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                <?php  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                /**  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                 * @author   Temitope Olotin <[email protected]>  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                 * @license  <https://opensource.org/license/MIT> MIT  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                 */  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                namespace Laztopaz\PotatoORM;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                                                                
            
                                    
            
            
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                class BaseModel implements BaseModelInterface  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                { | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    // Inject the inflector trait  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    use Inflector;  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    // Private variable that contains instance of database  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    protected $databaseModel;  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    // Class variable holding class name pluralized  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    protected $tableName;  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    // Properties will later contain key, value pairs from the magic setter, getter methods  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    protected $properties = [];  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    public function __construct()  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $this->tableName = $this->getClassName();  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $this->databaseModel = new DatabaseHandler($this->tableName);  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $this->properties['id'] = 0;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                                                                
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    /**  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * The magic getter method.  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     *  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * @params key  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     *  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * @return array key  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     */  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    public function __get($key)  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $this->properties[$key];  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                                                                
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    /**  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * The magic setter method.  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     *  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * @params property, key  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     *  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * @return array associative array properties  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     */  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    public function __set($property, $value)  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $this->properties[$property] = $value;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                                                                
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    /**  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * This method gets all the record from a particular table.  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     *  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * @params void  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     *  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * @throws NoRecordFoundException  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     *  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * @return associative array  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     */  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    public static function getAll()  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $allData = DatabaseHandler::read($id = false, self::getClassName());  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        if (count($allData) > 0) { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            return $allData;  | 
            
                            
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                        }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        throw NoRecordFoundException::create('There is no record to display'); | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                                                                
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    /**  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * This method create or update record in a database table.  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     *  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * @params void  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     *  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * @throws EmptyArrayException  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * @throws NoRecordInsertionException  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * @throws NoRecordUpdateException  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     *  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * @return bool true or false;  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     */  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    public function save($dbConn = Null)  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        if (is_null($dbConn)) { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            $dbConn = new DatabaseConnection();  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $boolCommit = false;  | 
            
                            
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                        if ($this->properties['id']) { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            $allData = DatabaseHandler::read($this->properties['id'], self::getClassName(), $dbConn);  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            if ($this->checkIfRecordIsEmpty($allData)) { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                                $boolCommit = $this->databaseModel->update(['id' => $this->properties['id']], $this->tableName, $this->properties, $dbConn);  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                                if ($boolCommit) { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                                    return true;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                                }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                                throw NoRecordUpdateException::create('Record not updated successfully'); | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            throw EmptyArrayException::create("Value passed didn't match any record"); | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $boolCommit = $this->databaseModel->create($this->properties, $this->tableName, $dbConn);  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        if ($boolCommit) { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            return true;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        throw NoRecordInsertionException::create('Record not created successfully'); | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                                                                
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    /**  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * This method find a record by id.  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     *  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * @params int id  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     *  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * @throws NoArgumentPassedToFunctionException  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     *  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * @return object  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     */  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    public static function find($id)  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $num_args = (int) func_num_args(); // get number of arguments passed to this function  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        if ($num_args == 0 || $num_args > 1) { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            throw NoArgumentPassedToFunctionException::create('Argument missing: only one argument is allowed'); | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        if ($id == '') { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            throw NullArgumentPassedToFunctionException::create('This function expect a value'); | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    140
                 | 
                                    
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                 | 
                 | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    141
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                        $staticFindInstance = new static();  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    142
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                        $staticFindInstance->id = $id == '' ? false : $id;  | 
            
                            
                    | 
                        
                     | 
                     | 
                     | 
                    
                                                                                                    
                        
                         
                                                                                        
                                                                                     
                     | 
                
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    143
                 | 
                                    
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                 | 
                 | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    144
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                        return $staticFindInstance;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                                                                
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    145
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    146
                 | 
                                    
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                 | 
                 | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    147
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                    /**  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    148
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                     * This method delete a row from the table by the row id.  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    149
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                     *  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    150
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                     * @params int id  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    151
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                     *  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    152
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                     * @throws NoRecordDeletionException;  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    153
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                     *  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    154
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                     * @return bool true or false  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    155
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                     */  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    156
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                    public static function destroy($id)  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    157
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                    { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    158
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                        $boolDeleted = false;  | 
            
                            
                    | 
                        
                     | 
                     | 
                     | 
                    
                                                                                                    
                        
                         
                                                                                        
                                                                                     
                     | 
                
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    159
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                 | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    160
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                        $num_args = (int) func_num_args(); // get number of arguments passed to this function  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    161
                 | 
                                    
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                 | 
                 | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    162
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                        if ($num_args == 0 || $num_args > 1) { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    163
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                            throw NoArgumentPassedToFunctionException::create('Argument missing: only one argument is allowed'); | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    164
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                        }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    165
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                 | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    166
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                        $boolDeleted = DatabaseHandler::delete($id, self::getClassName());  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    167
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                 | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    168
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                        if ($boolDeleted) { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    169
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                            return true;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    170
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                        }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    171
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                 | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    172
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                        throw NoRecordDeletionException::create('Record deletion unsuccessful because id does not match any record'); | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                                                                
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    173
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    174
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                 | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    175
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                   /**  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    176
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                    * This method return the current class name  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    177
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                    * $params void.  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    178
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                    *  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    179
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                    * @return classname  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    180
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                    */  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    181
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                   public static function getClassName()  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    182
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                   { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    183
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                       $tableName = preg_split('/(?=[A-Z])/', get_called_class()); | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    184
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                 | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    185
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                       $className = end($tableName);  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    186
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                 | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    187
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                       return self::pluralize(strtolower($className));  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                                                                
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    188
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                   }  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    189
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                 | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    190
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                    /**  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    191
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                     * This method check if the argument passed to this function is an array.  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    192
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                     *  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    193
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                     * @param $arrayOfRecord  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    194
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                     *  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    195
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                     * @return bool  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    196
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                     */  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    197
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                    public function checkIfRecordIsEmpty($arrayOfRecord)  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    198
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                    { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    199
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                        if (count($arrayOfRecord) > 0) { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    200
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                            return true;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    201
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                        }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    202
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                 | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    203
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                        return false;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                                                                
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    204
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                    }  | 
            
            
                                                        
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    205
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                }  | 
            
            
                                                        
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    206
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                 | 
            
            
                        
If you return a value from a function or method, it should be a sub-type of the type that is given by the parent type f.e. an interface, or abstract method. This is more formally defined by the Lizkov substitution principle, and guarantees that classes that depend on the parent type can use any instance of a child type interchangably. This principle also belongs to the SOLID principles for object oriented design.
Let’s take a look at an example:
Our function
my_functionexpects aPostobject, and outputs the author of the post. The base classPostreturns a simple string and outputting a simple string will work just fine. However, the child classBlogPostwhich is a sub-type ofPostinstead decided to return anobject, and is therefore violating the SOLID principles. If aBlogPostwere passed tomy_function, PHP would not complain, but ultimately fail when executing thestrtouppercall in its body.