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<?php |
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/* For licensing terms, see /license.txt */ |
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/** |
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* @author Claro Team <[email protected]> |
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* @author Yannick Warnier <[email protected]> |
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*/ |
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require __DIR__.'/qti2_classes.php'; |
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/** |
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* An IMS/QTI item. It corresponds to a single question. |
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* This class allows export from Claroline to IMS/QTI2.0 XML format of a single question. |
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* It is not usable as-is, but must be subclassed, to support different kinds of questions. |
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* |
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* Every start_*() and corresponding end_*(), as well as export_*() methods return a string. |
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* |
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* note: Attached files are NOT exported. |
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*/ |
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class ImsAssessmentItem |
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{ |
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/** |
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* @var Ims2Question |
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*/ |
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public $question; |
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/** |
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* @var string |
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*/ |
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public $questionIdent; |
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/** |
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* @var ImsAnswerInterface |
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*/ |
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public $answer; |
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/** |
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* Constructor. |
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* |
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* @param Ims2Question $question ims2Question object we want to export |
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*/ |
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public function __construct($question) |
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{ |
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$this->question = $question; |
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$this->answer = $this->question->setAnswer(); |
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$this->questionIdent = 'QST_'.$question->iid; |
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} |
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/** |
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* Start the XML flow. |
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* |
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* This opens the <item> block, with correct attributes. |
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*/ |
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public function start_item() |
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{ |
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$categoryTitle = ''; |
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if (!empty($this->question->category)) { |
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$category = new TestCategory(); |
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$category = $category->getCategory($this->question->category); |
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if ($category) { |
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$categoryTitle = htmlspecialchars(formatExerciseQtiText($category->name)); |
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} |
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} |
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return '<assessmentItem xmlns="http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqti_v2p1" |
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xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" |
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xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imsqti_v2p1 imsqti_v2p1.xsd" |
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identifier="'.$this->questionIdent.'" |
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title = "'.htmlspecialchars(formatExerciseQtiText($this->question->selectTitle())).'" |
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category = "'.$categoryTitle.'" |
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>'."\n"; |
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} |
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/** |
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* End the XML flow, closing the </item> tag. |
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*/ |
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public function end_item() |
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{ |
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return "</assessmentItem>\n"; |
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} |
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/** |
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* Start the itemBody. |
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*/ |
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public function start_item_body() |
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{ |
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return ' <itemBody>'."\n"; |
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} |
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/** |
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* End the itemBody part. |
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*/ |
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public function end_item_body() |
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{ |
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return " </itemBody>\n"; |
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} |
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/** |
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* add the response processing template used. |
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*/ |
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public function add_response_processing() |
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{ |
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return ' <responseProcessing template="http://www.imsglobal.org/question/qti_v2p1/rptemplates/map_correct"/>'."\n"; |
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} |
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/** |
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* Export the question as an IMS/QTI Item. |
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* |
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* This is a default behaviour, some classes may want to override this. |
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* |
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* @return string string, the XML flow for an Item |
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*/ |
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public function export($standalone = false) |
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{ |
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$head = $foot = ''; |
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if ($standalone) { |
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$head = '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>'."\n"; |
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} |
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//TODO understand why answer might be a non-object sometimes |
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if (!is_object($this->answer)) { |
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return $head; |
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} |
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return $head |
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.$this->start_item() |
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.$this->answer->imsExportResponsesDeclaration($this->questionIdent, $this->question) |
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.$this->start_item_body() |
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.$this->answer->imsExportResponses( |
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$this->questionIdent, |
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$this->question->question, |
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$this->question->description, |
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$this->question->getPictureFilename() |
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) |
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.$this->end_item_body() |
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.$this->add_response_processing() |
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.$this->end_item() |
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.$foot; |
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} |
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} |
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/** |
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* This class represents an entire exercise to be exported in IMS/QTI. |
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* It will be represented by a single <section> containing several <item>. |
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* |
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* Some properties cannot be exported, as IMS does not support them : |
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* - type (one page or multiple pages) |
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* - start_date and end_date |
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* - max_attempts |
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* - show_answer |
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* - anonymous_attempts |
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* |
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* @author Amand Tihon <[email protected]> |
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*/ |
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class ImsSection |
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{ |
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public $exercise; |
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/** |
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* Constructor. |
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* |
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* @param Exercise $exe The Exercise instance to export |
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* |
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* @author Amand Tihon <[email protected]> |
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*/ |
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public function __construct($exe) |
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{ |
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$this->exercise = $exe; |
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} |
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public function start_section() |
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{ |
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return '<section |
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ident = "EXO_'.$this->exercise->selectId().'" |
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title = "'.cleanAttribute(formatExerciseQtiDescription($this->exercise->selectTitle())).'" |
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>'."\n"; |
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} |
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public function end_section() |
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{ |
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return "</section>\n"; |
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} |
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public function export_duration() |
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{ |
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if ($max_time = $this->exercise->selectTimeLimit()) { |
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// return exercise duration in ISO8601 format. |
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$minutes = floor($max_time / 60); |
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$seconds = $max_time % 60; |
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return '<duration>PT'.$minutes.'M'.$seconds."S</duration>\n"; |
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} else { |
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return ''; |
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} |
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} |
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/** |
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* Export the presentation (Exercise's description). |
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* |
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* @author Amand Tihon <[email protected]> |
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*/ |
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public function export_presentation() |
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{ |
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return "<presentation_material><flow_mat><material>\n" |
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.' <mattext><![CDATA['.formatExerciseQtiDescription($this->exercise->selectDescription())."]]></mattext>\n" |
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."</material></flow_mat></presentation_material>\n"; |
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} |
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/** |
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* Export the ordering information. |
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* Either sequential, through all questions, or random, with a selected number of questions. |
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* |
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* @author Amand Tihon <[email protected]> |
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*/ |
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public function export_ordering() |
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{ |
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$out = ''; |
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if ($n = $this->exercise->getShuffle()) { |
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$out .= "<selection_ordering>" |
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." <selection>\n" |
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." <selection_number>".$n."</selection_number>\n" |
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." </selection>\n" |
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.' <order order_type="Random" />' |
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."\n</selection_ordering>\n"; |
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} else { |
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$out .= '<selection_ordering sequence_type="Normal">'."\n" |
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." <selection />\n" |
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."</selection_ordering>\n"; |
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} |
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return $out; |
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} |
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/** |
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* Export the questions, as a succession of <items>. |
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* |
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* @author Amand Tihon <[email protected]> |
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*/ |
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public function exportQuestions() |
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{ |
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$out = ''; |
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foreach ($this->exercise->selectQuestionList() as $q) { |
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$out .= export_question_qti($q, false); |
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} |
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return $out; |
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} |
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/** |
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* Export the exercise in IMS/QTI. |
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* |
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* @param bool $standalone wether it should include XML tag and DTD line |
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* |
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* @return string string containing the XML flow |
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* |
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* @author Amand Tihon <[email protected]> |
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*/ |
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public function export($standalone) |
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{ |
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$head = $foot = ''; |
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if ($standalone) { |
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$head = '<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" standalone = "no"?>'."\n" |
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.'<!DOCTYPE questestinterop SYSTEM "ims_qtiasiv2p1.dtd">'."\n" |
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."<questestinterop>\n"; |
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$foot = "</questestinterop>\n"; |
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} |
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return $head |
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.$this->start_section() |
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.$this->export_duration() |
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.$this->export_presentation() |
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.$this->export_ordering() |
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.$this->exportQuestions() |
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.$this->end_section() |
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.$foot; |
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} |
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} |
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/* |
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Some quick notes on identifiers generation. |
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The IMS format requires some blocks, like items, responses, feedbacks, to be uniquely |
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identified. |
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The unicity is mandatory in a single XML, of course, but it's prefered that the identifier stays |
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coherent for an entire site. |
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Here's the method used to generate those identifiers. |
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Question identifier :: "QST_" + <Question Id from the DB> + "_" + <Question numeric type> |
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Response identifier :: <Question identifier> + "_A_" + <Response Id from the DB> |
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Condition identifier :: <Question identifier> + "_C_" + <Response Id from the DB> |
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Feedback identifier :: <Question identifier> + "_F_" + <Response Id from the DB> |
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*/ |
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/** |
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* Class ImsItem. |
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* |
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* An IMS/QTI item. It corresponds to a single question. |
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* This class allows export from Claroline to IMS/QTI XML format. |
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* It is not usable as-is, but must be subclassed, to support different kinds of questions. |
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* |
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* Every start_*() and corresponding end_*(), as well as export_*() methods return a string. |
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* |
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* warning: Attached files are NOT exported. |
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* |
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* @author Amand Tihon <[email protected]> |
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*/ |
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class ImsItem |
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{ |
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public $question; |
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public $questionIdent; |
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public $answer; |
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/** |
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* Constructor. |
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* |
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* @param Question $question the Question object we want to export |
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* |
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* @author Anamd Tihon |
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*/ |
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public function __construct($question) |
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{ |
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$this->question = $question; |
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$this->answer = $question->answer; |
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$this->questionIdent = 'QST_'.$question->selectId(); |
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} |
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/** |
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* Start the XML flow. |
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* |
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* This opens the <item> block, with correct attributes. |
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* |
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* @author Amand Tihon <[email protected]> |
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*/ |
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public function start_item() |
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{ |
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return '<item title="'.cleanAttribute(formatExerciseQtiDescription($this->question->selectTitle())).'" ident="'.$this->questionIdent.'">'."\n"; |
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} |
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/** |
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* End the XML flow, closing the </item> tag. |
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* |
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* @author Amand Tihon <[email protected]> |
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*/ |
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public function end_item() |
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{ |
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return "</item>\n"; |
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} |
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/** |
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* Create the opening, with the question itself. |
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* |
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* This means it opens the <presentation> but doesn't close it, as this is the role of end_presentation(). |
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* In between, the export_responses from the subclass should have been called. |
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* |
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* @author Amand Tihon <[email protected]> |
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*/ |
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public function start_presentation() |
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{ |
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return '<presentation label="'.$this->questionIdent.'"><flow>'."\n" |
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.'<material><mattext>'.formatExerciseQtiDescription($this->question->selectDescription())."</mattext></material>\n"; |
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} |
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/** |
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* End the </presentation> part, opened by export_header. |
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* |
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* @author Amand Tihon <[email protected]> |
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*/ |
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public function end_presentation() |
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{ |
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return "</flow></presentation>\n"; |
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} |
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/** |
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* Start the response processing, and declare the default variable, SCORE, at 0 in the outcomes. |
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* |
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* @author Amand Tihon <[email protected]> |
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*/ |
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public function start_processing() |
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{ |
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return '<resprocessing><outcomes><decvar vartype="Integer" defaultval="0" /></outcomes>'."\n"; |
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} |
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/** |
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* End the response processing part. |
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* |
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* @author Amand Tihon <[email protected]> |
383
|
|
|
*/ |
384
|
|
|
public function end_processing() |
385
|
|
|
{ |
386
|
|
|
return "</resprocessing>\n"; |
387
|
|
|
} |
388
|
|
|
|
389
|
|
|
/** |
390
|
|
|
* Export the question as an IMS/QTI Item. |
391
|
|
|
* |
392
|
|
|
* This is a default behaviour, some classes may want to override this. |
393
|
|
|
* |
394
|
|
|
* @param bool $standalone Boolean stating if it should be exported as a stand-alone question |
395
|
|
|
* |
396
|
|
|
* @return string string, the XML flow for an Item |
397
|
|
|
* |
398
|
|
|
* @author Amand Tihon <[email protected]> |
399
|
|
|
*/ |
400
|
|
|
public function export($standalone = false) |
401
|
|
|
{ |
402
|
|
|
global $charset; |
403
|
|
|
$head = $foot = ''; |
404
|
|
|
|
405
|
|
|
if ($standalone) { |
406
|
|
|
$head = '<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "'.$charset.'" standalone = "no"?>'."\n" |
407
|
|
|
.'<!DOCTYPE questestinterop SYSTEM "ims_qtiasiv2p1.dtd">'."\n" |
408
|
|
|
."<questestinterop>\n"; |
409
|
|
|
$foot = "</questestinterop>\n"; |
410
|
|
|
} |
411
|
|
|
|
412
|
|
|
return $head |
413
|
|
|
.$this->start_item() |
414
|
|
|
.$this->start_presentation() |
415
|
|
|
.$this->answer->imsExportResponses($this->questionIdent) |
416
|
|
|
.$this->end_presentation() |
417
|
|
|
.$this->start_processing() |
418
|
|
|
.$this->answer->imsExportProcessing($this->questionIdent) |
419
|
|
|
.$this->end_processing() |
420
|
|
|
.$this->answer->imsExportFeedback($this->questionIdent) |
421
|
|
|
.$this->end_item() |
422
|
|
|
.$foot; |
423
|
|
|
} |
424
|
|
|
} |
425
|
|
|
|
426
|
|
|
/** |
427
|
|
|
* Send a complete exercise in IMS/QTI format, from its ID. |
428
|
|
|
* |
429
|
|
|
* @param int $exerciseId The exercise to export |
430
|
|
|
* @param bool $standalone wether it should include XML tag and DTD line |
431
|
|
|
* |
432
|
|
|
* @return string XML as a string, or an empty string if there's no exercise with given ID |
433
|
|
|
*/ |
434
|
|
|
function export_exercise_to_qti($exerciseId, $standalone = true) |
435
|
|
|
{ |
436
|
|
|
$exercise = new Exercise(); |
437
|
|
|
if (!$exercise->read($exerciseId)) { |
438
|
|
|
return ''; |
439
|
|
|
} |
440
|
|
|
$ims = new ImsSection($exercise); |
441
|
|
|
|
442
|
|
|
return $ims->export($standalone); |
443
|
|
|
} |
444
|
|
|
|
445
|
|
|
/** |
446
|
|
|
* Returns the XML flow corresponding to one question. |
447
|
|
|
* |
448
|
|
|
* @param int $questionId |
449
|
|
|
* @param bool $standalone (ie including XML tag, DTD declaration, etc) |
450
|
|
|
* |
451
|
|
|
* @return string |
452
|
|
|
*/ |
453
|
|
|
function export_question_qti($questionId, $standalone = true) |
454
|
|
|
{ |
455
|
|
|
$question = new Ims2Question(); |
456
|
|
|
$qst = $question->read($questionId); |
457
|
|
|
if (!$qst) { |
|
|
|
|
458
|
|
|
return ''; |
459
|
|
|
} |
460
|
|
|
|
461
|
|
|
$isValid = $qst instanceof UniqueAnswer |
462
|
|
|
|| $qst instanceof MultipleAnswer |
|
|
|
|
463
|
|
|
|| $qst instanceof FreeAnswer |
|
|
|
|
464
|
|
|
|| $qst instanceof MultipleAnswerDropdown |
|
|
|
|
465
|
|
|
; |
466
|
|
|
|
467
|
|
|
if (!$isValid) { |
468
|
|
|
return ''; |
469
|
|
|
} |
470
|
|
|
|
471
|
|
|
$question->iid = $qst->iid; |
472
|
|
|
$question->type = $qst->type; |
473
|
|
|
$question->question = $qst->question; |
474
|
|
|
$question->description = $qst->description; |
475
|
|
|
$question->weighting = $qst->weighting; |
476
|
|
|
$question->position = $qst->position; |
477
|
|
|
$question->picture = $qst->picture; |
478
|
|
|
$question->category = $qst->category; |
479
|
|
|
$ims = new ImsAssessmentItem($question); |
480
|
|
|
|
481
|
|
|
return $ims->export($standalone); |
482
|
|
|
} |
483
|
|
|
|
484
|
|
|
/** |
485
|
|
|
* Clean text like a description. |
486
|
|
|
*/ |
487
|
|
|
function formatExerciseQtiDescription($text) |
488
|
|
|
{ |
489
|
|
|
$entities = api_html_entity_decode($text); |
490
|
|
|
|
491
|
|
|
return htmlspecialchars($entities); |
492
|
|
|
} |
493
|
|
|
|
494
|
|
|
/** |
495
|
|
|
* Clean titles. |
496
|
|
|
* |
497
|
|
|
* @param $text |
498
|
|
|
* |
499
|
|
|
* @return string |
500
|
|
|
*/ |
501
|
|
|
function formatExerciseQtiText($text) |
502
|
|
|
{ |
503
|
|
|
return htmlspecialchars($text); |
504
|
|
|
} |
505
|
|
|
|
506
|
|
|
/** |
507
|
|
|
* @param string $text |
508
|
|
|
* |
509
|
|
|
* @return string |
510
|
|
|
*/ |
511
|
|
|
function cleanAttribute($text) |
512
|
|
|
{ |
513
|
|
|
return $text; |
514
|
|
|
} |
515
|
|
|
|