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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- |
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# Copyright 2014-2018 by Christopher C. Little. |
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# This file is part of Abydos. |
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# |
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# Abydos is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify |
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# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by |
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# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or |
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# (at your option) any later version. |
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# |
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# Abydos is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, |
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# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of |
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# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the |
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# GNU General Public License for more details. |
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# |
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# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License |
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# along with Abydos. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. |
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"""abydos.distance._ratcliff_obershelp. |
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Ratcliff-Obershelp similarity |
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""" |
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from __future__ import ( |
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absolute_import, |
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division, |
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print_function, |
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unicode_literals, |
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) |
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from numpy import int as np_int |
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from numpy import zeros as np_zeros |
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from six.moves import range |
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from ._distance import _Distance |
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__all__ = [ |
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'RatcliffObershelp', |
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'dist_ratcliff_obershelp', |
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'sim_ratcliff_obershelp', |
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] |
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class RatcliffObershelp(_Distance): |
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"""Ratcliff-Obershelp similarity. |
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This follows the Ratcliff-Obershelp algorithm :cite:`Ratcliff:1988` to |
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derive a similarity measure: |
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1. Find the length of the longest common substring in src & tar. |
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2. Recurse on the strings to the left & right of each this substring |
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in src & tar. The base case is a 0 length common substring, in which |
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case, return 0. Otherwise, return the sum of the current longest |
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common substring and the left & right recursed sums. |
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3. Multiply this length by 2 and divide by the sum of the lengths of |
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src & tar. |
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Cf. |
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http://www.drdobbs.com/database/pattern-matching-the-gestalt-approach/184407970 |
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""" |
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def sim(self, src, tar): |
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"""Return the Ratcliff-Obershelp similarity of two strings. |
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Parameters |
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---------- |
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src : str |
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Source string for comparison |
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tar : str |
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Target string for comparison |
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Returns |
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------- |
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float |
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Ratcliff-Obershelp similarity |
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Examples |
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-------- |
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>>> cmp = RatcliffObershelp() |
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>>> round(cmp.sim('cat', 'hat'), 12) |
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0.666666666667 |
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>>> round(cmp.sim('Niall', 'Neil'), 12) |
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0.666666666667 |
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>>> round(cmp.sim('aluminum', 'Catalan'), 12) |
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0.4 |
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>>> cmp.sim('ATCG', 'TAGC') |
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0.5 |
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""" |
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def _lcsstr_stl(src, tar): |
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"""Return start positions & length for Ratcliff-Obershelp. |
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Parameters |
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---------- |
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src : str |
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Source string for comparison |
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tar : str |
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Target string for comparison |
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Returns |
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------- |
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tuple |
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The start position in the source string, start position in the |
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target string, and length of the longest common substring of |
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strings src and tar. |
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""" |
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lengths = np_zeros((len(src) + 1, len(tar) + 1), dtype=np_int) |
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longest, src_longest, tar_longest = 0, 0, 0 |
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for i in range(1, len(src) + 1): |
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for j in range(1, len(tar) + 1): |
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if src[i - 1] == tar[j - 1]: |
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lengths[i, j] = lengths[i - 1, j - 1] + 1 |
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if lengths[i, j] > longest: |
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longest = lengths[i, j] |
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src_longest = i |
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tar_longest = j |
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else: |
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lengths[i, j] = 0 |
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return src_longest - longest, tar_longest - longest, longest |
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def _sstr_matches(src, tar): |
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"""Return the sum of substring match lengths. |
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This follows the Ratcliff-Obershelp algorithm |
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:cite:`Ratcliff:1988`: |
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1. Find the length of the longest common substring in src & |
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tar. |
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2. Recurse on the strings to the left & right of each this |
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substring in src & tar. |
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3. Base case is a 0 length common substring, in which case, |
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return 0. |
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4. Return the sum. |
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Parameters |
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---------- |
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src : str |
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Source string for comparison |
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tar : str |
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Target string for comparison |
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Returns |
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------- |
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int |
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Sum of substring match lengths |
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""" |
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src_start, tar_start, length = _lcsstr_stl(src, tar) |
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if length == 0: |
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return 0 |
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return ( |
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_sstr_matches(src[:src_start], tar[:tar_start]) |
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+ length |
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+ _sstr_matches( |
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src[src_start + length :], tar[tar_start + length :] |
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) |
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) |
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if src == tar: |
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return 1.0 |
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elif not src or not tar: |
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return 0.0 |
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return 2 * _sstr_matches(src, tar) / (len(src) + len(tar)) |
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def sim_ratcliff_obershelp(src, tar): |
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"""Return the Ratcliff-Obershelp similarity of two strings. |
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This is a wrapper for :py:meth:`RatcliffObershelp.sim`. |
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Parameters |
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---------- |
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src : str |
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Source string for comparison |
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tar : str |
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Target string for comparison |
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Returns |
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------- |
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float |
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Ratcliff-Obershelp similarity |
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Examples |
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-------- |
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>>> round(sim_ratcliff_obershelp('cat', 'hat'), 12) |
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0.666666666667 |
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>>> round(sim_ratcliff_obershelp('Niall', 'Neil'), 12) |
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0.666666666667 |
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>>> round(sim_ratcliff_obershelp('aluminum', 'Catalan'), 12) |
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0.4 |
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>>> sim_ratcliff_obershelp('ATCG', 'TAGC') |
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0.5 |
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""" |
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return RatcliffObershelp().sim(src, tar) |
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def dist_ratcliff_obershelp(src, tar): |
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"""Return the Ratcliff-Obershelp distance between two strings. |
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This is a wrapper for :py:meth:`RatcliffObershelp.dist`. |
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Parameters |
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---------- |
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src : str |
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Source string for comparison |
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tar : str |
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Target string for comparison |
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Returns |
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------- |
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float |
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Ratcliff-Obershelp distance |
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Examples |
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-------- |
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>>> round(dist_ratcliff_obershelp('cat', 'hat'), 12) |
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0.333333333333 |
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>>> round(dist_ratcliff_obershelp('Niall', 'Neil'), 12) |
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0.333333333333 |
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>>> round(dist_ratcliff_obershelp('aluminum', 'Catalan'), 12) |
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0.6 |
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>>> dist_ratcliff_obershelp('ATCG', 'TAGC') |
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0.5 |
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""" |
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return RatcliffObershelp().dist(src, tar) |
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if __name__ == '__main__': |
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import doctest |
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doctest.testmod() |
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