Duplicate code is one of the most pungent code smells. A rule that is often used is to re-structure code once it is duplicated in three or more places.
Common duplication problems, and corresponding solutions are:
Complex classes like TPayload often do a lot of different things. To break such a class down, we need to identify a cohesive component within that class. A common approach to find such a component is to look for fields/methods that share the same prefixes, or suffixes. You can also have a look at the cohesion graph to spot any un-connected, or weakly-connected components.
Once you have determined the fields that belong together, you can apply the Extract Class refactoring. If the component makes sense as a sub-class, Extract Subclass is also a candidate, and is often faster.
While breaking up the class, it is a good idea to analyze how other classes use TPayload, and based on these observations, apply Extract Interface, too.
1 | <?php |
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29 | trait TPayload |
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30 | { |
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31 | use TStrings; |
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32 | |||
33 | /** @var IPayloadFactory */ |
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34 | protected $payloadFactory; |
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35 | /** @var IPayloadMap */ |
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36 | protected $payloadMap; |
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37 | /** @var ISchemaValidator */ |
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38 | protected $schemaValidator; |
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39 | /** @var IValidatorIterator */ |
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40 | protected $validators; |
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41 | /** @var IPayload */ |
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42 | protected $parentPayload; |
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43 | /** @var array XPath expressions to extract required data from the serialized payload (XML) */ |
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44 | protected $extractionPaths = []; |
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45 | /** @var array */ |
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46 | protected $optionalExtractionPaths = []; |
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47 | /** @var array property/XPath pairs that take boolean values */ |
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48 | protected $booleanExtractionPaths = []; |
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49 | /** @var array pair address lines properties with xpaths for extraction */ |
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50 | protected $addressLinesExtractionMap = []; |
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51 | /** @var array extracting node value and assigned the property as DateTime */ |
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52 | protected $datetimeExtractionPaths = []; |
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53 | /** |
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54 | * @var array property/XPath pairs. if property is a payload, first node matched |
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55 | * will be deserialized by that payload |
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56 | */ |
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57 | protected $subpayloadExtractionPaths = []; |
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58 | /** @var LoggerInterface enabled PSR-3 logging */ |
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59 | protected $logger; |
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60 | /** @var bool flag to determine to either serialize empty node not or to serialize empty node. */ |
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61 | protected $isSerializeEmptyNode = true; |
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62 | |||
63 | /** |
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64 | * Fill out this payload object with data from the supplied string. |
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65 | * |
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66 | * @throws Exception\InvalidPayload |
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67 | * @param string $serializedPayload |
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68 | * @return $this |
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69 | */ |
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70 | public function deserialize($serializedPayload) |
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71 | { |
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72 | // make sure we received a valid serialization of the payload. |
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73 | $this->schemaValidate($serializedPayload); |
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74 | $xpath = $this->getPayloadAsXPath($serializedPayload); |
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75 | foreach ($this->extractionPaths as $property => $path) { |
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76 | $this->$property = $xpath->evaluate($path); |
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77 | } |
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78 | // When optional nodes are not included in the serialized data, |
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79 | // they should not be set in the payload. Fortunately, these |
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80 | // are all string values so no additional type conversion is necessary. |
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81 | foreach ($this->optionalExtractionPaths as $property => $path) { |
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82 | $foundNode = $xpath->query($path)->item(0); |
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83 | if ($foundNode) { |
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84 | $this->$property = $foundNode->nodeValue; |
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85 | } |
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86 | } |
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87 | $this->deserializeDatetime($xpath); |
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88 | // boolean values have to be handled specially |
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89 | foreach ($this->booleanExtractionPaths as $property => $path) { |
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90 | $value = $xpath->evaluate($path); |
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91 | $this->$property = $this->convertStringToBoolean($value); |
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92 | } |
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93 | $this->addressLinesFromXPath($xpath); |
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94 | $this->deserializeLineItems($serializedPayload); |
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95 | foreach ($this->subpayloadExtractionPaths as $property => $path) { |
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96 | $foundNode = $xpath->query($path)->item(0); |
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97 | if ($foundNode && $this->$property instanceof IPayload) { |
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98 | $this->$property->deserialize($foundNode->C14N()); |
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99 | } |
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100 | } |
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101 | $this->deserializeExtra($serializedPayload); |
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102 | // payload is only valid if the unserialized data is also valid |
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103 | $this->validate(); |
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104 | return $this; |
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105 | } |
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106 | |||
107 | /** |
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108 | * Validate the serialized data via the schema validator. |
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109 | * @param string $serializedData |
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110 | * @return $this |
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111 | */ |
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112 | protected function schemaValidate($serializedData) |
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113 | { |
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114 | if ($this->schemaValidator) { |
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115 | $this->schemaValidator->validate($serializedData); |
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116 | } |
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117 | return $this; |
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118 | } |
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119 | |||
120 | /** |
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121 | * Load the payload XML into a DOMXPath for querying. |
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122 | * @param string $xmlString |
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123 | * @return \DOMXPath |
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124 | */ |
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125 | protected function getPayloadAsXPath($xmlString) |
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126 | { |
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127 | $xpath = new DOMXPath($this->getPayloadAsDoc($xmlString)); |
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128 | $xpath->registerNamespace('x', $this->getXmlNamespace()); |
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129 | return $xpath; |
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130 | } |
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131 | |||
132 | /** |
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133 | * Load the payload XML into a DOMDocument |
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134 | * @param string $xmlString |
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135 | * @return \DOMDocument |
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136 | */ |
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137 | protected function getPayloadAsDoc($xmlString) |
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138 | { |
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139 | $d = new DOMDocument(); |
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140 | try { |
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141 | $d->loadXML($xmlString); |
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142 | } catch (\Exception $e) { |
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143 | throw $e; |
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144 | } |
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145 | return $d; |
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146 | } |
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147 | |||
148 | /** |
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149 | * Get Line1 through Line4 for an Address |
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150 | * Find all of the nodes in the address node that |
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151 | * start with 'Line' and add their value to the |
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152 | * proper address lines array |
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153 | * |
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154 | * @param \DOMXPath $domXPath |
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155 | */ |
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156 | protected function addressLinesFromXPath(\DOMXPath $domXPath) |
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157 | { |
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158 | foreach ($this->addressLinesExtractionMap as $address) { |
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159 | $lines = $domXPath->query($address['xPath']); |
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160 | $property = $address['property']; |
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161 | $this->$property = $this->addressLinesFromNodeList($lines); |
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162 | } |
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163 | } |
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164 | |||
165 | /** |
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166 | * Get address lines from node list |
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167 | * Return null instead of an empty array |
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168 | * |
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169 | * @param \DOMNodeList |
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170 | * @param string |
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171 | * @return array|null |
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172 | */ |
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173 | protected function addressLinesFromNodeList(\DOMNodeList $lines) |
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174 | { |
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175 | $result = []; |
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176 | foreach ($lines as $line) { |
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177 | $result[] = $line->nodeValue; |
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178 | } |
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179 | return $result ?: null; |
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180 | } |
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181 | |||
182 | /** |
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183 | * Additional deserialization of the payload data. May contain any |
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184 | * special case deserialization that cannot be expressed by the supported |
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185 | * deserialization paths. Default implementation is a no-op. Expected to |
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186 | * be overridden by payloads that need it. |
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187 | * |
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188 | * @param string |
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189 | * @return self |
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190 | * @SuppressWarnings(PHPMD.UnusedFormalParameter) |
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191 | */ |
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192 | protected function deserializeExtra($serializedPayload) |
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196 | |||
197 | /** |
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198 | * convert line item substrings into line item objects |
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199 | * @param string $serializedPayload |
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200 | * @return self |
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201 | * @SuppressWarnings(PHPMD.UnusedFormalParameter) |
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202 | */ |
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203 | protected function deserializeLineItems($serializedPayload) |
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207 | |||
208 | /** |
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209 | * Extract the node and if the value in the node is a non-empty |
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210 | * string value, then assigned the class property to a DateTime object |
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211 | * passing in the extracted value, otherwise assigned it to null. |
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212 | * |
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213 | * @param \DOMXPath $xpath |
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214 | * @return self |
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215 | */ |
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216 | protected function deserializeDatetime(\DOMXPath $xpath) |
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217 | { |
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218 | View Code Duplication | foreach ($this->datetimeExtractionPaths as $property => $path) { |
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219 | $value = $xpath->evaluate($path); |
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220 | $this->$property = $value ? new DateTime($value) : null; |
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221 | } |
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222 | |||
223 | return $this; |
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224 | } |
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225 | |||
226 | /** |
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227 | * Build a new IPayload for the given interface. |
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228 | * |
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229 | * @param string |
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230 | * @return IPayload |
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231 | */ |
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232 | protected function buildPayloadForInterface($interface) |
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233 | { |
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234 | return $this->payloadFactory->buildPayload( |
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235 | $this->payloadMap->getConcreteType($interface), |
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236 | $this->payloadMap, |
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237 | $this, |
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238 | $this->logger |
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239 | ); |
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240 | } |
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241 | |||
242 | /** |
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243 | * Validate that the payload meets the requirements |
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244 | * for transmission. This can be over and above what |
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245 | * is required for serialization. |
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246 | * |
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247 | * @throws Exception\InvalidPayload |
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248 | */ |
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249 | public function validate() |
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250 | { |
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251 | foreach ($this->validators as $validator) { |
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252 | $validator->validate($this); |
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253 | } |
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254 | return $this; |
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255 | } |
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256 | |||
257 | /** |
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258 | * Return the string form of the payload data for transmission. |
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259 | * Validation is implied. |
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260 | * |
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261 | * @throws Exception\InvalidPayload |
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262 | * @return string |
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263 | */ |
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264 | public function serialize() |
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265 | { |
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266 | // validate the payload data |
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267 | $this->validate(); |
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268 | $canonicalXml = ''; |
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269 | $contents = $this->serializeContents(); |
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270 | if ($this->isSerializeEmptyNode || $contents) { |
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271 | $xmlString = sprintf('<%s %s>%s</%1$s>', $this->getRootNodeName(), $this->serializeRootAttributes(), $contents); |
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272 | $canonicalXml = $this->getPayloadAsDoc($xmlString)->C14N(); |
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273 | $this->schemaValidate($canonicalXml); |
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274 | } |
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275 | return $canonicalXml; |
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276 | } |
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277 | |||
278 | public function getParentPayload() |
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282 | |||
283 | protected function getAncestorPayloadOfType($type) |
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284 | { |
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285 | $pl = $this; |
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286 | while ($pl = $pl->getParentPayload()) { |
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287 | if ($pl instanceof $type) { |
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288 | return $pl; |
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289 | } |
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290 | } |
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291 | return null; |
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292 | } |
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293 | |||
294 | /** |
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295 | * Return the name of the xml root node. |
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296 | * |
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297 | * @return string |
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298 | */ |
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299 | abstract protected function getRootNodeName(); |
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300 | |||
301 | /** |
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302 | * Serialize Root Attributes |
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303 | */ |
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304 | protected function serializeRootAttributes() |
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305 | { |
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306 | $rootAttributes = $this->getRootAttributes(); |
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307 | $qualifyAttributes = function ($name) use ($rootAttributes) { |
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308 | return sprintf('%s="%s"', $name, $this->xmlEncode($rootAttributes[$name])); |
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309 | }; |
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310 | $qualifiedAttributes = array_map($qualifyAttributes, array_keys($rootAttributes)); |
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311 | return implode(' ', $qualifiedAttributes); |
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312 | } |
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313 | |||
314 | /** |
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315 | * XML Namespace of the document. |
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316 | * |
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317 | * @return string |
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318 | */ |
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319 | abstract protected function getXmlNamespace(); |
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320 | |||
321 | /** |
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322 | * Name, value pairs of root attributes |
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323 | * |
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324 | * @return array |
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325 | */ |
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326 | protected function getRootAttributes() |
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330 | |||
331 | /** |
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332 | * Serialize the various parts of the payload into XML strings and concatenate them together. |
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333 | * |
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334 | * @return string |
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335 | */ |
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336 | abstract protected function serializeContents(); |
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337 | |||
338 | /** |
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339 | * Serialize the value as an xml element with the given node name. When |
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340 | * given an empty value, returns an empty string instead of an empty |
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341 | * element. |
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342 | * |
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343 | * @param string |
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344 | * @param mixed |
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345 | * @return string |
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346 | */ |
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347 | protected function serializeOptionalValue($nodeName, $value) |
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351 | |||
352 | /** |
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353 | * Serialize the value as an XML attribute with the given name. When |
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354 | * given an empty value, returns an empty string. |
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355 | * |
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356 | * @param string |
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357 | * @param mixed |
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358 | * @return string |
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359 | */ |
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360 | protected function serializeOptionalAttribute($attributeName, $value) |
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364 | |||
365 | /** |
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366 | * Serialize the currency amount as an XML node with the provided name. |
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367 | * When the amount is not set, returns an empty string. |
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368 | * |
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369 | * @param string |
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370 | * @param float |
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371 | * @return string |
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372 | */ |
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373 | protected function serializeOptionalAmount($nodeName, $amount) |
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377 | |||
378 | /** |
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379 | * Serialize an optional date time value. When a DateTime value is given, |
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380 | * serialize the DateTime object as an XML node containing the DateTime |
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381 | * formatted with the given format. When no DateTime is given, return |
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382 | * an empty string. |
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383 | * |
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384 | * @param string |
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385 | * @param string |
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386 | * @param DateTime |
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387 | * @return string |
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388 | */ |
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389 | protected function serializeOptionalDateValue($nodeName, $format, DateTime $date = null) |
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393 | |||
394 | /** |
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395 | * Get a new PayloadFactory instance. |
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396 | * |
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397 | * @return PayloadFactory |
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398 | */ |
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399 | protected function getNewPayloadFactory() |
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403 | |||
404 | /** |
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405 | * Serialize a value with a given name. Value will be XML encoded before |
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406 | * being serialized. |
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407 | * |
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408 | * @param string |
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409 | * @param string |
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410 | * @return string |
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411 | */ |
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412 | protected function serializeXmlEncodedValue($name, $value) |
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416 | |||
417 | /** |
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418 | * Serialize an optional element containing a string. The value will be |
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419 | * xml-encoded if is not null. |
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420 | * |
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421 | * @param string |
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422 | * @param string |
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423 | * @return string |
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424 | */ |
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425 | protected function serializeOptionalXmlEncodedValue($name, $value) |
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429 | |||
430 | /** |
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431 | * serialize a required field to an xml string |
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432 | * |
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433 | * @param string |
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434 | * @param string |
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435 | * @return string |
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436 | */ |
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437 | protected function serializeRequiredValue($name, $value) |
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441 | } |
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442 |
PHP Analyzer performs a side-effects analysis of your code. A side-effect is basically anything that might be visible after the scope of the method is left.
Let’s take a look at an example:
If we look at the
getEmail()
method, we can see that it has no side-effect. Whether you call this method or not, no future calls to other methods are affected by this. As such code as the following is useless:On the hand, if we look at the
setEmail()
, this method _has_ side-effects. In the following case, we could not remove the method call: