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"""A simple multi-step wizard that uses the flask application session. |
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Creating multi-step forms of arbitrary length is simple and intuitive. |
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Example usage: |
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``` |
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from flask.ext.wtf import FlaskForm |
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class MultiStepTest1(FlaskForm): |
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field1 = StringField(validators=[validators.DataRequired()],) |
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field2 = StringField(validators=[validators.DataRequired()],) |
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class MultiStepTest2(FlaskForm): |
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field3 = StringField(validators=[validators.DataRequired()],) |
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field4 = StringField(validators=[validators.DataRequired()],) |
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class MyCoolForm(MultiStepWizard): |
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__forms__ = [ |
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MultiStepTest1, |
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MultiStepTest2, |
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] |
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``` |
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""" |
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from flask import session |
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from flask_wtf import FlaskForm |
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class MultiStepWizard(FlaskForm): |
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"""Generates a multi-step wizard. |
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The wizard uses the app specified session backend to store both |
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form data and current step. |
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TODO: make sure all the expected features of the typical form |
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are exposed here, but automatically determining the active form |
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and deferring to it. See __iter__ and data for examples. |
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""" |
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__forms__ = [] |
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def __iter__(self): |
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"""Get the specific forms' fields for standard WTForm iteration.""" |
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_, form = self.get_active() |
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return form.__iter__() |
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def __len__(self): |
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"""Override the len method to emulate standard wtforms.""" |
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return len(self.__forms) |
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def __getitem__(self, key): |
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"""Override getitem to emulate standard wtforms.""" |
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return self.active_form.__getitem__(key) |
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def __contains__(self, item): |
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"""Override contains to emulate standard wtforms.""" |
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return self.active_form.__contains__(item) |
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def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): |
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"""Do all the required setup for managing the forms.""" |
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super(MultiStepWizard, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs) |
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# Store the name and session key by a user specified kwarg, |
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# or fall back to this class name. |
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self.name = kwargs.get('session_key', self.__class__.__name__) |
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# Get the sessions' current step if it exists. |
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curr_step = session.get(self.name, {}).get('curr_step', 1) |
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# if the user specified a step, we'll use that instead. Form validation |
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# will still occur, but this is useful for when the user may need |
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# to go back a step or more. |
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if 'curr_step' in kwargs: |
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curr_step = int(kwargs.pop('curr_step')) |
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if curr_step > len(self.__forms__): |
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curr_step = 1 |
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self.step = curr_step |
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# Store forms in a dunder because we want to avoid conflicts |
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# with any WTForm objects or third-party libs. |
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self.__forms = [] |
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self._setup_session() |
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self._populate_forms() |
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invalid_forms_msg = 'Something happened during form population.' |
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assert len(self.__forms) == len(self.__forms__), invalid_forms_msg |
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assert len(self.__forms) > 0, 'Need at least one form!' |
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self.active_form = self.get_active()[1] |
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# Inject the required fields for the active form. |
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# The multiform class will always be instantiated once |
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# on account of separate POST requests, and so the previous form |
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# values will no longer be attributes to be concerned with. |
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self._setfields() |
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def _setfields(self): |
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"""Dynamically set fields for this particular form step.""" |
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_, form = self.get_active() |
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for name, val in vars(form).items(): |
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if repr(val).startswith('<UnboundField'): |
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setattr(self, name, val) |
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def alldata(self, combine_fields=False, flush_after=False): |
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"""Get the specific forms data.""" |
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_alldata = dict() |
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# Get all session data, combine if specified, |
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# and delete session if specified. |
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if self.name in session: |
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_alldata = session[self.name].get('data') |
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if combine_fields: |
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combined = dict() |
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for formname, data in _alldata.items(): |
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if data is not None: |
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combined.update(data) |
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_alldata = combined |
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if flush_after: |
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self.flush() |
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return _alldata |
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@property |
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def data(self): |
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"""Get the specific forms data.""" |
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_, form = self.get_active() |
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return form.data |
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@property |
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def forms(self): |
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"""Get all forms.""" |
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return self.__forms |
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def _setup_session(self): |
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"""Setup session placeholders for later use.""" |
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# We will populate these values as the form progresses, |
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# but only if it doesn't already exist from a previous step. |
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if self.name not in session: |
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session[self.name] = dict( |
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curr_step=self.curr_step, |
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data={f.__name__: None for f in self.__forms__}) |
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def _populate_forms(self): |
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"""Populate all forms with existing data for validation. |
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This will only be done if the session data exists for a form. |
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""" |
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# We've already populated these forms, don't do it again. |
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if len(self.__forms) > 0: |
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return |
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for form in self.__forms__: |
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data = session[self.name]['data'].get(form.__name__) |
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init_form = form(**data) if data is not None else form() |
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self.__forms.append(init_form) |
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def _update_session_formdata(self, form): |
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"""Update session data for a given form key.""" |
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# Add data to session for this current form! |
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name = form.__class__.__name__ |
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data = form.data |
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# Update the session data for this particular form step. |
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# The policy here is to always clobber old data. |
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session[self.name]['data'][name] = data |
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@property |
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def active_name(self): |
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"""Return the nice name of this form class.""" |
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return self.active_form.__class__.__name__ |
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def next_step(self): |
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"""Set the step number in the session to the next value.""" |
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next_step = session[self.name]['curr_step'] + 1 |
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self.curr_step = next_step |
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if self.name in session: |
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session[self.name]['curr_step'] += 1 |
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@property |
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def step(self): |
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"""Get the current step.""" |
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if self.name in session: |
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return session[self.name]['curr_step'] |
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@step.setter |
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def step(self, step_val): |
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"""Set the step number in the session.""" |
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self.curr_step = step_val |
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if self.name in session: |
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session[self.name]['curr_step'] = step_val |
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def validate_on_submit(self, *args, **kwargs): |
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"""Override validator and setup session updates for persistence.""" |
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# Update the step to the next form automagically for the user |
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step, form = self.get_active() |
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self._update_session_formdata(form) |
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if not form.validate_on_submit(): |
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self.step = step - 1 |
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return False |
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# Update to next form if applicable. |
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if step - 1 < len(self.__forms): |
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self.curr_step += 1 |
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self.active_form = self.__forms[self.curr_step - 1] |
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self.next_step() |
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# Mark the current step as -1 to indicate it has been |
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# fully completed, if the current step is the final step. |
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elif step - 1 == len(self.__forms): |
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self.step = -1 |
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return True |
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@property |
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def remaining(self): |
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"""Get the number of steps remaining.""" |
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return len(self.__forms[self.curr_step:]) + 1 |
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@property |
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def total_steps(self): |
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"""Get the number of steps for this form in a (non-zero index).""" |
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return len(self.__forms) |
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@property |
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def steps(self): |
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"""Get a list of the steps for iterating in views, html, etc.""" |
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return range(1, self.total_steps + 1) |
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def get_active(self): |
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"""Get active step.""" |
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form_index = self.curr_step - 1 if self.curr_step > 0 else 0 |
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return self.curr_step + 1, self.__forms[form_index] |
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def flush(self): |
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"""Clear data and reset.""" |
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del session[self.name] |
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def is_complete(self): |
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"""Determine if all forms have been completed.""" |
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if self.name not in session: |
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return False |
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# Make the current step index something unique for being "complete" |
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completed = self.step == -1 |
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if completed: |
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# Reset. |
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self.curr_step = 1 |
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return completed |
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