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                <?php  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                namespace Cpliakas\ManifestPublisher\Target;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                use Cpliakas\ManifestPublisher\Repository;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                use Cpliakas\ManifestPublisher\Traits as Traits;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                class GitHub implements TargetInterface  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    use Traits\HttpClient;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    use Traits\Directories;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    /**  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * {@inheritDoc} | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     */  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    public function downloadPhar(Repository $repository, $version, $overwrite = false)  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        if (!$url = $this->getPharUrl($repository, $version)) { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            return false;  | 
            
                            
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                        }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $directory = $this->getPharDirectory($repository, $version);  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $filepath  = $directory . '/' . basename($url);  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        try { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            $this->downloadFile($url, $filepath, $overwrite);  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        } catch (\RuntimeException $e) { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            return false;  | 
            
                            
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                        }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        return $filepath;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    /**  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * {@inheritdoc} | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                                                                
            
                                    
            
            
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                     */  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    public function getPharUrl(Repository $repository, $version)  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    { | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        if ($filename = $repository->getPharFilename($version)) { | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            return 'https://github.com/' . $repository . '/releases/download/' . $version . '/' . $filename;  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        } else { | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            return false;  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        }  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    /**  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * {@inheritDoc} | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     *  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * Publishes the manifest to GitHub pages.  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     */  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    public function publishManifest(Repository $repository, $json)  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $git = $this->checkoutGitHubPages($repository);  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        file_put_contents($git->getDirectory() . '/manifest.json', $json . PHP_EOL);  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $git->add('manifest.json'); | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        if ($git->hasChanges()) { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            $git  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                                ->commit('Manifest published by the cpliakas/manifest-publisher tool') | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                                ->push()  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            ;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    /**  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * @param Repository $repository  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     *  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * @return \GitWrapper\GitWorkingCopy  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     */  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    public function checkoutGitHubPages(Repository $repository)  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $isProjectPage = !preg_match('#\.github\.io$#', $repository->getPackageName()); | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $branch = $isProjectPage ? 'gh-pages' : 'master';  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $directory = $this->getGitHubPagesDirectory($repository);  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $git = $repository->getGitWrapper()->workingCopy($directory);  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        if (!$git->isCloned()) { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            $git->clone('[email protected]:' . $repository . '.git'); | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $git  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            ->checkout($branch)  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            ->pull()  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        ;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        return $git;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    /**  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * @param Repository $repository  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     *  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * @return string  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     */  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    public function getGitHubPagesDirectory(Repository $repository)  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        return $this->getBaseDirectory() . '/gh-pages/' . $repository;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                                                                
            
                                    
            
            
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                }  | 
            
            
                                                        
            
                                    
            
            
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If you return a value from a function or method, it should be a sub-type of the type that is given by the parent type f.e. an interface, or abstract method. This is more formally defined by the Lizkov substitution principle, and guarantees that classes that depend on the parent type can use any instance of a child type interchangably. This principle also belongs to the SOLID principles for object oriented design.
Let’s take a look at an example:
Our function
my_functionexpects aPostobject, and outputs the author of the post. The base classPostreturns a simple string and outputting a simple string will work just fine. However, the child classBlogPostwhich is a sub-type ofPostinstead decided to return anobject, and is therefore violating the SOLID principles. If aBlogPostwere passed tomy_function, PHP would not complain, but ultimately fail when executing thestrtouppercall in its body.