Which is the descendancy  | 
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| 68 | *  | 
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| 69 | * @param Individual $person ID of person to print the pedigree for  | 
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| 70 | * @param int $count generation count, so it recursively calls itself  | 
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| 71 | */  | 
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| 72 | 	public function printPersonPedigree(Individual $person, $count) { | 
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| 73 | 		if ($count >= $this->generations) { | 
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| 74 | return;  | 
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| 75 | }  | 
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| 76 | |||
| 77 | $genoffset = $this->generations; // handle pedigree n generations lines  | 
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| 78 | |||
| 79 | //  | 
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| 80 | //Prints empty table columns for children w/o parents up to the max generation  | 
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| 81 | //This allows vertical line spacing to be consistent  | 
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| 82 | //  | 
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| 83 | 		if (count($person->getChildFamilies()) == 0) { | 
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| 84 | echo '<table><tr><td> ' . $this->printEmptyBox() . '</td>';  | 
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| 85 | echo '<td> ';  | 
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| 86 | // Recursively get the father’s family  | 
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| 87 | $this->printPersonPedigree($person, $count + 1);  | 
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| 88 | echo '</td></tr>';  | 
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| 89 | echo '<tr><td> ' . $this->printEmptyBox() . '</td>';  | 
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| 90 | echo '<td> ';  | 
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| 91 | // Recursively get the mother’s family  | 
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| 92 | $this->printPersonPedigree($person, $count + 1);  | 
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| 93 | echo '</td><td> </tr></table>';  | 
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| 94 | }  | 
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| 95 | 		foreach ($person->getChildFamilies() as $family) { | 
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| 96 | echo '<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" class="hourglassChart">';  | 
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| 97 | echo '<tr>';  | 
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| 98 | 			echo '<td style="vertical-align:bottom"><img class="line3 pvline" src="' . Theme::theme()->parameter('image-vline') . '" width="3"></td>'; | 
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| 99 | 			echo '<td> <img class="lineh2" src="' . Theme::theme()->parameter('image-hline') . '" width="7" height="3"></td>'; | 
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| 100 | echo '<td class="myCharts"> ';  | 
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| 101 | //-- print the father box  | 
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| 102 | FunctionsPrint::printPedigreePerson($family->getHusband());  | 
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| 103 | echo '</td>';  | 
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| 104 | 			if ($family->getHusband()) { | 
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| 105 | $ARID = $family->getHusband()->getXref();  | 
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| 106 | echo '<td id="td_' . $ARID . '">';  | 
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| 107 | |||
| 108 | //-- print an Ajax arrow on the last generation of the adult male  | 
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| 109 | View Code Duplication | 				if ($count == $this->generations - 1 && $family->getHusband()->getChildFamilies()) { | 
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| 110 | 					echo FontAwesome::linkIcon('arrow-end', I18N::translate('Parents'), [ | 
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| 111 | 'href' => '#',  | 
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| 112 | 'data-direction' => 'asc',  | 
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| 113 | 'data-xref' => $ARID,  | 
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| 114 | 'data-spouses' => $this->show_spouse,  | 
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| 115 | ]);  | 
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| 116 | }  | 
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| 117 | //-- recursively get the father’s family  | 
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| 118 | $this->printPersonPedigree($family->getHusband(), $count + 1);  | 
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| 119 | echo '</td>';  | 
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| 120 | View Code Duplication | 			} else { | 
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| 121 | echo '<td> ';  | 
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| 122 | 				if ($count < $genoffset - 1) { | 
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| 123 | echo '<table>';  | 
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| 124 | 					for ($i = $count; $i < (pow(2, ($genoffset - 1) - $count) / 2) + 2; $i++) { | 
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| 125 | $this->printEmptyBox();  | 
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| 126 | echo '</tr>';  | 
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| 127 | $this->printEmptyBox();  | 
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| 128 | echo '</tr>';  | 
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| 129 | }  | 
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| 130 | echo '</table>';  | 
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| 131 | }  | 
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| 132 | }  | 
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| 133 | echo  | 
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| 134 | '</tr><tr>',  | 
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| 135 | 			"<td style='vertical-align:top'><img class='pvline' src='" . Theme::theme()->parameter('image-vline') . "' width='3' alt=''></td>", | 
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| 136 | 				'<td> <img class="lineh3" src="' . Theme::theme()->parameter('image-hline') . '" width="7" height="3"></td>', | 
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| 137 | '<td class="myCharts"> ';  | 
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| 138 | //-- print the mother box  | 
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| 139 | FunctionsPrint::printPedigreePerson($family->getWife());  | 
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| 140 | echo '</td>';  | 
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| 141 | 			if ($family->getWife()) { | 
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| 142 | $ARID = $family->getWife()->getXref();  | 
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| 143 | echo '<td id="td_' . $ARID . '">';  | 
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| 144 | |||
| 145 | //-- print an ajax arrow on the last generation of the adult female  | 
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| 146 | View Code Duplication | 				if ($count == $this->generations - 1 && $family->getWife()->getChildFamilies()) { | 
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| 147 | 					echo FontAwesome::linkIcon('arrow-end', I18N::translate('Parents'), [ | 
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| 148 | 'href' => '#',  | 
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| 149 | 'data-direction' => 'asc',  | 
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| 150 | 'data-xref' => $ARID,  | 
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| 151 | 'data-spouses' => $this->show_spouse,  | 
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| 152 | ]);  | 
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| 153 | }  | 
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| 154 | //-- recursively print the mother’s family  | 
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| 155 | $this->printPersonPedigree($family->getWife(), $count + 1);  | 
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| 156 | echo '</td>';  | 
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| 157 | }  | 
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| 158 | echo '</tr></table>';  | 
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| 159 | break;  | 
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| 160 | }  | 
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| 161 | }  | 
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| 162 | |||
| 163 | /**  | 
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| 164 | * Print empty box  | 
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| 165 | *  | 
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| 166 | * @return string  | 
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| 167 | */  | 
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| 168 | |||
| 169 | 	private function printEmptyBox() { | 
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| 170 | return Theme::theme()->individualBoxEmpty();  | 
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| 171 | }  | 
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| 172 | |||
| 173 | /**  | 
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| 174 | * Prints descendency of passed in person  | 
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| 175 | *  | 
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| 176 | * @param Individual $person person to print descendency for  | 
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| 177 | * @param int $count count of generations to print  | 
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| 178 | * @param bool $showNav  | 
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| 179 | *  | 
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| 180 | * @return int  | 
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| 181 | */  | 
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| 182 | 	public function printDescendency($person, $count, $showNav = true) { | 
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| 183 | global $lastGenSecondFam;  | 
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| 184 | |||
| 185 | 		if ($count > $this->dgenerations) { | 
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| 186 | return 0;  | 
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| 187 | }  | 
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| 188 | $pid = $person->getXref();  | 
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| 189 | $tablealign = 'right';  | 
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| 190 | $otablealign = 'left';  | 
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| 191 | 		if (I18N::direction() === 'rtl') { | 
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| 192 | $tablealign = 'left';  | 
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| 193 | $otablealign = 'right';  | 
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| 194 | }  | 
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| 195 | |||
| 196 | //-- put a space between families on the last generation  | 
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| 197 | 		if ($count == $this->dgenerations - 1) { | 
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| 198 | 			if (isset($lastGenSecondFam)) { | 
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| 199 | echo '<br>';  | 
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| 200 | }  | 
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| 201 | $lastGenSecondFam = true;  | 
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| 202 | }  | 
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| 203 | echo "<table cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" border=\"0\" id='table_$pid' class='hourglassChart' style='float:$tablealign'>";  | 
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| 204 | echo '<tr>';  | 
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| 205 | echo "<td style='text-align:$tablealign'>";  | 
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| 206 | $numkids = 0;  | 
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| 207 | $families = $person->getSpouseFamilies();  | 
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| 208 | $famNum = 0;  | 
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| 209 | $children = [];  | 
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| 210 | 		if ($count < $this->dgenerations) { | 
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| 211 | // Put all of the children in a common array  | 
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| 212 | 			foreach ($families as $family) { | 
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| 213 | $famNum++;  | 
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| 214 | 				foreach ($family->getChildren() as $child) { | 
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| 215 | $children[] = $child;  | 
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| 216 | }  | 
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| 217 | }  | 
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| 218 | |||
| 219 | $ct = count($children);  | 
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| 220 | 			if ($ct > 0) { | 
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| 221 | echo "<table cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" border=\"0\" style='position: relative; top: auto; float: $tablealign;'>";  | 
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| 222 | 				for ($i = 0; $i < $ct; $i++) { | 
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| 223 | $person2 = $children[$i];  | 
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| 224 | $chil = $person2->getXref();  | 
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| 225 | echo '<tr>';  | 
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| 226 | echo '<td id="td_', $chil, '" class="', I18N::direction(), '" style="text-align:', $otablealign, '">';  | 
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| 227 | $kids = $this->printDescendency($person2, $count + 1, $showNav);  | 
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| 228 | $numkids += $kids;  | 
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| 229 | echo '</td>';  | 
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| 230 | |||
| 231 | // Print the lines  | 
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| 232 | 					if ($ct > 1) { | 
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| 233 | 						if ($i == 0) { | 
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| 234 | // First child  | 
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| 235 | 							echo "<td style='vertical-align:bottom'><img alt='' class='line1 tvertline' id='vline_$chil' src='" . Theme::theme()->parameter('image-vline') . "' width='3'></td>"; | 
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| 236 | 						} elseif ($i == $ct - 1) { | 
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| 237 | // Last child  | 
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| 238 | 							echo "<td style='vertical-align:top'><img alt='' class='bvertline' id='vline_$chil' src='" . Theme::theme()->parameter('image-vline') . "' width='3'></td>"; | 
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| 239 | 						} else { | 
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| 240 | // Middle child  | 
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| 241 | 							echo '<td style="background: url(\'' . Theme::theme()->parameter('image-vline') . '\');"><img src=\'' . Theme::theme()->parameter('image-spacer') . '\' width="3"></td>'; | 
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| 242 | }  | 
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| 243 | }  | 
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| 244 | echo '</tr>';  | 
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| 245 | }  | 
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| 246 | echo '</table>';  | 
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| 247 | }  | 
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| 248 | echo '</td>';  | 
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| 249 | echo '<td class="myCharts" width="', $this->getBoxDimensions()->width, '">';  | 
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| 250 | }  | 
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| 251 | |||
| 252 | // Print the descendency expansion arrow  | 
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| 253 | 		if ($count == $this->dgenerations) { | 
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| 254 | $numkids = 1;  | 
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| 255 | $tbwidth = $this->getBoxDimensions()->width + 16;  | 
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| 256 | 			for ($j = $count; $j < $this->dgenerations; $j++) { | 
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| 257 | echo "<div style='width: ", $tbwidth, "px;'><br></div></td><td style='width:", $this->getBoxDimensions()->width, "px'>";  | 
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| 258 | }  | 
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| 259 | $kcount = 0;  | 
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| 260 | 			foreach ($families as $family) { | 
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| 261 | $kcount += $family->getNumberOfChildren();  | 
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| 262 | }  | 
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| 263 | 			if ($kcount == 0) { | 
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| 264 | echo "</td><td style='width:", $this->getBoxDimensions()->width, "px'>";  | 
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| 265 | 			} else { | 
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| 266 | 				echo FontAwesome::linkIcon('arrow-start', I18N::translate('Children'), [ | 
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| 267 | 'href' => '#',  | 
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| 268 | 'data-direction' => 'desc',  | 
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| 269 | 'data-xref' => $pid,  | 
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| 270 | 'data-spouses' => $this->show_spouse,  | 
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| 271 | ]);  | 
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| 272 | |||
| 273 | //-- move the arrow up to line up with the correct box  | 
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| 274 | 				if ($this->show_spouse) { | 
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| 275 | 					echo str_repeat('<br><br><br>', count($families)); | 
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| 276 | }  | 
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| 277 | echo "</td><td style='width:", $this->getBoxDimensions()->width, "px'>";  | 
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| 278 | }  | 
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| 279 | }  | 
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| 280 | |||
| 281 | echo '<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" id="table2_' . $pid . '"><tr><td> ';  | 
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| 282 | FunctionsPrint::printPedigreePerson($person);  | 
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| 283 | 		echo '</td><td> <img class="lineh1" src="' . Theme::theme()->parameter('image-hline') . '" width="7" height="3">'; | 
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| 284 | |||
| 285 | //----- Print the spouse  | 
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| 286 | 		if ($this->show_spouse) { | 
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| 287 | 			foreach ($families as $family) { | 
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| 288 | echo "</td></tr><tr><td style='text-align:$otablealign'>";  | 
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| 289 | FunctionsPrint::printPedigreePerson($family->getSpouse($person));  | 
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| 290 | $numkids++;  | 
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| 291 | echo '</td><td> </td>';  | 
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| 292 | }  | 
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| 293 | //-- add offset divs to make things line up better  | 
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| 294 | 			if ($count == $this->dgenerations) { | 
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| 295 | echo "<tr><td colspan '2'><div style='height:", ($this->bhalfheight / 2), 'px; width:', $this->getBoxDimensions()->width, "px;'><br></div>";  | 
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| 296 | }  | 
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| 297 | }  | 
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| 298 | echo '</td></tr></table>';  | 
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| 299 | |||
| 300 | // For the root person, print a down arrow that allows changing the root of tree  | 
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| 301 | 		if ($showNav && $count == 1) { | 
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| 302 | 			if ($person->canShowName()) { | 
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| 303 | // -- print left arrow for decendants so that we can move down the tree  | 
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| 304 | $famids = $person->getSpouseFamilies();  | 
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| 305 | //-- make sure there is more than 1 child in the family with parents  | 
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| 306 | $cfamids = $person->getChildFamilies();  | 
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| 307 | $num = 0;  | 
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| 308 | 				foreach ($cfamids as $family) { | 
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| 309 | $num += $family->getNumberOfChildren();  | 
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| 310 | }  | 
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| 311 | 				if ($num > 0) { | 
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| 312 | echo '<div class="center" id="childarrow" style="position:absolute; width:', $this->getBoxDimensions()->width, 'px;">';  | 
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| 313 | 					echo FontAwesome::linkIcon('arrow-down', I18N::translate('Family'), ['href' => '#', 'id' => 'spouse-child-links']); | 
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| 314 | echo '<div id="childbox">';  | 
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| 315 | echo '<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" class="person_box"><tr><td> ';  | 
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| 316 | |||
| 317 | 					foreach ($famids as $family) { | 
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| 318 | 						echo "<span class='name1'>" . I18N::translate('Family') . '</span>'; | 
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| 319 | $spouse = $family->getSpouse($person);  | 
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| 320 | 						if ($spouse) { | 
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| 321 | printf(self::SWITCH_LINK, $spouse->getXref(), $this->show_spouse, $this->generations, $spouse->getFullName());  | 
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| 322 | }  | 
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| 323 | 						foreach ($family->getChildren() as $child) { | 
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| 324 | printf(self::SWITCH_LINK, $child->getXref(), $this->show_spouse, $this->generations, $child->getFullName());  | 
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| 325 | }  | 
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| 326 | }  | 
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| 327 | |||
| 328 | //-- print the siblings  | 
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| 329 | 					foreach ($cfamids as $family) { | 
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| 330 | 						if ($family->getHusband() || $family->getWife()) { | 
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| 331 | 							echo "<span class='name1'>" . I18N::translate('Parents') . '</span>'; | 
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| 332 | $husb = $family->getHusband();  | 
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| 333 | 							if ($husb) { | 
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| 334 | printf(self::SWITCH_LINK, $husb->getXref(), $this->show_spouse, $this->generations, $husb->getFullName());  | 
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| 335 | }  | 
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| 336 | $wife = $family->getWife();  | 
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| 337 | 							if ($wife) { | 
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| 338 | printf(self::SWITCH_LINK, $wife->getXref(), $this->show_spouse, $this->generations, $wife->getFullName());  | 
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| 339 | }  | 
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| 340 | }  | 
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| 341 | |||
| 342 | // filter out root person from children array so only siblings remain  | 
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| 343 | 						$siblings = array_filter($family->getChildren(), function (Individual $item) use ($pid) { | 
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| 344 | return $item->getXref() != $pid;  | 
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| 345 | });  | 
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| 346 | $num = count($siblings);  | 
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| 347 | 						if ($num) { | 
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| 348 | echo "<span class='name1'>";  | 
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| 349 | 							echo $num > 1 ? I18N::translate('Siblings') : I18N::translate('Sibling'); | 
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| 350 | echo '</span>';  | 
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| 351 | 							foreach ($siblings as $child) { | 
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| 352 | printf(self::SWITCH_LINK, $child->getXref(), $this->show_spouse, $this->generations, $child->getFullName());  | 
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| 353 | }  | 
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| 354 | }  | 
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| 355 | }  | 
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| 356 | echo '</td></tr></table>';  | 
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| 357 | echo '</div>';  | 
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| 358 | echo '</div>';  | 
            ||
| 359 | }  | 
            ||
| 360 | }  | 
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| 361 | }  | 
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| 362 | echo '</td></tr></table>';  | 
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| 363 | |||
| 364 | return $numkids;  | 
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| 365 | }  | 
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| 366 | |||
| 367 | /**  | 
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| 368 | * Calculates number of generations a person has  | 
            ||
| 369 | *  | 
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| 370 | * @param Individual $individual Start individual  | 
            ||
| 371 | * @param int $depth Pass in 0 and it calculates how far down descendency goes  | 
            ||
| 372 | *  | 
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| 373 | * @return int Number of generations the descendency actually goes  | 
            ||
| 374 | */  | 
            ||
| 375 | 	private function maxDescendencyGenerations(Individual $individual, $depth) { | 
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| 399 | |||
| 400 | /**  | 
            ||
| 401 | * setup all of the javascript that is needed for the hourglass chart  | 
            ||
| 402 | *  | 
            ||
| 403 | * @return string  | 
            ||
| 404 | */  | 
            ||
| 405 | 	public function setupJavascript() { | 
            ||
| 446 | }  | 
            ||
| 447 | 
This check looks from parameters that have been defined for a function or method, but which are not used in the method body.