Database_PostgreSQL

Complexity

Total Complexity

146

Size/Duplication

Total Lines	1045
Duplicated Lines	16.08 %

Coupling/Cohesion

Components	1
Dependencies	6

Test Coverage

Coverage

53.67%

Importance

Changes

0

31 Methods

Rating	Name	Duplication	Size	Complexity
A	num_fields()	0	4	1
A	data_seek()	0	8	1
A	unescape_string()	0	4	1
A	support_ignore()	0	4	1
A	db_server_version()	0	6	1
A	db_title()	0	4	1
A	db_case_sensitive()	0	4	1
A	_replaceIdentifier()	9	9	2
A	db_server_info()	0	7	1
A	db_client_version()	0	6	1
A	select_db()	0	4	1
B	initiate()	11	29	6
A	fix_prefix()	0	4	1
F	query()	76	211	39
B	affected_rows()	0	9	5
A	insert_id()	0	23	3
A	fetch_row()	14	14	3
A	free_result()	0	5	1
A	num_rows()	0	5	1
B	db_transaction()	0	20	5
A	last_error()	0	8	3
D	error()	12	40	10
F	insert()	8	106	26
C	insert_sql()	24	70	10
D	db_table_sql()	0	99	11
A	db_list_tables()	0	20	3
B	db_backup_table()	0	32	1
A	escape_string()	0	4	1
A	fetch_assoc()	14	14	3
A	db()	0	4	1
A	validConnection()	0	4	1

<?php

/**
 * This file has all the main functions in it that relate to the Postgre database.
 *
 * @name      ElkArte Forum
 * @copyright ElkArte Forum contributors
 * @license   BSD http://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
 *
 * This file contains code covered by:
 * copyright:	2011 Simple Machines (http://www.simplemachines.org)
 * license:  	BSD, See included LICENSE.TXT for terms and conditions.
 *
 * @version 1.1
 *
 */

// Let's define the name of the class so that we will be able to use it in the instantiations
if (!defined('DB_TYPE'))
	define('DB_TYPE', 'PostgreSQL');

/**
 * PostgreSQL database class, implements database class to control mysql functions
 */
class Database_PostgreSQL extends Database_Abstract
{
	/**
	 * Holds current instance of the class
	 * @var Database_PostgreSQL
	 */
	private static $_db = null;

	/**
	 * Holds last query result
	 * @var string
	 */
	private $_db_last_result = null;

	/**
	 * Since PostgreSQL doesn't support INSERT REPLACE we are using this to remember
	 * the rows affected by the delete
	 * @var int
	 */
	private $_db_replace_result = null;

	/**
	 * A variable to remember if a transaction was started already or not
	 * @var boolean
	 */
	private $_in_transaction = false;

	/**
	 * Initializes a database connection.
	 * It returns the connection, if successful.
	 *
	 * @param string $db_server
	 * @param string $db_name
	 * @param string $db_user
	 * @param string $db_passwd
	 * @param string $db_prefix
	 * @param mixed[] $db_options
	 *
	 * @return resource
	 * @throws Elk_Exception
	 */
	public static function initiate($db_server, $db_name, $db_user, $db_passwd, $db_prefix, $db_options = array())

The parameter $db_prefix is not used and could be removed.

	{
		// initialize the instance... if not done already!
		if (self::$_db === null)
			self::$_db = new self();

		if (!empty($db_options['port']))
			$db_port = ' port=' . (int) $db_options['port'];
		else
			$db_port = '';

		if (!empty($db_options['persist']))
			$connection = @pg_pconnect('host=' . $db_server . $db_port . ' dbname=' . $db_name . ' user=\'' . $db_user . '\' password=\'' . $db_passwd . '\'');
		else
			$connection = @pg_connect('host=' . $db_server . $db_port . ' dbname=' . $db_name . ' user=\'' . $db_user . '\' password=\'' . $db_passwd . '\'');

		// Something's wrong, show an error if its fatal (which we assume it is)
		if (!$connection)
		{
			if (!empty($db_options['non_fatal']))
				return null;
			else
				Errors::instance()->display_db_error();
		}

		self::$_db->_connection = $connection;

		return $connection;
	}

	/**
	 * Fix the database prefix if necessary.
	 * Do nothing on postgreSQL
	 *
	 * @param string $db_prefix
	 * @param string $db_name
	 *
	 * @return string
	 */
	public function fix_prefix($db_prefix, $db_name)
	{
		return $db_prefix;
	}

	/**
	 * Do a query.  Takes care of errors too.
	 * Special queries may need additional replacements to be appropriate
	 * for PostgreSQL.
	 *
	 * @param string $identifier
	 * @param string $db_string
	 * @param mixed[] $db_values
	 * @param resource|null $connection
	 *
	 * @return bool|resource|string
	 * @throws Elk_Exception
	 */
	public function query($identifier, $db_string, $db_values = array(), $connection = null)
	{
		global $db_show_debug, $time_start, $modSettings;

		// Decide which connection to use.
		$connection = $connection === null ? $this->_connection : $connection;

		// Special queries that need processing.
		$replacements = array(
			'alter_table' => array(
				'~(.+)~' => '',
			),
			'ban_suggest_error_ips' => array(
				'~RLIKE~' => '~',
				'~\\.~' => '\.',
			),
			'ban_suggest_message_ips' => array(
				'~RLIKE~' => '~',
				'~\\.~' => '\.',
			),
			'consolidate_spider_stats' => array(
				'~MONTH\(log_time\), DAYOFMONTH\(log_time\)~' => 'MONTH(CAST(CAST(log_time AS abstime) AS timestamp)), DAYOFMONTH(CAST(CAST(log_time AS abstime) AS timestamp))',
			),
			'display_get_post_poster' => array(
				'~GROUP BY id_msg\s+HAVING~' => 'AND',
			),
			'attach_download_increase' => array(
				'~LOW_PRIORITY~' => '',
			),
			'boardindex_fetch_boards' => array(
				'~COALESCE\(lb.id_msg, 0\) >= b.id_msg_updated~' => 'CASE WHEN COALESCE(lb.id_msg, 0) >= b.id_msg_updated THEN 1 ELSE 0 END',
			),
			'get_random_number' => array(
				'~RAND~' => 'RANDOM',
			),
			'insert_log_search_topics' => array(
				'~NOT RLIKE~' => '!~',
			),
			'insert_log_search_results_no_index' => array(
				'~NOT RLIKE~' => '!~',
			),
			'insert_log_search_results_subject' => array(
				'~NOT RLIKE~' => '!~',
			),
			'pm_conversation_list' => array(
				'~ORDER\\s+BY\\s+\\{raw:sort\\}~' => 'ORDER BY ' . (isset($db_values['sort']) ? ($db_values['sort'] === 'pm.id_pm' ? 'MAX(pm.id_pm)' : $db_values['sort']) : ''),
			),
			'top_topic_starters' => array(
				'~ORDER BY FIND_IN_SET\(id_member,(.+?)\)~' => 'ORDER BY STRPOS(\',\' || $1 || \',\', \',\' || id_member|| \',\')',
			),
			'unread_replies' => array(
				'~SELECT\\s+DISTINCT\\s+t.id_topic~' => 'SELECT t.id_topic, {raw:sort}',
			),
			'profile_board_stats' => array(
				'~COUNT\(\*\) \/ MAX\(b.num_posts\)~' => 'CAST(COUNT(*) AS DECIMAL) / CAST(b.num_posts AS DECIMAL)',
			),
		);

		if (isset($replacements[$identifier]))
			$db_string = preg_replace(array_keys($replacements[$identifier]), array_values($replacements[$identifier]), $db_string);

		// Limits need to be a little different.
		$db_string = preg_replace('~\sLIMIT\s(\d+|{int:.+}),\s*(\d+|{int:.+})\s*$~i', 'LIMIT $2 OFFSET $1', $db_string);

		if (trim($db_string) == '')
			return false;

		// Comments that are allowed in a query are preg_removed.
		static $allowed_comments_from = array(
			'~\s+~s',
			'~/\*!40001 SQL_NO_CACHE \*/~',
			'~/\*!40000 USE INDEX \([A-Za-z\_]+?\) \*/~',
			'~/\*!40100 ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE id_msg = \d+ \*/~',
		);
		static $allowed_comments_to = array(
			' ',
			'',
			'',
			'',
		);

		// One more query....
		$this->_query_count++;
		$this->_db_replace_result = null;

		if (empty($modSettings['disableQueryCheck']) && strpos($db_string, '\'') !== false && empty($db_values['security_override']))
			$this->error_backtrace('Hacking attempt...', 'Illegal character (\') used in query...', true, __FILE__, __LINE__);

		if (empty($db_values['security_override']) && (!empty($db_values) || strpos($db_string, '{db_prefix}') !== false))
		{
			// Store these values for use in the callback function.
			$this->_db_callback_values = $db_values;
			$this->_db_callback_connection = $connection;

			// Inject the values passed to this function.
			$db_string = preg_replace_callback('~{([a-z_]+)(?::([a-zA-Z0-9_-]+))?}~', array($this, 'replacement__callback'), $db_string);

			// No need for them any longer.
			$this->_db_callback_values = array();
			$this->_db_callback_connection = null;
		}

		// Debugging.
		if ($db_show_debug === true)
		{
			$debug = Debug::instance();

			// Get the file and line number this function was called.
			list ($file, $line) = $this->error_backtrace('', '', 'return', __FILE__, __LINE__);

			if (!empty($_SESSION['debug_redirect']))
			{
				$debug->merge_db($_SESSION['debug_redirect']);
				// @todo this may be off by 1
				$this->_query_count += count($_SESSION['debug_redirect']);
				$_SESSION['debug_redirect'] = array();
			}

			// Don't overload it.
			$st = microtime(true);
			$db_cache = array();
			$db_cache['q'] = $this->_query_count < 50 ? $db_string : '...';
			$db_cache['f'] = $file;
			$db_cache['l'] = $line;
			$db_cache['s'] = $st - $time_start;
		}

		// First, we clean strings out of the query, reduce whitespace, lowercase, and trim - so we can check it over.
		if (empty($modSettings['disableQueryCheck']))
		{
			$clean = '';
			$old_pos = 0;
			$pos = -1;
			while (true)
			{
				$pos = strpos($db_string, '\'', $pos + 1);
				if ($pos === false)
					break;
				$clean .= substr($db_string, $old_pos, $pos - $old_pos);

				while (true)
				{
					$pos1 = strpos($db_string, '\'', $pos + 1);
					$pos2 = strpos($db_string, '\'\'', $pos + 1);

					if ($pos1 === false)
						break;
					elseif ($pos2 === false || $pos2 > $pos1)
					{
						$pos = $pos1;
						break;
					}

					$pos = $pos2 + 1;
				}

				$clean .= ' %s ';
				$old_pos = $pos + 1;
			}

			$clean .= substr($db_string, $old_pos);
			$clean = trim(strtolower(preg_replace($allowed_comments_from, $allowed_comments_to, $clean)));

			// Comments?  We don't use comments in our queries, we leave 'em outside!
			if (strpos($clean, '/*') > 2 || strpos($clean, '--') !== false || strpos($clean, ';') !== false)
				$fail = true;
			// Trying to change passwords, slow us down, or something?
			elseif (strpos($clean, 'sleep') !== false && preg_match('~(^|[^a-z])sleep($|[^[_a-z])~s', $clean) != 0)
				$fail = true;
			elseif (strpos($clean, 'benchmark') !== false && preg_match('~(^|[^a-z])benchmark($|[^[a-z])~s', $clean) != 0)
				$fail = true;

			if (!empty($fail) && class_exists('Errors'))
				$this->error_backtrace('Hacking attempt...', 'Hacking attempt...' . "\n" . $db_string, E_USER_ERROR, __FILE__, __LINE__);

			// If we are updating something, better start a transaction so that indexes may be kept consistent
			if (!$this->_in_transaction && strpos($clean, 'update') !== false)
				$this->db_transaction('begin', $connection);

It seems like $connection defined by $connection === null ? $this->_connection : $connection on line 128 can also be of type object<mysqli>; however, Database_PostgreSQL::db_transaction() does only seem to accept resource|null, maybe add an additional type check?

		}

		$this->_db_last_result = @pg_query($connection, $db_string);

		// @deprecated since 1.1 - use skip_next_error method
		if (!empty($db_values['db_error_skip']))
		{
			$this->_skip_error = true;
		}

		if ($this->_db_last_result === false && !$this->_skip_error)
		{
			$this->error($db_string, $connection);

It seems like $connection defined by $connection === null ? $this->_connection : $connection on line 128 can also be of type object<mysqli>; however, Database_PostgreSQL::error() does only seem to accept resource|null, maybe add an additional type check?

		}

		// Revert not to skip errors
		if ($this->_skip_error === true)
		{
			$this->_skip_error = false;
		}

		if ($this->_in_transaction)
			$this->db_transaction('commit', $connection);

It seems like $connection defined by $connection === null ? $this->_connection : $connection on line 128 can also be of type object<mysqli>; however, Database_PostgreSQL::db_transaction() does only seem to accept resource|null, maybe add an additional type check?

		// Debugging.
		if ($db_show_debug === true)
		{
			$db_cache['t'] = microtime(true) - $st;

The variable $db_cache does not seem to be defined for all execution paths leading up to this point.

The variable $st does not seem to be defined for all execution paths leading up to this point.

			$debug->db_query($db_cache);

The variable $debug does not seem to be defined for all execution paths leading up to this point.

		}

		return $this->_db_last_result;
	}

	/**
	 * Affected rows from previous operation.
	 *
	 * @param resource|null $result
	 */
	public function affected_rows($result = null)
	{
		if ($this->_db_replace_result !== null)
			return $this->_db_replace_result;
		elseif ($result === null && !$this->_db_last_result)
			return 0;

		return pg_affected_rows($result === null ? $this->_db_last_result : $result);
	}

	/**
	 * Last inserted id.
	 *
	 * @param string $table
	 * @param string|null $field = null
	 * @param resource|null $connection = null
	 * @throws Elk_Exception
	 */
	public function insert_id($table, $field = null, $connection = null)
	{
		global $db_prefix;

		$table = str_replace('{db_prefix}', $db_prefix, $table);

		$connection = $connection === null ? $this->_connection : $connection;

		// Try get the last ID for the auto increment field.
		$request = $this->query('', 'SELECT CURRVAL(\'' . $table . '_seq\') AS insertID',
			array(
			),
			$connection

It seems like $connection defined by $connection === null ? $this->_connection : $connection on line 364 can also be of type object<mysqli>; however, Database_PostgreSQL::query() does only seem to accept resource|null, maybe add an additional type check?

		);

		if (!$request)
			return false;

		list ($lastID) = $this->fetch_row($request);

$request is of type boolean|string, but the function expects a resource.

		$this->free_result($request);

$request is of type boolean|string, but the function expects a resource.

		return $lastID;
	}

	/**
	 * Tracking the current row.
	 * Fetch a row from the resultset given as parameter.
	 *
	 * @param resource $request
	 * @param integer|bool $counter = false
	 */
	public function fetch_row($request, $counter = false)
	{
		global $db_row_count;

		if ($counter !== false)
			return pg_fetch_row($request, $counter);

		// Reset the row counter...
		if (!isset($db_row_count[(int) $request]))
			$db_row_count[(int) $request] = 0;

		// Return the right row.
		return @pg_fetch_row($request, $db_row_count[(int) $request]++);
	}

	/**
	 * Free the resultset.
	 *
	 * @param resource $result
	 */
	public function free_result($result)
	{
		// Just delegate to the native function
		pg_free_result($result);
	}

	/**
	 * Get the number of rows in the result.
	 *
	 * @param resource $result
	 */
	public function num_rows($result)
	{
		// simply delegate to the native function
		return pg_num_rows($result);
	}

	/**
	 * Get the number of fields in the resultset.
	 *
	 * @param resource $request
	 */
	public function num_fields($request)
	{
		return pg_num_fields($request);
	}

	/**
	 * Reset the internal result pointer.
	 *
	 * @param boolean $request
	 * @param integer $counter
	 */
	public function data_seek($request, $counter)
	{
		global $db_row_count;

		$db_row_count[(int) $request] = $counter;

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Do a transaction.
	 *
	 * @param string $type - the step to perform (i.e. 'begin', 'commit', 'rollback')
	 * @param resource|null $connection = null
	 */
	public function db_transaction($type = 'commit', $connection = null)
	{
		// Decide which connection to use
		$connection = $connection === null ? $this->_connection : $connection;

		if ($type == 'begin')
		{
			$this->_in_transaction = true;
			return @pg_query($connection, 'BEGIN');
		}
		elseif ($type == 'rollback')
			return @pg_query($connection, 'ROLLBACK');
		elseif ($type == 'commit')
		{
			$this->_in_transaction = false;
			return @pg_query($connection, 'COMMIT');
		}

		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * Return last error string from the database server
	 *
	 * @param resource|null $connection = null
	 */
	public function last_error($connection = null)
	{
		// Decide which connection to use
		$connection = $connection === null ? $this->_connection : $connection;

		if (is_resource($connection))
			return pg_last_error($connection);
	}

	/**
	 * Database error.
	 * Backtrace, log, try to fix.
	 *
	 * @param string        $db_string
	 * @param resource|null $connection = null
	 *
	 * @throws Elk_Exception
	 */
	public function error($db_string, $connection = null)
	{
		global $txt, $context, $modSettings, $db_show_debug;

		// We'll try recovering the file and line number the original db query was called from.
		list ($file, $line) = $this->error_backtrace('', '', 'return', __FILE__, __LINE__);

		// Decide which connection to use
		$connection = $connection === null ? $this->_connection : $connection;

		// This is the error message...
		$query_error = @pg_last_error($connection);

		// Log the error.
		if (class_exists('Errors'))
		{
			Errors::instance()->log_error($txt['database_error'] . ': ' . $query_error . (!empty($modSettings['enableErrorQueryLogging']) ? "\n\n" . $db_string : ''), 'database', $file, $line);
		}

		// Nothing's defined yet... just die with it.
		if (empty($context) || empty($txt))
			die($query_error);

The method error() contains an exit expression.

		// Show an error message, if possible.
		$context['error_title'] = $txt['database_error'];
		if (allowedTo('admin_forum'))
			$context['error_message'] = nl2br($query_error) . '<br />' . $txt['file'] . ': ' . $file . '<br />' . $txt['line'] . ': ' . $line;
		else
			$context['error_message'] = $txt['try_again'];

		// Add database version that we know of, for the admin to know. (and ask for support)
		if (allowedTo('admin_forum'))
			$context['error_message'] .= '<br /><br />' . sprintf($txt['database_error_versions'], $modSettings['elkVersion']);

		if (allowedTo('admin_forum') && $db_show_debug === true)
			$context['error_message'] .= '<br /><br />' . nl2br($db_string);

		// It's already been logged... don't log it again.
		throw new Elk_Exception($context['error_message'], false);
	}

	/**
	 * Insert data.
	 *
	 * @param string $method - options 'replace', 'ignore', 'insert'
	 * @param string $table
	 * @param mixed[] $columns
	 * @param mixed[] $data
	 * @param mixed[] $keys
	 * @param bool $disable_trans = false
	 * @param resource|null $connection = null
	 * @throws Elk_Exception
	 */
	public function insert($method = 'replace', $table, $columns, $data, $keys, $disable_trans = false, $connection = null)
	{
		global $db_prefix;

		$connection = $connection === null ? $this->_connection : $connection;

		// With nothing to insert, simply return.
		if (empty($data))
			return;

		// Inserting data as a single row can be done as a single array.
		if (!is_array($data[array_rand($data)]))
			$data = array($data);

		// Replace the prefix holder with the actual prefix.
		$table = str_replace('{db_prefix}', $db_prefix, $table);

		$priv_trans = false;
		if ((count($data) > 1 || $method == 'replace') && !$this->_in_transaction && !$disable_trans)
		{
			$this->db_transaction('begin', $connection);

It seems like $connection defined by $connection === null ? $this->_connection : $connection on line 558 can also be of type object<mysqli>; however, Database_PostgreSQL::db_transaction() does only seem to accept resource|null, maybe add an additional type check?

			$priv_trans = true;
		}

		// PostgreSQL doesn't support replace: we implement a MySQL-compatible behavior instead
		if ($method == 'replace')
		{
			$count = 0;
			$where = '';
			$db_replace_result = 0;
			foreach ($columns as $columnName => $type)
			{
				// Are we restricting the length?
				if (strpos($type, 'string-') !== false)
					$actualType = sprintf($columnName . ' = SUBSTRING({string:%1$s}, 1, ' . substr($type, 7) . '), ', $count);
				else
					$actualType = sprintf($columnName . ' = {%1$s:%2$s}, ', $type, $count);

				// A key? That's what we were looking for.
				if (in_array($columnName, $keys))
					$where .= (empty($where) ? '' : ' AND ') . substr($actualType, 0, -2);
				$count++;
			}

			// Make it so.
			if (!empty($where) && !empty($data))
			{
				foreach ($data as $k => $entry)
				{
					$this->query('', '
						DELETE FROM ' . $table .
						' WHERE ' . $where,
						$entry, $connection

It seems like $connection defined by $connection === null ? $this->_connection : $connection on line 558 can also be of type object<mysqli>; however, Database_PostgreSQL::query() does only seem to accept resource|null, maybe add an additional type check?

					);
					$db_replace_result += (!$this->_db_last_result ? 0 : pg_affected_rows($this->_db_last_result));
				}
			}
		}

		if (!empty($data))
		{
			// Create the mold for a single row insert.
			$insertData = '(';
			foreach ($columns as $columnName => $type)
			{
				// Are we restricting the length?
				if (strpos($type, 'string-') !== false)
					$insertData .= sprintf('SUBSTRING({string:%1$s}, 1, ' . substr($type, 7) . '), ', $columnName);
				else
					$insertData .= sprintf('{%1$s:%2$s}, ', $type, $columnName);
			}
			$insertData = substr($insertData, 0, -2) . ')';

			// Create an array consisting of only the columns.
			$indexed_columns = array_keys($columns);

			// Here's where the variables are injected to the query.
			$insertRows = array();
			foreach ($data as $dataRow)
				$insertRows[] = $this->quote($insertData, $this->_array_combine($indexed_columns, $dataRow), $connection);

It seems like $connection defined by $connection === null ? $this->_connection : $connection on line 558 can also be of type resource; however, Database_Abstract::quote() does only seem to accept object<mysqli>|object<postgre>|null, maybe add an additional type check?

			$inserted_results = 0;
			$skip_error = $method == 'ignore' || $table === $db_prefix . 'log_errors';
			foreach ($insertRows as $entry)
			{
				$this->_skip_error = $skip_error;

				// Do the insert.
				$this->query('', '
					INSERT INTO ' . $table . '("' . implode('", "', $indexed_columns) . '")
					VALUES
						' . $entry,
					array(
						'security_override' => true,
					),
					$connection

It seems like $connection defined by $connection === null ? $this->_connection : $connection on line 558 can also be of type object<mysqli>; however, Database_PostgreSQL::query() does only seem to accept resource|null, maybe add an additional type check?

				);
				$inserted_results += (!$this->_db_last_result ? 0 : pg_affected_rows($this->_db_last_result));
			}
			if (isset($db_replace_result))
				$this->_db_replace_result = $db_replace_result + $inserted_results;
		}

		if ($priv_trans)
			$this->db_transaction('commit', $connection);

It seems like $connection defined by $connection === null ? $this->_connection : $connection on line 558 can also be of type object<mysqli>; however, Database_PostgreSQL::db_transaction() does only seem to accept resource|null, maybe add an additional type check?

	}

	/**
	 * Unescape an escaped string!
	 *
	 * @param string $string
	 */
	public function unescape_string($string)
	{
		return strtr($string, array('\'\'' => '\''));
	}

	/**
	 * Returns whether the database system supports ignore.
	 *
	 * @return false
	 */
	public function support_ignore()
	{
		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * Gets all the necessary INSERTs for the table named table_name.
	 * It goes in 250 row segments.
	 *
	 * @param string $tableName - the table to create the inserts for.
	 * @param bool $new_table
	 *
	 * @return string the query to insert the data back in, or an empty string if the table was empty.
	 * @throws Elk_Exception
	 */
	public function insert_sql($tableName, $new_table = false)
	{
		global $db_prefix;

		static $start = 0, $num_rows, $fields, $limit;

		if ($new_table)
		{
			$limit = strstr($tableName, 'log_') !== false ? 500 : 250;
			$start = 0;
		}

		$data = '';
		$tableName = str_replace('{db_prefix}', $db_prefix, $tableName);

		// This will be handy...
		$crlf = "\r\n";

		$result = $this->query('', '
			SELECT *
			FROM ' . $tableName . '
			LIMIT ' . $start . ', ' . $limit,
			array(
				'security_override' => true,
			)
		);

		// The number of rows, just for record keeping and breaking INSERTs up.
		$num_rows = $this->num_rows($result);

It seems like $result defined by $this->query('', ' SELECT * FROM ' . $tableName . ' LIMIT ' . $start . ', ' . $limit, array('security_override' => true)) on line 709 can also be of type boolean or string; however, Database_PostgreSQL::num_rows() does only seem to accept resource, maybe add an additional type check?

		if ($num_rows == 0)
			return '';

		if ($new_table)
		{
			$fields = array_keys($this->fetch_assoc($result));

It seems like $result defined by $this->query('', ' SELECT * FROM ' . $tableName . ' LIMIT ' . $start . ', ' . $limit, array('security_override' => true)) on line 709 can also be of type boolean or string; however, Database_PostgreSQL::fetch_assoc() does only seem to accept resource, maybe add an additional type check?

			$this->data_seek($result, 0);

It seems like $result defined by $this->query('', ' SELECT * FROM ' . $tableName . ' LIMIT ' . $start . ', ' . $limit, array('security_override' => true)) on line 709 can also be of type resource or string; however, Database_PostgreSQL::data_seek() does only seem to accept boolean, maybe add an additional type check?

		}

		// Start it off with the basic INSERT INTO.
		$insert_msg = 'INSERT INTO ' . $tableName . $crlf . "\t" . '(' . implode(', ', $fields) . ')' . $crlf . 'VALUES ' . $crlf . "\t";

		// Loop through each row.
		while ($row = $this->fetch_assoc($result))

It seems like $result defined by $this->query('', ' SELECT * FROM ' . $tableName . ' LIMIT ' . $start . ', ' . $limit, array('security_override' => true)) on line 709 can also be of type boolean or string; however, Database_PostgreSQL::fetch_assoc() does only seem to accept resource, maybe add an additional type check?

		{
			// Get the fields in this row...
			$field_list = array();

			foreach ($row as $key => $item)
			{
				// Try to figure out the type of each field. (NULL, number, or 'string'.)
				if (!isset($item))
					$field_list[] = 'NULL';
				elseif (is_numeric($item) && (int) $item == $item)
					$field_list[] = $item;
				else
					$field_list[] = '\'' . $this->escape_string($item) . '\'';
			}

			// 'Insert' the data.
			$data .= $insert_msg . '(' . implode(', ', $field_list) . ');' . $crlf;
		}
		$this->free_result($result);

It seems like $result defined by $this->query('', ' SELECT * FROM ' . $tableName . ' LIMIT ' . $start . ', ' . $limit, array('security_override' => true)) on line 709 can also be of type boolean or string; however, Database_PostgreSQL::free_result() does only seem to accept resource, maybe add an additional type check?

		$data .= $crlf;

		$start += $limit;

		return $data;
	}

	/**
	 * Dumps the schema (CREATE) for a table.
	 *
	 * @param string $tableName - the table
	 *
	 * @return string - the CREATE statement as string
	 * @throws Elk_Exception
	 */
	public function db_table_sql($tableName)
	{
		global $db_prefix;

		$tableName = str_replace('{db_prefix}', $db_prefix, $tableName);

		// This will be needed...
		$crlf = "\r\n";

		// Start the create table...
		$schema_create = 'CREATE TABLE ' . $tableName . ' (' . $crlf;
		$index_create = '';
		$seq_create = '';

		// Find all the fields.
		$result = $this->query('', '
			SELECT column_name, column_default, is_nullable, data_type, character_maximum_length
			FROM information_schema.columns
			WHERE table_name = {string:table}
			ORDER BY ordinal_position',
			array(
				'table' => $tableName,
			)
		);
		while ($row = $this->fetch_assoc($result))

It seems like $result defined by $this->query('', ' SELECT column_name, column_default, is_nullable, data_type, character_maximum_length FROM information_schema.columns WHERE table_name = {string:table} ORDER BY ordinal_position', array('table' => $tableName)) on line 785 can also be of type boolean or string; however, Database_PostgreSQL::fetch_assoc() does only seem to accept resource, maybe add an additional type check?

		{
			if ($row['data_type'] == 'character varying')
				$row['data_type'] = 'varchar';
			elseif ($row['data_type'] == 'character')
				$row['data_type'] = 'char';

			if ($row['character_maximum_length'])
				$row['data_type'] .= '(' . $row['character_maximum_length'] . ')';

			// Make the CREATE for this column.
			$schema_create .= ' "' . $row['column_name'] . '" ' . $row['data_type'] . ($row['is_nullable'] != 'YES' ? ' NOT NULL' : '');

			// Add a default...?
			if (trim($row['column_default']) != '')
			{
				$schema_create .= ' default ' . $row['column_default'] . '';

				// Auto increment?
				if (preg_match('~nextval\(\'(.+?)\'(.+?)*\)~i', $row['column_default'], $matches) != 0)
				{
					// Get to find the next variable first!
					$count_req = $this->query('', '
						SELECT MAX("{raw:column}")
						FROM {raw:table}',
						array(
							'column' => $row['column_name'],
							'table' => $tableName,
						)
					);
					list ($max_ind) = $this->fetch_row($count_req);

It seems like $count_req can also be of type boolean or string; however, Database_PostgreSQL::fetch_row() does only seem to accept resource, maybe add an additional type check?

					$this->free_result($count_req);

It seems like $count_req defined by $this->query('', ' SELECT MAX("{raw:column}") FROM {raw:table}', array('column' => $row['column_name'], 'table' => $tableName)) on line 816 can also be of type boolean or string; however, Database_PostgreSQL::free_result() does only seem to accept resource, maybe add an additional type check?

					// Get the right bloody start!
					$seq_create .= 'CREATE SEQUENCE ' . $matches[1] . ' START WITH ' . ($max_ind + 1) . ';' . $crlf . $crlf;
				}
			}

			$schema_create .= ',' . $crlf;
		}
		$this->free_result($result);

It seems like $result defined by $this->query('', ' SELECT column_name, column_default, is_nullable, data_type, character_maximum_length FROM information_schema.columns WHERE table_name = {string:table} ORDER BY ordinal_position', array('table' => $tableName)) on line 785 can also be of type boolean or string; however, Database_PostgreSQL::free_result() does only seem to accept resource, maybe add an additional type check?

		// Take off the last comma.
		$schema_create = substr($schema_create, 0, -strlen($crlf) - 1);

		$result = $this->query('', '
			SELECT CASE WHEN i.indisprimary THEN 1 ELSE 0 END AS is_primary, pg_get_indexdef(i.indexrelid) AS inddef
			FROM pg_class AS c
				INNER JOIN pg_index AS i ON (i.indrelid = c.oid)
				INNER JOIN pg_class AS c2 ON (c2.oid = i.indexrelid)
			WHERE c.relname = {string:table}',
			array(
				'table' => $tableName,
			)
		);

		while ($row = $this->fetch_assoc($result))

It seems like $result defined by $this->query('', ' SELECT CASE WHEN i.indisprimary THEN 1 ELSE 0 END AS is_primary, pg_get_indexdef(i.indexrelid) AS inddef FROM pg_class AS c INNER JOIN pg_index AS i ON (i.indrelid = c.oid) INNER JOIN pg_class AS c2 ON (c2.oid = i.indexrelid) WHERE c.relname = {string:table}', array('table' => $tableName)) on line 839 can also be of type boolean or string; however, Database_PostgreSQL::fetch_assoc() does only seem to accept resource, maybe add an additional type check?

		{
			if ($row['is_primary'])
			{
				if (preg_match('~\(([^\)]+?)\)~i', $row['inddef'], $matches) == 0)
					continue;

				$index_create .= $crlf . 'ALTER TABLE ' . $tableName . ' ADD PRIMARY KEY ("' . $matches[1] . '");';
			}
			else
				$index_create .= $crlf . $row['inddef'] . ';';
		}
		$this->free_result($result);

It seems like $result defined by $this->query('', ' SELECT CASE WHEN i.indisprimary THEN 1 ELSE 0 END AS is_primary, pg_get_indexdef(i.indexrelid) AS inddef FROM pg_class AS c INNER JOIN pg_index AS i ON (i.indrelid = c.oid) INNER JOIN pg_class AS c2 ON (c2.oid = i.indexrelid) WHERE c.relname = {string:table}', array('table' => $tableName)) on line 839 can also be of type boolean or string; however, Database_PostgreSQL::free_result() does only seem to accept resource, maybe add an additional type check?

		// Finish it off!
		$schema_create .= $crlf . ');';

		return $seq_create . $schema_create . $index_create;
	}

	/**
	 * {@inheritdoc}
	 */
	public function db_list_tables($db_name_str = false, $filter = false)
	{
		$request = $this->query('', '
			SELECT tablename
			FROM pg_tables
			WHERE schemaname = {string:schema_public}' . ($filter === false ? '' : '
				AND tablename LIKE {string:filter}') . '
			ORDER BY tablename',
			array(
				'schema_public' => 'public',
				'filter' => $filter,
			)
		);
		$tables = array();
		while ($row = $this->fetch_row($request))

It seems like $request defined by $this->query('', ' SELECT tablename FROM pg_tables WHERE schemaname = {string:schema_public}' . ($filter === false ? '' : ' AND tablename LIKE {string:filter}') . ' ORDER BY tablename', array('schema_public' => 'public', 'filter' => $filter)) on line 875 can also be of type boolean or string; however, Database_PostgreSQL::fetch_row() does only seem to accept resource, maybe add an additional type check?

			$tables[] = $row[0];
		$this->free_result($request);

It seems like $request defined by $this->query('', ' SELECT tablename FROM pg_tables WHERE schemaname = {string:schema_public}' . ($filter === false ? '' : ' AND tablename LIKE {string:filter}') . ' ORDER BY tablename', array('schema_public' => 'public', 'filter' => $filter)) on line 875 can also be of type boolean or string; however, Database_PostgreSQL::free_result() does only seem to accept resource, maybe add an additional type check?

		return $tables;
	}

	/**
	 * Backup $table to $backup_table.
	 *
	 * @param string $table
	 * @param string $backup_table
	 * @throws Elk_Exception
	 */
	public function db_backup_table($table, $backup_table)
	{
		global $db_prefix;

		$table = str_replace('{db_prefix}', $db_prefix, $table);

		// Do we need to drop it first?
		$db_table = db_table();
		$db_table->db_drop_table($backup_table);

		// @todo Should we create backups of sequences as well?
		$this->query('', '
			CREATE TABLE {raw:backup_table}
			(
				LIKE {raw:table}
				INCLUDING DEFAULTS
			)',
			array(
				'backup_table' => $backup_table,
				'table' => $table,
			)
		);

		$this->query('', '
			INSERT INTO {raw:backup_table}
			SELECT * FROM {raw:table}',
			array(
				'backup_table' => $backup_table,
				'table' => $table,
			)
		);
	}

	/**
	 * Get the server version number.
	 *
	 * @return string - the version
	 */
	public function db_server_version()
	{
		$version = pg_version();

		return $version['server'];
	}

	/**
	 * Get the name (title) of the database system.
	 *
	 * @return string
	 */
	public function db_title()
	{
		return 'PostgreSQL';
	}

	/**
	 * Whether the database system is case sensitive.
	 *
	 * @return boolean
	 */
	public function db_case_sensitive()
	{
		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Quotes identifiers for replacement__callback.
	 *
	 * @param mixed $replacement
	 * @return string
	 * @throws Elk_Exception
	 */
	protected function _replaceIdentifier($replacement)
	{
		if (preg_match('~[a-z_][0-9,a-z,A-Z$_]{0,60}~', $replacement) !== 1)
		{
			$this->error_backtrace('Wrong value type sent to the database. Invalid identifier used. (' . $replacement . ')', '', E_USER_ERROR, __FILE__, __LINE__);
		}

		return '"' . $replacement . '"';
	}

	/**
	 * Escape string for the database input
	 *
	 * @param string $string
	 */
	public function escape_string($string)
	{
		return pg_escape_string($string);
	}

	/**
	 * Fetch next result as association.
	 *
	 * @param resource $request
	 * @param int|bool $counter = false
	 */
	public function fetch_assoc($request, $counter = false)
	{
		global $db_row_count;

		if ($counter !== false)
			return pg_fetch_assoc($request, $counter);

		// Reset the row counter...
		if (!isset($db_row_count[(int) $request]))
			$db_row_count[(int) $request] = 0;

		// Return the right row.
		return @pg_fetch_assoc($request, $db_row_count[(int) $request]++);
	}

	/**
	 * Return server info.
	 *
	 * @return string
	 */
	public function db_server_info()
	{
		// give info on client! we use it in install and upgrade and such things.
		$version = pg_version();

		return $version['client'];
	}

	/**
	 * Return client version.
	 *
	 * @return string - the version
	 */
	public function db_client_version()
	{
		$version = pg_version();

		return $version['client'];
	}

	/**
	 * Dummy function really. Doesn't do anything on PostgreSQL.
	 *
	 * @param string|null $db_name = null
	 * @param resource|null $connection = null
	 *
	 * @return boolean
	 */
	public function select_db($db_name = null, $connection = null)
	{
		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Returns a reference to the existing instance
	 */
	public static function db()
	{
		return self::$_db;
	}

	/**
	 * Finds out if the connection is still valid.
	 *
	 * @param postgre|null $connection = null
	 */
	public function validConnection($connection = null)
	{
		return is_resource($connection);
	}
}