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"""Functions for comparing AMDs and PDDs of crystals. |
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""" |
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from typing import List, Tuple, Optional, Union |
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import warnings |
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import numpy as np |
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import scipy.spatial # cdist, pdist, squareform |
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import scipy.optimize # linear_sum_assignment |
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from ._network_simplex import network_simplex |
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from .utils import ETA |
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def EMD( |
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pdd: np.ndarray, |
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pdd_: np.ndarray, |
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metric: Optional[str] = 'chebyshev', |
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return_transport: Optional[bool] = False, |
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**kwargs): |
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r"""Earth mover's distance (EMD) between two PDDs, also known as |
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the Wasserstein metric. |
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Parameters |
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---------- |
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pdd : ndarray |
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PDD of a crystal. |
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pdd\_ : ndarray |
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PDD of a crystal. |
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metric : str or callable, optional |
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EMD between PDDs requires defining a distance between rows of two PDDs. |
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By default, Chebyshev/l-infinity distance is chosen as with AMDs. |
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Can take any metric + ``kwargs`` accepted by |
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``scipy.spatial.distance.cdist``. |
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return_transport: bool, optional |
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Return a tuple (distance, transport_plan) with the optimal transport. |
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Returns |
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------- |
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float |
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Earth mover's distance between PDDs. |
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Raises |
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------ |
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ValueError |
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Thrown if the two PDDs do not have the |
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same number of columns (``k`` value). |
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""" |
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dm = scipy.spatial.distance.cdist(pdd[:, 1:], pdd_[:, 1:], metric=metric, **kwargs) |
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emd_dist, transport_plan = network_simplex(pdd[:, 0], pdd_[:, 0], dm) |
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if return_transport: |
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return emd_dist, transport_plan.reshape(dm.shape) |
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return emd_dist |
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def SDD_EMD(sdd, sdd_, return_transport: Optional[bool] = False): |
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r"""Earth mover's distance (EMD) between two SDDs. |
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Parameters |
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---------- |
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sdd : tuple of ndarrays |
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SDD of a crystal. |
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sdd\_ : tuple of ndarrays |
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SDD of a crystal. |
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return_transport: bool, optional |
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Return a tuple (distance, transport_plan) with the optimal transport. |
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Returns |
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------- |
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float |
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Earth mover's distance between SDDs. |
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Raises |
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------ |
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ValueError |
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Thrown if the two SDDs are not of the same order or do not have the |
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same number of columns (``k`` value). |
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""" |
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dists, dists_ = sdd[2], sdd_[2] |
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# first order SDD, equivalent to PDD |
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if dists.ndim == 2 and dists_.ndim == 2: |
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dm = scipy.spatial.distance.cdist(dists, dists_, metric='chebyshev') |
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emd_dist, transport_plan = network_simplex(sdd[0], sdd_[0], dm) |
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if return_transport: |
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return emd_dist, transport_plan.reshape(dm.shape) |
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return emd_dist |
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order = dists.shape[-1] |
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n, m = len(sdd[0]), len(sdd_[0]) |
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dist_cdist = None |
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if order == 2: |
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dist_cdist = np.abs(sdd[1][:, None] - sdd_[1]) |
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else: |
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dist, dist_ = sdd[1], sdd_[1] |
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# take EMDs between finite PDDs in dist column |
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weights = np.full((order, ), 1 / order) |
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dist_cdist = np.empty((n, m), dtype=np.float64) |
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for i in range(n): |
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for j in range(m): |
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finite_pdd_dm = scipy.spatial.distance.cdist(dist[i], dist_[j], metric='chebyshev') |
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dists_emd, _ = network_simplex(weights, weights, finite_pdd_dm) |
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dist_cdist[i, j] = dists_emd |
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# flatten and compare by linf |
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# flat_dist = dist.reshape((n, order * (order - 1))) |
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# flat_dist_ = dist_.reshape((m, order * (order - 1))) |
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# flat_dist = np.sort(flat_dist, axis=-1) |
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# flat_dist_ = np.sort(flat_dist_, axis=-1) |
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# dist_cdist = scipy.spatial.distance.cdist(flat_dist, flat_dist_, metric='chebyshev') |
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dm = np.empty((n, m), dtype=np.float64) |
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for i in range(n): |
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for j in range(m): |
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cost_matrix = scipy.spatial.distance.cdist(dists[i], dists_[j], metric='chebyshev') |
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row_ind, col_ind = scipy.optimize.linear_sum_assignment(cost_matrix) |
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dm[i, j] = max(np.amax(cost_matrix[row_ind, col_ind]), dist_cdist[i, j]) |
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emd_dist, transport_plan = network_simplex(sdd[0], sdd_[0], dm) |
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if return_transport: |
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return emd_dist, transport_plan.reshape(dm.shape) |
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return emd_dist |
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def AMD_cdist( |
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amds: Union[np.ndarray, List[np.ndarray]], |
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amds_: Union[np.ndarray, List[np.ndarray]], |
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k: Optional[int] = None, |
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metric: str = 'chebyshev', |
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low_memory: bool = False, |
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**kwargs |
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) -> np.ndarray: |
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r"""Compare two sets of AMDs with each other, returning a distance matrix. |
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Parameters |
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---------- |
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amds : array_like |
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A list of AMDs. |
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amds\_ : array_like |
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A list of AMDs. |
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k : int, optional |
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Truncate the AMDs to this value of ``k`` before comparing. |
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low_memory : bool, optional |
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Use a slower but more memory efficient method for |
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large collections of AMDs (Chebyshev/l-inf distance only). |
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metric : str or callable, optional |
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Usually AMDs are compared with the Chebyshev/l-infinity distance. |
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Can take any metric + kwargs accepted by ``scipy.spatial.distance.cdist``. |
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Returns |
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------- |
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ndarray |
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A distance matrix shape ``(len(amds), len(amds_))``. |
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The :math:`ij` th entry is the distance between ``amds[i]`` |
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and ``amds[j]`` given by the ``metric``. |
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""" |
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amds = np.asarray(amds) |
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amds_ = np.asarray(amds_) |
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if len(amds.shape) == 1: |
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amds = np.array([amds]) |
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if len(amds_.shape) == 1: |
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amds_ = np.array([amds_]) |
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if low_memory: |
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if metric != 'chebyshev': |
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warnings.warn("Using only allowed metric 'chebyshev' for low_memory", UserWarning) |
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dm = np.empty((len(amds), len(amds_))) |
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for i, amd_vec in enumerate(amds): |
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dm[i] = np.amax(np.abs(amds_ - amd_vec), axis=-1) |
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else: |
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dm = scipy.spatial.distance.cdist(amds[:, :k], amds_[:, :k], metric=metric, **kwargs) |
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return dm |
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def AMD_pdist( |
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amds: Union[np.ndarray, List[np.ndarray]], |
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k: Optional[int] = None, |
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low_memory: bool = False, |
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metric: str = 'chebyshev', |
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**kwargs |
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) -> np.ndarray: |
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"""Compare a set of AMDs pairwise, returning a condensed distance matrix. |
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Parameters |
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---------- |
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amds : array_like |
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An array/list of AMDs. |
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k : int, optional |
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If :const:`None`, compare whole AMDs (largest ``k``). Set ``k`` |
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to an int to compare for a specific ``k`` (less than the maximum). |
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low_memory : bool, optional |
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Optionally use a slightly slower but more memory efficient method for |
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large collections of AMDs (Chebyshev/l-inf distance only). |
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metric : str or callable, optional |
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Usually AMDs are compared with the Chebyshev/l-infinity distance. |
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Can take any metric + kwargs accepted by ``scipy.spatial.distance.cdist``. |
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Returns |
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------- |
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ndarray |
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Returns a condensed distance matrix. Collapses a square distance |
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matrix into a vector just keeping the upper half. Use |
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``scipy.spatial.distance.squareform`` to convert to a square distance matrix. |
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""" |
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amds = np.asarray(amds) |
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if len(amds.shape) == 1: |
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amds = np.array([amds]) |
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if low_memory: |
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m = len(amds) |
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if metric != 'chebyshev': |
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warnings.warn("Using only allowed metric 'chebyshev' for low_memory", UserWarning) |
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cdm = np.empty((m * (m - 1)) // 2, dtype=np.double) |
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ind = 0 |
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for i in range(m): |
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ind_ = ind + m - i - 1 |
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cdm[ind:ind_] = np.amax(np.abs(amds[i+1:] - amds[i]), axis=-1) |
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ind = ind_ |
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else: |
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cdm = scipy.spatial.distance.pdist(amds[:, :k], metric=metric, **kwargs) |
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return cdm |
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def PDD_cdist( |
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pdds: List[np.ndarray], |
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pdds_: List[np.ndarray], |
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k: Optional[int] = None, |
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metric: str = 'chebyshev', |
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verbose: bool = False, |
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**kwargs |
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) -> np.ndarray: |
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r"""Compare two sets of PDDs with each other, returning a distance matrix. |
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Parameters |
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---------- |
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pdds : list of ndarrays |
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A list of PDDs. |
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pdds\_ : list of ndarrays |
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A list of PDDs. |
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k : int, optional |
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If :const:`None`, compare whole PDDs (largest ``k``). Set ``k`` to |
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an int to compare for a specific ``k`` (less than the maximum). |
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metric : str or callable, optional |
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Usually PDD rows are compared with the Chebyshev/l-infinity distance. |
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Can take any metric + kwargs accepted by |
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``scipy.spatial.distance.cdist``. |
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verbose : bool, optional |
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Optionally print an ETA to terminal as large collections can take |
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some time. |
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Returns |
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------- |
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ndarray |
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Returns a distance matrix shape ``(len(pdds), len(pdds_))``. |
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The :math:`ij` th entry is the distance between ``pdds[i]`` |
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and ``pdds_[j]`` given by Earth mover's distance. |
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""" |
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if isinstance(pdds, np.ndarray): |
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if len(pdds.shape) == 2: |
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pdds = [pdds] |
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if isinstance(pdds_, np.ndarray): |
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if len(pdds_.shape) == 2: |
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pdds_ = [pdds_] |
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n, m = len(pdds), len(pdds_) |
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t = None if k is None else k + 1 |
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dm = np.empty((n, m)) |
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if verbose: |
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eta = ETA(n * m) |
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for i in range(n): |
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pdd = pdds[i] |
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for j in range(m): |
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dm[i, j] = EMD(pdd[:, :t], pdds_[j][:, :t], metric=metric, **kwargs) |
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if verbose: |
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eta.update() |
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return dm |
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def PDD_pdist( |
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pdds: List[np.ndarray], |
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k: Optional[int] = None, |
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metric: str = 'chebyshev', |
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verbose: bool = False, |
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**kwargs |
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) -> np.ndarray: |
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"""Compare a set of PDDs pairwise, returning a condensed distance matrix. |
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Parameters |
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---------- |
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pdds : list of ndarrays |
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A list of PDDs. |
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k : int, optional |
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If :const:`None`, compare whole PDDs (largest ``k``). Set ``k`` to an int |
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to compare for a specific ``k`` (less than the maximum). |
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metric : str or callable, optional |
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Usually PDD rows are compared with the Chebyshev/l-infinity distance. |
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Can take any metric + kwargs accepted by ``scipy.spatial.distance.cdist``. |
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verbose : bool, optional |
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320
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Optionally print an ETA to terminal as large collections can take |
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321
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some time. |
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323
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Returns |
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------- |
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ndarray |
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Returns a condensed distance matrix. Collapses a square |
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distance matrix into a vector just keeping the upper half. Use |
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328
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``scipy.spatial.distance.squareform`` to convert to a square |
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distance matrix. |
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""" |
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if isinstance(pdds, np.ndarray): |
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if len(pdds.shape) == 2: |
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pdds = [pdds] |
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336
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m = len(pdds) |
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t = None if k is None else k + 1 |
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cdm = np.empty((m * (m - 1)) // 2, dtype=np.double) |
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if verbose: |
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eta = ETA((m * (m - 1)) // 2) |
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inds = ((i, j) for i in range(0, m - 1) for j in range(i + 1, m)) |
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343
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for r, (i, j) in enumerate(inds): |
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cdm[r] = EMD(pdds[i][:, :t], pdds[j][:, :t], metric=metric, **kwargs) |
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if verbose: |
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eta.update() |
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347
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348
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return cdm |
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350
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351
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def emd( |
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pdd: np.ndarray, |
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pdd_: np.ndarray, |
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metric: Optional[str] = 'chebyshev', |
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355
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return_transport: Optional[bool] = False, |
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356
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**kwargs): |
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"""Alias for amd.emd().""" |
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return EMD(pdd, pdd_, metric=metric, return_transport=return_transport, **kwargs) |
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360
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361
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def PDD_cdist_AMD_filter( |
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n: int, |
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363
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pdds: List[np.ndarray], |
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pdds_: Optional[List[np.ndarray]] = None, |
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k: Optional[int] = None, |
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low_memory: bool = False, |
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metric: str = 'chebyshev', |
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verbose: bool = False, |
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**kwargs |
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) -> Tuple[np.ndarray, np.ndarray]: |
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r"""For each item in ``pdds``, get the ``n`` nearest items in ``pdds_`` by AMD, |
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then compare references to these nearest items with PDDs. |
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Tries to comprimise between the speed of AMDs and the accuracy of PDDs. |
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374
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375
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If ``pdds_`` is :const:`None`, this essentially sets ``pdds_ = pdds``, i.e. |
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376
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do an 'AMD neighbourhood graph' for one set whose weights are PDD distances. |
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377
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378
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Parameters |
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379
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---------- |
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380
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n : int |
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381
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Number of nearest neighbours to find. |
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382
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pdds : list of ndarrays |
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383
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A list of PDDs. |
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384
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pdds\_ : list of ndarrays, optional |
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385
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A list of PDDs. |
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386
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k : int, optional |
|
387
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If :const:`None`, compare entire PDDs. Set ``k`` to an int |
|
388
|
|
|
to compare for a specific ``k`` (less than the maximum). |
|
389
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|
low_memory : bool, optional |
|
390
|
|
|
Optionally use a slightly slower but more memory efficient method for |
|
391
|
|
|
large collections of AMDs (Chebyshev/l-inf distance only). |
|
392
|
|
|
metric : str or callable, optional |
|
393
|
|
|
Usually PDD rows are compared with the Chebyshev/l-infinity distance. |
|
394
|
|
|
Can take any metric + kwargs accepted by ``scipy.spatial.distance.cdist``. |
|
395
|
|
|
verbose : bool, optional |
|
396
|
|
|
Optionally print an ETA to terminal as large collections can take some time. |
|
397
|
|
|
|
|
398
|
|
|
Returns |
|
399
|
|
|
------- |
|
400
|
|
|
tuple of ndarrays (distance_matrix, indices) |
|
401
|
|
|
For the :math:`i` th item in reference and some :math:`j<n`, |
|
402
|
|
|
``distance_matrix[i][j]`` is the distance from reference i to its j-th |
|
403
|
|
|
nearest neighbour in comparison (after the AMD filter). |
|
404
|
|
|
``indices[i][j]`` is the index of said neighbour in ``pdds_``. |
|
405
|
|
|
""" |
|
406
|
|
|
|
|
407
|
|
|
metric_kwargs = {'metric': metric, **kwargs} |
|
408
|
|
|
kwargs = {'k': k, 'metric': metric, **kwargs} |
|
409
|
|
|
|
|
410
|
|
|
comparison_set_size = len(pdds) if pdds_ is None else len(pdds_) |
|
411
|
|
|
|
|
412
|
|
|
if n >= comparison_set_size: |
|
413
|
|
|
|
|
414
|
|
|
if pdds_ is None: |
|
415
|
|
|
pdd_cdm = PDD_pdist(pdds, verbose=verbose, **kwargs) |
|
416
|
|
|
dm = scipy.spatial.distance.squareform(pdd_cdm) |
|
417
|
|
|
else: |
|
418
|
|
|
dm = PDD_cdist(pdds, pdds_, verbose=verbose, **kwargs) |
|
419
|
|
|
|
|
420
|
|
|
inds = np.argsort(dm, axis=-1) |
|
421
|
|
|
dm = np.take_along_axis(dm, inds, axis=-1) |
|
422
|
|
|
return dm, inds |
|
423
|
|
|
|
|
424
|
|
|
amds = np.array([np.average(pdd[:, 1:], weights=pdd[:, 0], axis=0)[:k] |
|
425
|
|
|
for pdd in pdds]) |
|
426
|
|
|
|
|
427
|
|
|
# one set, pairwise |
|
428
|
|
|
if pdds_ is None: |
|
429
|
|
|
pdds_ = pdds |
|
430
|
|
|
if low_memory: |
|
431
|
|
|
if metric != 'chebyshev': |
|
432
|
|
|
warnings.warn( |
|
433
|
|
|
"Using only allowed metric 'chebyshev' for low_memory", |
|
434
|
|
|
UserWarning) |
|
435
|
|
|
if verbose: |
|
436
|
|
|
eta = ETA(len(amds)) |
|
437
|
|
|
inds = [] |
|
438
|
|
|
for i, amd_vec in enumerate(amds): |
|
439
|
|
|
dists = np.amax(np.abs(amds - amd_vec), axis=-1) |
|
440
|
|
|
inds_row = np.argpartition(dists, n+1)[:n+1] |
|
441
|
|
|
inds_row = inds_row[inds_row != i][:n] |
|
442
|
|
|
inds.append(inds_row) |
|
443
|
|
|
if verbose: |
|
444
|
|
|
eta.update() |
|
|
|
|
|
|
445
|
|
|
inds = np.array(inds) |
|
446
|
|
|
else: |
|
447
|
|
|
amd_cdm = AMD_pdist(amds, **kwargs) |
|
448
|
|
|
amd_dm = scipy.spatial.distance.squareform(amd_cdm) |
|
449
|
|
|
inds = [] |
|
450
|
|
|
for i, row in enumerate(amd_dm): |
|
451
|
|
|
inds_row = np.argpartition(row, n+1)[:n+1] |
|
452
|
|
|
inds_row = inds_row[inds_row != i][:n] |
|
453
|
|
|
inds.append(inds_row) |
|
454
|
|
|
inds = np.array(inds) |
|
455
|
|
|
|
|
456
|
|
|
# one set v another |
|
457
|
|
|
else: |
|
458
|
|
|
amds_ = np.array([np.average(pdd[:, 1:], weights=pdd[:, 0], axis=0)[:k] |
|
459
|
|
|
for pdd in pdds_]) |
|
460
|
|
|
if low_memory: |
|
461
|
|
|
if metric != 'chebyshev': |
|
462
|
|
|
warnings.warn( |
|
463
|
|
|
"Using only allowed metric 'chebyshev' for low_memory", |
|
464
|
|
|
UserWarning) |
|
465
|
|
|
if verbose: |
|
466
|
|
|
eta = ETA(len(amds) * len(amds_)) |
|
467
|
|
|
inds = [] |
|
468
|
|
|
for i, amd_vec in enumerate(amds): |
|
469
|
|
|
row = np.amax(np.abs(amds_ - amd_vec), axis=-1) |
|
470
|
|
|
inds.append(np.argpartition(row, n)[:n]) |
|
471
|
|
|
if verbose: |
|
472
|
|
|
eta.update() |
|
473
|
|
|
else: |
|
474
|
|
|
amd_dm = AMD_cdist(amds, amds_, low_memory=low_memory, **kwargs) |
|
475
|
|
|
inds = np.array([np.argpartition(row, n)[:n] for row in amd_dm]) |
|
476
|
|
|
|
|
477
|
|
|
dm = np.empty(inds.shape) |
|
478
|
|
|
if verbose: |
|
479
|
|
|
eta = ETA(inds.shape[0] * inds.shape[1]) |
|
480
|
|
|
t = None if k is None else k + 1 |
|
481
|
|
|
|
|
482
|
|
|
for i, row in enumerate(inds): |
|
483
|
|
|
for i_, j in enumerate(row): |
|
484
|
|
|
dm[i, i_] = EMD(pdds[i][:, :t], pdds_[j][:, :t], **metric_kwargs) |
|
485
|
|
|
if verbose: |
|
486
|
|
|
eta.update() |
|
487
|
|
|
|
|
488
|
|
|
sorted_inds = np.argsort(dm, axis=-1) |
|
489
|
|
|
inds = np.take_along_axis(inds, sorted_inds, axis=-1) |
|
490
|
|
|
dm = np.take_along_axis(dm, sorted_inds, axis=-1) |
|
491
|
|
|
|
|
492
|
|
|
return dm, inds |
|
493
|
|
|
|