text2words() - Code Metrics - Inspection of "fix: Load::loadMemberContext() should only return..." - albertlast/SMF2.1 - Measure and Improve Code Quality continuously with Scrutinizer

Passed
Push — release-2.1 ( 8f939c...c09c8c )

by Mathias
created 2020-04-25 09:24 UTC
text2words() C

↳ Parent: Project
Complexity

Conditions
Size

Total Lines	44
Code Lines	23
Duplication

Lines	0
Ratio	0 %
Importance

Changes	1
Bugs	0	Features	0
Metric	Value
cc	12
eloc	23
nop	3
dl	0
loc	44
rs	6.9666
c	1
b	0
f	0
How to fix Complexity

<?php

/**
 * This file has all the main functions in it that relate to, well, everything.
 *
 * Simple Machines Forum (SMF)
 *
 * @package SMF
 * @author Simple Machines https://www.simplemachines.org
 * @copyright 2020 Simple Machines and individual contributors
 * @license https://www.simplemachines.org/about/smf/license.php BSD
 *
 * @version 2.1 RC2
 */

if (!defined('SMF'))
	die('No direct access...');

/**
 * Update some basic statistics.
 *
 * 'member' statistic updates the latest member, the total member
 *  count, and the number of unapproved members.
 * 'member' also only counts approved members when approval is on, but
 *  is much more efficient with it off.
 *
 * 'message' changes the total number of messages, and the
 *  highest message id by id_msg - which can be parameters 1 and 2,
 *  respectively.
 *
 * 'topic' updates the total number of topics, or if parameter1 is true
 *  simply increments them.
 *
 * 'subject' updates the log_search_subjects in the event of a topic being
 *  moved, removed or split.  parameter1 is the topicid, parameter2 is the new subject
 *
 * 'postgroups' case updates those members who match condition's
 *  post-based membergroups in the database (restricted by parameter1).
 *
 * @param string $type Stat type - can be 'member', 'message', 'topic', 'subject' or 'postgroups'
 * @param mixed $parameter1 A parameter for updating the stats
 * @param mixed $parameter2 A 2nd parameter for updating the stats
 */
function updateStats($type, $parameter1 = null, $parameter2 = null)
{
	global $modSettings, $smcFunc;

	switch ($type)
	{
		case 'member':
			$changes = array(
				'memberlist_updated' => time(),
			);

			// #1 latest member ID, #2 the real name for a new registration.
			if (is_numeric($parameter1))
			{
				$changes['latestMember'] = $parameter1;
				$changes['latestRealName'] = $parameter2;

				updateSettings(array('totalMembers' => true), true);
			}

			// We need to calculate the totals.
			else
			{
				// Update the latest activated member (highest id_member) and count.
				$result = $smcFunc['db_query']('', '
					SELECT COUNT(*), MAX(id_member)
					FROM {db_prefix}members
					WHERE is_activated = {int:is_activated}',
					array(
						'is_activated' => 1,
					)
				);
				list ($changes['totalMembers'], $changes['latestMember']) = $smcFunc['db_fetch_row']($result);
				$smcFunc['db_free_result']($result);

				// Get the latest activated member's display name.
				$result = $smcFunc['db_query']('', '
					SELECT real_name
					FROM {db_prefix}members
					WHERE id_member = {int:id_member}
					LIMIT 1',
					array(
						'id_member' => (int) $changes['latestMember'],
					)
				);
				list ($changes['latestRealName']) = $smcFunc['db_fetch_row']($result);
				$smcFunc['db_free_result']($result);

				// Update the amount of members awaiting approval
				$result = $smcFunc['db_query']('', '
					SELECT COUNT(*)
					FROM {db_prefix}members
					WHERE is_activated IN ({array_int:activation_status})',
					array(
						'activation_status' => array(3, 4, 5),
					)
				);

				list ($changes['unapprovedMembers']) = $smcFunc['db_fetch_row']($result);
				$smcFunc['db_free_result']($result);
			}
			updateSettings($changes);
			break;

		case 'message':
			if ($parameter1 === true && $parameter2 !== null)
				updateSettings(array('totalMessages' => true, 'maxMsgID' => $parameter2), true);
			else
			{
				// SUM and MAX on a smaller table is better for InnoDB tables.
				$result = $smcFunc['db_query']('', '
					SELECT SUM(num_posts + unapproved_posts) AS total_messages, MAX(id_last_msg) AS max_msg_id
					FROM {db_prefix}boards
					WHERE redirect = {string:blank_redirect}' . (!empty($modSettings['recycle_enable']) && $modSettings['recycle_board'] > 0 ? '
						AND id_board != {int:recycle_board}' : ''),
					array(
						'recycle_board' => isset($modSettings['recycle_board']) ? $modSettings['recycle_board'] : 0,
						'blank_redirect' => '',
					)
				);
				$row = $smcFunc['db_fetch_assoc']($result);
				$smcFunc['db_free_result']($result);

				updateSettings(array(
					'totalMessages' => $row['total_messages'] === null ? 0 : $row['total_messages'],
					'maxMsgID' => $row['max_msg_id'] === null ? 0 : $row['max_msg_id']
				));
			}
			break;

		case 'subject':
			// Remove the previous subject (if any).
			$smcFunc['db_query']('', '
				DELETE FROM {db_prefix}log_search_subjects
				WHERE id_topic = {int:id_topic}',
				array(
					'id_topic' => (int) $parameter1,
				)
			);

			// Insert the new subject.
			if ($parameter2 !== null)
			{
				$parameter1 = (int) $parameter1;
				$parameter2 = text2words($parameter2);

				$inserts = array();
				foreach ($parameter2 as $word)
					$inserts[] = array($word, $parameter1);

				if (!empty($inserts))
					$smcFunc['db_insert']('ignore',
						'{db_prefix}log_search_subjects',
						array('word' => 'string', 'id_topic' => 'int'),
						$inserts,
						array('word', 'id_topic')
					);
			}
			break;

		case 'topic':
			if ($parameter1 === true)
				updateSettings(array('totalTopics' => true), true);

			else
			{
				// Get the number of topics - a SUM is better for InnoDB tables.
				// We also ignore the recycle bin here because there will probably be a bunch of one-post topics there.
				$result = $smcFunc['db_query']('', '
					SELECT SUM(num_topics + unapproved_topics) AS total_topics
					FROM {db_prefix}boards' . (!empty($modSettings['recycle_enable']) && $modSettings['recycle_board'] > 0 ? '
					WHERE id_board != {int:recycle_board}' : ''),
					array(
						'recycle_board' => !empty($modSettings['recycle_board']) ? $modSettings['recycle_board'] : 0,
					)
				);
				$row = $smcFunc['db_fetch_assoc']($result);
				$smcFunc['db_free_result']($result);

				updateSettings(array('totalTopics' => $row['total_topics'] === null ? 0 : $row['total_topics']));
			}
			break;

		case 'postgroups':
			// Parameter two is the updated columns: we should check to see if we base groups off any of these.
			if ($parameter2 !== null && !in_array('posts', $parameter2))
				return;

			$postgroups = cache_get_data('updateStats:postgroups', 360);
			if ($postgroups == null || $parameter1 == null)

			{
				// Fetch the postgroups!
				$request = $smcFunc['db_query']('', '
					SELECT id_group, min_posts
					FROM {db_prefix}membergroups
					WHERE min_posts != {int:min_posts}',
					array(
						'min_posts' => -1,
					)
				);
				$postgroups = array();
				while ($row = $smcFunc['db_fetch_assoc']($request))
					$postgroups[$row['id_group']] = $row['min_posts'];

				$smcFunc['db_free_result']($request);

				// Sort them this way because if it's done with MySQL it causes a filesort :(.
				arsort($postgroups);

				cache_put_data('updateStats:postgroups', $postgroups, 360);
			}

			// Oh great, they've screwed their post groups.
			if (empty($postgroups))
				return;

			// Set all membergroups from most posts to least posts.
			$conditions = '';
			$lastMin = 0;
			foreach ($postgroups as $id => $min_posts)
			{
				$conditions .= '
					WHEN posts >= ' . $min_posts . (!empty($lastMin) ? ' AND posts <= ' . $lastMin : '') . ' THEN ' . $id;

				$lastMin = $min_posts;
			}

			// A big fat CASE WHEN... END is faster than a zillion UPDATE's ;).
			$smcFunc['db_query']('', '
				UPDATE {db_prefix}members
				SET id_post_group = CASE ' . $conditions . '
				ELSE 0
				END' . ($parameter1 != null ? '
				WHERE ' . (is_array($parameter1) ? 'id_member IN ({array_int:members})' : 'id_member = {int:members}') : ''),
				array(
					'members' => $parameter1,
				)
			);
			break;

		default:
			trigger_error('updateStats(): Invalid statistic type \'' . $type . '\'', E_USER_NOTICE);
	}
}

/**
 * Updates the columns in the members table.
 * Assumes the data has been htmlspecialchar'd.
 * this function should be used whenever member data needs to be
 * updated in place of an UPDATE query.
 *
 * id_member is either an int or an array of ints to be updated.
 *
 * data is an associative array of the columns to be updated and their respective values.
 * any string values updated should be quoted and slashed.
 *
 * the value of any column can be '+' or '-', which mean 'increment'
 * and decrement, respectively.
 *
 * if the member's post number is updated, updates their post groups.
 *
 * @param mixed $members An array of member IDs, the ID of a single member, or null to update this for all members
 * @param array $data The info to update for the members
 */
function updateMemberData($members, $data)
{
	global $modSettings, $user_info, $smcFunc, $sourcedir, $cache_enable;

	// An empty array means there's nobody to update.
	if ($members === array())
		return;

	$parameters = array();
	if (is_array($members))
	{
		$condition = 'id_member IN ({array_int:members})';
		$parameters['members'] = $members;
	}

	elseif ($members === null)
		$condition = '1=1';

	else
	{
		$condition = 'id_member = {int:member}';
		$parameters['member'] = $members;
	}

	// Everything is assumed to be a string unless it's in the below.
	$knownInts = array(
		'date_registered', 'posts', 'id_group', 'last_login', 'instant_messages', 'unread_messages',
		'new_pm', 'pm_prefs', 'gender', 'show_online', 'pm_receive_from', 'alerts',
		'id_theme', 'is_activated', 'id_msg_last_visit', 'id_post_group', 'total_time_logged_in', 'warning',
	);
	$knownFloats = array(
		'time_offset',
	);

	if (!empty($modSettings['integrate_change_member_data']))
	{
		// Only a few member variables are really interesting for integration.
		$integration_vars = array(
			'member_name',
			'real_name',
			'email_address',
			'id_group',
			'gender',
			'birthdate',
			'website_title',
			'website_url',
			'location',
			'time_format',
			'time_offset',
			'avatar',
			'lngfile',
		);
		$vars_to_integrate = array_intersect($integration_vars, array_keys($data));

		// Only proceed if there are any variables left to call the integration function.
		if (count($vars_to_integrate) != 0)
		{
			// Fetch a list of member_names if necessary
			if ((!is_array($members) && $members === $user_info['id']) || (is_array($members) && count($members) == 1 && in_array($user_info['id'], $members)))
				$member_names = array($user_info['username']);
			else
			{
				$member_names = array();
				$request = $smcFunc['db_query']('', '
					SELECT member_name
					FROM {db_prefix}members
					WHERE ' . $condition,
					$parameters
				);
				while ($row = $smcFunc['db_fetch_assoc']($request))
					$member_names[] = $row['member_name'];
				$smcFunc['db_free_result']($request);
			}

			if (!empty($member_names))
				foreach ($vars_to_integrate as $var)
					call_integration_hook('integrate_change_member_data', array($member_names, $var, &$data[$var], &$knownInts, &$knownFloats));
		}
	}

	$setString = '';
	foreach ($data as $var => $val)
	{
		switch ($var)
		{
			case  'birthdate':
				$type = 'date';
				break;

			case 'member_ip':
			case 'member_ip2':
				$type = 'inet';
				break;

			default:
				$type = 'string';
		}

		if (in_array($var, $knownInts))
			$type = 'int';

		elseif (in_array($var, $knownFloats))
			$type = 'float';

		// Doing an increment?
		if ($var == 'alerts' && ($val === '+' || $val === '-'))
		{
			include_once($sourcedir . '/Profile-Modify.php');
			if (is_array($members))
			{
				$val = 'CASE ';
				foreach ($members as $k => $v)
					$val .= 'WHEN id_member = ' . $v . ' THEN '. alert_count($v, true) . ' ';

				$val = $val . ' END';
				$type = 'raw';
			}

			else
				$val = alert_count($members, true);
		}

		elseif ($type == 'int' && ($val === '+' || $val === '-'))
		{
			$val = $var . ' ' . $val . ' 1';
			$type = 'raw';
		}

		// Ensure posts, instant_messages, and unread_messages don't overflow or underflow.
		if (in_array($var, array('posts', 'instant_messages', 'unread_messages')))
		{
			if (preg_match('~^' . $var . ' (\+ |- |\+ -)([\d]+)~', $val, $match))
			{
				if ($match[1] != '+ ')
					$val = 'CASE WHEN ' . $var . ' <= ' . abs($match[2]) . ' THEN 0 ELSE ' . $val . ' END';

				$type = 'raw';
			}
		}

		$setString .= ' ' . $var . ' = {' . $type . ':p_' . $var . '},';
		$parameters['p_' . $var] = $val;
	}

	$smcFunc['db_query']('', '
		UPDATE {db_prefix}members
		SET' . substr($setString, 0, -1) . '
		WHERE ' . $condition,
		$parameters
	);

	updateStats('postgroups', $members, array_keys($data));

	// Clear any caching?
	if (!empty($cache_enable) && $cache_enable >= 2 && !empty($members))
	{
		if (!is_array($members))
			$members = array($members);

		foreach ($members as $member)
		{
			if ($cache_enable >= 3)
			{
				cache_put_data('member_data-profile-' . $member, null, 120);
				cache_put_data('member_data-normal-' . $member, null, 120);
				cache_put_data('member_data-minimal-' . $member, null, 120);
			}
			cache_put_data('user_settings-' . $member, null, 60);
		}
	}
}

/**
 * Updates the settings table as well as $modSettings... only does one at a time if $update is true.
 *
 * - updates both the settings table and $modSettings array.
 * - all of changeArray's indexes and values are assumed to have escaped apostrophes (')!
 * - if a variable is already set to what you want to change it to, that
 *   variable will be skipped over; it would be unnecessary to reset.
 * - When use_update is true, UPDATEs will be used instead of REPLACE.
 * - when use_update is true, the value can be true or false to increment
 *  or decrement it, respectively.
 *
 * @param array $changeArray An array of info about what we're changing in 'setting' => 'value' format
 * @param bool $update Whether to use an UPDATE query instead of a REPLACE query
 */
function updateSettings($changeArray, $update = false)
{
	global $modSettings, $smcFunc;

	if (empty($changeArray) || !is_array($changeArray))
		return;

	$toRemove = array();

	// Go check if there is any setting to be removed.
	foreach ($changeArray as $k => $v)
		if ($v === null)
		{
			// Found some, remove them from the original array and add them to ours.
			unset($changeArray[$k]);
			$toRemove[] = $k;
		}

	// Proceed with the deletion.
	if (!empty($toRemove))
		$smcFunc['db_query']('', '
			DELETE FROM {db_prefix}settings
			WHERE variable IN ({array_string:remove})',
			array(
				'remove' => $toRemove,
			)
		);

	// In some cases, this may be better and faster, but for large sets we don't want so many UPDATEs.
	if ($update)
	{
		foreach ($changeArray as $variable => $value)
		{
			$smcFunc['db_query']('', '
				UPDATE {db_prefix}settings
				SET value = {' . ($value === false || $value === true ? 'raw' : 'string') . ':value}
				WHERE variable = {string:variable}',
				array(
					'value' => $value === true ? 'value + 1' : ($value === false ? 'value - 1' : $value),
					'variable' => $variable,
				)
			);
			$modSettings[$variable] = $value === true ? $modSettings[$variable] + 1 : ($value === false ? $modSettings[$variable] - 1 : $value);
		}

		// Clean out the cache and make sure the cobwebs are gone too.
		cache_put_data('modSettings', null, 90);

		return;
	}

	$replaceArray = array();
	foreach ($changeArray as $variable => $value)
	{
		// Don't bother if it's already like that ;).
		if (isset($modSettings[$variable]) && $modSettings[$variable] == $value)
			continue;
		// If the variable isn't set, but would only be set to nothing'ness, then don't bother setting it.
		elseif (!isset($modSettings[$variable]) && empty($value))
			continue;

		$replaceArray[] = array($variable, $value);

		$modSettings[$variable] = $value;
	}

	if (empty($replaceArray))
		return;

	$smcFunc['db_insert']('replace',
		'{db_prefix}settings',
		array('variable' => 'string-255', 'value' => 'string-65534'),
		$replaceArray,
		array('variable')
	);

	// Kill the cache - it needs redoing now, but we won't bother ourselves with that here.
	cache_put_data('modSettings', null, 90);
}

/**
 * Constructs a page list.
 *
 * - builds the page list, e.g. 1 ... 6 7 [8] 9 10 ... 15.
 * - flexible_start causes it to use "url.page" instead of "url;start=page".
 * - very importantly, cleans up the start value passed, and forces it to
 *   be a multiple of num_per_page.
 * - checks that start is not more than max_value.
 * - base_url should be the URL without any start parameter on it.
 * - uses the compactTopicPagesEnable and compactTopicPagesContiguous
 *   settings to decide how to display the menu.
 *
 * an example is available near the function definition.
 * $pageindex = constructPageIndex($scripturl . '?board=' . $board, $_REQUEST['start'], $num_messages, $maxindex, true);
 *
 * @param string $base_url The basic URL to be used for each link.
 * @param int &$start The start position, by reference. If this is not a multiple of the number of items per page, it is sanitized to be so and the value will persist upon the function's return.
 * @param int $max_value The total number of items you are paginating for.
 * @param int $num_per_page The number of items to be displayed on a given page. $start will be forced to be a multiple of this value.
 * @param bool $flexible_start Whether a ;start=x component should be introduced into the URL automatically (see above)
 * @param bool $show_prevnext Whether the Previous and Next links should be shown (should be on only when navigating the list)
 *
 * @return string The complete HTML of the page index that was requested, formatted by the template.
 */
function constructPageIndex($base_url, &$start, $max_value, $num_per_page, $flexible_start = false, $show_prevnext = true)
{
	global $modSettings, $context, $smcFunc, $settings, $txt;

	// Save whether $start was less than 0 or not.
	$start = (int) $start;
	$start_invalid = $start < 0;

	// Make sure $start is a proper variable - not less than 0.
	if ($start_invalid)
		$start = 0;
	// Not greater than the upper bound.
	elseif ($start >= $max_value)
		$start = max(0, (int) $max_value - (((int) $max_value % (int) $num_per_page) == 0 ? $num_per_page : ((int) $max_value % (int) $num_per_page)));
	// And it has to be a multiple of $num_per_page!
	else
		$start = max(0, (int) $start - ((int) $start % (int) $num_per_page));

	$context['current_page'] = $start / $num_per_page;

	// Define some default page index settings if we don't already have it...
	if (!isset($settings['page_index']))
	{
		// This defines the formatting for the page indexes used throughout the forum.
		$settings['page_index'] = array(
			'extra_before' => '<span class="pages">' . $txt['pages'] . '</span>',
			'previous_page' => '<span class="main_icons previous_page"></span>',
			'current_page' => '<span class="current_page">%1$d</span> ',
			'page' => '<a class="nav_page" href="{URL}">%2$s</a> ',
			'expand_pages' => '<span class="expand_pages" onclick="expandPages(this, {LINK}, {FIRST_PAGE}, {LAST_PAGE}, {PER_PAGE});"> ... </span>',
			'next_page' => '<span class="main_icons next_page"></span>',
			'extra_after' => '',
		);
	}

	$base_link = strtr($settings['page_index']['page'], array('{URL}' => $flexible_start ? $base_url : strtr($base_url, array('%' => '%%')) . ';start=%1$d'));
	$pageindex = $settings['page_index']['extra_before'];

	// Compact pages is off or on?
	if (empty($modSettings['compactTopicPagesEnable']))
	{
		// Show the left arrow.
		$pageindex .= $start == 0 ? ' ' : sprintf($base_link, $start - $num_per_page, $settings['page_index']['previous_page']);

		// Show all the pages.
		$display_page = 1;
		for ($counter = 0; $counter < $max_value; $counter += $num_per_page)
			$pageindex .= $start == $counter && !$start_invalid ? sprintf($settings['page_index']['current_page'], $display_page++) : sprintf($base_link, $counter, $display_page++);

		// Show the right arrow.
		$display_page = ($start + $num_per_page) > $max_value ? $max_value : ($start + $num_per_page);
		if ($start != $counter - $max_value && !$start_invalid)
			$pageindex .= $display_page > $counter - $num_per_page ? ' ' : sprintf($base_link, $display_page, $settings['page_index']['next_page']);
	}
	else
	{
		// If they didn't enter an odd value, pretend they did.
		$PageContiguous = (int) ($modSettings['compactTopicPagesContiguous'] - ($modSettings['compactTopicPagesContiguous'] % 2)) / 2;

		// Show the "prev page" link. (>prev page< 1 ... 6 7 [8] 9 10 ... 15 next page)
		if (!empty($start) && $show_prevnext)
			$pageindex .= sprintf($base_link, $start - $num_per_page, $settings['page_index']['previous_page']);
		else
			$pageindex .= '';

		// Show the first page. (prev page >1< ... 6 7 [8] 9 10 ... 15)
		if ($start > $num_per_page * $PageContiguous)
			$pageindex .= sprintf($base_link, 0, '1');

		// Show the ... after the first page.  (prev page 1 >...< 6 7 [8] 9 10 ... 15 next page)
		if ($start > $num_per_page * ($PageContiguous + 1))
			$pageindex .= strtr($settings['page_index']['expand_pages'], array(
				'{LINK}' => JavaScriptEscape($smcFunc['htmlspecialchars']($base_link)),
				'{FIRST_PAGE}' => $num_per_page,
				'{LAST_PAGE}' => $start - $num_per_page * $PageContiguous,
				'{PER_PAGE}' => $num_per_page,
			));

		// Show the pages before the current one. (prev page 1 ... >6 7< [8] 9 10 ... 15 next page)
		for ($nCont = $PageContiguous; $nCont >= 1; $nCont--)
			if ($start >= $num_per_page * $nCont)
			{
				$tmpStart = $start - $num_per_page * $nCont;
				$pageindex .= sprintf($base_link, $tmpStart, $tmpStart / $num_per_page + 1);
			}

		// Show the current page. (prev page 1 ... 6 7 >[8]< 9 10 ... 15 next page)
		if (!$start_invalid)
			$pageindex .= sprintf($settings['page_index']['current_page'], $start / $num_per_page + 1);
		else
			$pageindex .= sprintf($base_link, $start, $start / $num_per_page + 1);

		// Show the pages after the current one... (prev page 1 ... 6 7 [8] >9 10< ... 15 next page)
		$tmpMaxPages = (int) (($max_value - 1) / $num_per_page) * $num_per_page;
		for ($nCont = 1; $nCont <= $PageContiguous; $nCont++)
			if ($start + $num_per_page * $nCont <= $tmpMaxPages)
			{
				$tmpStart = $start + $num_per_page * $nCont;
				$pageindex .= sprintf($base_link, $tmpStart, $tmpStart / $num_per_page + 1);
			}

		// Show the '...' part near the end. (prev page 1 ... 6 7 [8] 9 10 >...< 15 next page)
		if ($start + $num_per_page * ($PageContiguous + 1) < $tmpMaxPages)
			$pageindex .= strtr($settings['page_index']['expand_pages'], array(
				'{LINK}' => JavaScriptEscape($smcFunc['htmlspecialchars']($base_link)),
				'{FIRST_PAGE}' => $start + $num_per_page * ($PageContiguous + 1),
				'{LAST_PAGE}' => $tmpMaxPages,
				'{PER_PAGE}' => $num_per_page,
			));

		// Show the last number in the list. (prev page 1 ... 6 7 [8] 9 10 ... >15<  next page)
		if ($start + $num_per_page * $PageContiguous < $tmpMaxPages)
			$pageindex .= sprintf($base_link, $tmpMaxPages, $tmpMaxPages / $num_per_page + 1);

		// Show the "next page" link. (prev page 1 ... 6 7 [8] 9 10 ... 15 >next page<)
		if ($start != $tmpMaxPages && $show_prevnext)
			$pageindex .= sprintf($base_link, $start + $num_per_page, $settings['page_index']['next_page']);
	}
	$pageindex .= $settings['page_index']['extra_after'];

	return $pageindex;
}

/**
 * - Formats a number.
 * - uses the format of number_format to decide how to format the number.
 *   for example, it might display "1 234,50".
 * - caches the formatting data from the setting for optimization.
 *
 * @param float $number A number
 * @param bool|int $override_decimal_count If set, will use the specified number of decimal places. Otherwise it's automatically determined
 * @return string A formatted number
 */
function comma_format($number, $override_decimal_count = false)
{
	global $txt;
	static $thousands_separator = null, $decimal_separator = null, $decimal_count = null;

	// Cache these values...
	if ($decimal_separator === null)
	{
		// Not set for whatever reason?
		if (empty($txt['number_format']) || preg_match('~^1([^\d]*)?234([^\d]*)(0*?)$~', $txt['number_format'], $matches) != 1)
			return $number;

		// Cache these each load...
		$thousands_separator = $matches[1];
		$decimal_separator = $matches[2];
		$decimal_count = strlen($matches[3]);
	}

	// Format the string with our friend, number_format.
	return number_format($number, (float) $number === $number ? ($override_decimal_count === false ? $decimal_count : $override_decimal_count) : 0, $decimal_separator, $thousands_separator);
	return number_format($number, /** @scrutinizer ignore-type */ (float) $number === $number ? ($override_decimal_count === false ? $decimal_count : $override_decimal_count) : 0, $decimal_separator, $thousands_separator);
}

/**
 * Format a time to make it look purdy.
 *
 * - returns a pretty formatted version of time based on the user's format in $user_info['time_format'].
 * - applies all necessary time offsets to the timestamp, unless offset_type is set.
 * - if todayMod is set and show_today was not not specified or true, an
 *   alternate format string is used to show the date with something to show it is "today" or "yesterday".
 * - performs localization (more than just strftime would do alone.)
 *
 * @param int $log_time A timestamp
 * @param bool $show_today Whether to show "Today"/"Yesterday" or just a date
 * @param bool|string $offset_type If false, uses both user time offset and forum offset. If 'forum', uses only the forum offset. Otherwise no offset is applied.
 * @param bool $process_safe Activate setlocale check for changes at runtime. Slower, but safer.
 * @return string A formatted timestamp
 */
function timeformat($log_time, $show_today = true, $offset_type = false, $process_safe = false)
{
	global $context, $user_info, $txt, $modSettings;
	static $non_twelve_hour, $locale, $now;
	static $unsupportedFormats, $finalizedFormats;

	$unsupportedFormatsWindows = array('z', 'Z');

	// Ensure required values are set
	$user_info['time_offset'] = !empty($user_info['time_offset']) ? $user_info['time_offset'] : 0;
	$modSettings['time_offset'] = !empty($modSettings['time_offset']) ? $modSettings['time_offset'] : 0;
	$user_info['time_format'] = !empty($user_info['time_format']) ? $user_info['time_format'] : (!empty($modSettings['time_format']) ? $modSettings['time_format'] : '%F %H:%M');

	// Offset the time.
	if (!$offset_type)
		$log_time = $log_time + ($user_info['time_offset'] + $modSettings['time_offset']) * 3600;
	// Just the forum offset?
	elseif ($offset_type == 'forum')
		$log_time = $log_time + $modSettings['time_offset'] * 3600;

	// We can't have a negative date (on Windows, at least.)
	if ($log_time < 0)
		$log_time = 0;

	// Today and Yesterday?
	$prefix = '';
	if ($modSettings['todayMod'] >= 1 && $show_today === true)
	{
		$now_time = forum_time();

		if ($now_time - $log_time < (86400 * $modSettings['todayMod']))
		{
			$then = @getdate($log_time);
			$now = (!empty($now) ? $now : @getdate($now_time));

			// Same day of the year, same year.... Today!
			if ($then['yday'] == $now['yday'] && $then['year'] == $now['year'])
			{
				$prefix = $txt['today'];
			}
			// Day-of-year is one less and same year, or it's the first of the year and that's the last of the year...
			elseif ($modSettings['todayMod'] == '2' && (($then['yday'] == $now['yday'] - 1 && $then['year'] == $now['year']) || ($now['yday'] == 0 && $then['year'] == $now['year'] - 1) && $then['mon'] == 12 && $then['mday'] == 31))
			{
				$prefix = $txt['yesterday'];
			}
		}
	}

	$str = !is_bool($show_today) ? $show_today : $user_info['time_format'];


	// Use the cached formats if available
	if (is_null($finalizedFormats))
		$finalizedFormats = (array) cache_get_data('timeformatstrings', 86400);

	if (!isset($finalizedFormats[$str]) || !is_array($finalizedFormats[$str]))
		$finalizedFormats[$str] = array();

	// Make a supported version for this format if we don't already have one
	$format_type = !empty($prefix) ? 'time_only' : 'normal';
	if (empty($finalizedFormats[$str][$format_type]))
	{
		$timeformat = $format_type == 'time_only' ? get_date_or_time_format('time', $str) : $str;

		// Not all systems support all formats, and Windows fails altogether if unsupported ones are
		// used, so let's prevent that. Some substitutions go to the nearest reasonable fallback, some
		// turn into static strings, some (i.e. %a, %A, %b, %B, %p) have special handling below.
		$strftimeFormatSubstitutions = array(
			// Day
			'a' => '#txt_days_short_%w#', 'A' => '#txt_days_%w#', 'e' => '%d', 'd' => '&#37;d', 'j' => '&#37;j', 'u' => '%w', 'w' => '&#37;w',
			// Week
			'U' => '&#37;U', 'V' => '%U', 'W' => '%U',
			// Month
			'b' => '#txt_months_short_%m#', 'B' => '#txt_months_%m#', 'h' => '%b', 'm' => '&#37;m',
			// Year
			'C' => '&#37;C', 'g' => '%y', 'G' => '%Y', 'y' => '&#37;y', 'Y' => '&#37;Y',
			// Time
			'H' => '&#37;H', 'k' => '%H', 'I' => '%H', 'l' => '%I', 'M' => '&#37;M', 'p' => '&#37;p', 'P' => '%p',
			'r' => '%I:%M:%S %p', 'R' => '%H:%M', 'S' => '&#37;S', 'T' => '%H:%M:%S', 'X' => '%T', 'z' => '&#37;z', 'Z' => '&#37;Z',
			// Time and Date Stamps
			'c' => '%F %T', 'D' => '%m/%d/%y', 'F' => '%Y-%m-%d', 's' => '&#37;s', 'x' => '%F',
			// Miscellaneous
			'n' => "\n", 't' => "\t", '%' => '&#37;',
		);

		// No need to do this part again if we already did it once
		if (is_null($unsupportedFormats))
			$unsupportedFormats = (array) cache_get_data('unsupportedtimeformats', 86400);
		if (empty($unsupportedFormats))
		{
			foreach ($strftimeFormatSubstitutions as $format => $substitution)
			{
				// Avoid a crashing bug with PHP 7 on certain versions of Windows
				if ($context['server']['is_windows'] && in_array($format, $unsupportedFormatsWindows))
				{
					$unsupportedFormats[] = $format;
					continue;
				}

				$value = @strftime('%' . $format);

				// Windows will return false for unsupported formats
				// Other operating systems return the format string as a literal
				if ($value === false || $value === $format)
					$unsupportedFormats[] = $format;
			}
			cache_put_data('unsupportedtimeformats', $unsupportedFormats, 86400);
		}

		// Windows needs extra help if $timeformat contains something completely invalid, e.g. '%Q'
		if (DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR === '\\')
			$timeformat = preg_replace('~%(?!' . implode('|', array_keys($strftimeFormatSubstitutions)) . ')~', '&#37;', $timeformat);

		// Substitute unsupported formats with supported ones
		if (!empty($unsupportedFormats))
			while (preg_match('~%(' . implode('|', $unsupportedFormats) . ')~', $timeformat, $matches))
				$timeformat = str_replace($matches[0], $strftimeFormatSubstitutions[$matches[1]], $timeformat);

		// Remember this so we don't need to do it again
		$finalizedFormats[$str][$format_type] = $timeformat;
		cache_put_data('timeformatstrings', $finalizedFormats, 86400);
	}

	$timeformat = $finalizedFormats[$str][$format_type];

	// Make sure we are using the correct locale.
	if (!isset($locale) || ($process_safe === true && setlocale(LC_TIME, '0') != $locale))
		$locale = setlocale(LC_TIME, array($txt['lang_locale'] . '.' . $modSettings['global_character_set'], $txt['lang_locale'] . '.' . $txt['lang_character_set'], $txt['lang_locale']));

	// If the current locale is unsupported, we'll have to localize the hard way.
	if ($locale === false)
	{
		$timeformat = strtr($timeformat, array(
			'%a' => '#txt_days_short_%w#',
			'%A' => '#txt_days_%w#',
			'%b' => '#txt_months_short_%m#',
			'%B' => '#txt_months_%m#',
			'%p' => '&#37;p',
			'%P' => '&#37;p'
		));
	}
	// Just in case the locale doesn't support '%p' properly.
	// @todo Is this even necessary?
	else
	{
		if (!isset($non_twelve_hour) && strpos($timeformat, '%p') !== false)
			$non_twelve_hour = trim(strftime('%p')) === '';

		if (!empty($non_twelve_hour))
			$timeformat = strtr($timeformat, array(
				'%p' => '&#37;p',
				'%P' => '&#37;p'
			));
	}

	// And now, the moment we've all be waiting for...
	$timestring = strftime($timeformat, $log_time);

	// Do-it-yourself time localization.  Fun.
	if (strpos($timestring, '&#37;p') !== false)
		$timestring = str_replace('&#37;p', (strftime('%H', $log_time) < 12 ? $txt['time_am'] : $txt['time_pm']), $timestring);
	if (strpos($timestring, '#txt_') !== false)
	{
		if (strpos($timestring, '#txt_days_short_') !== false)
			$timestring = strtr($timestring, array(
				'#txt_days_short_0#' => $txt['days_short'][0],
				'#txt_days_short_1#' => $txt['days_short'][1],
				'#txt_days_short_2#' => $txt['days_short'][2],
				'#txt_days_short_3#' => $txt['days_short'][3],
				'#txt_days_short_4#' => $txt['days_short'][4],
				'#txt_days_short_5#' => $txt['days_short'][5],
				'#txt_days_short_6#' => $txt['days_short'][6],
			));

		if (strpos($timestring, '#txt_days_') !== false)
			$timestring = strtr($timestring, array(
				'#txt_days_0#' => $txt['days'][0],
				'#txt_days_1#' => $txt['days'][1],
				'#txt_days_2#' => $txt['days'][2],
				'#txt_days_3#' => $txt['days'][3],
				'#txt_days_4#' => $txt['days'][4],
				'#txt_days_5#' => $txt['days'][5],
				'#txt_days_6#' => $txt['days'][6],
			));

		if (strpos($timestring, '#txt_months_short_') !== false)
			$timestring = strtr($timestring, array(
				'#txt_months_short_01#' => $txt['months_short'][1],
				'#txt_months_short_02#' => $txt['months_short'][2],
				'#txt_months_short_03#' => $txt['months_short'][3],
				'#txt_months_short_04#' => $txt['months_short'][4],
				'#txt_months_short_05#' => $txt['months_short'][5],
				'#txt_months_short_06#' => $txt['months_short'][6],
				'#txt_months_short_07#' => $txt['months_short'][7],
				'#txt_months_short_08#' => $txt['months_short'][8],
				'#txt_months_short_09#' => $txt['months_short'][9],
				'#txt_months_short_10#' => $txt['months_short'][10],
				'#txt_months_short_11#' => $txt['months_short'][11],
				'#txt_months_short_12#' => $txt['months_short'][12],
			));

		if (strpos($timestring, '#txt_months_') !== false)
			$timestring = strtr($timestring, array(
				'#txt_months_01#' => $txt['months'][1],
				'#txt_months_02#' => $txt['months'][2],
				'#txt_months_03#' => $txt['months'][3],
				'#txt_months_04#' => $txt['months'][4],
				'#txt_months_05#' => $txt['months'][5],
				'#txt_months_06#' => $txt['months'][6],
				'#txt_months_07#' => $txt['months'][7],
				'#txt_months_08#' => $txt['months'][8],
				'#txt_months_09#' => $txt['months'][9],
				'#txt_months_10#' => $txt['months'][10],
				'#txt_months_11#' => $txt['months'][11],
				'#txt_months_12#' => $txt['months'][12],
			));
	}

	// Restore any literal percent characters, add the prefix, and we're done.
	return $prefix . str_replace('&#37;', '%', $timestring);
}

/**
 * Gets a version of a strftime() format that only shows the date or time components
 *
 * @param string $type Either 'date' or 'time'.
 * @param string $format A strftime() format to process. Defaults to $user_info['time_format'].
 * @return string A strftime() format string
 */
function get_date_or_time_format($type = '', $format = '')
{
	global $user_info, $modSettings;
	static $formats;

	// If the format is invalid, fall back to defaults.
	if (strpos($format, '%') === false)
		$format = !empty($user_info['time_format']) ? $user_info['time_format'] : (!empty($modSettings['time_format']) ? $modSettings['time_format'] : '%F %k:%M');

	$orig_format = $format;

	// Have we already done this?
	if (isset($formats[$orig_format][$type]))
		return $formats[$orig_format][$type];

	if ($type === 'date')
	{
		$specifications = array(
			// Day
			'%a' => '%a', '%A' => '%A', '%e' => '%e', '%d' => '%d', '%j' => '%j', '%u' => '%u', '%w' => '%w',
			// Week
			'%U' => '%U', '%V' => '%V', '%W' => '%W',
			// Month
			'%b' => '%b', '%B' => '%B', '%h' => '%h', '%m' => '%m',
			// Year
			'%C' => '%C', '%g' => '%g', '%G' => '%G', '%y' => '%y', '%Y' => '%Y',
			// Time
			'%H' => '', '%k' => '', '%I' => '', '%l' => '', '%M' => '', '%p' => '', '%P' => '',
			'%r' => '', '%R' => '', '%S' => '', '%T' => '', '%X' => '', '%z' => '', '%Z' => '',
			// Time and Date Stamps
			'%c' => '%x', '%D' => '%D', '%F' => '%F', '%s' => '%s', '%x' => '%x',
			// Miscellaneous
			'%n' => '', '%t' => '', '%%' => '%%',
		);

		$default_format = '%F';
	}
	elseif ($type === 'time')
	{
		$specifications = array(
			// Day
			'%a' => '', '%A' => '', '%e' => '', '%d' => '', '%j' => '', '%u' => '', '%w' => '',
			// Week
			'%U' => '', '%V' => '', '%W' => '',
			// Month
			'%b' => '', '%B' => '', '%h' => '', '%m' => '',
			// Year
			'%C' => '', '%g' => '', '%G' => '', '%y' => '', '%Y' => '',
			// Time
			'%H' => '%H', '%k' => '%k', '%I' => '%I', '%l' => '%l', '%M' => '%M', '%p' => '%p', '%P' => '%P',
			'%r' => '%r', '%R' => '%R', '%S' => '%S', '%T' => '%T', '%X' => '%X', '%z' => '%z', '%Z' => '%Z',
			// Time and Date Stamps
			'%c' => '%X', '%D' => '', '%F' => '', '%s' => '%s', '%x' => '',
			// Miscellaneous
			'%n' => '', '%t' => '', '%%' => '%%',
		);

		$default_format = '%k:%M';
	}
	// Invalid type requests just get the full format string.
	else
		return $format;

	// Separate the specifications we want from the ones we don't.
	$wanted = array_filter($specifications);
	$unwanted = array_diff(array_keys($specifications), $wanted);

	// First, make any necessary substitutions in the format.
	$format = strtr($format, $wanted);

	// Next, strip out any specifications and literal text that we don't want.
	$format_parts = preg_split('~%[' . (strtr(implode('', $unwanted), array('%' => ''))) . ']~u', $format);

	foreach ($format_parts as $p => $f)
	{
		if (strpos($f, '%') === false)
			unset($format_parts[$p]);
	}

	$format = implode('', $format_parts);
	$format = implode('', /** @scrutinizer ignore-type */ $format_parts);

	// Finally, strip out any unwanted leftovers.
	// For info on the charcter classes used here, see https://www.php.net/manual/en/regexp.reference.unicode.php and https://www.regular-expressions.info/unicode.html
	$format = preg_replace(
		array(
			// Anything that isn't a specification, punctuation mark, or whitespace.
			'~(?<!%)\p{L}|[^\p{L}\p{P}\s]~u',
			// A series of punctuation marks (except %), possibly separated by whitespace.
			'~([^%\P{P}])(\s*)(?'.'>(\1|[^%\P{Po}])\s*(?!$))*~u',
			// Unwanted trailing punctuation and whitespace.
			'~(?'.'>([\p{Pd}\p{Ps}\p{Pi}\p{Pc}]|[^%\P{Po}])\s*)*$~u',
			// Unwanted opening punctuation and whitespace.
			'~^\s*(?'.'>([\p{Pd}\p{Pe}\p{Pf}\p{Pc}]|[^%\P{Po}])\s*)*~u',
		),
		array(
			'',
			'$1$2',
			'',
			'',
		),
		$format
	);

	// Gotta have something...
	if (empty($format))
		$format = $default_format;

	// Remember what we've done.
	$formats[$orig_format][$type] = trim($format);

	return $formats[$orig_format][$type];
}

/**
 * Replaces special entities in strings with the real characters.
 *
 * Functionally equivalent to htmlspecialchars_decode(), except that this also
 * replaces '&nbsp;' with a simple space character.
 *
 * @param string $string A string
 * @return string The string without entities
 */
function un_htmlspecialchars($string)
{
	global $context;
	static $translation = array();

	// Determine the character set... Default to UTF-8
	if (empty($context['character_set']))
		$charset = 'UTF-8';
	// Use ISO-8859-1 in place of non-supported ISO-8859 charsets...
	elseif (strpos($context['character_set'], 'ISO-8859-') !== false && !in_array($context['character_set'], array('ISO-8859-5', 'ISO-8859-15')))
		$charset = 'ISO-8859-1';
	else
		$charset = $context['character_set'];

	if (empty($translation))
		$translation = array_flip(get_html_translation_table(HTML_SPECIALCHARS, ENT_QUOTES, $charset)) + array('&#039;' => '\'', '&#39;' => '\'', '&nbsp;' => ' ');

	return strtr($string, $translation);
}

/**
 * Shorten a subject + internationalization concerns.
 *
 * - shortens a subject so that it is either shorter than length, or that length plus an ellipsis.
 * - respects internationalization characters and entities as one character.
 * - avoids trailing entities.
 * - returns the shortened string.
 *
 * @param string $subject The subject
 * @param int $len How many characters to limit it to
 * @return string The shortened subject - either the entire subject (if it's <= $len) or the subject shortened to $len characters with "..." appended
 */
function shorten_subject($subject, $len)
{
	global $smcFunc;

	// It was already short enough!
	if ($smcFunc['strlen']($subject) <= $len)
		return $subject;

	// Shorten it by the length it was too long, and strip off junk from the end.
	return $smcFunc['substr']($subject, 0, $len) . '...';
}

/**
 * Gets the current time with offset.
 *
 * - always applies the offset in the time_offset setting.
 *
 * @param bool $use_user_offset Whether to apply the user's offset as well
 * @param int $timestamp A timestamp (null to use current time)
 * @return int Seconds since the unix epoch, with forum time offset and (optionally) user time offset applied
 */
function forum_time($use_user_offset = true, $timestamp = null)
{
	global $user_info, $modSettings;

	if ($timestamp === null)
		$timestamp = time();
	elseif ($timestamp == 0)
		return 0;

	return $timestamp + ($modSettings['time_offset'] + ($use_user_offset ? $user_info['time_offset'] : 0)) * 3600;
}

/**
 * Calculates all the possible permutations (orders) of array.
 * should not be called on huge arrays (bigger than like 10 elements.)
 * returns an array containing each permutation.
 *
 * @deprecated since 2.1
 * @param array $array An array
 * @return array An array containing each permutation
 */
function permute($array)
{
	$orders = array($array);

	$n = count($array);
	$p = range(0, $n);
	for ($i = 1; $i < $n; null)
	{
		$p[$i]--;
		$j = $i % 2 != 0 ? $p[$i] : 0;

		$temp = $array[$i];
		$array[$i] = $array[$j];
		$array[$j] = $temp;

		for ($i = 1; $p[$i] == 0; $i++)
			$p[$i] = 1;

		$orders[] = $array;
	}

	return $orders;
}

/**
 * Parse bulletin board code in a string, as well as smileys optionally.
 *
 * - only parses bbc tags which are not disabled in disabledBBC.
 * - handles basic HTML, if enablePostHTML is on.
 * - caches the from/to replace regular expressions so as not to reload them every time a string is parsed.
 * - only parses smileys if smileys is true.
 * - does nothing if the enableBBC setting is off.
 * - uses the cache_id as a unique identifier to facilitate any caching it may do.
 * - returns the modified message.
 *
 * @param string|bool $message The message.
 *		When a empty string, nothing is done.
 *		When false we provide a list of BBC codes available.
 *		When a string, the message is parsed and bbc handled.
 * @param bool $smileys Whether to parse smileys as well
 * @param string $cache_id The cache ID
 * @param array $parse_tags If set, only parses these tags rather than all of them
 * @return string The parsed message
 */
function parse_bbc($message, $smileys = true, $cache_id = '', $parse_tags = array())
{
	global $smcFunc, $txt, $scripturl, $context, $modSettings, $user_info, $sourcedir, $cache_enable;
	static $bbc_lang_locales = array(), $itemcodes = array(), $no_autolink_tags = array();
	static $disabled, $alltags_regex = '', $param_regexes = array();

	// Don't waste cycles
	if ($message === '')
		return '';

	// Just in case it wasn't determined yet whether UTF-8 is enabled.
	if (!isset($context['utf8']))
		$context['utf8'] = (empty($modSettings['global_character_set']) ? $txt['lang_character_set'] : $modSettings['global_character_set']) === 'UTF-8';

	// Clean up any cut/paste issues we may have
	$message = sanitizeMSCutPaste($message);

	// If the load average is too high, don't parse the BBC.
	if (!empty($context['load_average']) && !empty($modSettings['bbc']) && $context['load_average'] >= $modSettings['bbc'])
	{
		$context['disabled_parse_bbc'] = true;
		return $message;
	}

	if ($smileys !== null && ($smileys == '1' || $smileys == '0'))
		$smileys = (bool) $smileys;

	if (empty($modSettings['enableBBC']) && $message !== false)
	{
		if ($smileys === true)
			parsesmileys($message);

		return $message;
	}

	// If we already have a version of the BBCodes for the current language, use that. Otherwise, make one.
	if (!empty($bbc_lang_locales[$txt['lang_locale']]))
		$bbc_codes = $bbc_lang_locales[$txt['lang_locale']];
	else
		$bbc_codes = array();

	// If we are not doing every tag then we don't cache this run.
	if (!empty($parse_tags))
		$bbc_codes = array();

	// Ensure $modSettings['tld_regex'] contains a valid regex for the autolinker
	if (!empty($modSettings['autoLinkUrls']))
		set_tld_regex();

	// Allow mods access before entering the main parse_bbc loop
	call_integration_hook('integrate_pre_parsebbc', array(&$message, &$smileys, &$cache_id, &$parse_tags));

	// Sift out the bbc for a performance improvement.
	if (empty($bbc_codes) || $message === false || !empty($parse_tags))
	{
		if (!empty($modSettings['disabledBBC']))
		{
			$disabled = array();

			$temp = explode(',', strtolower($modSettings['disabledBBC']));

			foreach ($temp as $tag)
				$disabled[trim($tag)] = true;

			if (in_array('color', $disabled))
				$disabled = array_merge($disabled, array(
					'black' => true,
					'white' => true,
					'red' => true,
					'green' => true,
					'blue' => true,
					)
				);
		}

		// The YouTube bbc needs this for its origin parameter
		$scripturl_parts = parse_url($scripturl);
		$hosturl = $scripturl_parts['scheme'] . '://' . $scripturl_parts['host'];

		/* The following bbc are formatted as an array, with keys as follows:

			tag: the tag's name - should be lowercase!

			type: one of...
				- (missing): [tag]parsed content[/tag]
				- unparsed_equals: [tag=xyz]parsed content[/tag]
				- parsed_equals: [tag=parsed data]parsed content[/tag]
				- unparsed_content: [tag]unparsed content[/tag]
				- closed: [tag], [tag/], [tag /]
				- unparsed_commas: [tag=1,2,3]parsed content[/tag]
				- unparsed_commas_content: [tag=1,2,3]unparsed content[/tag]
				- unparsed_equals_content: [tag=...]unparsed content[/tag]

			parameters: an optional array of parameters, for the form
			  [tag abc=123]content[/tag].  The array is an associative array
			  where the keys are the parameter names, and the values are an
			  array which may contain the following:
				- match: a regular expression to validate and match the value.
				- quoted: true if the value should be quoted.
				- validate: callback to evaluate on the data, which is $data.
				- value: a string in which to replace $1 with the data.
					Either value or validate may be used, not both.
				- optional: true if the parameter is optional.
				- default: a default value for missing optional parameters.

			test: a regular expression to test immediately after the tag's
			  '=', ' ' or ']'.  Typically, should have a \] at the end.
			  Optional.

			content: only available for unparsed_content, closed,
			  unparsed_commas_content, and unparsed_equals_content.
			  $1 is replaced with the content of the tag.  Parameters
			  are replaced in the form {param}.  For unparsed_commas_content,
			  $2, $3, ..., $n are replaced.

			before: only when content is not used, to go before any
			  content.  For unparsed_equals, $1 is replaced with the value.
			  For unparsed_commas, $1, $2, ..., $n are replaced.

			after: similar to before in every way, except that it is used
			  when the tag is closed.

			disabled_content: used in place of content when the tag is
			  disabled.  For closed, default is '', otherwise it is '$1' if
			  block_level is false, '<div>$1</div>' elsewise.

			disabled_before: used in place of before when disabled.  Defaults
			  to '<div>' if block_level, '' if not.

			disabled_after: used in place of after when disabled.  Defaults
			  to '</div>' if block_level, '' if not.

			block_level: set to true the tag is a "block level" tag, similar
			  to HTML.  Block level tags cannot be nested inside tags that are
			  not block level, and will not be implicitly closed as easily.
			  One break following a block level tag may also be removed.

			trim: if set, and 'inside' whitespace after the begin tag will be
			  removed.  If set to 'outside', whitespace after the end tag will
			  meet the same fate.

			validate: except when type is missing or 'closed', a callback to
			  validate the data as $data.  Depending on the tag's type, $data
			  may be a string or an array of strings (corresponding to the
			  replacement.)

			quoted: when type is 'unparsed_equals' or 'parsed_equals' only,
			  may be not set, 'optional', or 'required' corresponding to if
			  the content may be quoted.  This allows the parser to read
			  [tag="abc]def[esdf]"] properly.

			require_parents: an array of tag names, or not set.  If set, the
			  enclosing tag *must* be one of the listed tags, or parsing won't
			  occur.

			require_children: similar to require_parents, if set children
			  won't be parsed if they are not in the list.

			disallow_children: similar to, but very different from,
			  require_children, if it is set the listed tags will not be
			  parsed inside the tag.

			parsed_tags_allowed: an array restricting what BBC can be in the
			  parsed_equals parameter, if desired.
		*/

		$codes = array(
			array(
				'tag' => 'abbr',
				'type' => 'unparsed_equals',
				'before' => '<abbr title="$1">',
				'after' => '</abbr>',
				'quoted' => 'optional',
				'disabled_after' => ' ($1)',
			),
			// Legacy (and just an alias for [abbr] even when enabled)
			array(
				'tag' => 'acronym',
				'type' => 'unparsed_equals',
				'before' => '<abbr title="$1">',
				'after' => '</abbr>',
				'quoted' => 'optional',
				'disabled_after' => ' ($1)',
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'anchor',
				'type' => 'unparsed_equals',
				'test' => '[#]?([A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9_\-]*)\]',
				'before' => '<span id="post_$1">',
				'after' => '</span>',
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'attach',
				'type' => 'unparsed_content',
				'parameters' => array(
					'id' => array('match' => '(\d+)'),
					'alt' => array('optional' => true),
					'width' => array('optional' => true, 'match' => '(\d+)'),
					'height' => array('optional' => true, 'match' => '(\d+)'),
					'display' => array('optional' => true, 'match' => '(link|embed)'),
				),
				'content' => '$1',
				'validate' => function(&$tag, &$data, $disabled, $params) use ($modSettings, $context, $sourcedir, $txt, $smcFunc)

				{
					$returnContext = '';

					// BBC or the entire attachments feature is disabled
					if (empty($modSettings['attachmentEnable']) || !empty($disabled['attach']))
						return $data;

					// Save the attach ID.
					$attachID = $params['{id}'];

					// Kinda need this.
					require_once($sourcedir . '/Subs-Attachments.php');

					$currentAttachment = parseAttachBBC($attachID);

					// parseAttachBBC will return a string ($txt key) rather than dying with a fatal_error. Up to you to decide what to do.
					if (is_string($currentAttachment))
						return $data = !empty($txt[$currentAttachment]) ? $txt[$currentAttachment] : $currentAttachment;

					// We need a display mode.
					if (empty($params['{display}']))
					{
						// Images, video, and audio are embedded by default.
						if (!empty($currentAttachment['is_image']) || strpos($currentAttachment['mime_type'], 'video/') === 0 || strpos($currentAttachment['mime_type'], 'audio/') === 0)
							$params['{display}'] = 'embed';
						// Anything else shows a link by default.
						else
							$params['{display}'] = 'link';
					}

					// Embedded file.
					if ($params['{display}'] == 'embed')
					{
						$alt = ' alt="' . (!empty($params['{alt}']) ? $params['{alt}'] : $currentAttachment['name']) . '"';
						$title = !empty($data) ? ' title="' . $smcFunc['htmlspecialchars']($data) . '"' : '';

						$width = !empty($params['{width}']) ? $params['{width}'] : (!empty($currentAttachment['width']) ? $currentAttachment['width'] : '');
						$height = !empty($params['{height}']) ? $params['{height}'] : (!empty($currentAttachment['height']) ? $currentAttachment['height'] : '');

						// Image.
						if (!empty($currentAttachment['is_image']))
						{
							$width = !empty($width) ? ' width="' . $width . '"' : '';
							$height = !empty($height) ? ' height="' . $height . '"' : '';

							if ($currentAttachment['thumbnail']['has_thumb'] && empty($params['{width}']) && empty($params['{height}']))
								$returnContext .= '<a href="' . $currentAttachment['href'] . ';image" id="link_' . $currentAttachment['id'] . '" onclick="' . $currentAttachment['thumbnail']['javascript'] . '"><img src="' . $currentAttachment['thumbnail']['href'] . '"' . $alt . $title . ' id="thumb_' . $currentAttachment['id'] . '" class="atc_img"></a>';
							else
								$returnContext .= '<img src="' . $currentAttachment['href'] . ';image"' . $alt . $title . $width . $height . ' class="bbc_img"/>';
						}
						// Video.
						elseif (strpos($currentAttachment['mime_type'], 'video/') === 0)
						{
							$width = !empty($width) ? ' width="' . $width . '"' : '';
							$height = !empty($height) ? ' height="' . $height . '"' : '';

							$returnContext .= '<div class="videocontainer"><div><video controls preload="none" src="'. $currentAttachment['href'] . '" playsinline' . $width . $height . ' style="object-fit:contain;"><a href="' . $currentAttachment['href'] . '" class="bbc_link">' . $smcFunc['htmlspecialchars'](!empty($data) ? $data : $currentAttachment['name']) . '</a></video></div></div>' . (!empty($data) && $data != $currentAttachment['name'] ? '<div class="smalltext">' . $data . '</div>' : '');
						}
						// Audio.
						elseif (strpos($currentAttachment['mime_type'], 'audio/') === 0)
						{
							$width = 'max-width:100%; width: ' . (!empty($width) ? $width : '400') . 'px;';
							$height = !empty($height) ? 'height: ' . $height . 'px;' : '';

							$returnContext .= (!empty($data) && $data != $currentAttachment['name'] ? $data . ' ' : '') . '<audio controls preload="none" src="'. $currentAttachment['href'] . '" class="bbc_audio" style="vertical-align:middle;' . $width . $height . '"><a href="' . $currentAttachment['href'] . '" class="bbc_link">' . $smcFunc['htmlspecialchars'](!empty($data) ? $data : $currentAttachment['name']) . '</a></audio>';
						}
						// Anything else.
						else
						{
							$width = !empty($width) ? ' width="' . $width . '"' : '';
							$height = !empty($height) ? ' height="' . $height . '"' : '';

							$returnContext .= '<object type="' . $currentAttachment['mime_type'] . '" data="' . $currentAttachment['href'] . '"' . $width . $height . ' typemustmatch><a href="' . $currentAttachment['href'] . '" class="bbc_link">' . $smcFunc['htmlspecialchars'](!empty($data) ? $data : $currentAttachment['name']) . '</a></object>';
						}
					}

					// No image. Show a link.
					else
						$returnContext .= '<a href="' . $currentAttachment['href'] . '" class="bbc_link">' . $smcFunc['htmlspecialchars'](!empty($data) ? $data : $currentAttachment['name']) . '</a>';

					// Gotta append what we just did.
					$data = $returnContext;
				},
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'b',
				'before' => '<b>',
				'after' => '</b>',
			),
			// Legacy (equivalent to [ltr] or [rtl])
			array(
				'tag' => 'bdo',
				'type' => 'unparsed_equals',
				'before' => '<bdo dir="$1">',
				'after' => '</bdo>',
				'test' => '(rtl|ltr)\]',
				'block_level' => true,
			),
			// Legacy (alias of [color=black])
			array(
				'tag' => 'black',
				'before' => '<span style="color: black;" class="bbc_color">',
				'after' => '</span>',
			),
			// Legacy (alias of [color=blue])
			array(
				'tag' => 'blue',
				'before' => '<span style="color: blue;" class="bbc_color">',
				'after' => '</span>',
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'br',
				'type' => 'closed',
				'content' => '<br>',
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'center',
				'before' => '<div class="centertext">',
				'after' => '</div>',
				'block_level' => true,
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'code',
				'type' => 'unparsed_content',
				'content' => '<div class="codeheader"><span class="code floatleft">' . $txt['code'] . '</span> <a class="codeoperation smf_select_text">' . $txt['code_select'] . '</a> <a class="codeoperation smf_expand_code hidden" data-shrink-txt="' . $txt['code_shrink'] . '" data-expand-txt="' . $txt['code_expand'] . '">' . $txt['code_expand'] . '</a></div><code class="bbc_code">$1</code>',
				// @todo Maybe this can be simplified?
				'validate' => isset($disabled['code']) ? null : function(&$tag, &$data, $disabled) use ($context)
				{
					if (!isset($disabled['code']))
					{
						$php_parts = preg_split('~(&lt;\?php|\?&gt;)~', $data, -1, PREG_SPLIT_DELIM_CAPTURE);

						for ($php_i = 0, $php_n = count($php_parts); $php_i < $php_n; $php_i++)
						for ($php_i = 0, $php_n = count(/** @scrutinizer ignore-type */ $php_parts); $php_i < $php_n; $php_i++)
						{
							// Do PHP code coloring?
							if ($php_parts[$php_i] != '&lt;?php')
								continue;

							$php_string = '';
							while ($php_i + 1 < count($php_parts) && $php_parts[$php_i] != '?&gt;')
							{
								$php_string .= $php_parts[$php_i];
								$php_parts[$php_i++] = '';
							}
							$php_parts[$php_i] = highlight_php_code($php_string . $php_parts[$php_i]);
						}

						// Fix the PHP code stuff...
						$data = str_replace("<pre style=\"display: inline;\">\t</pre>", "\t", implode('', $php_parts));
						$data = str_replace("<pre style=\"display: inline;\">\t</pre>", "\t", implode('', /** @scrutinizer ignore-type */ $php_parts));
						$data = str_replace("\t", "<span style=\"white-space: pre;\">\t</span>", $data);

						// Recent Opera bug requiring temporary fix. &nsbp; is needed before </code> to avoid broken selection.
						if (!empty($context['browser']['is_opera']))
							$data .= '&nbsp;';
					}
				},
				'block_level' => true,
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'code',
				'type' => 'unparsed_equals_content',
				'content' => '<div class="codeheader"><span class="code floatleft">' . $txt['code'] . '</span> ($2) <a class="codeoperation smf_select_text">' . $txt['code_select'] . '</a> <a class="codeoperation smf_expand_code hidden" data-shrink-txt="' . $txt['code_shrink'] . '" data-expand-txt="' . $txt['code_expand'] . '">' . $txt['code_expand'] . '</a></div><code class="bbc_code">$1</code>',
				// @todo Maybe this can be simplified?
				'validate' => isset($disabled['code']) ? null : function(&$tag, &$data, $disabled) use ($context)
				{
					if (!isset($disabled['code']))
					{
						$php_parts = preg_split('~(&lt;\?php|\?&gt;)~', $data[0], -1, PREG_SPLIT_DELIM_CAPTURE);

						for ($php_i = 0, $php_n = count($php_parts); $php_i < $php_n; $php_i++)
						for ($php_i = 0, $php_n = count(/** @scrutinizer ignore-type */ $php_parts); $php_i < $php_n; $php_i++)
						{
							// Do PHP code coloring?
							if ($php_parts[$php_i] != '&lt;?php')
								continue;

							$php_string = '';
							while ($php_i + 1 < count($php_parts) && $php_parts[$php_i] != '?&gt;')
							{
								$php_string .= $php_parts[$php_i];
								$php_parts[$php_i++] = '';
							}
							$php_parts[$php_i] = highlight_php_code($php_string . $php_parts[$php_i]);
						}

						// Fix the PHP code stuff...
						$data[0] = str_replace("<pre style=\"display: inline;\">\t</pre>", "\t", implode('', $php_parts));
						$data[0] = str_replace("<pre style=\"display: inline;\">\t</pre>", "\t", implode('', /** @scrutinizer ignore-type */ $php_parts));
						$data[0] = str_replace("\t", "<span style=\"white-space: pre;\">\t</span>", $data[0]);

						// Recent Opera bug requiring temporary fix. &nsbp; is needed before </code> to avoid broken selection.
						if (!empty($context['browser']['is_opera']))
							$data[0] .= '&nbsp;';
					}
				},
				'block_level' => true,
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'color',
				'type' => 'unparsed_equals',
				'test' => '(#[\da-fA-F]{3}|#[\da-fA-F]{6}|[A-Za-z]{1,20}|rgb\((?:(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)\s?,\s?){2}(?:25[0-5]|2[0-4][0-9]|[01]?[0-9][0-9]?)\))\]',
				'before' => '<span style="color: $1;" class="bbc_color">',
				'after' => '</span>',
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'email',
				'type' => 'unparsed_content',
				'content' => '<a href="mailto:$1" class="bbc_email">$1</a>',
				// @todo Should this respect guest_hideContacts?
				'validate' => function(&$tag, &$data, $disabled)
				{
					$data = strtr($data, array('<br>' => ''));
				},
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'email',
				'type' => 'unparsed_equals',
				'before' => '<a href="mailto:$1" class="bbc_email">',
				'after' => '</a>',
				// @todo Should this respect guest_hideContacts?
				'disallow_children' => array('email', 'ftp', 'url', 'iurl'),
				'disabled_after' => ' ($1)',
			),
			// Legacy (and just a link even when not disabled)
			array(
				'tag' => 'flash',
				'type' => 'unparsed_commas_content',
				'test' => '\d+,\d+\]',
				'content' => '<a href="$1" target="_blank" rel="noopener">$1</a>',
				'validate' => function (&$tag, &$data, $disabled)
				{
					$scheme = parse_url($data[0], PHP_URL_SCHEME);
					if (empty($scheme))
						$data[0] = '//' . ltrim($data[0], ':/');
				},
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'float',
				'type' => 'unparsed_equals',
				'test' => '(left|right)(\s+max=\d+(?:%|px|em|rem|ex|pt|pc|ch|vw|vh|vmin|vmax|cm|mm|in)?)?\]',
				'before' => '<div $1>',
				'after' => '</div>',
				'validate' => function(&$tag, &$data, $disabled)
				{
					$class = 'class="bbc_float float' . (strpos($data, 'left') === 0 ? 'left' : 'right') . '"';

					if (preg_match('~\bmax=(\d+(?:%|px|em|rem|ex|pt|pc|ch|vw|vh|vmin|vmax|cm|mm|in)?)~', $data, $matches))
						$css = ' style="max-width:' . $matches[1] . (is_numeric($matches[1]) ? 'px' : '') . '"';
					else
						$css = '';

					$data = $class . $css;
				},
				'trim' => 'outside',
				'block_level' => true,
			),
			// Legacy (alias of [url] with an FTP URL)
			array(
				'tag' => 'ftp',
				'type' => 'unparsed_content',
				'content' => '<a href="$1" class="bbc_link" target="_blank" rel="noopener">$1</a>',
				'validate' => function(&$tag, &$data, $disabled)
				{
					$data = strtr($data, array('<br>' => ''));
					$scheme = parse_url($data, PHP_URL_SCHEME);
					if (empty($scheme))
						$data = 'ftp://' . ltrim($data, ':/');
				},
			),
			// Legacy (alias of [url] with an FTP URL)
			array(
				'tag' => 'ftp',
				'type' => 'unparsed_equals',
				'before' => '<a href="$1" class="bbc_link" target="_blank" rel="noopener">',
				'after' => '</a>',
				'validate' => function(&$tag, &$data, $disabled)
				{
					$scheme = parse_url($data, PHP_URL_SCHEME);
					if (empty($scheme))
						$data = 'ftp://' . ltrim($data, ':/');
				},
				'disallow_children' => array('email', 'ftp', 'url', 'iurl'),
				'disabled_after' => ' ($1)',
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'font',
				'type' => 'unparsed_equals',
				'test' => '[A-Za-z0-9_,\-\s]+?\]',
				'before' => '<span style="font-family: $1;" class="bbc_font">',
				'after' => '</span>',
			),
			// Legacy (one of those things that should not be done)
			array(
				'tag' => 'glow',
				'type' => 'unparsed_commas',
				'test' => '[#0-9a-zA-Z\-]{3,12},([012]\d{1,2}|\d{1,2})(,[^]]+)?\]',
				'before' => '<span style="text-shadow: $1 1px 1px 1px">',
				'after' => '</span>',
			),
			// Legacy (alias of [color=green])
			array(
				'tag' => 'green',
				'before' => '<span style="color: green;" class="bbc_color">',
				'after' => '</span>',
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'html',
				'type' => 'unparsed_content',
				'content' => '<div>$1</div>',
				'block_level' => true,
				'disabled_content' => '$1',
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'hr',
				'type' => 'closed',
				'content' => '<hr>',
				'block_level' => true,
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'i',
				'before' => '<i>',
				'after' => '</i>',
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'img',
				'type' => 'unparsed_content',
				'parameters' => array(
					'alt' => array('optional' => true),
					'title' => array('optional' => true),
					'width' => array('optional' => true, 'value' => ' width="$1"', 'match' => '(\d+)'),
					'height' => array('optional' => true, 'value' => ' height="$1"', 'match' => '(\d+)'),
				),
				'content' => '<img src="$1" alt="{alt}" title="{title}"{width}{height} class="bbc_img resized">',
				'validate' => function(&$tag, &$data, $disabled)
				{
					$data = strtr($data, array('<br>' => ''));

					if (parse_url($data, PHP_URL_SCHEME) === null)
						$data = '//' . ltrim($data, ':/');
					else
						$data = get_proxied_url($data);
				},
				'disabled_content' => '($1)',
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'img',
				'type' => 'unparsed_content',
				'content' => '<img src="$1" alt="" class="bbc_img">',
				'validate' => function(&$tag, &$data, $disabled)
				{
					$data = strtr($data, array('<br>' => ''));

					if (parse_url($data, PHP_URL_SCHEME) === null)
						$data = '//' . ltrim($data, ':/');
					else
						$data = get_proxied_url($data);
				},
				'disabled_content' => '($1)',
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'iurl',
				'type' => 'unparsed_content',
				'content' => '<a href="$1" class="bbc_link">$1</a>',
				'validate' => function(&$tag, &$data, $disabled)
				{
					$data = strtr($data, array('<br>' => ''));
					$scheme = parse_url($data, PHP_URL_SCHEME);
					if (empty($scheme))
						$data = '//' . ltrim($data, ':/');
				},
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'iurl',
				'type' => 'unparsed_equals',
				'quoted' => 'optional',
				'before' => '<a href="$1" class="bbc_link">',
				'after' => '</a>',
				'validate' => function(&$tag, &$data, $disabled)
				{
					if (substr($data, 0, 1) == '#')
						$data = '#post_' . substr($data, 1);
					else
					{
						$scheme = parse_url($data, PHP_URL_SCHEME);
						if (empty($scheme))
							$data = '//' . ltrim($data, ':/');
					}
				},
				'disallow_children' => array('email', 'ftp', 'url', 'iurl'),
				'disabled_after' => ' ($1)',
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'justify',
				'before' => '<div style="text-align: justify;">',
				'after' => '</div>',
				'block_level' => true,
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'left',
				'before' => '<div style="text-align: left;">',
				'after' => '</div>',
				'block_level' => true,
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'li',
				'before' => '<li>',
				'after' => '</li>',
				'trim' => 'outside',
				'require_parents' => array('list'),
				'block_level' => true,
				'disabled_before' => '',
				'disabled_after' => '<br>',
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'list',
				'before' => '<ul class="bbc_list">',
				'after' => '</ul>',
				'trim' => 'inside',
				'require_children' => array('li', 'list'),
				'block_level' => true,
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'list',
				'parameters' => array(
					'type' => array('match' => '(none|disc|circle|square|decimal|decimal-leading-zero|lower-roman|upper-roman|lower-alpha|upper-alpha|lower-greek|upper-greek|lower-latin|upper-latin|hebrew|armenian|georgian|cjk-ideographic|hiragana|katakana|hiragana-iroha|katakana-iroha)'),
				),
				'before' => '<ul class="bbc_list" style="list-style-type: {type};">',
				'after' => '</ul>',
				'trim' => 'inside',
				'require_children' => array('li'),
				'block_level' => true,
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'ltr',
				'before' => '<bdo dir="ltr">',
				'after' => '</bdo>',
				'block_level' => true,
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'me',
				'type' => 'unparsed_equals',
				'before' => '<div class="meaction">* $1 ',
				'after' => '</div>',
				'quoted' => 'optional',
				'block_level' => true,
				'disabled_before' => '/me ',
				'disabled_after' => '<br>',
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'member',
				'type' => 'unparsed_equals',
				'before' => '<a href="' . $scripturl . '?action=profile;u=$1" class="mention" data-mention="$1">@',
				'after' => '</a>',
			),
			// Legacy (horrible memories of the 1990s)
			array(
				'tag' => 'move',
				'before' => '<marquee>',
				'after' => '</marquee>',
				'block_level' => true,
				'disallow_children' => array('move'),
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'nobbc',
				'type' => 'unparsed_content',
				'content' => '$1',
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'php',
				'type' => 'unparsed_content',
				'content' => '<span class="phpcode">$1</span>',
				'validate' => isset($disabled['php']) ? null : function(&$tag, &$data, $disabled)
				{
					if (!isset($disabled['php']))
					{
						$add_begin = substr(trim($data), 0, 5) != '&lt;?';
						$data = highlight_php_code($add_begin ? '&lt;?php ' . $data . '?&gt;' : $data);
						if ($add_begin)
							$data = preg_replace(array('~^(.+?)&lt;\?.{0,40}?php(?:&nbsp;|\s)~', '~\?&gt;((?:</(font|span)>)*)$~'), '$1', $data, 2);
					}
				},
				'block_level' => false,
				'disabled_content' => '$1',
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'pre',
				'before' => '<pre>',
				'after' => '</pre>',
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'quote',
				'before' => '<blockquote><cite>' . $txt['quote'] . '</cite>',
				'after' => '</blockquote>',
				'trim' => 'both',
				'block_level' => true,
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'quote',
				'parameters' => array(
					'author' => array('match' => '(.{1,192}?)', 'quoted' => true),
				),
				'before' => '<blockquote><cite>' . $txt['quote_from'] . ': {author}</cite>',
				'after' => '</blockquote>',
				'trim' => 'both',
				'block_level' => true,
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'quote',
				'type' => 'parsed_equals',
				'before' => '<blockquote><cite>' . $txt['quote_from'] . ': $1</cite>',
				'after' => '</blockquote>',
				'trim' => 'both',
				'quoted' => 'optional',
				// Don't allow everything to be embedded with the author name.
				'parsed_tags_allowed' => array('url', 'iurl', 'ftp'),
				'block_level' => true,
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'quote',
				'parameters' => array(
					'author' => array('match' => '([^<>]{1,192}?)'),
					'link' => array('match' => '(?:board=\d+;)?((?:topic|threadid)=[\dmsg#\./]{1,40}(?:;start=[\dmsg#\./]{1,40})?|msg=\d+?|action=profile;u=\d+)'),
					'date' => array('match' => '(\d+)', 'validate' => 'timeformat'),
				),
				'before' => '<blockquote><cite><a href="' . $scripturl . '?{link}">' . $txt['quote_from'] . ': {author} ' . $txt['search_on'] . ' {date}</a></cite>',
				'after' => '</blockquote>',
				'trim' => 'both',
				'block_level' => true,
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'quote',
				'parameters' => array(
					'author' => array('match' => '(.{1,192}?)'),
				),
				'before' => '<blockquote><cite>' . $txt['quote_from'] . ': {author}</cite>',
				'after' => '</blockquote>',
				'trim' => 'both',
				'block_level' => true,
			),
			// Legacy (alias of [color=red])
			array(
				'tag' => 'red',
				'before' => '<span style="color: red;" class="bbc_color">',
				'after' => '</span>',
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'right',
				'before' => '<div style="text-align: right;">',
				'after' => '</div>',
				'block_level' => true,
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'rtl',
				'before' => '<bdo dir="rtl">',
				'after' => '</bdo>',
				'block_level' => true,
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 's',
				'before' => '<s>',
				'after' => '</s>',
			),
			// Legacy (never a good idea)
			array(
				'tag' => 'shadow',
				'type' => 'unparsed_commas',
				'test' => '[#0-9a-zA-Z\-]{3,12},(left|right|top|bottom|[0123]\d{0,2})\]',
				'before' => '<span style="text-shadow: $1 $2">',
				'after' => '</span>',
				'validate' => function(&$tag, &$data, $disabled)
				{

					if ($data[1] == 'top' || (is_numeric($data[1]) && $data[1] < 50))
						$data[1] = '0 -2px 1px';

					elseif ($data[1] == 'right' || (is_numeric($data[1]) && $data[1] < 100))
						$data[1] = '2px 0 1px';

					elseif ($data[1] == 'bottom' || (is_numeric($data[1]) && $data[1] < 190))
						$data[1] = '0 2px 1px';

					elseif ($data[1] == 'left' || (is_numeric($data[1]) && $data[1] < 280))
						$data[1] = '-2px 0 1px';

					else
						$data[1] = '1px 1px 1px';
				},
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'size',
				'type' => 'unparsed_equals',
				'test' => '([1-9][\d]?p[xt]|small(?:er)?|large[r]?|x[x]?-(?:small|large)|medium|(0\.[1-9]|[1-9](\.[\d][\d]?)?)?em)\]',
				'before' => '<span style="font-size: $1;" class="bbc_size">',
				'after' => '</span>',
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'size',
				'type' => 'unparsed_equals',
				'test' => '[1-7]\]',
				'before' => '<span style="font-size: $1;" class="bbc_size">',
				'after' => '</span>',
				'validate' => function(&$tag, &$data, $disabled)
				{
					$sizes = array(1 => 0.7, 2 => 1.0, 3 => 1.35, 4 => 1.45, 5 => 2.0, 6 => 2.65, 7 => 3.95);
					$data = $sizes[$data] . 'em';
				},
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'sub',
				'before' => '<sub>',
				'after' => '</sub>',
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'sup',
				'before' => '<sup>',
				'after' => '</sup>',
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'table',
				'before' => '<table class="bbc_table">',
				'after' => '</table>',
				'trim' => 'inside',
				'require_children' => array('tr'),
				'block_level' => true,
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'td',
				'before' => '<td>',
				'after' => '</td>',
				'require_parents' => array('tr'),
				'trim' => 'outside',
				'block_level' => true,
				'disabled_before' => '',
				'disabled_after' => '',
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'time',
				'type' => 'unparsed_content',
				'content' => '$1',
				'validate' => function(&$tag, &$data, $disabled)
				{
					if (is_numeric($data))
						$data = timeformat($data);
					else
						$tag['content'] = '[time]$1[/time]';
				},
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'tr',
				'before' => '<tr>',
				'after' => '</tr>',
				'require_parents' => array('table'),
				'require_children' => array('td'),
				'trim' => 'both',
				'block_level' => true,
				'disabled_before' => '',
				'disabled_after' => '',
			),
			// Legacy (the <tt> element is dead)
			array(
				'tag' => 'tt',
				'before' => '<span class="monospace">',
				'after' => '</span>',
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'u',
				'before' => '<u>',
				'after' => '</u>',
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'url',
				'type' => 'unparsed_content',
				'content' => '<a href="$1" class="bbc_link" target="_blank" rel="noopener">$1</a>',
				'validate' => function(&$tag, &$data, $disabled)
				{
					$data = strtr($data, array('<br>' => ''));
					$scheme = parse_url($data, PHP_URL_SCHEME);
					if (empty($scheme))
						$data = '//' . ltrim($data, ':/');
				},
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'url',
				'type' => 'unparsed_equals',
				'quoted' => 'optional',
				'before' => '<a href="$1" class="bbc_link" target="_blank" rel="noopener">',
				'after' => '</a>',
				'validate' => function(&$tag, &$data, $disabled)
				{
					$scheme = parse_url($data, PHP_URL_SCHEME);
					if (empty($scheme))
						$data = '//' . ltrim($data, ':/');
				},
				'disallow_children' => array('email', 'ftp', 'url', 'iurl'),
				'disabled_after' => ' ($1)',
			),
			// Legacy (alias of [color=white])
			array(
				'tag' => 'white',
				'before' => '<span style="color: white;" class="bbc_color">',
				'after' => '</span>',
			),
			array(
				'tag' => 'youtube',
				'type' => 'unparsed_content',
				'content' => '<div class="videocontainer"><div><iframe frameborder="0" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/$1?origin=' . $hosturl . '&wmode=opaque" data-youtube-id="$1" allowfullscreen></iframe></div></div>',
				'disabled_content' => '<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=$1" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=$1</a>',
				'block_level' => true,
			),
		);

		// Inside these tags autolink is not recommendable.
		$no_autolink_tags = array(
			'url',
			'iurl',
			'email',
			'img',
			'html',
		);

		// Let mods add new BBC without hassle.
		call_integration_hook('integrate_bbc_codes', array(&$codes, &$no_autolink_tags));

		// This is mainly for the bbc manager, so it's easy to add tags above.  Custom BBC should be added above this line.
		if ($message === false)

		{
			usort($codes, function($a, $b)
			{
				return strcmp($a['tag'], $b['tag']);
			});
			return $codes;
		}

		// So the parser won't skip them.
		$itemcodes = array(
			'*' => 'disc',
			'@' => 'disc',
			'+' => 'square',
			'x' => 'square',
			'#' => 'square',
			'o' => 'circle',
			'O' => 'circle',
			'0' => 'circle',
		);
		if (!isset($disabled['li']) && !isset($disabled['list']))
		{
			foreach ($itemcodes as $c => $dummy)
				$bbc_codes[$c] = array();
		}

		// Shhhh!
		if (!isset($disabled['color']))
		{
			$codes[] = array(
				'tag' => 'chrissy',
				'before' => '<span style="color: #cc0099;">',
				'after' => ' :-*</span>',
			);
			$codes[] = array(
				'tag' => 'kissy',
				'before' => '<span style="color: #cc0099;">',
				'after' => ' :-*</span>',
			);
		}
		$codes[] = array(
			'tag' => 'cowsay',
			'parameters' => array(
				'e' => array('optional' => true, 'quoted' => true, 'match' => '(.*?)', 'default' => 'oo', 'validate' => function ($eyes) use ($smcFunc)
					{
						static $css_added;

						if (empty($css_added))
						{
							$css = base64_decode('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');

							addInlineJavaScript('
								$("head").append("<style>" + ' . JavaScriptEscape($css) . ' + "</style>");', true);

							$css_added = true;
						}

						return $smcFunc['substr']($eyes . 'oo', 0, 2);
					},
				),
				't' => array('optional' => true, 'quoted' => true, 'match' => '(.*?)', 'default' => '  ', 'validate' => function ($tongue) use ($smcFunc)
					{
						return $smcFunc['substr']($tongue . '  ', 0, 2);
					},
				),
			),
			'before' => '<pre data-e="{e}" data-t="{t}"><div>',
			'after' => '</div></pre>',
			'block_level' => true,
		);

		foreach ($codes as $code)
		{
			// Make it easier to process parameters later
			if (!empty($code['parameters']))
				ksort($code['parameters'], SORT_STRING);

			// If we are not doing every tag only do ones we are interested in.
			if (empty($parse_tags) || in_array($code['tag'], $parse_tags))
				$bbc_codes[substr($code['tag'], 0, 1)][] = $code;
		}
		$codes = null;

	}

	// Shall we take the time to cache this?
	if ($cache_id != '' && !empty($cache_enable) && (($cache_enable >= 2 && isset($message[1000])) || isset($message[2400])) && empty($parse_tags))
	{
		// It's likely this will change if the message is modified.
		$cache_key = 'parse:' . $cache_id . '-' . md5(md5($message) . '-' . $smileys . (empty($disabled) ? '' : implode(',', array_keys($disabled))) . $smcFunc['json_encode']($context['browser']) . $txt['lang_locale'] . $user_info['time_offset'] . $user_info['time_format']);

		if (($temp = cache_get_data($cache_key, 240)) != null)

			return $temp;

		$cache_t = microtime(true);
	}

	if ($smileys === 'print')

	{
		// [glow], [shadow], and [move] can't really be printed.
		$disabled['glow'] = true;
		$disabled['shadow'] = true;
		$disabled['move'] = true;

		// Colors can't well be displayed... supposed to be black and white.
		$disabled['color'] = true;
		$disabled['black'] = true;
		$disabled['blue'] = true;
		$disabled['white'] = true;
		$disabled['red'] = true;
		$disabled['green'] = true;
		$disabled['me'] = true;

		// Color coding doesn't make sense.
		$disabled['php'] = true;

		// Links are useless on paper... just show the link.
		$disabled['ftp'] = true;
		$disabled['url'] = true;
		$disabled['iurl'] = true;
		$disabled['email'] = true;
		$disabled['flash'] = true;

		// @todo Change maybe?
		if (!isset($_GET['images']))
			$disabled['img'] = true;

		// Maybe some custom BBC need to be disabled for printing.
		call_integration_hook('integrate_bbc_print', array(&$disabled));
	}

	$open_tags = array();
	$message = strtr($message, array("\n" => '<br>'));

	if (!empty($parse_tags))
	{
		$real_alltags_regex = $alltags_regex;
		$alltags_regex = '';
	}
	if (empty($alltags_regex))
	{
		$alltags = array();
		foreach ($bbc_codes as $section)
		{
			foreach ($section as $code)
				$alltags[] = $code['tag'];
		}
		$alltags_regex = '(?' . '>\b' . build_regex(array_unique($alltags)) . '\b|' . build_regex(array_keys($itemcodes)) . ')';
		$alltags_regex = '(?' . '>\b' . /** @scrutinizer ignore-type */ build_regex(array_unique($alltags)) . '\b|' . build_regex(array_keys($itemcodes)) . ')';
	}

	$pos = -1;
	while ($pos !== false)
	{
		$last_pos = isset($last_pos) ? max($pos, $last_pos) : $pos;
		preg_match('~\[/?(?=' . $alltags_regex . ')~i', $message, $matches, PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE, $pos + 1);
		$pos = isset($matches[0][1]) ? $matches[0][1] : false;

		// Failsafe.
		if ($pos === false || $last_pos > $pos)
			$pos = strlen($message) + 1;

		// Can't have a one letter smiley, URL, or email! (Sorry.)
		if ($last_pos < $pos - 1)
		{
			// Make sure the $last_pos is not negative.
			$last_pos = max($last_pos, 0);

			// Pick a block of data to do some raw fixing on.
			$data = substr($message, $last_pos, $pos - $last_pos);

			$placeholders = array();
			$placeholders_counter = 0;

			// Take care of some HTML!
			if (!empty($modSettings['enablePostHTML']) && strpos($data, '&lt;') !== false)
			{
				$data = preg_replace('~&lt;a\s+href=((?:&quot;)?)((?:https?://|ftps?://|mailto:|tel:)\S+?)\\1&gt;(.*?)&lt;/a&gt;~i', '[url=&quot;$2&quot;]$3[/url]', $data);

				// <br> should be empty.
				$empty_tags = array('br', 'hr');
				foreach ($empty_tags as $tag)
					$data = str_replace(array('&lt;' . $tag . '&gt;', '&lt;' . $tag . '/&gt;', '&lt;' . $tag . ' /&gt;'), '<' . $tag . '>', $data);

				// b, u, i, s, pre... basic tags.
				$closable_tags = array('b', 'u', 'i', 's', 'em', 'ins', 'del', 'pre', 'blockquote', 'strong');
				foreach ($closable_tags as $tag)
				{
					$diff = substr_count($data, '&lt;' . $tag . '&gt;') - substr_count($data, '&lt;/' . $tag . '&gt;');
					$data = strtr($data, array('&lt;' . $tag . '&gt;' => '<' . $tag . '>', '&lt;/' . $tag . '&gt;' => '</' . $tag . '>'));

					if ($diff > 0)
						$data = substr($data, 0, -1) . str_repeat('</' . $tag . '>', $diff) . substr($data, -1);
				}

				// Do <img ...> - with security... action= -> action-.
				preg_match_all('~&lt;img\s+src=((?:&quot;)?)((?:https?://|ftps?://)\S+?)\\1(?:\s+alt=(&quot;.*?&quot;|\S*?))?(?:\s?/)?&gt;~i', $data, $matches, PREG_PATTERN_ORDER);
				if (!empty($matches[0]))
				{
					$replaces = array();
					foreach ($matches[2] as $match => $imgtag)
					{
						$alt = empty($matches[3][$match]) ? '' : ' alt=' . preg_replace('~^&quot;|&quot;$~', '', $matches[3][$match]);

						// Remove action= from the URL - no funny business, now.
						// @todo Testing this preg_match seems pointless
						if (preg_match('~action(=|%3d)(?!dlattach)~i', $imgtag) != 0)
							$imgtag = preg_replace('~action(?:=|%3d)(?!dlattach)~i', 'action-', $imgtag);

						$placeholder = '<placeholder ' . ++$placeholders_counter . '>';
						$placeholders[$placeholder] = '[img' . $alt . ']' . $imgtag . '[/img]';

						$replaces[$matches[0][$match]] = $placeholder;
					}

					$data = strtr($data, $replaces);
				}
			}

			if (!empty($modSettings['autoLinkUrls']))
			{
				// Are we inside tags that should be auto linked?
				$no_autolink_area = false;
				if (!empty($open_tags))
				{
					foreach ($open_tags as $open_tag)
						if (in_array($open_tag['tag'], $no_autolink_tags))
							$no_autolink_area = true;
				}

				// Don't go backwards.
				// @todo Don't think is the real solution....
				$lastAutoPos = isset($lastAutoPos) ? $lastAutoPos : 0;
				if ($pos < $lastAutoPos)
					$no_autolink_area = true;
				$lastAutoPos = $pos;

				if (!$no_autolink_area)
				{
					// An &nbsp; right after a URL can break the autolinker
					if (strpos($data, '&nbsp;') !== false)
					{
						$placeholders['<placeholder non-breaking-space>'] = '&nbsp;';
						$data = strtr($data, array('&nbsp;' => '<placeholder non-breaking-space>'));
					}

					// Parse any URLs
					if (!isset($disabled['url']) && strpos($data, '[url') === false)
					{
						// For efficiency, first define the TLD regex in a PCRE subroutine
						$url_regex = '(?(DEFINE)(?<tlds>' . $modSettings['tld_regex'] . '))';

						// Now build the rest of the regex
						$url_regex .=
						// 1. IRI scheme and domain components
						'(?:' .
							// 1a. IRIs with a scheme, or at least an opening "//"
							'(?:' .

								// URI scheme (or lack thereof for schemeless URLs)
								'(?:' .
									// URL scheme and colon
									'\b[a-z][\w\-]+:' .
									// or
									'|' .
									// A boundary followed by two slashes for schemeless URLs
									'(?<=^|\W)(?=//)' .
								')' .

								// IRI "authority" chunk
								'(?:' .
									// 2 slashes for IRIs with an "authority"
									'//' .
									// then a domain name
									'(?:' .
										// Either the reserved "localhost" domain name
										'localhost' .
										// or
										'|' .
										// a run of IRI characters, a dot, and a TLD
										'[\p{L}\p{M}\p{N}\-.:@]+\.(?P>tlds)' .
									')' .
									// followed by a non-domain character or end of line
									'(?=[^\p{L}\p{N}\-.]|$)' .

									// or, if no "authority" per se (e.g. "mailto:" URLs)...
									'|' .

									// a run of IRI characters
									'[\p{L}\p{N}][\p{L}\p{M}\p{N}\-.:@]+[\p{L}\p{M}\p{N}]' .
									// and then a dot and a closing IRI label
									'\.[\p{L}\p{M}\p{N}\-]+' .
								')' .
							')' .

							// Or
							'|' .

							// 1b. Naked domains (e.g. "example.com" in "Go to example.com for an example.")
							'(?:' .
								// Preceded by start of line or a non-domain character
								'(?<=^|[^\p{L}\p{M}\p{N}\-:@])' .
								// A run of Unicode domain name characters (excluding [:@])
								'[\p{L}\p{N}][\p{L}\p{M}\p{N}\-.]+[\p{L}\p{M}\p{N}]' .
								// and then a dot and a valid TLD
								'\.(?P>tlds)' .
								// Followed by either:
								'(?=' .
									// end of line or a non-domain character (excluding [.:@])
									'$|[^\p{L}\p{N}\-]' .
									// or
									'|' .
									// a dot followed by end of line or a non-domain character (excluding [.:@])
									'\.(?=$|[^\p{L}\p{N}\-])' .
								')' .
							')' .
						')' .

						// 2. IRI path, query, and fragment components (if present)
						'(?:' .

							// If any of these parts exist, must start with a single "/"
							'/' .

							// And then optionally:
							'(?:' .
								// One or more of:
								'(?:' .
									// a run of non-space, non-()<>
									'[^\s()<>]+' .
									// or
									'|' .
									// balanced parentheses, up to 2 levels
									'\(([^\s()<>]+|(\([^\s()<>]+\)))*\)' .
								')+' .
								// Ending with:
								'(?:' .
									// balanced parentheses, up to 2 levels
									'\(([^\s()<>]+|(\([^\s()<>]+\)))*\)' .
									// or
									'|' .
									// not a space or one of these punctuation characters
									'[^\s`!()\[\]{};:\'".,<>?«»“”‘’/]' .
									// or
									'|' .
									// a trailing slash (but not two in a row)
									'(?<!/)/' .
								')' .
							')?' .
						')?';

						$data = preg_replace_callback('~' . $url_regex . '~i' . ($context['utf8'] ? 'u' : ''), function($matches)
						{
							$url = array_shift($matches);

							// If this isn't a clean URL, bail out
							if ($url != sanitize_iri($url))
								return $url;

							$scheme = parse_url($url, PHP_URL_SCHEME);

							if ($scheme == 'mailto')
							{
								$email_address = str_replace('mailto:', '', $url);
								if (!isset($disabled['email']) && filter_var($email_address, FILTER_VALIDATE_EMAIL) !== false)

									return '[email=' . $email_address . ']' . $url . '[/email]';
								else
									return $url;
							}

							// Are we linking a schemeless URL or naked domain name (e.g. "example.com")?
							if (empty($scheme))
								$fullUrl = '//' . ltrim($url, ':/');
							else
								$fullUrl = $url;

							// Make sure that $fullUrl really is valid
							if (validate_iri((strpos($fullUrl, '//') === 0 ? 'http:' : '') . $fullUrl) === false)
								return $url;

							return '[url=&quot;' . str_replace(array('[', ']'), array('&#91;', '&#93;'), $fullUrl) . '&quot;]' . $url . '[/url]';
						}, $data);
					}

					// Next, emails...  Must be careful not to step on enablePostHTML logic above...
					if (!isset($disabled['email']) && strpos($data, '@') !== false && strpos($data, '[email') === false && stripos($data, 'mailto:') === false)
					{
						$email_regex = '
						# Preceded by a non-domain character or start of line
						(?<=^|[^\p{L}\p{M}\p{N}\-\.])

						# An email address
						[\p{L}\p{M}\p{N}_\-.]{1,80}
						@
						[\p{L}\p{M}\p{N}\-.]+
						\.
						' . $modSettings['tld_regex'] . '

						# Followed by either:
						(?=
							# end of line or a non-domain character (excluding the dot)
							$|[^\p{L}\p{M}\p{N}\-]
							| # or
							# a dot followed by end of line or a non-domain character
							\.(?=$|[^\p{L}\p{M}\p{N}\-])
						)';

						$data = preg_replace('~' . $email_regex . '~xi' . ($context['utf8'] ? 'u' : ''), '[email]$0[/email]', $data);
					}
				}
			}

			// Restore any placeholders
			$data = strtr($data, $placeholders);

			$data = strtr($data, array("\t" => '&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'));

			// If it wasn't changed, no copying or other boring stuff has to happen!
			if ($data != substr($message, $last_pos, $pos - $last_pos))
			{
				$message = substr($message, 0, $last_pos) . $data . substr($message, $pos);

				// Since we changed it, look again in case we added or removed a tag.  But we don't want to skip any.
				$old_pos = strlen($data) + $last_pos;
				$pos = strpos($message, '[', $last_pos);
				$pos = $pos === false ? $old_pos : min($pos, $old_pos);
			}
		}

		// Are we there yet?  Are we there yet?
		if ($pos >= strlen($message) - 1)
			break;

		$tag_character = strtolower($message[$pos + 1]);

		if ($tag_character == '/' && !empty($open_tags))
		{
			$pos2 = strpos($message, ']', $pos + 1);
			if ($pos2 == $pos + 2)
				continue;

			$look_for = strtolower(substr($message, $pos + 2, $pos2 - $pos - 2));

			// A closing tag that doesn't match any open tags? Skip it.
			if (!in_array($look_for, array_map(function($code)
			{
				return $code['tag'];
			}, $open_tags)))
				continue;

			$to_close = array();
			$block_level = null;

			do
			{
				$tag = array_pop($open_tags);
				if (!$tag)
					break;

				if (!empty($tag['block_level']))
				{
					// Only find out if we need to.
					if ($block_level === false)
					{
						array_push($open_tags, $tag);
						break;
					}

					// The idea is, if we are LOOKING for a block level tag, we can close them on the way.
					if (strlen($look_for) > 0 && isset($bbc_codes[$look_for[0]]))
					{
						foreach ($bbc_codes[$look_for[0]] as $temp)
							if ($temp['tag'] == $look_for)
							{
								$block_level = !empty($temp['block_level']);
								break;
							}
					}

					if ($block_level !== true)
					{
						$block_level = false;
						array_push($open_tags, $tag);
						break;
					}
				}

				$to_close[] = $tag;
			}
			while ($tag['tag'] != $look_for);

			// Did we just eat through everything and not find it?
			if ((empty($open_tags) && (empty($tag) || $tag['tag'] != $look_for)))
			{
				$open_tags = $to_close;
				continue;
			}
			elseif (!empty($to_close) && $tag['tag'] != $look_for)
			{
				if ($block_level === null && isset($look_for[0], $bbc_codes[$look_for[0]]))
				{
					foreach ($bbc_codes[$look_for[0]] as $temp)
						if ($temp['tag'] == $look_for)
						{
							$block_level = !empty($temp['block_level']);
							break;
						}
				}

				// We're not looking for a block level tag (or maybe even a tag that exists...)
				if (!$block_level)
$a = canBeFalseAndNull();

// Instead of
if ( ! $a) { }

// Better use one of the explicit versions:
if ($a !== null) { }
if ($a !== false) { }
if ($a !== null && $a !== false) { }
				{
					foreach ($to_close as $tag)
						array_push($open_tags, $tag);
					continue;
				}
			}

			foreach ($to_close as $tag)
			{
				$message = substr($message, 0, $pos) . "\n" . $tag['after'] . "\n" . substr($message, $pos2 + 1);
				$pos += strlen($tag['after']) + 2;
				$pos2 = $pos - 1;

				// See the comment at the end of the big loop - just eating whitespace ;).
				$whitespace_regex = '';
				if (!empty($tag['block_level']))
					$whitespace_regex .= '(&nbsp;|\s)*(<br\s*/?' . '>)?';
				// Trim one line of whitespace after unnested tags, but all of it after nested ones
				if (!empty($tag['trim']) && $tag['trim'] != 'inside')
					$whitespace_regex .= empty($tag['require_parents']) ? '(&nbsp;|\s)*' : '(<br>|&nbsp;|\s)*';

				if (!empty($whitespace_regex) && preg_match('~' . $whitespace_regex . '~', substr($message, $pos), $matches) != 0)
					$message = substr($message, 0, $pos) . substr($message, $pos + strlen($matches[0]));
			}

			if (!empty($to_close))
			{
				$to_close = array();

				$pos--;
			}

			continue;
		}

		// No tags for this character, so just keep going (fastest possible course.)
		if (!isset($bbc_codes[$tag_character]))
			continue;

		$inside = empty($open_tags) ? null : $open_tags[count($open_tags) - 1];
		$tag = null;
		foreach ($bbc_codes[$tag_character] as $possible)
		{
			$pt_strlen = strlen($possible['tag']);

			// Not a match?
			if (strtolower(substr($message, $pos + 1, $pt_strlen)) != $possible['tag'])
				continue;

			$next_c = isset($message[$pos + 1 + $pt_strlen]) ? $message[$pos + 1 + $pt_strlen] : '';

			// A tag is the last char maybe
			if ($next_c == '')
				break;

			// A test validation?
			if (isset($possible['test']) && preg_match('~^' . $possible['test'] . '~', substr($message, $pos + 1 + $pt_strlen + 1)) === 0)
				continue;
			// Do we want parameters?
			elseif (!empty($possible['parameters']))
			{
				// Are all the parameters optional?
				$param_required = false;
				foreach ($possible['parameters'] as $param)
				{
					if (empty($param['optional']))
					{
						$param_required = true;
						break;
					}
				}

				if ($param_required && $next_c != ' ')
					continue;
			}
			elseif (isset($possible['type']))
			{
				// Do we need an equal sign?
				if (in_array($possible['type'], array('unparsed_equals', 'unparsed_commas', 'unparsed_commas_content', 'unparsed_equals_content', 'parsed_equals')) && $next_c != '=')
					continue;
				// Maybe we just want a /...
				if ($possible['type'] == 'closed' && $next_c != ']' && substr($message, $pos + 1 + $pt_strlen, 2) != '/]' && substr($message, $pos + 1 + $pt_strlen, 3) != ' /]')
					continue;
				// An immediate ]?
				if ($possible['type'] == 'unparsed_content' && $next_c != ']')
					continue;
			}
			// No type means 'parsed_content', which demands an immediate ] without parameters!
			elseif ($next_c != ']')
				continue;

			// Check allowed tree?
			if (isset($possible['require_parents']) && ($inside === null || !in_array($inside['tag'], $possible['require_parents'])))
				continue;
			elseif (isset($inside['require_children']) && !in_array($possible['tag'], $inside['require_children']))
				continue;
			// If this is in the list of disallowed child tags, don't parse it.
			elseif (isset($inside['disallow_children']) && in_array($possible['tag'], $inside['disallow_children']))
				continue;

			$pos1 = $pos + 1 + $pt_strlen + 1;

			// Quotes can have alternate styling, we do this php-side due to all the permutations of quotes.
			if ($possible['tag'] == 'quote')
			{
				// Start with standard
				$quote_alt = false;
				foreach ($open_tags as $open_quote)
				{
					// Every parent quote this quote has flips the styling
					if ($open_quote['tag'] == 'quote')
						$quote_alt = !$quote_alt;

				}
				// Add a class to the quote to style alternating blockquotes
				$possible['before'] = strtr($possible['before'], array('<blockquote>' => '<blockquote class="bbc_' . ($quote_alt ? 'alternate' : 'standard') . '_quote">'));
			}

			// This is long, but it makes things much easier and cleaner.
			if (!empty($possible['parameters']))
			{
				// Build a regular expression for each parameter for the current tag.
				$regex_key = $smcFunc['json_encode']($possible['parameters']);
				if (!isset($params_regexes[$regex_key]))
				{
					$params_regexes[$regex_key] = '';

					foreach ($possible['parameters'] as $p => $info)
						$params_regexes[$regex_key] .= '(\s+' . $p . '=' . (empty($info['quoted']) ? '' : '&quot;') . (isset($info['match']) ? $info['match'] : '(.+?)') . (empty($info['quoted']) ? '' : '&quot;') . '\s*)' . (empty($info['optional']) ? '' : '?');
				}

				// Extract the string that potentially holds our parameters.
				$blob = preg_split('~\[/?(?:' . $alltags_regex . ')~i', substr($message, $pos));
				$blobs = preg_split('~\]~i', $blob[1]);

				$splitters = implode('=|', array_keys($possible['parameters'])) . '=';

				// Progressively append more blobs until we find our parameters or run out of blobs
				$blob_counter = 1;
				while ($blob_counter <= count($blobs))
				while ($blob_counter <= count(/** @scrutinizer ignore-type */ $blobs))
				{
					$given_param_string = implode(']', array_slice($blobs, 0, $blob_counter++));
					$given_param_string = implode(']', array_slice(/** @scrutinizer ignore-type */ $blobs, 0, $blob_counter++));

					$given_params = preg_split('~\s(?=(' . $splitters . '))~i', $given_param_string);
					sort($given_params, SORT_STRING);
					sort(/** @scrutinizer ignore-type */ $given_params, SORT_STRING);

					$match = preg_match('~^' . $params_regexes[$regex_key] . '$~i', implode(' ', $given_params), $matches) !== 0;

					if ($match)
						break;
				}

				// Didn't match our parameter list, try the next possible.
				if (!$match)

					continue;

				$params = array();
				for ($i = 1, $n = count($matches); $i < $n; $i += 2)
				{
					$key = strtok(ltrim($matches[$i]), '=');
					if ($key === false)
						continue;
					elseif (isset($possible['parameters'][$key]['value']))
						$params['{' . $key . '}'] = strtr($possible['parameters'][$key]['value'], array('$1' => $matches[$i + 1]));
					elseif (isset($possible['parameters'][$key]['validate']))
						$params['{' . $key . '}'] = $possible['parameters'][$key]['validate']($matches[$i + 1]);
					else
						$params['{' . $key . '}'] = $matches[$i + 1];

					// Just to make sure: replace any $ or { so they can't interpolate wrongly.
					$params['{' . $key . '}'] = strtr($params['{' . $key . '}'], array('$' => '&#036;', '{' => '&#123;'));
				}

				foreach ($possible['parameters'] as $p => $info)
				{
					if (!isset($params['{' . $p . '}']))
					{
						if (!isset($info['default']))
							$params['{' . $p . '}'] = '';
						elseif (isset($possible['parameters'][$p]['value']))
							$params['{' . $p . '}'] = strtr($possible['parameters'][$p]['value'], array('$1' => $info['default']));
						elseif (isset($possible['parameters'][$p]['validate']))
							$params['{' . $p . '}'] = $possible['parameters'][$p]['validate']($info['default']);
						else
							$params['{' . $p . '}'] = $info['default'];
					}
				}

				$tag = $possible;

				// Put the parameters into the string.
				if (isset($tag['before']))
					$tag['before'] = strtr($tag['before'], $params);
				if (isset($tag['after']))
					$tag['after'] = strtr($tag['after'], $params);
				if (isset($tag['content']))
					$tag['content'] = strtr($tag['content'], $params);

				$pos1 += strlen($given_param_string);

			}
			else
			{
				$tag = $possible;
				$params = array();
			}
			break;
		}

		// Item codes are complicated buggers... they are implicit [li]s and can make [list]s!
		if ($smileys !== false && $tag === null && isset($itemcodes[$message[$pos + 1]]) && $message[$pos + 2] == ']' && !isset($disabled['list']) && !isset($disabled['li']))
		{
			if ($message[$pos + 1] == '0' && !in_array($message[$pos - 1], array(';', ' ', "\t", "\n", '>')))
				continue;

			$tag = $itemcodes[$message[$pos + 1]];

			// First let's set up the tree: it needs to be in a list, or after an li.
			if ($inside === null || ($inside['tag'] != 'list' && $inside['tag'] != 'li'))
			{
				$open_tags[] = array(
					'tag' => 'list',
					'after' => '</ul>',
					'block_level' => true,
					'require_children' => array('li'),
					'disallow_children' => isset($inside['disallow_children']) ? $inside['disallow_children'] : null,
				);
				$code = '<ul class="bbc_list">';
			}
			// We're in a list item already: another itemcode?  Close it first.
			elseif ($inside['tag'] == 'li')
			{
				array_pop($open_tags);
				$code = '</li>';
			}
			else
				$code = '';

			// Now we open a new tag.
			$open_tags[] = array(
				'tag' => 'li',
				'after' => '</li>',
				'trim' => 'outside',
				'block_level' => true,
				'disallow_children' => isset($inside['disallow_children']) ? $inside['disallow_children'] : null,
			);

			// First, open the tag...
			$code .= '<li' . ($tag == '' ? '' : ' type="' . $tag . '"') . '>';
			$message = substr($message, 0, $pos) . "\n" . $code . "\n" . substr($message, $pos + 3);
			$pos += strlen($code) - 1 + 2;

			// Next, find the next break (if any.)  If there's more itemcode after it, keep it going - otherwise close!
			$pos2 = strpos($message, '<br>', $pos);
			$pos3 = strpos($message, '[/', $pos);
			if ($pos2 !== false && ($pos2 <= $pos3 || $pos3 === false))
			{
				preg_match('~^(<br>|&nbsp;|\s|\[)+~', substr($message, $pos2 + 4), $matches);
				$message = substr($message, 0, $pos2) . (!empty($matches[0]) && substr($matches[0], -1) == '[' ? '[/li]' : '[/li][/list]') . substr($message, $pos2);

				$open_tags[count($open_tags) - 2]['after'] = '</ul>';
			}
			// Tell the [list] that it needs to close specially.
			else
			{
				// Move the li over, because we're not sure what we'll hit.
				$open_tags[count($open_tags) - 1]['after'] = '';
				$open_tags[count($open_tags) - 2]['after'] = '</li></ul>';
			}

			continue;
		}

		// Implicitly close lists and tables if something other than what's required is in them.  This is needed for itemcode.
		if ($tag === null && $inside !== null && !empty($inside['require_children']))
		{
			array_pop($open_tags);

			$message = substr($message, 0, $pos) . "\n" . $inside['after'] . "\n" . substr($message, $pos);
			$pos += strlen($inside['after']) - 1 + 2;
		}

		// No tag?  Keep looking, then.  Silly people using brackets without actual tags.
		if ($tag === null)
			continue;

		// Propagate the list to the child (so wrapping the disallowed tag won't work either.)
		if (isset($inside['disallow_children']))
			$tag['disallow_children'] = isset($tag['disallow_children']) ? array_unique(array_merge($tag['disallow_children'], $inside['disallow_children'])) : $inside['disallow_children'];

		// Is this tag disabled?
		if (isset($disabled[$tag['tag']]))
		{
			if (!isset($tag['disabled_before']) && !isset($tag['disabled_after']) && !isset($tag['disabled_content']))
			{
				$tag['before'] = !empty($tag['block_level']) ? '<div>' : '';
				$tag['after'] = !empty($tag['block_level']) ? '</div>' : '';
				$tag['content'] = isset($tag['type']) && $tag['type'] == 'closed' ? '' : (!empty($tag['block_level']) ? '<div>$1</div>' : '$1');
			}
			elseif (isset($tag['disabled_before']) || isset($tag['disabled_after']))
			{
				$tag['before'] = isset($tag['disabled_before']) ? $tag['disabled_before'] : (!empty($tag['block_level']) ? '<div>' : '');
				$tag['after'] = isset($tag['disabled_after']) ? $tag['disabled_after'] : (!empty($tag['block_level']) ? '</div>' : '');
			}
			else
				$tag['content'] = $tag['disabled_content'];
		}

		// we use this a lot
		$tag_strlen = strlen($tag['tag']);

		// The only special case is 'html', which doesn't need to close things.
		if (!empty($tag['block_level']) && $tag['tag'] != 'html' && empty($inside['block_level']))
		{
			$n = count($open_tags) - 1;
			while (empty($open_tags[$n]['block_level']) && $n >= 0)
				$n--;

			// Close all the non block level tags so this tag isn't surrounded by them.
			for ($i = count($open_tags) - 1; $i > $n; $i--)
			{
				$message = substr($message, 0, $pos) . "\n" . $open_tags[$i]['after'] . "\n" . substr($message, $pos);
				$ot_strlen = strlen($open_tags[$i]['after']);
				$pos += $ot_strlen + 2;
				$pos1 += $ot_strlen + 2;


				// Trim or eat trailing stuff... see comment at the end of the big loop.
				$whitespace_regex = '';
				if (!empty($tag['block_level']))
					$whitespace_regex .= '(&nbsp;|\s)*(<br>)?';
				if (!empty($tag['trim']) && $tag['trim'] != 'inside')
					$whitespace_regex .= empty($tag['require_parents']) ? '(&nbsp;|\s)*' : '(<br>|&nbsp;|\s)*';
				if (!empty($whitespace_regex) && preg_match('~' . $whitespace_regex . '~', substr($message, $pos), $matches) != 0)
					$message = substr($message, 0, $pos) . substr($message, $pos + strlen($matches[0]));

				array_pop($open_tags);
			}
		}

		// Can't read past the end of the message
		$pos1 = min(strlen($message), $pos1);

		// No type means 'parsed_content'.
		if (!isset($tag['type']))
		{
			$open_tags[] = $tag;
			$message = substr($message, 0, $pos) . "\n" . $tag['before'] . "\n" . substr($message, $pos1);
			$pos += strlen($tag['before']) - 1 + 2;
		}
		// Don't parse the content, just skip it.
		elseif ($tag['type'] == 'unparsed_content')
		{
			$pos2 = stripos($message, '[/' . substr($message, $pos + 1, $tag_strlen) . ']', $pos1);
			if ($pos2 === false)
				continue;

			$data = substr($message, $pos1, $pos2 - $pos1);

			if (!empty($tag['block_level']) && substr($data, 0, 4) == '<br>')
				$data = substr($data, 4);

			if (isset($tag['validate']))
				$tag['validate']($tag, $data, $disabled, $params);


			$code = strtr($tag['content'], array('$1' => $data));
			$message = substr($message, 0, $pos) . "\n" . $code . "\n" . substr($message, $pos2 + 3 + $tag_strlen);

			$pos += strlen($code) - 1 + 2;
			$last_pos = $pos + 1;
		}
		// Don't parse the content, just skip it.
		elseif ($tag['type'] == 'unparsed_equals_content')
		{
			// The value may be quoted for some tags - check.
			if (isset($tag['quoted']))
			{
				$quoted = substr($message, $pos1, 6) == '&quot;';
				if ($tag['quoted'] != 'optional' && !$quoted)
					continue;

				if ($quoted)
					$pos1 += 6;
			}
			else
				$quoted = false;

			$pos2 = strpos($message, $quoted == false ? ']' : '&quot;]', $pos1);

			if ($pos2 === false)
				continue;

			$pos3 = stripos($message, '[/' . substr($message, $pos + 1, $tag_strlen) . ']', $pos2);
			if ($pos3 === false)
				continue;

			$data = array(
				substr($message, $pos2 + ($quoted == false ? 1 : 7), $pos3 - ($pos2 + ($quoted == false ? 1 : 7))),

				substr($message, $pos1, $pos2 - $pos1)
			);

			if (!empty($tag['block_level']) && substr($data[0], 0, 4) == '<br>')
				$data[0] = substr($data[0], 4);

			// Validation for my parking, please!
			if (isset($tag['validate']))
				$tag['validate']($tag, $data, $disabled, $params);

			$code = strtr($tag['content'], array('$1' => $data[0], '$2' => $data[1]));
			$message = substr($message, 0, $pos) . "\n" . $code . "\n" . substr($message, $pos3 + 3 + $tag_strlen);
			$pos += strlen($code) - 1 + 2;
		}
		// A closed tag, with no content or value.
		elseif ($tag['type'] == 'closed')
		{
			$pos2 = strpos($message, ']', $pos);
			$message = substr($message, 0, $pos) . "\n" . $tag['content'] . "\n" . substr($message, $pos2 + 1);
			$pos += strlen($tag['content']) - 1 + 2;
		}
		// This one is sorta ugly... :/.  Unfortunately, it's needed for flash.
		elseif ($tag['type'] == 'unparsed_commas_content')
		{
			$pos2 = strpos($message, ']', $pos1);
			if ($pos2 === false)
				continue;

			$pos3 = stripos($message, '[/' . substr($message, $pos + 1, $tag_strlen) . ']', $pos2);
			if ($pos3 === false)
				continue;

			// We want $1 to be the content, and the rest to be csv.
			$data = explode(',', ',' . substr($message, $pos1, $pos2 - $pos1));
			$data[0] = substr($message, $pos2 + 1, $pos3 - $pos2 - 1);

			if (isset($tag['validate']))
				$tag['validate']($tag, $data, $disabled, $params);

			$code = $tag['content'];
			foreach ($data as $k => $d)
				$code = strtr($code, array('$' . ($k + 1) => trim($d)));
			$message = substr($message, 0, $pos) . "\n" . $code . "\n" . substr($message, $pos3 + 3 + $tag_strlen);
			$pos += strlen($code) - 1 + 2;
		}
		// This has parsed content, and a csv value which is unparsed.
		elseif ($tag['type'] == 'unparsed_commas')
		{
			$pos2 = strpos($message, ']', $pos1);
			if ($pos2 === false)
				continue;

			$data = explode(',', substr($message, $pos1, $pos2 - $pos1));

			if (isset($tag['validate']))
				$tag['validate']($tag, $data, $disabled, $params);

			// Fix after, for disabled code mainly.
			foreach ($data as $k => $d)
				$tag['after'] = strtr($tag['after'], array('$' . ($k + 1) => trim($d)));

			$open_tags[] = $tag;

			// Replace them out, $1, $2, $3, $4, etc.
			$code = $tag['before'];
			foreach ($data as $k => $d)
				$code = strtr($code, array('$' . ($k + 1) => trim($d)));
			$message = substr($message, 0, $pos) . "\n" . $code . "\n" . substr($message, $pos2 + 1);
			$pos += strlen($code) - 1 + 2;
		}
		// A tag set to a value, parsed or not.
		elseif ($tag['type'] == 'unparsed_equals' || $tag['type'] == 'parsed_equals')
		{
			// The value may be quoted for some tags - check.
			if (isset($tag['quoted']))
			{
				$quoted = substr($message, $pos1, 6) == '&quot;';
				if ($tag['quoted'] != 'optional' && !$quoted)
					continue;

				if ($quoted)
					$pos1 += 6;
			}
			else
				$quoted = false;

			$pos2 = strpos($message, $quoted == false ? ']' : '&quot;]', $pos1);

			if ($pos2 === false)
				continue;

			$data = substr($message, $pos1, $pos2 - $pos1);

			// Validation for my parking, please!
			if (isset($tag['validate']))
				$tag['validate']($tag, $data, $disabled, $params);

			// For parsed content, we must recurse to avoid security problems.
			if ($tag['type'] != 'unparsed_equals')
				$data = parse_bbc($data, !empty($tag['parsed_tags_allowed']) ? false : true, '', !empty($tag['parsed_tags_allowed']) ? $tag['parsed_tags_allowed'] : array());

			$tag['after'] = strtr($tag['after'], array('$1' => $data));

			$open_tags[] = $tag;

			$code = strtr($tag['before'], array('$1' => $data));
			$message = substr($message, 0, $pos) . "\n" . $code . "\n" . substr($message, $pos2 + ($quoted == false ? 1 : 7));

			$pos += strlen($code) - 1 + 2;
		}

		// If this is block level, eat any breaks after it.
		if (!empty($tag['block_level']) && substr($message, $pos + 1, 4) == '<br>')
			$message = substr($message, 0, $pos + 1) . substr($message, $pos + 5);

		// Are we trimming outside this tag?
		if (!empty($tag['trim']) && $tag['trim'] != 'outside' && preg_match('~(<br>|&nbsp;|\s)*~', substr($message, $pos + 1), $matches) != 0)
			$message = substr($message, 0, $pos + 1) . substr($message, $pos + 1 + strlen($matches[0]));
	}

	// Close any remaining tags.
	while ($tag = array_pop($open_tags))
		$message .= "\n" . $tag['after'] . "\n";

	// Parse the smileys within the parts where it can be done safely.
	if ($smileys === true)
	{
		$message_parts = explode("\n", $message);
		for ($i = 0, $n = count($message_parts); $i < $n; $i += 2)
			parsesmileys($message_parts[$i]);

		$message = implode('', $message_parts);
	}

	// No smileys, just get rid of the markers.
	else
		$message = strtr($message, array("\n" => ''));

	if ($message !== '' && $message[0] === ' ')
		$message = '&nbsp;' . substr($message, 1);

	// Cleanup whitespace.
	$message = strtr($message, array('  ' => ' &nbsp;', "\r" => '', "\n" => '<br>', '<br> ' => '<br>&nbsp;', '&#13;' => "\n"));

	// Allow mods access to what parse_bbc created
	call_integration_hook('integrate_post_parsebbc', array(&$message, &$smileys, &$cache_id, &$parse_tags));

	// Cache the output if it took some time...
	if (isset($cache_key, $cache_t) && microtime(true) - $cache_t > 0.05)
		cache_put_data($cache_key, $message, 240);

	// If this was a force parse revert if needed.
	if (!empty($parse_tags))
	{
		$alltags_regex = empty($real_alltags_regex) ? '' : $real_alltags_regex;
		unset($real_alltags_regex);
	}
	elseif (!empty($bbc_codes))
		$bbc_lang_locales[$txt['lang_locale']] = $bbc_codes;

	return $message;
}

/**
 * Parse smileys in the passed message.
 *
 * The smiley parsing function which makes pretty faces appear :).
 * If custom smiley sets are turned off by smiley_enable, the default set of smileys will be used.
 * These are specifically not parsed in code tags [url=mailto:[email protected]]
 * Caches the smileys from the database or array in memory.
 * Doesn't return anything, but rather modifies message directly.
 *
 * @param string &$message The message to parse smileys in
 */
function parsesmileys(&$message)
{
	global $modSettings, $txt, $user_info, $context, $smcFunc;
	static $smileyPregSearch = null, $smileyPregReplacements = array();

	// No smiley set at all?!
	if ($user_info['smiley_set'] == 'none' || trim($message) == '')
		return;

	// Maybe a mod wants to implement an alternative method (e.g. emojis instead of images)
	call_integration_hook('integrate_smileys', array(&$smileyPregSearch, &$smileyPregReplacements));

	// If smileyPregSearch hasn't been set, do it now.
	if (empty($smileyPregSearch))
	{
		// Cache for longer when customized smiley codes aren't enabled
		$cache_time = empty($modSettings['smiley_enable']) ? 7200 : 480;

		// Load the smileys in reverse order by length so they don't get parsed incorrectly.
		if (($temp = cache_get_data('parsing_smileys_' . $user_info['smiley_set'], $cache_time)) == null)

		{
			$result = $smcFunc['db_query']('', '
				SELECT s.code, f.filename, s.description
				FROM {db_prefix}smileys AS s
					JOIN {db_prefix}smiley_files AS f ON (s.id_smiley = f.id_smiley)
				WHERE f.smiley_set = {string:smiley_set}' . (empty($modSettings['smiley_enable']) ? '
					AND s.code IN ({array_string:default_codes})' : '') . '
				ORDER BY LENGTH(s.code) DESC',
				array(
					'default_codes' => array('>:D', ':D', '::)', '>:(', ':))', ':)', ';)', ';D', ':(', ':o', '8)', ':P', '???', ':-[', ':-X', ':-*', ':\'(', ':-\\', '^-^', 'O0', 'C:-)', 'O:-)'),
					'smiley_set' => $user_info['smiley_set'],
				)
			);
			$smileysfrom = array();
			$smileysto = array();
			$smileysdescs = array();
			while ($row = $smcFunc['db_fetch_assoc']($result))
			{
				$smileysfrom[] = $row['code'];
				$smileysto[] = $smcFunc['htmlspecialchars']($row['filename']);
				$smileysdescs[] = !empty($txt['icon_' . strtolower($row['description'])]) ? $txt['icon_' . strtolower($row['description'])] : $row['description'];
			}
			$smcFunc['db_free_result']($result);

			cache_put_data('parsing_smileys_' . $user_info['smiley_set'], array($smileysfrom, $smileysto, $smileysdescs), $cache_time);
		}
		else
			list ($smileysfrom, $smileysto, $smileysdescs) = $temp;

		// The non-breaking-space is a complex thing...
		$non_breaking_space = $context['utf8'] ? '\x{A0}' : '\xA0';

		// This smiley regex makes sure it doesn't parse smileys within code tags (so [url=mailto:[email protected]] doesn't parse the :D smiley)
		$smileyPregReplacements = array();
		$searchParts = array();
		$smileys_path = $smcFunc['htmlspecialchars']($modSettings['smileys_url'] . '/' . $user_info['smiley_set'] . '/');

		for ($i = 0, $n = count($smileysfrom); $i < $n; $i++)
		{
			$specialChars = $smcFunc['htmlspecialchars']($smileysfrom[$i], ENT_QUOTES);
			$smileyCode = '<img src="' . $smileys_path . $smileysto[$i] . '" alt="' . strtr($specialChars, array(':' => '&#58;', '(' => '&#40;', ')' => '&#41;', '$' => '&#36;', '[' => '&#091;')) . '" title="' . strtr($smcFunc['htmlspecialchars']($smileysdescs[$i]), array(':' => '&#58;', '(' => '&#40;', ')' => '&#41;', '$' => '&#36;', '[' => '&#091;')) . '" class="smiley">';

			$smileyPregReplacements[$smileysfrom[$i]] = $smileyCode;

			$searchParts[] = $smileysfrom[$i];
			if ($smileysfrom[$i] != $specialChars)
			{
				$smileyPregReplacements[$specialChars] = $smileyCode;
				$searchParts[] = $specialChars;

				// Some 2.0 hex htmlchars are in there as 3 digits; allow for finding leading 0 or not
				$specialChars2 = preg_replace('/&#(\d{2});/', '&#0$1;', $specialChars);
				if ($specialChars2 != $specialChars)
				{
					$smileyPregReplacements[$specialChars2] = $smileyCode;
					$searchParts[] = $specialChars2;
				}
			}
		}

		$smileyPregSearch = '~(?<=[>:\?\.\s' . $non_breaking_space . '[\]()*\\\;]|(?<![a-zA-Z0-9])\(|^)(' . build_regex($searchParts, '~') . ')(?=[^[:alpha:]0-9]|$)~' . ($context['utf8'] ? 'u' : '');
		$smileyPregSearch = '~(?<=[>:\?\.\s' . $non_breaking_space . '[\]()*\\\;]|(?<![a-zA-Z0-9])\(|^)(' . /** @scrutinizer ignore-type */ build_regex($searchParts, '~') . ')(?=[^[:alpha:]0-9]|$)~' . ($context['utf8'] ? 'u' : '');
	}

	// Replace away!
	$message = preg_replace_callback($smileyPregSearch, function($matches) use ($smileyPregReplacements)
		{
			return $smileyPregReplacements[$matches[1]];
		}, $message);
}

/**
 * Highlight any code.
 *
 * Uses PHP's highlight_string() to highlight PHP syntax
 * does special handling to keep the tabs in the code available.
 * used to parse PHP code from inside [code] and [php] tags.
 *
 * @param string $code The code
 * @return string The code with highlighted HTML.
 */
function highlight_php_code($code)
{
	// Remove special characters.
	$code = un_htmlspecialchars(strtr($code, array('<br />' => "\n", '<br>' => "\n", "\t" => 'SMF_TAB();', '&#91;' => '[')));

	$oldlevel = error_reporting(0);

	$buffer = str_replace(array("\n", "\r"), '', @highlight_string($code, true));

	error_reporting($oldlevel);

	// Yes, I know this is kludging it, but this is the best way to preserve tabs from PHP :P.
	$buffer = preg_replace('~SMF_TAB(?:</(?:font|span)><(?:font color|span style)="[^"]*?">)?\\(\\);~', '<pre style="display: inline;">' . "\t" . '</pre>', $buffer);

	return strtr($buffer, array('\'' => '&#039;', '<code>' => '', '</code>' => ''));
}

/**
 * Gets the appropriate URL to use for images (or whatever) when using SSL
 *
 * The returned URL may or may not be a proxied URL, depending on the situation.
 * Mods can implement alternative proxies using the 'integrate_proxy' hook.
 *
 * @param string $url The original URL of the requested resource
 * @return string The URL to use
 */
function get_proxied_url($url)
{
	global $boardurl, $image_proxy_enabled, $image_proxy_secret, $user_info;

	// Only use the proxy if enabled, and never for robots
	if (empty($image_proxy_enabled) || !empty($user_info['possibly_robot']))
		return $url;

	$parsedurl = parse_url($url);

	// Don't bother with HTTPS URLs, schemeless URLs, or obviously invalid URLs
	if (empty($parsedurl['scheme']) || empty($parsedurl['host']) || empty($parsedurl['path']) || $parsedurl['scheme'] === 'https')
		return $url;

	// We don't need to proxy our own resources
	if ($parsedurl['host'] === parse_url($boardurl, PHP_URL_HOST))
		return strtr($url, array('http://' => 'https://'));

	// By default, use SMF's own image proxy script
	$proxied_url = strtr($boardurl, array('http://' => 'https://')) . '/proxy.php?request=' . urlencode($url) . '&hash=' . hash_hmac('sha1', $url, $image_proxy_secret);

	// Allow mods to easily implement an alternative proxy
	// MOD AUTHORS: To add settings UI for your proxy, use the integrate_general_settings hook.
	call_integration_hook('integrate_proxy', array($url, &$proxied_url));

	return $proxied_url;
}

/**
 * Make sure the browser doesn't come back and repost the form data.
 * Should be used whenever anything is posted.
 *
 * @param string $setLocation The URL to redirect them to
 * @param bool $refresh Whether to use a meta refresh instead
 * @param bool $permanent Whether to send a 301 Moved Permanently instead of a 302 Moved Temporarily
 */
function redirectexit($setLocation = '', $refresh = false, $permanent = false)
{
	global $scripturl, $context, $modSettings, $db_show_debug, $db_cache;

	// In case we have mail to send, better do that - as obExit doesn't always quite make it...
	if (!empty($context['flush_mail']))
		// @todo this relies on 'flush_mail' being only set in AddMailQueue itself... :\
		AddMailQueue(true);

	$add = preg_match('~^(ftp|http)[s]?://~', $setLocation) == 0 && substr($setLocation, 0, 6) != 'about:';

	if ($add)
		$setLocation = $scripturl . ($setLocation != '' ? '?' . $setLocation : '');

	// Put the session ID in.
	if (defined('SID') && SID != '')
		$setLocation = preg_replace('/^' . preg_quote($scripturl, '/') . '(?!\?' . preg_quote(SID, '/') . ')\\??/', $scripturl . '?' . SID . ';', $setLocation);
	// Keep that debug in their for template debugging!
	elseif (isset($_GET['debug']))
		$setLocation = preg_replace('/^' . preg_quote($scripturl, '/') . '\\??/', $scripturl . '?debug;', $setLocation);

	if (!empty($modSettings['queryless_urls']) && (empty($context['server']['is_cgi']) || ini_get('cgi.fix_pathinfo') == 1 || @get_cfg_var('cgi.fix_pathinfo') == 1) && (!empty($context['server']['is_apache']) || !empty($context['server']['is_lighttpd']) || !empty($context['server']['is_litespeed'])))
	{
		if (defined('SID') && SID != '')
			$setLocation = preg_replace_callback('~^' . preg_quote($scripturl, '~') . '\?(?:' . SID . '(?:;|&|&amp;))((?:board|topic)=[^#]+?)(#[^"]*?)?$~',
				function($m) use ($scripturl)
				{
					return $scripturl . '/' . strtr("$m[1]", '&;=', '//,') . '.html?' . SID . (isset($m[2]) ? "$m[2]" : "");
				}, $setLocation);
		else
			$setLocation = preg_replace_callback('~^' . preg_quote($scripturl, '~') . '\?((?:board|topic)=[^#"]+?)(#[^"]*?)?$~',
				function($m) use ($scripturl)
				{
					return $scripturl . '/' . strtr("$m[1]", '&;=', '//,') . '.html' . (isset($m[2]) ? "$m[2]" : "");
				}, $setLocation);
	}

	// Maybe integrations want to change where we are heading?
	call_integration_hook('integrate_redirect', array(&$setLocation, &$refresh, &$permanent));

	// Set the header.
	header('location: ' . str_replace(' ', '%20', $setLocation), true, $permanent ? 301 : 302);

	// Debugging.
	if (isset($db_show_debug) && $db_show_debug === true)
		$_SESSION['debug_redirect'] = $db_cache;

	obExit(false);
}

/**
 * Ends execution.  Takes care of template loading and remembering the previous URL.
 *
 * @param bool $header Whether to do the header
 * @param bool $do_footer Whether to do the footer
 * @param bool $from_index Whether we're coming from the board index
 * @param bool $from_fatal_error Whether we're coming from a fatal error
 */
function obExit($header = null, $do_footer = null, $from_index = false, $from_fatal_error = false)
{
	global $context, $settings, $modSettings, $txt, $smcFunc, $should_log;
	static $header_done = false, $footer_done = false, $level = 0, $has_fatal_error = false;

	// Attempt to prevent a recursive loop.
	++$level;
	if ($level > 1 && !$from_fatal_error && !$has_fatal_error)
		exit;

	if ($from_fatal_error)
		$has_fatal_error = true;

	// Clear out the stat cache.
	if (function_exists('trackStats'))
		trackStats();

	// If we have mail to send, send it.
	if (function_exists('AddMailQueue') && !empty($context['flush_mail']))
		// @todo this relies on 'flush_mail' being only set in AddMailQueue itself... :\
		AddMailQueue(true);

	$do_header = $header === null ? !$header_done : $header;
	if ($do_footer === null)
		$do_footer = $do_header;

	// Has the template/header been done yet?
	if ($do_header)
	{
		// Was the page title set last minute? Also update the HTML safe one.
		if (!empty($context['page_title']) && empty($context['page_title_html_safe']))
			$context['page_title_html_safe'] = $smcFunc['htmlspecialchars'](un_htmlspecialchars($context['page_title'])) . (!empty($context['current_page']) ? ' - ' . $txt['page'] . ' ' . ($context['current_page'] + 1) : '');

		// Start up the session URL fixer.
		ob_start('ob_sessrewrite');

		if (!empty($settings['output_buffers']) && is_string($settings['output_buffers']))
			$buffers = explode(',', $settings['output_buffers']);
		elseif (!empty($settings['output_buffers']))
			$buffers = $settings['output_buffers'];
		else
			$buffers = array();

		if (isset($modSettings['integrate_buffer']))
			$buffers = array_merge(explode(',', $modSettings['integrate_buffer']), $buffers);

		if (!empty($buffers))
			foreach ($buffers as $function)
			{
				$call = call_helper($function, true);

				// Is it valid?
				if (!empty($call))
					ob_start($call);
					ob_start(/** @scrutinizer ignore-type */ $call);
			}

		// Display the screen in the logical order.
		template_header();
		$header_done = true;
	}
	if ($do_footer)
	{
		loadSubTemplate(isset($context['sub_template']) ? $context['sub_template'] : 'main');

		// Anything special to put out?
		if (!empty($context['insert_after_template']) && !isset($_REQUEST['xml']))
			echo $context['insert_after_template'];

		// Just so we don't get caught in an endless loop of errors from the footer...
		if (!$footer_done)
		{
			$footer_done = true;
			template_footer();

			// (since this is just debugging... it's okay that it's after </html>.)
			if (!isset($_REQUEST['xml']))
				displayDebug();
		}
	}

	// Remember this URL in case someone doesn't like sending HTTP_REFERER.
	if ($should_log)
		$_SESSION['old_url'] = $_SERVER['REQUEST_URL'];

	// For session check verification.... don't switch browsers...
	$_SESSION['USER_AGENT'] = empty($_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT']) ? '' : $_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT'];

	// Hand off the output to the portal, etc. we're integrated with.
	call_integration_hook('integrate_exit', array($do_footer));

	// Don't exit if we're coming from index.php; that will pass through normally.
	if (!$from_index)
		exit;

}

/**
 * Get the size of a specified image with better error handling.
 *
 * @todo see if it's better in Subs-Graphics, but one step at the time.
 * Uses getimagesize() to determine the size of a file.
 * Attempts to connect to the server first so it won't time out.
 *
 * @param string $url The URL of the image
 * @return array|false The image size as array (width, height), or false on failure
 */
function url_image_size($url)
{
	global $sourcedir;

	// Make sure it is a proper URL.
	$url = str_replace(' ', '%20', $url);

	// Can we pull this from the cache... please please?
	if (($temp = cache_get_data('url_image_size-' . md5($url), 240)) !== null)
		return $temp;
	$t = microtime(true);

	// Get the host to pester...
	preg_match('~^\w+://(.+?)/(.*)$~', $url, $match);

	// Can't figure it out, just try the image size.
	if ($url == '' || $url == 'http://' || $url == 'https://')
	{
		return false;
	}
	elseif (!isset($match[1]))
	{
		$size = @getimagesize($url);
	}
	else
	{
		// Try to connect to the server... give it half a second.
		$temp = 0;
		$fp = @fsockopen($match[1], 80, $temp, $temp, 0.5);

		// Successful?  Continue...
		if ($fp != false)
		{
			// Send the HEAD request (since we don't have to worry about chunked, HTTP/1.1 is fine here.)
			fwrite($fp, 'HEAD /' . $match[2] . ' HTTP/1.1' . "\r\n" . 'Host: ' . $match[1] . "\r\n" . 'user-agent: '. SMF_USER_AGENT . "\r\n" . 'Connection: close' . "\r\n\r\n");

			// Read in the HTTP/1.1 or whatever.
			$test = substr(fgets($fp, 11), -1);
			fclose($fp);

			// See if it returned a 404/403 or something.
			if ($test < 4)
			{
				$size = @getimagesize($url);

				// This probably means allow_url_fopen is off, let's try GD.
				if ($size === false && function_exists('imagecreatefromstring'))
				{
					// It's going to hate us for doing this, but another request...
					$image = @imagecreatefromstring(fetch_web_data($url));
					$image = @imagecreatefromstring(/** @scrutinizer ignore-type */ fetch_web_data($url));
					if ($image !== false)
					{
						$size = array(imagesx($image), imagesy($image));
						imagedestroy($image);
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}

	// If we didn't get it, we failed.
	if (!isset($size))
		$size = false;

	// If this took a long time, we may never have to do it again, but then again we might...
	if (microtime(true) - $t > 0.8)
		cache_put_data('url_image_size-' . md5($url), $size, 240);

	// Didn't work.
	return $size;
}

/**
 * Sets up the basic theme context stuff.
 *
 * @param bool $forceload Whether to load the theme even if it's already loaded
 */
function setupThemeContext($forceload = false)
{
	global $modSettings, $user_info, $scripturl, $context, $settings, $options, $txt, $maintenance;
	global $smcFunc;
	static $loaded = false;

	// Under SSI this function can be called more then once.  That can cause some problems.
	//   So only run the function once unless we are forced to run it again.
	if ($loaded && !$forceload)
		return;

	$loaded = true;

	$context['in_maintenance'] = !empty($maintenance);
	$context['current_time'] = timeformat(time(), false);
	$context['current_action'] = isset($_GET['action']) ? $smcFunc['htmlspecialchars']($_GET['action']) : '';
	$context['random_news_line'] = array();

	// Get some news...
	$context['news_lines'] = array_filter(explode("\n", str_replace("\r", '', trim(addslashes($modSettings['news'])))));
	for ($i = 0, $n = count($context['news_lines']); $i < $n; $i++)
	{
		if (trim($context['news_lines'][$i]) == '')
			continue;

		// Clean it up for presentation ;).
		$context['news_lines'][$i] = parse_bbc(stripslashes(trim($context['news_lines'][$i])), true, 'news' . $i);
	}

	if (!empty($context['news_lines']) && (!empty($modSettings['allow_guestAccess']) || $context['user']['is_logged']))
		$context['random_news_line'] = $context['news_lines'][mt_rand(0, count($context['news_lines']) - 1)];

	if (!$user_info['is_guest'])
	{
		$context['user']['messages'] = &$user_info['messages'];
		$context['user']['unread_messages'] = &$user_info['unread_messages'];
		$context['user']['alerts'] = &$user_info['alerts'];

		// Personal message popup...
		if ($user_info['unread_messages'] > (isset($_SESSION['unread_messages']) ? $_SESSION['unread_messages'] : 0))
			$context['user']['popup_messages'] = true;
		else
			$context['user']['popup_messages'] = false;
		$_SESSION['unread_messages'] = $user_info['unread_messages'];

		if (allowedTo('moderate_forum'))
			$context['unapproved_members'] = !empty($modSettings['unapprovedMembers']) ? $modSettings['unapprovedMembers'] : 0;

		$context['user']['avatar'] = array();

		// Check for gravatar first since we might be forcing them...
		if (($modSettings['gravatarEnabled'] && substr($user_info['avatar']['url'], 0, 11) == 'gravatar://') || !empty($modSettings['gravatarOverride']))
		{
			if (!empty($modSettings['gravatarAllowExtraEmail']) && stristr($user_info['avatar']['url'], 'gravatar://') && strlen($user_info['avatar']['url']) > 11)
				$context['user']['avatar']['href'] = get_gravatar_url($smcFunc['substr']($user_info['avatar']['url'], 11));
			else
				$context['user']['avatar']['href'] = get_gravatar_url($user_info['email']);
		}
		// Uploaded?
		elseif ($user_info['avatar']['url'] == '' && !empty($user_info['avatar']['id_attach']))
			$context['user']['avatar']['href'] = $user_info['avatar']['custom_dir'] ? $modSettings['custom_avatar_url'] . '/' . $user_info['avatar']['filename'] : $scripturl . '?action=dlattach;attach=' . $user_info['avatar']['id_attach'] . ';type=avatar';
		// Full URL?
		elseif (strpos($user_info['avatar']['url'], 'http://') === 0 || strpos($user_info['avatar']['url'], 'https://') === 0)
			$context['user']['avatar']['href'] = $user_info['avatar']['url'];
		// Otherwise we assume it's server stored.
		elseif ($user_info['avatar']['url'] != '')
			$context['user']['avatar']['href'] = $modSettings['avatar_url'] . '/' . $smcFunc['htmlspecialchars']($user_info['avatar']['url']);
		// No avatar at all? Fine, we have a big fat default avatar ;)
		else
			$context['user']['avatar']['href'] = $modSettings['avatar_url'] . '/default.png';

		if (!empty($context['user']['avatar']))
			$context['user']['avatar']['image'] = '<img src="' . $context['user']['avatar']['href'] . '" alt="" class="avatar">';

		// Figure out how long they've been logged in.
		$context['user']['total_time_logged_in'] = array(
			'days' => floor($user_info['total_time_logged_in'] / 86400),
			'hours' => floor(($user_info['total_time_logged_in'] % 86400) / 3600),
			'minutes' => floor(($user_info['total_time_logged_in'] % 3600) / 60)
		);
	}
	else
	{
		$context['user']['messages'] = 0;
		$context['user']['unread_messages'] = 0;
		$context['user']['avatar'] = array();
		$context['user']['total_time_logged_in'] = array('days' => 0, 'hours' => 0, 'minutes' => 0);
		$context['user']['popup_messages'] = false;

		if (!empty($modSettings['registration_method']) && $modSettings['registration_method'] == 1)
			$txt['welcome_guest'] .= $txt['welcome_guest_activate'];

		// If we've upgraded recently, go easy on the passwords.
		if (!empty($modSettings['disableHashTime']) && ($modSettings['disableHashTime'] == 1 || time() < $modSettings['disableHashTime']))
			$context['disable_login_hashing'] = true;
	}

	// Setup the main menu items.
	setupMenuContext();

	// This is here because old index templates might still use it.
	$context['show_news'] = !empty($settings['enable_news']);

	// This is done to allow theme authors to customize it as they want.
	$context['show_pm_popup'] = $context['user']['popup_messages'] && !empty($options['popup_messages']) && (!isset($_REQUEST['action']) || $_REQUEST['action'] != 'pm');

	// 2.1+: Add the PM popup here instead. Theme authors can still override it simply by editing/removing the 'fPmPopup' in the array.
	if ($context['show_pm_popup'])
		addInlineJavaScript('
		jQuery(document).ready(function($) {
			new smc_Popup({
				heading: ' . JavaScriptEscape($txt['show_personal_messages_heading']) . ',
				content: ' . JavaScriptEscape(sprintf($txt['show_personal_messages'], $context['user']['unread_messages'], $scripturl . '?action=pm')) . ',
				icon_class: \'main_icons mail_new\'
			});
		});');

	// Add a generic "Are you sure?" confirmation message.
	addInlineJavaScript('
	var smf_you_sure =' . JavaScriptEscape($txt['quickmod_confirm']) . ';');

	// Now add the capping code for avatars.
	if (!empty($modSettings['avatar_max_width_external']) && !empty($modSettings['avatar_max_height_external']) && !empty($modSettings['avatar_action_too_large']) && $modSettings['avatar_action_too_large'] == 'option_css_resize')
		addInlineCss('
	img.avatar { max-width: ' . $modSettings['avatar_max_width_external'] . 'px; max-height: ' . $modSettings['avatar_max_height_external'] . 'px; }');

	// Add max image limits
	if (!empty($modSettings['max_image_width']))
		addInlineCss('
	.postarea .bbc_img { max-width: ' . $modSettings['max_image_width'] . 'px; }');

	if (!empty($modSettings['max_image_height']))
		addInlineCss('
	.postarea .bbc_img { max-height: ' . $modSettings['max_image_height'] . 'px; }');

	// This looks weird, but it's because BoardIndex.php references the variable.
	$context['common_stats']['latest_member'] = array(
		'id' => $modSettings['latestMember'],
		'name' => $modSettings['latestRealName'],
		'href' => $scripturl . '?action=profile;u=' . $modSettings['latestMember'],
		'link' => '<a href="' . $scripturl . '?action=profile;u=' . $modSettings['latestMember'] . '">' . $modSettings['latestRealName'] . '</a>',
	);
	$context['common_stats'] = array(
		'total_posts' => comma_format($modSettings['totalMessages']),
		'total_topics' => comma_format($modSettings['totalTopics']),
		'total_members' => comma_format($modSettings['totalMembers']),
		'latest_member' => $context['common_stats']['latest_member'],
	);
	$context['common_stats']['boardindex_total_posts'] = sprintf($txt['boardindex_total_posts'], $context['common_stats']['total_posts'], $context['common_stats']['total_topics'], $context['common_stats']['total_members']);

	if (empty($settings['theme_version']))
		addJavaScriptVar('smf_scripturl', $scripturl);

	if (!isset($context['page_title']))
		$context['page_title'] = '';

	// Set some specific vars.
	$context['page_title_html_safe'] = $smcFunc['htmlspecialchars'](un_htmlspecialchars($context['page_title'])) . (!empty($context['current_page']) ? ' - ' . $txt['page'] . ' ' . ($context['current_page'] + 1) : '');
	$context['meta_keywords'] = !empty($modSettings['meta_keywords']) ? $smcFunc['htmlspecialchars']($modSettings['meta_keywords']) : '';

	// Content related meta tags, including Open Graph
	$context['meta_tags'][] = array('property' => 'og:site_name', 'content' => $context['forum_name']);
	$context['meta_tags'][] = array('property' => 'og:title', 'content' => $context['page_title_html_safe']);

	if (!empty($context['meta_keywords']))
		$context['meta_tags'][] = array('name' => 'keywords', 'content' => $context['meta_keywords']);

	if (!empty($context['canonical_url']))
		$context['meta_tags'][] = array('property' => 'og:url', 'content' => $context['canonical_url']);

	if (!empty($settings['og_image']))
		$context['meta_tags'][] = array('property' => 'og:image', 'content' => $settings['og_image']);

	if (!empty($context['meta_description']))
	{
		$context['meta_tags'][] = array('property' => 'og:description', 'content' => $context['meta_description']);
		$context['meta_tags'][] = array('name' => 'description', 'content' => $context['meta_description']);
	}
	else
	{
		$context['meta_tags'][] = array('property' => 'og:description', 'content' => $context['page_title_html_safe']);
		$context['meta_tags'][] = array('name' => 'description', 'content' => $context['page_title_html_safe']);
	}

	call_integration_hook('integrate_theme_context');
}

/**
 * Helper function to set the system memory to a needed value
 * - If the needed memory is greater than current, will attempt to get more
 * - if in_use is set to true, will also try to take the current memory usage in to account
 *
 * @param string $needed The amount of memory to request, if needed, like 256M
 * @param bool $in_use Set to true to account for current memory usage of the script
 * @return boolean True if we have at least the needed memory
 */
function setMemoryLimit($needed, $in_use = false)
{
	// everything in bytes
	$memory_current = memoryReturnBytes(ini_get('memory_limit'));
	$memory_needed = memoryReturnBytes($needed);

	// should we account for how much is currently being used?
	if ($in_use)
		$memory_needed += function_exists('memory_get_usage') ? memory_get_usage() : (2 * 1048576);

	// if more is needed, request it
	if ($memory_current < $memory_needed)
	{
		@ini_set('memory_limit', ceil($memory_needed / 1048576) . 'M');
		$memory_current = memoryReturnBytes(ini_get('memory_limit'));
	}

	$memory_current = max($memory_current, memoryReturnBytes(get_cfg_var('memory_limit')));

	// return success or not
	return (bool) ($memory_current >= $memory_needed);
}

/**
 * Helper function to convert memory string settings to bytes
 *
 * @param string $val The byte string, like 256M or 1G
 * @return integer The string converted to a proper integer in bytes
 */
function memoryReturnBytes($val)
{
	if (is_integer($val))

		return $val;

	// Separate the number from the designator
	$val = trim($val);
	$num = intval(substr($val, 0, strlen($val) - 1));
	$last = strtolower(substr($val, -1));

	// convert to bytes
	switch ($last)
	{
		case 'g':
			$num *= 1024;

		case 'm':
			$num *= 1024;

		case 'k':
			$num *= 1024;
	}
	return $num;
}

/**
 * The header template
 */
function template_header()
{
	global $txt, $modSettings, $context, $user_info, $boarddir, $cachedir, $cache_enable;

	setupThemeContext();

	// Print stuff to prevent caching of pages (except on attachment errors, etc.)
	if (empty($context['no_last_modified']))
	{
		header('expires: Mon, 26 Jul 1997 05:00:00 GMT');
		header('last-modified: ' . gmdate('D, d M Y H:i:s') . ' GMT');

		// Are we debugging the template/html content?
		if (!isset($_REQUEST['xml']) && isset($_GET['debug']) && !isBrowser('ie'))
			header('content-type: application/xhtml+xml');
		elseif (!isset($_REQUEST['xml']))
			header('content-type: text/html; charset=' . (empty($context['character_set']) ? 'ISO-8859-1' : $context['character_set']));
	}

	header('content-type: text/' . (isset($_REQUEST['xml']) ? 'xml' : 'html') . '; charset=' . (empty($context['character_set']) ? 'ISO-8859-1' : $context['character_set']));

	// We need to splice this in after the body layer, or after the main layer for older stuff.
	if ($context['in_maintenance'] && $context['user']['is_admin'])
	{
		$position = array_search('body', $context['template_layers']);
		if ($position === false)
			$position = array_search('main', $context['template_layers']);

		if ($position !== false)
		{
			$before = array_slice($context['template_layers'], 0, $position + 1);
			$after = array_slice($context['template_layers'], $position + 1);
			$context['template_layers'] = array_merge($before, array('maint_warning'), $after);
		}
	}

	$checked_securityFiles = false;
	$showed_banned = false;
	foreach ($context['template_layers'] as $layer)
	{
		loadSubTemplate($layer . '_above', true);

		// May seem contrived, but this is done in case the body and main layer aren't there...
		if (in_array($layer, array('body', 'main')) && allowedTo('admin_forum') && !$user_info['is_guest'] && !$checked_securityFiles)
		{
			$checked_securityFiles = true;

			$securityFiles = array('install.php', 'upgrade.php', 'convert.php', 'repair_paths.php', 'repair_settings.php', 'Settings.php~', 'Settings_bak.php~');

			// Add your own files.
			call_integration_hook('integrate_security_files', array(&$securityFiles));

			foreach ($securityFiles as $i => $securityFile)
			{
				if (!file_exists($boarddir . '/' . $securityFile))
					unset($securityFiles[$i]);
			}

			// We are already checking so many files...just few more doesn't make any difference! :P
			if (!empty($modSettings['currentAttachmentUploadDir']))
				$path = $modSettings['attachmentUploadDir'][$modSettings['currentAttachmentUploadDir']];

			else
				$path = $modSettings['attachmentUploadDir'];

			secureDirectory($path, true);
			secureDirectory($cachedir);

			// If agreement is enabled, at least the english version shall exists
			if ($modSettings['requireAgreement'])
				$agreement = !file_exists($boarddir . '/agreement.txt');

			if (!empty($securityFiles) || (!empty($cache_enable) && !is_writable($cachedir)) || !empty($agreement))
			{
				echo '
		<div class="errorbox">
			<p class="alert">!!</p>
			<h3>', empty($securityFiles) ? $txt['generic_warning'] : $txt['security_risk'], '</h3>
			<p>';

				foreach ($securityFiles as $securityFile)
				{
					echo '
				', $txt['not_removed'], '<strong>', $securityFile, '</strong>!<br>';

					if ($securityFile == 'Settings.php~' || $securityFile == 'Settings_bak.php~')
						echo '
				', sprintf($txt['not_removed_extra'], $securityFile, substr($securityFile, 0, -1)), '<br>';
				}

				if (!empty($cache_enable) && !is_writable($cachedir))
					echo '
				<strong>', $txt['cache_writable'], '</strong><br>';

				if (!empty($agreement))
					echo '
				<strong>', $txt['agreement_missing'], '</strong><br>';

				echo '
			</p>
		</div>';
			}
		}
		// If the user is banned from posting inform them of it.
		elseif (in_array($layer, array('main', 'body')) && isset($_SESSION['ban']['cannot_post']) && !$showed_banned)
		{
			$showed_banned = true;
			echo '
				<div class="windowbg alert" style="margin: 2ex; padding: 2ex; border: 2px dashed red;">
					', sprintf($txt['you_are_post_banned'], $user_info['is_guest'] ? $txt['guest_title'] : $user_info['name']);

			if (!empty($_SESSION['ban']['cannot_post']['reason']))
				echo '
					<div style="padding-left: 4ex; padding-top: 1ex;">', $_SESSION['ban']['cannot_post']['reason'], '</div>';

			if (!empty($_SESSION['ban']['expire_time']))
				echo '
					<div>', sprintf($txt['your_ban_expires'], timeformat($_SESSION['ban']['expire_time'], false)), '</div>';
			else
				echo '
					<div>', $txt['your_ban_expires_never'], '</div>';

			echo '
				</div>';
		}
	}
}

/**
 * Show the copyright.
 */
function theme_copyright()
{
	global $forum_copyright;

	// Don't display copyright for things like SSI.
	if (SMF !== 1)

		return;

	// Put in the version...
	printf($forum_copyright, SMF_FULL_VERSION, SMF_SOFTWARE_YEAR);
}

/**
 * The template footer
 */
function template_footer()
{
	global $context, $modSettings, $db_count;

	// Show the load time?  (only makes sense for the footer.)
	$context['show_load_time'] = !empty($modSettings['timeLoadPageEnable']);
	$context['load_time'] = round(microtime(true) - TIME_START, 3);
	$context['load_queries'] = $db_count;

	if (!empty($context['template_layers']) && is_array($context['template_layers']))
		foreach (array_reverse($context['template_layers']) as $layer)
			loadSubTemplate($layer . '_below', true);
}

/**
 * Output the Javascript files
 * 	- tabbing in this function is to make the HTML source look good and proper
 *  - if deferred is set function will output all JS set to load at page end
 *
 * @param bool $do_deferred If true will only output the deferred JS (the stuff that goes right before the closing body tag)
 */
function template_javascript($do_deferred = false)
{
	global $context, $modSettings, $settings;

	// Use this hook to minify/optimize Javascript files and vars
	call_integration_hook('integrate_pre_javascript_output', array(&$do_deferred));

	$toMinify = array(
		'standard' => array(),
		'defer' => array(),
		'async' => array(),
	);

	// Ouput the declared Javascript variables.
	if (!empty($context['javascript_vars']) && !$do_deferred)
	{
		echo '
	<script>';

		foreach ($context['javascript_vars'] as $key => $value)
		{
			if (empty($value))
			{
				echo '
		var ', $key, ';';
			}
			else
			{
				echo '
		var ', $key, ' = ', $value, ';';
			}
		}

		echo '
	</script>';
	}

	// In the dark days before HTML5, deferred JS files needed to be loaded at the end of the body.
	// Now we load them in the head and use 'async' and/or 'defer' attributes. Much better performance.
	if (!$do_deferred)
	{
		// While we have JavaScript files to place in the template.
		foreach ($context['javascript_files'] as $id => $js_file)
		{
			// Last minute call! allow theme authors to disable single files.
			if (!empty($settings['disable_files']) && in_array($id, $settings['disable_files']))
				continue;

			// By default files don't get minimized unless the file explicitly says so!
			if (!empty($js_file['options']['minimize']) && !empty($modSettings['minimize_files']))
			{
				if (!empty($js_file['options']['async']))
					$toMinify['async'][] = $js_file;

				elseif (!empty($js_file['options']['defer']))
					$toMinify['defer'][] = $js_file;

				else
					$toMinify['standard'][] = $js_file;

				// Grab a random seed.
				if (!isset($minSeed) && isset($js_file['options']['seed']))
					$minSeed = $js_file['options']['seed'];
			}

			else
			{
				echo '
	<script src="', $js_file['fileUrl'], isset($js_file['options']['seed']) ? $js_file['options']['seed'] : '', '"', !empty($js_file['options']['async']) ? ' async' : '', !empty($js_file['options']['defer']) ? ' defer' : '';

				if (!empty($js_file['options']['attributes']))
					foreach ($js_file['options']['attributes'] as $key => $value)
					{
						if (is_bool($value))
							echo !empty($value) ? ' ' . $key : '';

						else
							echo ' ', $key, '="', $value, '"';
					}

				echo '></script>';
			}
		}

		foreach ($toMinify as $js_files)
		{
			if (!empty($js_files))
			{
				$result = custMinify($js_files, 'js');

				$minSuccessful = array_keys($result) === array('smf_minified');

				foreach ($result as $minFile)
					echo '
	<script src="', $minFile['fileUrl'], $minSuccessful && isset($minSeed) ? $minSeed : '', '"', !empty($minFile['options']['async']) ? ' async' : '', !empty($minFile['options']['defer']) ? ' defer' : '', '></script>';
			}
		}
	}

	// Inline JavaScript - Actually useful some times!
	if (!empty($context['javascript_inline']))
	{
		if (!empty($context['javascript_inline']['defer']) && $do_deferred)
		{
			echo '
<script>
window.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function() {';

			foreach ($context['javascript_inline']['defer'] as $js_code)
				echo $js_code;

			echo '
});
</script>';
		}

		if (!empty($context['javascript_inline']['standard']) && !$do_deferred)
		{
			echo '
	<script>';

			foreach ($context['javascript_inline']['standard'] as $js_code)
				echo $js_code;

			echo '
	</script>';
		}
	}
}

/**
 * Output the CSS files
 */
function template_css()
{
	global $context, $db_show_debug, $boardurl, $settings, $modSettings;

	// Use this hook to minify/optimize CSS files
	call_integration_hook('integrate_pre_css_output');

	$toMinify = array();
	$normal = array();

	usort($context['css_files'], function ($a, $b)
	{
		return $a['options']['order_pos'] < $b['options']['order_pos'] ? -1 : ($a['options']['order_pos'] > $b['options']['order_pos'] ? 1 : 0);
	});
	foreach ($context['css_files'] as $id => $file)
	{
		// Last minute call! allow theme authors to disable single files.
		if (!empty($settings['disable_files']) && in_array($id, $settings['disable_files']))
			continue;

		// Files are minimized unless they explicitly opt out.
		if (!isset($file['options']['minimize']))
			$file['options']['minimize'] = true;

		if (!empty($file['options']['minimize']) && !empty($modSettings['minimize_files']) && !isset($_REQUEST['normalcss']))
		{
			$toMinify[] = $file;

			// Grab a random seed.
			if (!isset($minSeed) && isset($file['options']['seed']))
				$minSeed = $file['options']['seed'];
		}
		else
			$normal[] = array(
				'url' => $file['fileUrl'] . (isset($file['options']['seed']) ? $file['options']['seed'] : ''),
				'attributes' => !empty($file['options']['attributes']) ? $file['options']['attributes'] : array()
			);
	}

	if (!empty($toMinify))
	{
		$result = custMinify($toMinify, 'css');

		$minSuccessful = array_keys($result) === array('smf_minified');

		foreach ($result as $minFile)
			echo '
	<link rel="stylesheet" href="', $minFile['fileUrl'], $minSuccessful && isset($minSeed) ? $minSeed : '', '">';
	}

	// Print the rest after the minified files.
	if (!empty($normal))
		foreach ($normal as $nf)
		{
			echo '
	<link rel="stylesheet" href="', $nf['url'], '"';

			if (!empty($nf['attributes']))
				foreach ($nf['attributes'] as $key => $value)
				{
					if (is_bool($value))
						echo !empty($value) ? ' ' . $key : '';
					else
						echo ' ', $key, '="', $value, '"';
				}

			echo '>';
		}

	if ($db_show_debug === true)
	{
		// Try to keep only what's useful.
		$repl = array($boardurl . '/Themes/' => '', $boardurl . '/' => '');
		foreach ($context['css_files'] as $file)
			$context['debug']['sheets'][] = strtr($file['fileName'], $repl);
	}

	if (!empty($context['css_header']))
	{
		echo '
	<style>';

		foreach ($context['css_header'] as $css)
			echo $css . '
	';

		echo '
	</style>';
	}
}

/**
 * Get an array of previously defined files and adds them to our main minified files.
 * Sets a one day cache to avoid re-creating a file on every request.
 *
 * @param array $data The files to minify.
 * @param string $type either css or js.
 * @return array Info about the minified file, or about the original files if the minify process failed.
 */
function custMinify($data, $type)
{
	global $settings, $txt;

	$types = array('css', 'js');
	$type = !empty($type) && in_array($type, $types) ? $type : false;
	$data = is_array($data) ? $data : array();


	if (empty($type) || empty($data))
		return $data;

	// Different pages include different files, so we use a hash to label the different combinations
	$hash = md5(implode(' ', array_map(function($file)
	{
		return $file['filePath'] . '-' . $file['mtime'];
	}, $data)));

	// Is this a deferred or asynchronous JavaScript file?
	$async = $type === 'js';
	$defer = $type === 'js';
	if ($type === 'js')
	{
		foreach ($data as $id => $file)
		{
			// A minified script should only be loaded asynchronously if all its components wanted to be.
			if (empty($file['options']['async']))
				$async = false;

			// A minified script should only be deferred if all its components wanted to be.
			if (empty($file['options']['defer']))
				$defer = false;
		}
	}

	// Did we already do this?
	$minified_file = $settings['theme_dir'] . '/' . ($type == 'css' ? 'css' : 'scripts') . '/minified_' . $hash . '.' . $type;
	$already_exists = file_exists($minified_file);

	// Already done?
	if ($already_exists)
	{
		return array('smf_minified' => array(
			'fileUrl' => $settings['theme_url'] . '/' . ($type == 'css' ? 'css' : 'scripts') . '/' . basename($minified_file),
			'filePath' => $minified_file,
			'fileName' => basename($minified_file),
			'options' => array('async' => !empty($async), 'defer' => !empty($defer)),
		));
	}
	// File has to exist. If it doesn't, try to create it.
	elseif (@fopen($minified_file, 'w') === false || !smf_chmod($minified_file))
	{
		loadLanguage('Errors');
		log_error(sprintf($txt['file_not_created'], $minified_file), 'general');

		// The process failed, so roll back to print each individual file.
		return $data;
	}

	// No namespaces, sorry!
	$classType = 'MatthiasMullie\\Minify\\' . strtoupper($type);

	$minifier = new $classType();

	foreach ($data as $id => $file)
	{
		$toAdd = !empty($file['filePath']) && file_exists($file['filePath']) ? $file['filePath'] : false;

		// The file couldn't be located so it won't be added. Log this error.
		if (empty($toAdd))
		{
			loadLanguage('Errors');
			log_error(sprintf($txt['file_minimize_fail'], !empty($file['fileName']) ? $file['fileName'] : $id), 'general');
			continue;
		}

		// Add this file to the list.
		$minifier->add($toAdd);
	}

	// Create the file.
	$minifier->minify($minified_file);
	unset($minifier);
	clearstatcache();

	// Minify process failed.
	if (!filesize($minified_file))
	{
		loadLanguage('Errors');
		log_error(sprintf($txt['file_not_created'], $minified_file), 'general');

		// The process failed so roll back to print each individual file.
		return $data;
	}

	return array('smf_minified' => array(
		'fileUrl' => $settings['theme_url'] . '/' . ($type == 'css' ? 'css' : 'scripts') . '/' . basename($minified_file),
		'filePath' => $minified_file,
		'fileName' => basename($minified_file),
		'options' => array('async' => $async, 'defer' => $defer),
	));
}

/**
 * Clears out old minimized CSS and JavaScript files and ensures $modSettings['browser_cache'] is up to date
 */
function deleteAllMinified()
{
	global $smcFunc, $txt, $modSettings;

	$not_deleted = array();
	$most_recent = 0;

	// Kinda sucks that we need to do another query to get all the theme dirs, but c'est la vie.
	$request = $smcFunc['db_query']('', '
		SELECT id_theme AS id, value AS dir
		FROM {db_prefix}themes
		WHERE variable = {string:var}',
		array(
			'var' => 'theme_dir',
		)
	);
	while ($theme = $smcFunc['db_fetch_assoc']($request))
	{
		foreach (array('css', 'js') as $type)
		{
			foreach (glob(rtrim($theme['dir'], '/') . '/' . ($type == 'css' ? 'css' : 'scripts') . '/*.' . $type) as $filename)
			{
				// We want to find the most recent mtime of non-minified files
				if (strpos(pathinfo($filename, PATHINFO_BASENAME), 'minified') === false)
					$most_recent = max($modSettings['browser_cache'], (int) @filemtime($filename));

				// Try to delete minified files. Add them to our error list if that fails.
				elseif (!@unlink($filename))
					$not_deleted[] = $filename;
			}
		}
	}
	$smcFunc['db_free_result']($request);

	// This setting tracks the most recent modification time of any of our CSS and JS files
	if ($most_recent > $modSettings['browser_cache'])
		updateSettings(array('browser_cache' => $most_recent));

	// If any of the files could not be deleted, log an error about it.
	if (!empty($not_deleted))
	{
		loadLanguage('Errors');
		log_error(sprintf($txt['unlink_minimized_fail'], implode('<br>', $not_deleted)), 'general');
	}
}

/**
 * Get an attachment's encrypted filename. If $new is true, won't check for file existence.
 *
 * @todo this currently returns the hash if new, and the full filename otherwise.
 * Something messy like that.
 * @todo and of course everything relies on this behavior and work around it. :P.
 * Converters included.
 *
 * @param string $filename The name of the file
 * @param int $attachment_id The ID of the attachment
 * @param string|null $dir Which directory it should be in (null to use current one)
 * @param bool $new Whether this is a new attachment
 * @param string $file_hash The file hash
 * @return string The path to the file
 */
function getAttachmentFilename($filename, $attachment_id, $dir = null, $new = false, $file_hash = '')
{
	global $modSettings, $smcFunc;

	// Just make up a nice hash...
	if ($new)
		return sha1(md5($filename . time()) . mt_rand());

	// Just make sure that attachment id is only a int
	$attachment_id = (int) $attachment_id;

	// Grab the file hash if it wasn't added.
	// Left this for legacy.
	if ($file_hash === '')
	{
		$request = $smcFunc['db_query']('', '
			SELECT file_hash
			FROM {db_prefix}attachments
			WHERE id_attach = {int:id_attach}',
			array(
				'id_attach' => $attachment_id,
			)
		);

		if ($smcFunc['db_num_rows']($request) === 0)
			return false;

		list ($file_hash) = $smcFunc['db_fetch_row']($request);
		$smcFunc['db_free_result']($request);
	}

	// Still no hash? mmm...
	if (empty($file_hash))
		$file_hash = sha1(md5($filename . time()) . mt_rand());

	// Are we using multiple directories?
	if (is_array($modSettings['attachmentUploadDir']))
		$path = $modSettings['attachmentUploadDir'][$dir];

	else
		$path = $modSettings['attachmentUploadDir'];

	return $path . '/' . $attachment_id . '_' . $file_hash . '.dat';
}

/**
 * Convert a single IP to a ranged IP.
 * internal function used to convert a user-readable format to a format suitable for the database.
 *
 * @param string $fullip The full IP
 * @return array An array of IP parts
 */
function ip2range($fullip)
{
	// Pretend that 'unknown' is 255.255.255.255. (since that can't be an IP anyway.)
	if ($fullip == 'unknown')
		$fullip = '255.255.255.255';

	$ip_parts = explode('-', $fullip);
	$ip_array = array();

	// if ip 22.12.31.21
	if (count($ip_parts) == 1 && isValidIP($fullip))
	{
		$ip_array['low'] = $fullip;
		$ip_array['high'] = $fullip;
		return $ip_array;
	} // if ip 22.12.* -> 22.12.* - 22.12.*
	elseif (count($ip_parts) == 1)
	{
		$ip_parts[0] = $fullip;
		$ip_parts[1] = $fullip;
	}

	// if ip 22.12.31.21-12.21.31.21
	if (count($ip_parts) == 2 && isValidIP($ip_parts[0]) && isValidIP($ip_parts[1]))
	{
		$ip_array['low'] = $ip_parts[0];
		$ip_array['high'] = $ip_parts[1];
		return $ip_array;
	}
	elseif (count($ip_parts) == 2) // if ip 22.22.*-22.22.*
	{
		$valid_low = isValidIP($ip_parts[0]);
		$valid_high = isValidIP($ip_parts[1]);
		$count = 0;
		$mode = (preg_match('/:/', $ip_parts[0]) > 0 ? ':' : '.');
		$max = ($mode == ':' ? 'ffff' : '255');
		$min = 0;
		if (!$valid_low)
		{
			$ip_parts[0] = preg_replace('/\*/', '0', $ip_parts[0]);
			$valid_low = isValidIP($ip_parts[0]);
			while (!$valid_low)
			{
				$ip_parts[0] .= $mode . $min;
				$valid_low = isValidIP($ip_parts[0]);
				$count++;
				if ($count > 9) break;
			}
		}

		$count = 0;
		if (!$valid_high)
		{
			$ip_parts[1] = preg_replace('/\*/', $max, $ip_parts[1]);
			$valid_high = isValidIP($ip_parts[1]);
			while (!$valid_high)
			{
				$ip_parts[1] .= $mode . $max;
				$valid_high = isValidIP($ip_parts[1]);
				$count++;
				if ($count > 9) break;
			}
		}

		if ($valid_high && $valid_low)
		{
			$ip_array['low'] = $ip_parts[0];
			$ip_array['high'] = $ip_parts[1];
		}
	}

	return $ip_array;
}

/**
 * Lookup an IP; try shell_exec first because we can do a timeout on it.
 *
 * @param string $ip The IP to get the hostname from
 * @return string The hostname
 */
function host_from_ip($ip)
{
	global $modSettings;

	if (($host = cache_get_data('hostlookup-' . $ip, 600)) !== null)
		return $host;
	$t = microtime(true);

	// Try the Linux host command, perhaps?
	if (!isset($host) && (strpos(strtolower(PHP_OS), 'win') === false || strpos(strtolower(PHP_OS), 'darwin') !== false) && mt_rand(0, 1) == 1)
	{
		if (!isset($modSettings['host_to_dis']))
			$test = @shell_exec('host -W 1 ' . @escapeshellarg($ip));
		else
			$test = @shell_exec('host ' . @escapeshellarg($ip));

		// Did host say it didn't find anything?
		if (strpos($test, 'not found') !== false)
			$host = '';
		// Invalid server option?
		elseif ((strpos($test, 'invalid option') || strpos($test, 'Invalid query name 1')) && !isset($modSettings['host_to_dis']))
			updateSettings(array('host_to_dis' => 1));
		// Maybe it found something, after all?
		elseif (preg_match('~\s([^\s]+?)\.\s~', $test, $match) == 1)
			$host = $match[1];
	}

	// This is nslookup; usually only Windows, but possibly some Unix?
	if (!isset($host) && stripos(PHP_OS, 'win') !== false && strpos(strtolower(PHP_OS), 'darwin') === false && mt_rand(0, 1) == 1)
	{
		$test = @shell_exec('nslookup -timeout=1 ' . @escapeshellarg($ip));
		if (strpos($test, 'Non-existent domain') !== false)
			$host = '';
		elseif (preg_match('~Name:\s+([^\s]+)~', $test, $match) == 1)
			$host = $match[1];
	}

	// This is the last try :/.
	if (!isset($host) || $host === false)
		$host = @gethostbyaddr($ip);

	// It took a long time, so let's cache it!
	if (microtime(true) - $t > 0.5)
		cache_put_data('hostlookup-' . $ip, $host, 600);

	return $host;
}

/**
 * Chops a string into words and prepares them to be inserted into (or searched from) the database.
 *
 * @param string $text The text to split into words
 * @param int $max_chars The maximum number of characters per word
 * @param bool $encrypt Whether to encrypt the results
 * @return array An array of ints or words depending on $encrypt
 */
function text2words($text, $max_chars = 20, $encrypt = false)
{
	global $smcFunc, $context;

	// Upgrader may be working on old DBs...
	if (!isset($context['utf8']))
		$context['utf8'] = false;

	// Step 1: Remove entities/things we don't consider words:
	$words = preg_replace('~(?:[\x0B\0' . ($context['utf8'] ? '\x{A0}' : '\xA0') . '\t\r\s\n(){}\\[\\]<>!@$%^*.,:+=`\~\?/\\\\]+|&(?:amp|lt|gt|quot);)+~' . ($context['utf8'] ? 'u' : ''), ' ', strtr($text, array('<br>' => ' ')));

	// Step 2: Entities we left to letters, where applicable, lowercase.
	$words = un_htmlspecialchars($smcFunc['strtolower']($words));

	// Step 3: Ready to split apart and index!
	$words = explode(' ', $words);

	if ($encrypt)
	{
		$possible_chars = array_flip(array_merge(range(46, 57), range(65, 90), range(97, 122)));
		$returned_ints = array();
		foreach ($words as $word)
		{
			if (($word = trim($word, '-_\'')) !== '')
			{
				$encrypted = substr(crypt($word, 'uk'), 2, $max_chars);
				$total = 0;
				for ($i = 0; $i < $max_chars; $i++)
					$total += $possible_chars[ord($encrypted[$i])] * pow(63, $i);
				$returned_ints[] = $max_chars == 4 ? min($total, 16777215) : $total;
			}
		}
		return array_unique($returned_ints);
	}
	else
	{
		// Trim characters before and after and add slashes for database insertion.
		$returned_words = array();
		foreach ($words as $word)
			if (($word = trim($word, '-_\'')) !== '')
				$returned_words[] = $max_chars === null ? $word : substr($word, 0, $max_chars);

		// Filter out all words that occur more than once.
		return array_unique($returned_words);
	}
}

/**
 * Creates an image/text button
 *
 * @deprecated since 2.1
 * @param string $name The name of the button (should be a main_icons class or the name of an image)
 * @param string $alt The alt text
 * @param string $label The $txt string to use as the label
 * @param string $custom Custom text/html to add to the img tag (only when using an actual image)
 * @param boolean $force_use Whether to force use of this when template_create_button is available
 * @return string The HTML to display the button
 */
function create_button($name, $alt, $label = '', $custom = '', $force_use = false)
{
	global $settings, $txt;

	// Does the current loaded theme have this and we are not forcing the usage of this function?
	if (function_exists('template_create_button') && !$force_use)
		return template_create_button($name, $alt, $label = '', $custom = '');

	if (!$settings['use_image_buttons'])
		return $txt[$alt];
	elseif (!empty($settings['use_buttons']))
		return '<span class="main_icons ' . $name . '" alt="' . $txt[$alt] . '"></span>' . ($label != '' ? '&nbsp;<strong>' . $txt[$label] . '</strong>' : '');
	else
		return '<img src="' . $settings['lang_images_url'] . '/' . $name . '" alt="' . $txt[$alt] . '" ' . $custom . '>';
}

/**
 * Sets up all of the top menu buttons
 * Saves them in the cache if it is available and on
 * Places the results in $context
 */
function setupMenuContext()
{
	global $context, $modSettings, $user_info, $txt, $scripturl, $sourcedir, $settings, $smcFunc, $cache_enable;

	// Set up the menu privileges.
	$context['allow_search'] = !empty($modSettings['allow_guestAccess']) ? allowedTo('search_posts') : (!$user_info['is_guest'] && allowedTo('search_posts'));
	$context['allow_admin'] = allowedTo(array('admin_forum', 'manage_boards', 'manage_permissions', 'moderate_forum', 'manage_membergroups', 'manage_bans', 'send_mail', 'edit_news', 'manage_attachments', 'manage_smileys'));

	$context['allow_memberlist'] = allowedTo('view_mlist');
	$context['allow_calendar'] = allowedTo('calendar_view') && !empty($modSettings['cal_enabled']);
	$context['allow_moderation_center'] = $context['user']['can_mod'];
	$context['allow_pm'] = allowedTo('pm_read');

	$cacheTime = $modSettings['lastActive'] * 60;

	// Initial "can you post an event in the calendar" option - but this might have been set in the calendar already.
	if (!isset($context['allow_calendar_event']))
	{
		$context['allow_calendar_event'] = $context['allow_calendar'] && allowedTo('calendar_post');

		// If you don't allow events not linked to posts and you're not an admin, we have more work to do...
		if ($context['allow_calendar'] && $context['allow_calendar_event'] && empty($modSettings['cal_allow_unlinked']) && !$user_info['is_admin'])
		{
			$boards_can_post = boardsAllowedTo('post_new');
			$context['allow_calendar_event'] &= !empty($boards_can_post);
		}
	}

	// There is some menu stuff we need to do if we're coming at this from a non-guest perspective.
	if (!$context['user']['is_guest'])
	{
		addInlineJavaScript('
	var user_menus = new smc_PopupMenu();
	user_menus.add("profile", "' . $scripturl . '?action=profile;area=popup");
	user_menus.add("alerts", "' . $scripturl . '?action=profile;area=alerts_popup;u=' . $context['user']['id'] . '");', true);
		if ($context['allow_pm'])
			addInlineJavaScript('
	user_menus.add("pm", "' . $scripturl . '?action=pm;sa=popup");', true);

		if (!empty($modSettings['enable_ajax_alerts']))
		{
			require_once($sourcedir . '/Subs-Notify.php');

			$timeout = getNotifyPrefs($context['user']['id'], 'alert_timeout', true);
			$timeout = empty($timeout) ? 10000 : $timeout[$context['user']['id']]['alert_timeout'] * 1000;

			addInlineJavaScript('
	var new_alert_title = "' . $context['forum_name'] . '";
	var alert_timeout = ' . $timeout . ';');
			loadJavaScriptFile('alerts.js', array('minimize' => true), 'smf_alerts');
		}
	}

	// All the buttons we can possible want and then some, try pulling the final list of buttons from cache first.
	if (($menu_buttons = cache_get_data('menu_buttons-' . implode('_', $user_info['groups']) . '-' . $user_info['language'], $cacheTime)) === null || time() - $cacheTime <= $modSettings['settings_updated'])
	{
		$buttons = array(
			'home' => array(
				'title' => $txt['home'],
				'href' => $scripturl,
				'show' => true,
				'sub_buttons' => array(
				),
				'is_last' => $context['right_to_left'],
			),
			'search' => array(
				'title' => $txt['search'],
				'href' => $scripturl . '?action=search',
				'show' => $context['allow_search'],
				'sub_buttons' => array(
				),
			),
			'admin' => array(
				'title' => $txt['admin'],
				'href' => $scripturl . '?action=admin',
				'show' => $context['allow_admin'],
				'sub_buttons' => array(
					'featuresettings' => array(
						'title' => $txt['modSettings_title'],
						'href' => $scripturl . '?action=admin;area=featuresettings',
						'show' => allowedTo('admin_forum'),
					),
					'packages' => array(
						'title' => $txt['package'],
						'href' => $scripturl . '?action=admin;area=packages',
						'show' => allowedTo('admin_forum'),
					),
					'errorlog' => array(
						'title' => $txt['errorlog'],
						'href' => $scripturl . '?action=admin;area=logs;sa=errorlog;desc',
						'show' => allowedTo('admin_forum') && !empty($modSettings['enableErrorLogging']),
					),
					'permissions' => array(
						'title' => $txt['edit_permissions'],
						'href' => $scripturl . '?action=admin;area=permissions',
						'show' => allowedTo('manage_permissions'),
					),
					'memberapprove' => array(
						'title' => $txt['approve_members_waiting'],
						'href' => $scripturl . '?action=admin;area=viewmembers;sa=browse;type=approve',
						'show' => !empty($context['unapproved_members']),
						'is_last' => true,
					),
				),
			),
			'moderate' => array(
				'title' => $txt['moderate'],
				'href' => $scripturl . '?action=moderate',
				'show' => $context['allow_moderation_center'],
				'sub_buttons' => array(
					'modlog' => array(
						'title' => $txt['modlog_view'],
						'href' => $scripturl . '?action=moderate;area=modlog',
						'show' => !empty($modSettings['modlog_enabled']) && !empty($user_info['mod_cache']) && $user_info['mod_cache']['bq'] != '0=1',
					),
					'poststopics' => array(
						'title' => $txt['mc_unapproved_poststopics'],
						'href' => $scripturl . '?action=moderate;area=postmod;sa=posts',
						'show' => $modSettings['postmod_active'] && !empty($user_info['mod_cache']['ap']),
					),
					'attachments' => array(
						'title' => $txt['mc_unapproved_attachments'],
						'href' => $scripturl . '?action=moderate;area=attachmod;sa=attachments',
						'show' => $modSettings['postmod_active'] && !empty($user_info['mod_cache']['ap']),
					),
					'reports' => array(
						'title' => $txt['mc_reported_posts'],
						'href' => $scripturl . '?action=moderate;area=reportedposts',
						'show' => !empty($user_info['mod_cache']) && $user_info['mod_cache']['bq'] != '0=1',
					),
					'reported_members' => array(
						'title' => $txt['mc_reported_members'],
						'href' => $scripturl . '?action=moderate;area=reportedmembers',
						'show' => allowedTo('moderate_forum'),
						'is_last' => true,
					)
				),
			),
			'calendar' => array(
				'title' => $txt['calendar'],
				'href' => $scripturl . '?action=calendar',
				'show' => $context['allow_calendar'],
				'sub_buttons' => array(
					'view' => array(
						'title' => $txt['calendar_menu'],
						'href' => $scripturl . '?action=calendar',
						'show' => $context['allow_calendar_event'],
					),
					'post' => array(
						'title' => $txt['calendar_post_event'],
						'href' => $scripturl . '?action=calendar;sa=post',
						'show' => $context['allow_calendar_event'],
						'is_last' => true,
					),
				),
			),
			'mlist' => array(
				'title' => $txt['members_title'],
				'href' => $scripturl . '?action=mlist',
				'show' => $context['allow_memberlist'],
				'sub_buttons' => array(
					'mlist_view' => array(
						'title' => $txt['mlist_menu_view'],
						'href' => $scripturl . '?action=mlist',
						'show' => true,
					),
					'mlist_search' => array(
						'title' => $txt['mlist_search'],
						'href' => $scripturl . '?action=mlist;sa=search',
						'show' => true,
						'is_last' => true,
					),
				),
				'is_last' => !$context['right_to_left'] && (!$user_info['is_guest'] || !$context['can_register']),
			),
			'signup' => array(
				'title' => $txt['register'],
				'href' => $scripturl . '?action=signup',
				'show' => $user_info['is_guest'] && $context['can_register'],
				'sub_buttons' => array(
				),
				'is_last' => !$context['right_to_left'],
			),
		);

		// Allow editing menu buttons easily.
		call_integration_hook('integrate_menu_buttons', array(&$buttons));

		// Now we put the buttons in the context so the theme can use them.
		$menu_buttons = array();
		foreach ($buttons as $act => $button)
			if (!empty($button['show']))
			{
				$button['active_button'] = false;

				// This button needs some action.
				if (isset($button['action_hook']))
					$needs_action_hook = true;

				// Make sure the last button truly is the last button.
				if (!empty($button['is_last']))
				{
					if (isset($last_button))
						unset($menu_buttons[$last_button]['is_last']);
					$last_button = $act;
				}

				// Go through the sub buttons if there are any.
				if (!empty($button['sub_buttons']))
					foreach ($button['sub_buttons'] as $key => $subbutton)
					{
						if (empty($subbutton['show']))
							unset($button['sub_buttons'][$key]);

						// 2nd level sub buttons next...
						if (!empty($subbutton['sub_buttons']))
						{
							foreach ($subbutton['sub_buttons'] as $key2 => $sub_button2)
							{
								if (empty($sub_button2['show']))
									unset($button['sub_buttons'][$key]['sub_buttons'][$key2]);
							}
						}
					}

				// Does this button have its own icon?
				if (isset($button['icon']) && file_exists($settings['theme_dir'] . '/images/' . $button['icon']))
					$button['icon'] = '<img src="' . $settings['images_url'] . '/' . $button['icon'] . '" alt="">';
				elseif (isset($button['icon']) && file_exists($settings['default_theme_dir'] . '/images/' . $button['icon']))
					$button['icon'] = '<img src="' . $settings['default_images_url'] . '/' . $button['icon'] . '" alt="">';
				elseif (isset($button['icon']))
					$button['icon'] = '<span class="main_icons ' . $button['icon'] . '"></span>';
				else
					$button['icon'] = '<span class="main_icons ' . $act . '"></span>';

				$menu_buttons[$act] = $button;
			}

		if (!empty($cache_enable) && $cache_enable >= 2)
			cache_put_data('menu_buttons-' . implode('_', $user_info['groups']) . '-' . $user_info['language'], $menu_buttons, $cacheTime);
	}

	$context['menu_buttons'] = $menu_buttons;

	// Logging out requires the session id in the url.
	if (isset($context['menu_buttons']['logout']))
		$context['menu_buttons']['logout']['href'] = sprintf($context['menu_buttons']['logout']['href'], $context['session_var'], $context['session_id']);

	// Figure out which action we are doing so we can set the active tab.
	// Default to home.
	$current_action = 'home';

	if (isset($context['menu_buttons'][$context['current_action']]))
		$current_action = $context['current_action'];
	elseif ($context['current_action'] == 'search2')
		$current_action = 'search';
	elseif ($context['current_action'] == 'theme')
		$current_action = isset($_REQUEST['sa']) && $_REQUEST['sa'] == 'pick' ? 'profile' : 'admin';
	elseif ($context['current_action'] == 'register2')
		$current_action = 'register';
	elseif ($context['current_action'] == 'login2' || ($user_info['is_guest'] && $context['current_action'] == 'reminder'))
		$current_action = 'login';
	elseif ($context['current_action'] == 'groups' && $context['allow_moderation_center'])
		$current_action = 'moderate';

	// There are certain exceptions to the above where we don't want anything on the menu highlighted.
	if ($context['current_action'] == 'profile' && !empty($context['user']['is_owner']))
	{
		$current_action = !empty($_GET['area']) && $_GET['area'] == 'showalerts' ? 'self_alerts' : 'self_profile';
		$context[$current_action] = true;
	}
	elseif ($context['current_action'] == 'pm')
	{
		$current_action = 'self_pm';
		$context['self_pm'] = true;
	}

	$context['total_mod_reports'] = 0;
	$context['total_admin_reports'] = 0;

	if (!empty($user_info['mod_cache']) && $user_info['mod_cache']['bq'] != '0=1' && !empty($context['open_mod_reports']) && !empty($context['menu_buttons']['moderate']['sub_buttons']['reports']))
	{
		$context['total_mod_reports'] = $context['open_mod_reports'];
		$context['menu_buttons']['moderate']['sub_buttons']['reports']['amt'] = $context['open_mod_reports'];
	}

	// Show how many errors there are
	if (!empty($context['menu_buttons']['admin']['sub_buttons']['errorlog']))
	{
		// Get an error count, if necessary
		if (!isset($context['num_errors']))
		{
			$query = $smcFunc['db_query']('', '
				SELECT COUNT(*)
				FROM {db_prefix}log_errors',
				array()
			);

			list($context['num_errors']) = $smcFunc['db_fetch_row']($query);
			$smcFunc['db_free_result']($query);
		}

		if (!empty($context['num_errors']))
		{
			$context['total_admin_reports'] += $context['num_errors'];
			$context['menu_buttons']['admin']['sub_buttons']['errorlog']['amt'] = $context['num_errors'];
		}
	}

	// Show number of reported members
	if (!empty($context['open_member_reports']) && !empty($context['menu_buttons']['moderate']['sub_buttons']['reported_members']))
	{
		$context['total_mod_reports'] += $context['open_member_reports'];
		$context['menu_buttons']['moderate']['sub_buttons']['reported_members']['amt'] = $context['open_member_reports'];
	}

	if (!empty($context['unapproved_members']) && !empty($context['menu_buttons']['admin']))
	{
		$context['menu_buttons']['admin']['sub_buttons']['memberapprove']['amt'] = $context['unapproved_members'];
		$context['total_admin_reports'] += $context['unapproved_members'];
	}

	if ($context['total_admin_reports'] > 0 && !empty($context['menu_buttons']['admin']))
	{
		$context['menu_buttons']['admin']['amt'] = $context['total_admin_reports'];
	}

	// Do we have any open reports?
	if ($context['total_mod_reports'] > 0 && !empty($context['menu_buttons']['moderate']))
	{
		$context['menu_buttons']['moderate']['amt'] = $context['total_mod_reports'];
	}

	// Not all actions are simple.
	if (!empty($needs_action_hook))
		call_integration_hook('integrate_current_action', array(&$current_action));

	if (isset($context['menu_buttons'][$current_action]))
		$context['menu_buttons'][$current_action]['active_button'] = true;
}

/**
 * Generate a random seed and ensure it's stored in settings.
 */
function smf_seed_generator()
{
	updateSettings(array('rand_seed' => microtime(true)));
}

/**
 * Process functions of an integration hook.
 * calls all functions of the given hook.
 * supports static class method calls.
 *
 * @param string $hook The hook name
 * @param array $parameters An array of parameters this hook implements
 * @return array The results of the functions
 */
function call_integration_hook($hook, $parameters = array())
{
	global $modSettings, $settings, $boarddir, $sourcedir, $db_show_debug;
	global $context, $txt;

	if ($db_show_debug === true)
		$context['debug']['hooks'][] = $hook;

	// Need to have some control.
	if (!isset($context['instances']))
		$context['instances'] = array();

	$results = array();
	if (empty($modSettings[$hook]))
		return $results;

	$functions = explode(',', $modSettings[$hook]);
	// Loop through each function.
	foreach ($functions as $function)
	{
		// Hook has been marked as "disabled". Skip it!
		if (strpos($function, '!') !== false)
			continue;

		$call = call_helper($function, true);

		// Is it valid?
		if (!empty($call))
			$results[$function] = call_user_func_array($call, $parameters);
			$results[$function] = call_user_func_array(/** @scrutinizer ignore-type */ $call, $parameters);
		// This failed, but we want to do so silently.
		elseif (!empty($function) && !empty($context['ignore_hook_errors']))
			return $results;
		// Whatever it was suppose to call, it failed :(
		elseif (!empty($function))
		{
			loadLanguage('Errors');

			// Get a full path to show on error.
			if (strpos($function, '|') !== false)
			{
				list ($file, $string) = explode('|', $function);
				$absPath = empty($settings['theme_dir']) ? (strtr(trim($file), array('$boarddir' => $boarddir, '$sourcedir' => $sourcedir))) : (strtr(trim($file), array('$boarddir' => $boarddir, '$sourcedir' => $sourcedir, '$themedir' => $settings['theme_dir'])));
				log_error(sprintf($txt['hook_fail_call_to'], $string, $absPath), 'general');
			}
			// "Assume" the file resides on $boarddir somewhere...
			else
				log_error(sprintf($txt['hook_fail_call_to'], $function, $boarddir), 'general');
		}
	}

	return $results;
}

/**
 * Add a function for integration hook.
 * does nothing if the function is already added.
 *
 * @param string $hook The complete hook name.
 * @param string $function The function name. Can be a call to a method via Class::method.
 * @param bool $permanent If true, updates the value in settings table.
 * @param string $file The file. Must include one of the following wildcards: $boarddir, $sourcedir, $themedir, example: $sourcedir/Test.php
 * @param bool $object Indicates if your class will be instantiated when its respective hook is called. If true, your function must be a method.
 */
function add_integration_function($hook, $function, $permanent = true, $file = '', $object = false)
{
	global $smcFunc, $modSettings;

	// Any objects?
	if ($object)
		$function = $function . '#';

	// Any files  to load?
	if (!empty($file) && is_string($file))
		$function = $file . (!empty($function) ? '|' . $function : '');

	// Get the correct string.
	$integration_call = $function;

	// Is it going to be permanent?
	if ($permanent)
	{
		$request = $smcFunc['db_query']('', '
			SELECT value
			FROM {db_prefix}settings
			WHERE variable = {string:variable}',
			array(
				'variable' => $hook,
			)
		);
		list ($current_functions) = $smcFunc['db_fetch_row']($request);
		$smcFunc['db_free_result']($request);

		if (!empty($current_functions))
		{
			$current_functions = explode(',', $current_functions);
			if (in_array($integration_call, $current_functions))
				return;

			$permanent_functions = array_merge($current_functions, array($integration_call));
		}
		else
			$permanent_functions = array($integration_call);

		updateSettings(array($hook => implode(',', $permanent_functions)));
	}

	// Make current function list usable.
	$functions = empty($modSettings[$hook]) ? array() : explode(',', $modSettings[$hook]);

	// Do nothing, if it's already there.
	if (in_array($integration_call, $functions))
		return;

	$functions[] = $integration_call;
	$modSettings[$hook] = implode(',', $functions);
}

/**
 * Remove an integration hook function.
 * Removes the given function from the given hook.
 * Does nothing if the function is not available.
 *
 * @param string $hook The complete hook name.
 * @param string $function The function name. Can be a call to a method via Class::method.
 * @param boolean $permanent Irrelevant for the function itself but need to declare it to match
 * @param string $file The filename. Must include one of the following wildcards: $boarddir, $sourcedir, $themedir, example: $sourcedir/Test.php
 * @param boolean $object Indicates if your class will be instantiated when its respective hook is called. If true, your function must be a method.
 * @see add_integration_function
 */
function remove_integration_function($hook, $function, $permanent = true, $file = '', $object = false)
{
	global $smcFunc, $modSettings;

	// Any objects?
	if ($object)
		$function = $function . '#';

	// Any files  to load?
	if (!empty($file) && is_string($file))
		$function = $file . '|' . $function;

	// Get the correct string.
	$integration_call = $function;

	// Get the permanent functions.
	$request = $smcFunc['db_query']('', '
		SELECT value
		FROM {db_prefix}settings
		WHERE variable = {string:variable}',
		array(
			'variable' => $hook,
		)
	);
	list ($current_functions) = $smcFunc['db_fetch_row']($request);
	$smcFunc['db_free_result']($request);

	if (!empty($current_functions))
	{
		$current_functions = explode(',', $current_functions);

		if (in_array($integration_call, $current_functions))
			updateSettings(array($hook => implode(',', array_diff($current_functions, array($integration_call)))));
	}

	// Turn the function list into something usable.
	$functions = empty($modSettings[$hook]) ? array() : explode(',', $modSettings[$hook]);

	// You can only remove it if it's available.
	if (!in_array($integration_call, $functions))
		return;

	$functions = array_diff($functions, array($integration_call));
	$modSettings[$hook] = implode(',', $functions);
}

/**
 * Receives a string and tries to figure it out if its a method or a function.
 * If a method is found, it looks for a "#" which indicates SMF should create a new instance of the given class.
 * Checks the string/array for is_callable() and return false/fatal_lang_error is the given value results in a non callable string/array.
 * Prepare and returns a callable depending on the type of method/function found.
 *
 * @param mixed $string The string containing a function name or a static call. The function can also accept a closure, object or a callable array (object/class, valid_callable)
 * @param boolean $return If true, the function will not call the function/method but instead will return the formatted string.
 * @return string|array|boolean Either a string or an array that contains a callable function name or an array with a class and method to call. Boolean false if the given string cannot produce a callable var.
 */
function call_helper($string, $return = false)
{
	global $context, $smcFunc, $txt, $db_show_debug;

	// Really?
	if (empty($string))
		return false;

	// An array? should be a "callable" array IE array(object/class, valid_callable).
	// A closure? should be a callable one.
	if (is_array($string) || $string instanceof Closure)
		return $return ? $string : (is_callable($string) ? call_user_func($string) : false);

	// No full objects, sorry! pass a method or a property instead!
	if (is_object($string))
		return false;

	// Stay vitaminized my friends...
	$string = $smcFunc['htmlspecialchars']($smcFunc['htmltrim']($string));

	// Is there a file to load?
	$string = load_file($string);

	// Loaded file failed
	if (empty($string))
		return false;

	// Found a method.
	if (strpos($string, '::') !== false)
	{
		list ($class, $method) = explode('::', $string);

		// Check if a new object will be created.
		if (strpos($method, '#') !== false)
		{
			// Need to remove the # thing.
			$method = str_replace('#', '', $method);

			// Don't need to create a new instance for every method.
			if (empty($context['instances'][$class]) || !($context['instances'][$class] instanceof $class))
			{
				$context['instances'][$class] = new $class;

				// Add another one to the list.
				if ($db_show_debug === true)
				{
					if (!isset($context['debug']['instances']))
						$context['debug']['instances'] = array();

					$context['debug']['instances'][$class] = $class;
				}
			}

			$func = array($context['instances'][$class], $method);
		}

		// Right then. This is a call to a static method.
		else
			$func = array($class, $method);
	}

	// Nope! just a plain regular function.
	else
		$func = $string;

	// We can't call this helper, but we want to silently ignore this.
	if (!is_callable($func, false, $callable_name) && !empty($context['ignore_hook_errors']))
		return false;
	// Right, we got what we need, time to do some checks.
	elseif (!is_callable($func, false, $callable_name))
	{
		loadLanguage('Errors');
		log_error(sprintf($txt['sub_action_fail'], $callable_name), 'general');

		// Gotta tell everybody.
		return false;
	}

	// Everything went better than expected.
	else
	{
		// What are we gonna do about it?
		if ($return)
			return $func;

		// If this is a plain function, avoid the heat of calling call_user_func().
		else
		{
			if (is_array($func))
				call_user_func($func);

			else
				$func();
		}
	}
}

/**
 * Receives a string and tries to figure it out if it contains info to load a file.
 * Checks for a | (pipe) symbol and tries to load a file with the info given.
 * The string should be format as follows File.php|. You can use the following wildcards: $boarddir, $sourcedir and if available at the moment of execution, $themedir.
 *
 * @param string $string The string containing a valid format.
 * @return string|boolean The given string with the pipe and file info removed. Boolean false if the file couldn't be loaded.
 */
function load_file($string)
{
	global $sourcedir, $txt, $boarddir, $settings, $context;

	if (empty($string))
		return false;

	if (strpos($string, '|') !== false)
	{
		list ($file, $string) = explode('|', $string);

		// Match the wildcards to their regular vars.
		if (empty($settings['theme_dir']))
			$absPath = strtr(trim($file), array('$boarddir' => $boarddir, '$sourcedir' => $sourcedir));

		else
			$absPath = strtr(trim($file), array('$boarddir' => $boarddir, '$sourcedir' => $sourcedir, '$themedir' => $settings['theme_dir']));

		// Load the file if it can be loaded.
		if (file_exists($absPath))
			require_once($absPath);

		// No? try a fallback to $sourcedir
		else
		{
			$absPath = $sourcedir . '/' . $file;

			if (file_exists($absPath))
				require_once($absPath);

			// Sorry, can't do much for you at this point.
			elseif (empty($context['uninstalling']))
			{
				loadLanguage('Errors');
				log_error(sprintf($txt['hook_fail_loading_file'], $absPath), 'general');

				// File couldn't be loaded.
				return false;
			}
		}
	}

	return $string;
}

/**
 * Get the contents of a URL, irrespective of allow_url_fopen.
 *
 * - reads the contents of an http or ftp address and returns the page in a string
 * - will accept up to 3 page redirections (redirectio_level in the function call is private)
 * - if post_data is supplied, the value and length is posted to the given url as form data
 * - URL must be supplied in lowercase
 *
 * @param string $url The URL
 * @param string $post_data The data to post to the given URL
 * @param bool $keep_alive Whether to send keepalive info
 * @param int $redirection_level How many levels of redirection
 * @return string|false The fetched data or false on failure
 */
function fetch_web_data($url, $post_data = '', $keep_alive = false, $redirection_level = 0)
{
	global $webmaster_email, $sourcedir;
	static $keep_alive_dom = null, $keep_alive_fp = null;

	preg_match('~^(http|ftp)(s)?://([^/:]+)(:(\d+))?(.+)$~', $url, $match);

	// No scheme? No data for you!
	if (empty($match[1]))
		return false;

	// An FTP url. We should try connecting and RETRieving it...
	elseif ($match[1] == 'ftp')
	{
		// Include the file containing the ftp_connection class.
		require_once($sourcedir . '/Class-Package.php');

		// Establish a connection and attempt to enable passive mode.
		$ftp = new ftp_connection(($match[2] ? 'ssl://' : '') . $match[3], empty($match[5]) ? 21 : $match[5], 'anonymous', $webmaster_email);
		if ($ftp->error !== false || !$ftp->passive())

			return false;

		// I want that one *points*!
		fwrite($ftp->connection, 'RETR ' . $match[6] . "\r\n");

		// Since passive mode worked (or we would have returned already!) open the connection.
		$fp = @fsockopen($ftp->pasv['ip'], $ftp->pasv['port'], $err, $err, 5);

		if (!$fp)
			return false;

		// The server should now say something in acknowledgement.
		$ftp->check_response(150);

		$data = '';
		while (!feof($fp))
			$data .= fread($fp, 4096);
		fclose($fp);

		// All done, right?  Good.
		$ftp->check_response(226);
		$ftp->close();
	}

	// This is more likely; a standard HTTP URL.
	elseif (isset($match[1]) && $match[1] == 'http')
	{
		// First try to use fsockopen, because it is fastest.
		if ($keep_alive && $match[3] == $keep_alive_dom)
			$fp = $keep_alive_fp;
		if (empty($fp))
		{
			// Open the socket on the port we want...
			$fp = @fsockopen(($match[2] ? 'ssl://' : '') . $match[3], empty($match[5]) ? ($match[2] ? 443 : 80) : $match[5], $err, $err, 5);
		}
		if (!empty($fp))
		{
			if ($keep_alive)
			{
				$keep_alive_dom = $match[3];
				$keep_alive_fp = $fp;
			}

			// I want this, from there, and I'm not going to be bothering you for more (probably.)
			if (empty($post_data))
			{
				fwrite($fp, 'GET ' . ($match[6] !== '/' ? str_replace(' ', '%20', $match[6]) : '') . ' HTTP/1.0' . "\r\n");
				fwrite($fp, 'Host: ' . $match[3] . (empty($match[5]) ? ($match[2] ? ':443' : '') : ':' . $match[5]) . "\r\n");
				fwrite($fp, 'user-agent: '. SMF_USER_AGENT . "\r\n");
				if ($keep_alive)
					fwrite($fp, 'connection: Keep-Alive' . "\r\n\r\n");
				else
					fwrite($fp, 'connection: close' . "\r\n\r\n");
			}
			else
			{
				fwrite($fp, 'POST ' . ($match[6] !== '/' ? $match[6] : '') . ' HTTP/1.0' . "\r\n");
				fwrite($fp, 'Host: ' . $match[3] . (empty($match[5]) ? ($match[2] ? ':443' : '') : ':' . $match[5]) . "\r\n");
				fwrite($fp, 'user-agent: '. SMF_USER_AGENT . "\r\n");
				if ($keep_alive)
					fwrite($fp, 'connection: Keep-Alive' . "\r\n");
				else
					fwrite($fp, 'connection: close' . "\r\n");
				fwrite($fp, 'content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded' . "\r\n");
				fwrite($fp, 'content-length: ' . strlen($post_data) . "\r\n\r\n");
				fwrite($fp, $post_data);
			}

			$response = fgets($fp, 768);

			// Redirect in case this location is permanently or temporarily moved.
			if ($redirection_level < 3 && preg_match('~^HTTP/\S+\s+30[127]~i', $response) === 1)
			{
				$header = '';

				$location = '';
				while (!feof($fp) && trim($header = fgets($fp, 4096)) != '')
					if (stripos($header, 'location:') !== false)
						$location = trim(substr($header, strpos($header, ':') + 1));

				if (empty($location))
					return false;
				else
				{
					if (!$keep_alive)
						fclose($fp);
					return fetch_web_data($location, $post_data, $keep_alive, $redirection_level + 1);
				}
			}

			// Make sure we get a 200 OK.
			elseif (preg_match('~^HTTP/\S+\s+20[01]~i', $response) === 0)
				return false;

			// Skip the headers...
			while (!feof($fp) && trim($header = fgets($fp, 4096)) != '')
			{
				if (preg_match('~content-length:\s*(\d+)~i', $header, $match) != 0)
					$content_length = $match[1];
				elseif (preg_match('~connection:\s*close~i', $header) != 0)
				{
					$keep_alive_dom = null;
					$keep_alive = false;
				}

				continue;
			}

			$data = '';
			if (isset($content_length))
			{
				while (!feof($fp) && strlen($data) < $content_length)

					$data .= fread($fp, $content_length - strlen($data));
			}
			else
			{
				while (!feof($fp))
					$data .= fread($fp, 4096);
			}

			if (!$keep_alive)
				fclose($fp);
		}

		// If using fsockopen didn't work, try to use cURL if available.
		elseif (function_exists('curl_init'))
		{
			// Include the file containing the curl_fetch_web_data class.
			require_once($sourcedir . '/Class-CurlFetchWeb.php');

			$fetch_data = new curl_fetch_web_data();
			$fetch_data->get_url_data($url, $post_data);
			$fetch_data->get_url_data($url, /** @scrutinizer ignore-type */ $post_data);

			// no errors and a 200 result, then we have a good dataset, well we at least have data. ;)
			if ($fetch_data->result('code') == 200 && !$fetch_data->result('error'))
				$data = $fetch_data->result('body');
			else
				return false;
		}

		// Neither fsockopen nor curl are available. Well, phooey.
		else
			return false;
	}
	else
	{
		// Umm, this shouldn't happen?
		trigger_error('fetch_web_data(): Bad URL', E_USER_NOTICE);
		$data = false;
	}

	return $data;
}

/**
 * Attempts to determine the MIME type of some data or a file.
 *
 * @param string $data The data to check, or the path or URL of a file to check.
 * @param string $is_path If true, $data is a path or URL to a file.
 * @return string|bool A MIME type, or false if we cannot determine it.
 */
function get_mime_type($data, $is_path = false)
{
	global $cachedir;

	$finfo_loaded = extension_loaded('fileinfo');
	$exif_loaded = extension_loaded('exif') && function_exists('image_type_to_mime_type');

	// Oh well. We tried.
	if (!$finfo_loaded && !$exif_loaded)
		return false;

	// Start with the 'empty' MIME type.
	$mime_type = 'application/x-empty';

	if ($finfo_loaded)
	{
		// Just some nice, simple data to analyze.
		if (empty($is_path))
			$mime_type = finfo_buffer(finfo_open(FILEINFO_MIME_TYPE), $data);

		// A file, or maybe a URL?
		else
		{
			// Local file.
			if (file_exists($data))
				$mime_type = mime_content_type($data);

			// URL.
			elseif ($data = fetch_web_data($data))
				$mime_type = finfo_buffer(finfo_open(FILEINFO_MIME_TYPE), $data);
		}
	}
	// Workaround using Exif requires a local file.
	else
	{
		// If $data is a URL to fetch, do so.
		if (!empty($is_path) && !file_exists($data) && url_exists($data))
		{
			$data = fetch_web_data($data);
			$is_path = false;
		}

		// If we don't have a local file, create one and use it.
		if (empty($is_path))
		{
			$temp_file = tempnam($cachedir, md5($data));
			$temp_file = tempnam($cachedir, md5(/** @scrutinizer ignore-type */ $data));
			file_put_contents($temp_file, $data);
			$is_path = true;

			$data = $temp_file;
		}

		$imagetype = @exif_imagetype($data);
		$imagetype = @exif_imagetype(/** @scrutinizer ignore-type */ $data);

		if (isset($temp_file))
			unlink($temp_file);

		// Unfortunately, this workaround only works for image files.
		if ($imagetype !== false)
			$mime_type = image_type_to_mime_type($imagetype);
	}

	return $mime_type;
}

/**
 * Checks whether a file or data has the expected MIME type.
 *
 * @param string $data The data to check, or the path or URL of a file to check.
 * @param string $type_pattern A regex pattern to match the acceptable MIME types.
 * @param string $is_path If true, $data is a path or URL to a file.
 * @return int 1 if the detected MIME type matches the pattern, 0 if it doesn't, or 2 if we can't check.
 */
function check_mime_type($data, $type_pattern, $is_path = false)
{
	// Get the MIME type.
	$mime_type = get_mime_type($data, $is_path);
	$mime_type = get_mime_type($data, /** @scrutinizer ignore-type */ $is_path);

	// Couldn't determine it.
	if ($mime_type === false)
		return 2;

	// Check whether the MIME type matches expectations.
	return (int) @preg_match('~' . $type_pattern . '~', $mime_type);
}

/**
 * Prepares an array of "likes" info for the topic specified by $topic
 *
 * @param integer $topic The topic ID to fetch the info from.
 * @return array An array of IDs of messages in the specified topic that the current user likes
 */
function prepareLikesContext($topic)
{
	global $user_info, $smcFunc;

	// Make sure we have something to work with.
	if (empty($topic))
		return array();

	// We already know the number of likes per message, we just want to know whether the current user liked it or not.
	$user = $user_info['id'];
	$cache_key = 'likes_topic_' . $topic . '_' . $user;
	$ttl = 180;

	if (($temp = cache_get_data($cache_key, $ttl)) === null)
	{
		$temp = array();
		$request = $smcFunc['db_query']('', '
			SELECT content_id
			FROM {db_prefix}user_likes AS l
				INNER JOIN {db_prefix}messages AS m ON (l.content_id = m.id_msg)
			WHERE l.id_member = {int:current_user}
				AND l.content_type = {literal:msg}
				AND m.id_topic = {int:topic}',
			array(
				'current_user' => $user,
				'topic' => $topic,
			)
		);
		while ($row = $smcFunc['db_fetch_assoc']($request))
			$temp[] = (int) $row['content_id'];

		cache_put_data($cache_key, $temp, $ttl);
	}

	return $temp;
}

/**
 * Microsoft uses their own character set Code Page 1252 (CP1252), which is a
 * superset of ISO 8859-1, defining several characters between DEC 128 and 159
 * that are not normally displayable.  This converts the popular ones that
 * appear from a cut and paste from windows.
 *
 * @param string $string The string
 * @return string The sanitized string
 */
function sanitizeMSCutPaste($string)
{
	global $context;

	if (empty($string))
		return $string;

	// UTF-8 occurences of MS special characters
	$findchars_utf8 = array(
		"\xe2\x80\x9a",	// single low-9 quotation mark
		"\xe2\x80\x9e",	// double low-9 quotation mark
		"\xe2\x80\xa6",	// horizontal ellipsis
		"\xe2\x80\x98",	// left single curly quote
		"\xe2\x80\x99",	// right single curly quote
		"\xe2\x80\x9c",	// left double curly quote
		"\xe2\x80\x9d",	// right double curly quote
	);

	// windows 1252 / iso equivalents
	$findchars_iso = array(
		chr(130),
		chr(132),
		chr(133),
		chr(145),
		chr(146),
		chr(147),
		chr(148),
	);

	// safe replacements
	$replacechars = array(
		',',	// &sbquo;
		',,',	// &bdquo;
		'...',	// &hellip;
		"'",	// &lsquo;
		"'",	// &rsquo;
		'"',	// &ldquo;
		'"',	// &rdquo;
	);

	if ($context['utf8'])
		$string = str_replace($findchars_utf8, $replacechars, $string);
	else
		$string = str_replace($findchars_iso, $replacechars, $string);

	return $string;
}

/**
 * Decode numeric html entities to their ascii or UTF8 equivalent character.
 *
 * Callback function for preg_replace_callback in subs-members
 * Uses capture group 2 in the supplied array
 * Does basic scan to ensure characters are inside a valid range
 *
 * @param array $matches An array of matches (relevant info should be the 3rd item)
 * @return string A fixed string
 */
function replaceEntities__callback($matches)
{
	global $context;

	if (!isset($matches[2]))
		return '';

	$num = $matches[2][0] === 'x' ? hexdec(substr($matches[2], 1)) : (int) $matches[2];
	$num = $matches[2][0] === 'x' ? hexdec(substr(/** @scrutinizer ignore-type */ $matches[2], 1)) : (int) $matches[2];

	// remove left to right / right to left overrides
	if ($num === 0x202D || $num === 0x202E)
		return '';

	// Quote, Ampersand, Apostrophe, Less/Greater Than get html replaced
	if (in_array($num, array(0x22, 0x26, 0x27, 0x3C, 0x3E)))
		return '&#' . $num . ';';

	if (empty($context['utf8']))
	{
		// no control characters
		if ($num < 0x20)
			return '';
		// text is text
		elseif ($num < 0x80)
			return chr($num);
			return chr(/** @scrutinizer ignore-type */ $num);
		// all others get html-ised
		else
			return '&#' . $matches[2] . ';';
			return '&#' . /** @scrutinizer ignore-type */ $matches[2] . ';';
	}
	else
	{
		// <0x20 are control characters, 0x20 is a space, > 0x10FFFF is past the end of the utf8 character set
		// 0xD800 >= $num <= 0xDFFF are surrogate markers (not valid for utf8 text)
		if ($num < 0x20 || $num > 0x10FFFF || ($num >= 0xD800 && $num <= 0xDFFF))
			return '';
		// <0x80 (or less than 128) are standard ascii characters a-z A-Z 0-9 and punctuation
		elseif ($num < 0x80)
			return chr($num);
		// <0x800 (2048)
		elseif ($num < 0x800)
			return chr(($num >> 6) + 192) . chr(($num & 63) + 128);
		// < 0x10000 (65536)
		elseif ($num < 0x10000)
			return chr(($num >> 12) + 224) . chr((($num >> 6) & 63) + 128) . chr(($num & 63) + 128);
		// <= 0x10FFFF (1114111)
		else
			return chr(($num >> 18) + 240) . chr((($num >> 12) & 63) + 128) . chr((($num >> 6) & 63) + 128) . chr(($num & 63) + 128);
	}
}

/**
 * Converts html entities to utf8 equivalents
 *
 * Callback function for preg_replace_callback
 * Uses capture group 1 in the supplied array
 * Does basic checks to keep characters inside a viewable range.
 *
 * @param array $matches An array of matches (relevant info should be the 2nd item in the array)
 * @return string The fixed string
 */
function fixchar__callback($matches)
{
	if (!isset($matches[1]))
		return '';

	$num = $matches[1][0] === 'x' ? hexdec(substr($matches[1], 1)) : (int) $matches[1];
	$num = $matches[1][0] === 'x' ? hexdec(substr(/** @scrutinizer ignore-type */ $matches[1], 1)) : (int) $matches[1];

	// <0x20 are control characters, > 0x10FFFF is past the end of the utf8 character set
	// 0xD800 >= $num <= 0xDFFF are surrogate markers (not valid for utf8 text), 0x202D-E are left to right overrides
	if ($num < 0x20 || $num > 0x10FFFF || ($num >= 0xD800 && $num <= 0xDFFF) || $num === 0x202D || $num === 0x202E)
		return '';
	// <0x80 (or less than 128) are standard ascii characters a-z A-Z 0-9 and punctuation
	elseif ($num < 0x80)
		return chr($num);
		return chr(/** @scrutinizer ignore-type */ $num);
	// <0x800 (2048)
	elseif ($num < 0x800)
		return chr(($num >> 6) + 192) . chr(($num & 63) + 128);
	// < 0x10000 (65536)
	elseif ($num < 0x10000)
		return chr(($num >> 12) + 224) . chr((($num >> 6) & 63) + 128) . chr(($num & 63) + 128);
	// <= 0x10FFFF (1114111)
	else
		return chr(($num >> 18) + 240) . chr((($num >> 12) & 63) + 128) . chr((($num >> 6) & 63) + 128) . chr(($num & 63) + 128);
}

/**
 * Strips out invalid html entities, replaces others with html style &#123; codes
 *
 * Callback function used of preg_replace_callback in smcFunc $ent_checks, for example
 * strpos, strlen, substr etc
 *
 * @param array $matches An array of matches (relevant info should be the 3rd item in the array)
 * @return string The fixed string
 */
function entity_fix__callback($matches)
{
	if (!isset($matches[2]))
		return '';

	$num = $matches[2][0] === 'x' ? hexdec(substr($matches[2], 1)) : (int) $matches[2];
	$num = $matches[2][0] === 'x' ? hexdec(substr(/** @scrutinizer ignore-type */ $matches[2], 1)) : (int) $matches[2];

	// we don't allow control characters, characters out of range, byte markers, etc
	if ($num < 0x20 || $num > 0x10FFFF || ($num >= 0xD800 && $num <= 0xDFFF) || $num == 0x202D || $num == 0x202E)
		return '';
	else
		return '&#' . $num . ';';
}

/**
 * Return a Gravatar URL based on
 * - the supplied email address,
 * - the global maximum rating,
 * - the global default fallback,
 * - maximum sizes as set in the admin panel.
 *
 * It is SSL aware, and caches most of the parameters.
 *
 * @param string $email_address The user's email address
 * @return string The gravatar URL
 */
function get_gravatar_url($email_address)
{
	global $modSettings, $smcFunc;
	static $url_params = null;

	if ($url_params === null)
	{
		$ratings = array('G', 'PG', 'R', 'X');
		$defaults = array('mm', 'identicon', 'monsterid', 'wavatar', 'retro', 'blank');
		$url_params = array();
		if (!empty($modSettings['gravatarMaxRating']) && in_array($modSettings['gravatarMaxRating'], $ratings))
			$url_params[] = 'rating=' . $modSettings['gravatarMaxRating'];
		if (!empty($modSettings['gravatarDefault']) && in_array($modSettings['gravatarDefault'], $defaults))
			$url_params[] = 'default=' . $modSettings['gravatarDefault'];
		if (!empty($modSettings['avatar_max_width_external']))
			$size_string = (int) $modSettings['avatar_max_width_external'];
		if (!empty($modSettings['avatar_max_height_external']) && !empty($size_string))
			if ((int) $modSettings['avatar_max_height_external'] < $size_string)

				$size_string = $modSettings['avatar_max_height_external'];

		if (!empty($size_string))
			$url_params[] = 's=' . $size_string;
	}
	$http_method = !empty($modSettings['force_ssl']) ? 'https://secure' : 'http://www';

	return $http_method . '.gravatar.com/avatar/' . md5($smcFunc['strtolower']($email_address)) . '?' . implode('&', $url_params);
}

/**
 * Get a list of timezones.
 *
 * @param string $when An optional date or time for which to calculate the timezone offset values. May be a Unix timestamp or any string that strtotime() can understand. Defaults to 'now'.
 * @return array An array of timezone info.
 */
function smf_list_timezones($when = 'now')
{
	global $smcFunc, $modSettings, $tztxt, $txt, $cur_profile;
	static $timezones = null, $lastwhen = null;

	// No point doing this over if we already did it once
	if (!empty($timezones) && $when == $lastwhen)
		return $timezones;
	else
		$lastwhen = $when;

	// Parseable datetime string?
	if (is_int($timestamp = strtotime($when)))

		$when = $timestamp;

	// A Unix timestamp?
	elseif (is_numeric($when))
		$when = intval($when);

	// Invalid value? Just get current Unix timestamp.
	else
		$when = time();

	// We'll need these too
	$date_when = date_create('@' . $when);
	$later = strtotime('@' . $when . ' + 1 year');

	// Load up any custom time zone descriptions we might have
	loadLanguage('Timezones');

	// Should we put time zones from certain countries at the top of the list?
	$priority_countries = !empty($modSettings['timezone_priority_countries']) ? explode(',', $modSettings['timezone_priority_countries']) : array();
	$priority_tzids = array();
	foreach ($priority_countries as $country)
	{
		$country_tzids = @timezone_identifiers_list(DateTimeZone::PER_COUNTRY, strtoupper(trim($country)));
		if (!empty($country_tzids))
			$priority_tzids = array_merge($priority_tzids, $country_tzids);
	}

	// Antarctic research stations should be listed last, unless you're running a penguin forum
	$low_priority_tzids = !in_array('AQ', $priority_countries) ? timezone_identifiers_list(DateTimeZone::ANTARCTICA) : array();

	// Process the preferred timezones first, then the normal ones, then the low priority ones.
	$tzids = array_merge(array_keys($tztxt), array_diff(timezone_identifiers_list(), array_keys($tztxt), $low_priority_tzids), $low_priority_tzids);
	$tzids = array_merge(array_keys($tztxt), array_diff(timezone_identifiers_list(), array_keys($tztxt), /** @scrutinizer ignore-type */ $low_priority_tzids), $low_priority_tzids);

	// Idea here is to get exactly one representative identifier for each and every unique set of time zone rules.
	foreach ($tzids as $tzid)
	{
		// We don't want UTC right now
		if ($tzid == 'UTC')
			continue;

		$tz = timezone_open($tzid);

		// First, get the set of transition rules for this tzid
		$tzinfo = timezone_transitions_get($tz, $when, $later);
		$tzinfo = timezone_transitions_get(/** @scrutinizer ignore-type */ $tz, $when, $later);

		// Use the entire set of transition rules as the array *key* so we can avoid duplicates
		$tzkey = serialize($tzinfo);

		// Next, get the geographic info for this tzid
		$tzgeo = timezone_location_get($tz);
		$tzgeo = timezone_location_get(/** @scrutinizer ignore-type */ $tz);

		// Don't overwrite our preferred tzids
		if (empty($zones[$tzkey]['tzid']))
		{
			$zones[$tzkey]['tzid'] = $tzid;
			$zones[$tzkey]['abbr'] = $tzinfo[0]['abbr'];
		}

		// A time zone from a prioritized country?
		if (in_array($tzid, $priority_tzids))
			$priority_zones[$tzkey] = true;

		// Keep track of the location and offset for this tzid
		if (!empty($txt[$tzid]))
			$zones[$tzkey]['locations'][] = $txt[$tzid];
		else
		{
			$tzid_parts = explode('/', $tzid);
			$zones[$tzkey]['locations'][] = str_replace(array('St_', '_'), array('St. ', ' '), array_pop($tzid_parts));
		}
		$offsets[$tzkey] = $tzinfo[0]['offset'];
		$longitudes[$tzkey] = empty($longitudes[$tzkey]) ? $tzgeo['longitude'] : $longitudes[$tzkey];

		// Remember this for later
		if (isset($cur_profile['timezone']) && $cur_profile['timezone'] == $tzid)
			$member_tzkey = $tzkey;
	}

	// Sort by offset then longitude
	array_multisort($offsets, SORT_ASC, SORT_NUMERIC, $longitudes, SORT_ASC, SORT_NUMERIC, $zones);


	// Build the final array of formatted values
	$priority_timezones = array();
	$timezones = array();
	foreach ($zones as $tzkey => $tzvalue)
	{
		date_timezone_set($date_when, timezone_open($tzvalue['tzid']));
		date_timezone_set($date_when, /** @scrutinizer ignore-type */ timezone_open($tzvalue['tzid']));

		// Use the custom description, if there is one
		if (!empty($tztxt[$tzvalue['tzid']]))
			$desc = $tztxt[$tzvalue['tzid']];
		// Otherwise, use the list of locations (max 5, so things don't get silly)
		else
			$desc = implode(', ', array_slice(array_unique($tzvalue['locations']), 0, 5)) . (count($tzvalue['locations']) > 5 ? ', ' . $txt['etc'] : '');

		// Show the UTC offset and the abbreviation, if it's something like 'MST' and not '-06'
		$desc = '[UTC' . date_format($date_when, 'P') . '] - ' . (!strspn($tzvalue['abbr'], '+-') ? $tzvalue['abbr'] . ' - ' : '') . $desc;

		if (isset($priority_zones[$tzkey]))
			$priority_timezones[$tzvalue['tzid']] = $desc;
		else
			$timezones[$tzvalue['tzid']] = $desc;

		// Automatically fix orphaned timezones on the member profile page
		if (isset($member_tzkey) && $member_tzkey == $tzkey)
			$cur_profile['timezone'] = $tzvalue['tzid'];
	}

	if (!empty($priority_timezones))
		$priority_timezones[] = '-----';

	$timezones = array_merge(
		$priority_timezones,
		array('UTC' => 'UTC' . (!empty($tztxt['UTC']) ? ' - ' . $tztxt['UTC'] : ''), '-----'),
		$timezones
	);

	return $timezones;
}

/**
 * Converts an IP address into binary
 *
 * @param string $ip_address An IP address in IPv4, IPv6 or decimal notation
 * @return string|false The IP address in binary or false
 */
function inet_ptod($ip_address)
{
	if (!isValidIP($ip_address))
		return $ip_address;

	$bin = inet_pton($ip_address);
	return $bin;
}

/**
 * Converts a binary version of an IP address into a readable format
 *
 * @param string $bin An IP address in IPv4, IPv6 (Either string (postgresql) or binary (other databases))
 * @return string|false The IP address in presentation format or false on error
 */
function inet_dtop($bin)
{
	global $db_type;

	if (empty($bin))
		return '';
	elseif ($db_type == 'postgresql')
		return $bin;
	// Already a String?
	elseif (isValidIP($bin))
		return $bin;
	return inet_ntop($bin);
}

/**
 * Safe serialize() and unserialize() replacements
 *
 * @license Public Domain
 *
 * @author anthon (dot) pang (at) gmail (dot) com
 */

/**
 * Safe serialize() replacement. Recursive
 * - output a strict subset of PHP's native serialized representation
 * - does not serialize objects
 *
 * @param mixed $value
 * @return string
 */
function _safe_serialize($value)
{
	if (is_null($value))
		return 'N;';

	if (is_bool($value))
		return 'b:' . (int) $value . ';';

	if (is_int($value))
		return 'i:' . $value . ';';

	if (is_float($value))
		return 'd:' . str_replace(',', '.', $value) . ';';

	if (is_string($value))
		return 's:' . strlen($value) . ':"' . $value . '";';

	if (is_array($value))
	{
		$out = '';
		foreach ($value as $k => $v)
			$out .= _safe_serialize($k) . _safe_serialize($v);

		return 'a:' . count($value) . ':{' . $out . '}';
	}

	// safe_serialize cannot serialize resources or objects.
	return false;
}

/**
 * Wrapper for _safe_serialize() that handles exceptions and multibyte encoding issues.
 *
 * @param mixed $value
 * @return string
 */
function safe_serialize($value)
{
	// Make sure we use the byte count for strings even when strlen() is overloaded by mb_strlen()
	if (function_exists('mb_internal_encoding') &&
		(((int) ini_get('mbstring.func_overload')) & 2))
	{
		$mbIntEnc = mb_internal_encoding();
		mb_internal_encoding('ASCII');
	}

	$out = _safe_serialize($value);

	if (isset($mbIntEnc))
		mb_internal_encoding($mbIntEnc);

	return $out;
}

/**
 * Safe unserialize() replacement
 * - accepts a strict subset of PHP's native serialized representation
 * - does not unserialize objects
 *
 * @param string $str
 * @return mixed
 * @throw Exception if $str is malformed or contains unsupported types (e.g., resources, objects)
 */
function _safe_unserialize($str)
{
	// Input  is not a string.
	if (empty($str) || !is_string($str))
		return false;

	$stack = array();
	$expected = array();

	/*
	 * states:
	 *   0 - initial state, expecting a single value or array
	 *   1 - terminal state
	 *   2 - in array, expecting end of array or a key
	 *   3 - in array, expecting value or another array
	 */
	$state = 0;
	while ($state != 1)
	{
		$type = isset($str[0]) ? $str[0] : '';
		if ($type == '}')
			$str = substr($str, 1);

		elseif ($type == 'N' && $str[1] == ';')
		{
			$value = null;
			$str = substr($str, 2);
		}
		elseif ($type == 'b' && preg_match('/^b:([01]);/', $str, $matches))
		{
			$value = $matches[1] == '1' ? true : false;
			$str = substr($str, 4);
		}
		elseif ($type == 'i' && preg_match('/^i:(-?[0-9]+);(.*)/s', $str, $matches))
		{
			$value = (int) $matches[1];
			$str = $matches[2];
		}
		elseif ($type == 'd' && preg_match('/^d:(-?[0-9]+\.?[0-9]*(E[+-][0-9]+)?);(.*)/s', $str, $matches))
		{
			$value = (float) $matches[1];
			$str = $matches[3];
		}
		elseif ($type == 's' && preg_match('/^s:([0-9]+):"(.*)/s', $str, $matches) && substr($matches[2], (int) $matches[1], 2) == '";')
		{
			$value = substr($matches[2], 0, (int) $matches[1]);
			$str = substr($matches[2], (int) $matches[1] + 2);
		}
		elseif ($type == 'a' && preg_match('/^a:([0-9]+):{(.*)/s', $str, $matches))
		{
			$expectedLength = (int) $matches[1];
			$str = $matches[2];
		}

		// Object or unknown/malformed type.
		else
			return false;

		switch ($state)
		{
			case 3: // In array, expecting value or another array.
				if ($type == 'a')
				{
					$stack[] = &$list;

					$list[$key] = array();

					$list = &$list[$key];
					$expected[] = $expectedLength;

					$state = 2;
					break;
				}
				if ($type != '}')
				{
					$list[$key] = $value;

					$state = 2;
					break;
				}

				// Missing array value.
				return false;

			case 2: // in array, expecting end of array or a key
				if ($type == '}')
				{
					// Array size is less than expected.
					if (count($list) < end($expected))
						return false;

					unset($list);
					$list = &$stack[count($stack) - 1];
					array_pop($stack);

					// Go to terminal state if we're at the end of the root array.
					array_pop($expected);

					if (count($expected) == 0)
						$state = 1;

					break;
				}

				if ($type == 'i' || $type == 's')
				{
					// Array size exceeds expected length.
					if (count($list) >= end($expected))
						return false;

					$key = $value;
					$state = 3;
					break;
				}

				// Illegal array index type.
				return false;

			// Expecting array or value.
			case 0:
				if ($type == 'a')
				{
					$data = array();
					$list = &$data;
					$expected[] = $expectedLength;
					$state = 2;
					break;
				}

				if ($type != '}')
				{
					$data = $value;
					$state = 1;
					break;
				}

				// Not in array.
				return false;
		}
	}

	// Trailing data in input.
	if (!empty($str))
		return false;

	return $data;

}

/**
 * Wrapper for _safe_unserialize() that handles exceptions and multibyte encoding issue
 *
 * @param string $str
 * @return mixed
 */
function safe_unserialize($str)
{
	// Make sure we use the byte count for strings even when strlen() is overloaded by mb_strlen()
	if (function_exists('mb_internal_encoding') &&
		(((int) ini_get('mbstring.func_overload')) & 0x02))
	{
		$mbIntEnc = mb_internal_encoding();
		mb_internal_encoding('ASCII');
	}

	$out = _safe_unserialize($str);

	if (isset($mbIntEnc))
		mb_internal_encoding($mbIntEnc);

	return $out;
}

/**
 * Tries different modes to make file/dirs writable. Wrapper function for chmod()
 *
 * @param string $file The file/dir full path.
 * @param int $value Not needed, added for legacy reasons.
 * @return boolean  true if the file/dir is already writable or the function was able to make it writable, false if the function couldn't make the file/dir writable.
 */
function smf_chmod($file, $value = 0)
{
	// No file? no checks!
	if (empty($file))
		return false;

	// Already writable?
	if (is_writable($file))
		return true;

	// Do we have a file or a dir?
	$isDir = is_dir($file);
	$isWritable = false;

	// Set different modes.
	$chmodValues = $isDir ? array(0750, 0755, 0775, 0777) : array(0644, 0664, 0666);

	foreach ($chmodValues as $val)
	{
		// If it's writable, break out of the loop.
		if (is_writable($file))
		{
			$isWritable = true;
			break;
		}

		else
			@chmod($file, $val);
	}

	return $isWritable;
}

/**
 * Wrapper function for json_decode() with error handling.
 *
 * @param string $json The string to decode.
 * @param bool $returnAsArray To return the decoded string as an array or an object, SMF only uses Arrays but to keep on compatibility with json_decode its set to false as default.
 * @param bool $logIt To specify if the error will be logged if theres any.
 * @return array Either an empty array or the decoded data as an array.
 */
function smf_json_decode($json, $returnAsArray = false, $logIt = true)
{
	global $txt;

	// Come on...
	if (empty($json) || !is_string($json))
		return array();

	$returnArray = @json_decode($json, $returnAsArray);

	// PHP 5.3 so no json_last_error_msg()
	switch (json_last_error())
	{
		case JSON_ERROR_NONE:
			$jsonError = false;
			break;
		case JSON_ERROR_DEPTH:
			$jsonError = 'JSON_ERROR_DEPTH';
			break;
		case JSON_ERROR_STATE_MISMATCH:
			$jsonError = 'JSON_ERROR_STATE_MISMATCH';
			break;
		case JSON_ERROR_CTRL_CHAR:
			$jsonError = 'JSON_ERROR_CTRL_CHAR';
			break;
		case JSON_ERROR_SYNTAX:
			$jsonError = 'JSON_ERROR_SYNTAX';
			break;
		case JSON_ERROR_UTF8:
			$jsonError = 'JSON_ERROR_UTF8';
			break;
		default:
			$jsonError = 'unknown';
			break;
	}

	// Something went wrong!
	if (!empty($jsonError) && $logIt)
	{
		// Being a wrapper means we lost our smf_error_handler() privileges :(
		$jsonDebug = debug_backtrace();
		$jsonDebug = $jsonDebug[0];
		loadLanguage('Errors');

		if (!empty($jsonDebug))
			log_error($txt['json_' . $jsonError], 'critical', $jsonDebug['file'], $jsonDebug['line']);

		else
			log_error($txt['json_' . $jsonError], 'critical');

		// Everyone expects an array.
		return array();
	}

	return $returnArray;
}

/**
 * Check the given String if he is a valid IPv4 or IPv6
 * return true or false
 *
 * @param string $IPString
 *
 * @return bool
 */
function isValidIP($IPString)
{
	return filter_var($IPString, FILTER_VALIDATE_IP) !== false;
}

/**
 * Outputs a response.
 * It assumes the data is already a string.
 *
 * @param string $data The data to print
 * @param string $type The content type. Defaults to Json.
 * @return void
 */
function smf_serverResponse($data = '', $type = 'content-type: application/json')
{
	global $db_show_debug, $modSettings;

	// Defensive programming anyone?
	if (empty($data))
		return false;

	// Don't need extra stuff...
	$db_show_debug = false;

	// Kill anything else.
	ob_end_clean();

	if (!empty($modSettings['CompressedOutput']))
		@ob_start('ob_gzhandler');

	else
		ob_start();

	// Set the header.
	header($type);

	// Echo!
	echo $data;

	// Done.
	obExit(false);
}

/**
 * Creates an optimized regex to match all known top level domains.
 *
 * The optimized regex is stored in $modSettings['tld_regex'].
 *
 * To update the stored version of the regex to use the latest list of valid
 * TLDs from iana.org, set the $update parameter to true. Updating can take some
 * time, based on network connectivity, so it should normally only be done by
 * calling this function from a background or scheduled task.
 *
 * If $update is not true, but the regex is missing or invalid, the regex will
 * be regenerated from a hard-coded list of TLDs. This regenerated regex will be
 * overwritten on the next scheduled update.
 *
 * @param bool $update If true, fetch and process the latest official list of TLDs from iana.org.
 */
function set_tld_regex($update = false)
{
	global $sourcedir, $smcFunc, $modSettings;
	static $done = false;

	// If we don't need to do anything, don't
	if (!$update && $done)
		return;

	// Should we get a new copy of the official list of TLDs?
	if ($update)
	{
		$tlds = fetch_web_data('https://data.iana.org/TLD/tlds-alpha-by-domain.txt');
		$tlds_md5 = fetch_web_data('https://data.iana.org/TLD/tlds-alpha-by-domain.txt.md5');

		/**
		 * If the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority can't be reached, the Internet is GONE!
		 * We're probably running on a server hidden in a bunker deep underground to protect
		 * it from marauding bandits roaming on the surface. We don't want to waste precious
		 * electricity on pointlessly repeating background tasks, so we'll wait until the next
		 * regularly scheduled update to see if civilization has been restored.
		 */
		if ($tlds === false || $tlds_md5 === false)
			$postapocalypticNightmare = true;

		// Make sure nothing went horribly wrong along the way.
		if (md5($tlds) != substr($tlds_md5, 0, 32))
		if (md5($tlds) != substr(/** @scrutinizer ignore-type */ $tlds_md5, 0, 32))
			$tlds = array();
	}
	// If we aren't updating and the regex is valid, we're done
	elseif (!empty($modSettings['tld_regex']) && @preg_match('~' . $modSettings['tld_regex'] . '~', null) !== false)
	{
		$done = true;
		return;
	}

	// If we successfully got an update, process the list into an array
	if (!empty($tlds))
	{
		// Clean $tlds and convert it to an array
		$tlds = array_filter(explode("\n", strtolower($tlds)), function($line)
		{
			$line = trim($line);
			if (empty($line) || strlen($line) != strspn($line, 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789-'))
				return false;
			else
				return true;
		});

		// Convert Punycode to Unicode
		require_once($sourcedir . '/Class-Punycode.php');
		$Punycode = new Punycode();
		$tlds = array_map(function($input) use ($Punycode)
		{
			return $Punycode->decode($input);
		}, $tlds);
	}
	// Otherwise, use the 2012 list of gTLDs and ccTLDs for now and schedule a background update
	else
	{
		$tlds = array('com', 'net', 'org', 'edu', 'gov', 'mil', 'aero', 'asia', 'biz',
			'cat', 'coop', 'info', 'int', 'jobs', 'mobi', 'museum', 'name', 'post',
			'pro', 'tel', 'travel', 'xxx', 'ac', 'ad', 'ae', 'af', 'ag', 'ai', 'al',
			'am', 'ao', 'aq', 'ar', 'as', 'at', 'au', 'aw', 'ax', 'az', 'ba', 'bb', 'bd',
			'be', 'bf', 'bg', 'bh', 'bi', 'bj', 'bm', 'bn', 'bo', 'br', 'bs', 'bt', 'bv',
			'bw', 'by', 'bz', 'ca', 'cc', 'cd', 'cf', 'cg', 'ch', 'ci', 'ck', 'cl', 'cm',
			'cn', 'co', 'cr', 'cu', 'cv', 'cx', 'cy', 'cz', 'de', 'dj', 'dk', 'dm', 'do',
			'dz', 'ec', 'ee', 'eg', 'er', 'es', 'et', 'eu', 'fi', 'fj', 'fk', 'fm', 'fo',
			'fr', 'ga', 'gb', 'gd', 'ge', 'gf', 'gg', 'gh', 'gi', 'gl', 'gm', 'gn', 'gp',
			'gq', 'gr', 'gs', 'gt', 'gu', 'gw', 'gy', 'hk', 'hm', 'hn', 'hr', 'ht', 'hu',
			'id', 'ie', 'il', 'im', 'in', 'io', 'iq', 'ir', 'is', 'it', 'je', 'jm', 'jo',
			'jp', 'ke', 'kg', 'kh', 'ki', 'km', 'kn', 'kp', 'kr', 'kw', 'ky', 'kz', 'la',
			'lb', 'lc', 'li', 'lk', 'lr', 'ls', 'lt', 'lu', 'lv', 'ly', 'ma', 'mc', 'md',
			'me', 'mg', 'mh', 'mk', 'ml', 'mm', 'mn', 'mo', 'mp', 'mq', 'mr', 'ms', 'mt',
			'mu', 'mv', 'mw', 'mx', 'my', 'mz', 'na', 'nc', 'ne', 'nf', 'ng', 'ni', 'nl',
			'no', 'np', 'nr', 'nu', 'nz', 'om', 'pa', 'pe', 'pf', 'pg', 'ph', 'pk', 'pl',
			'pm', 'pn', 'pr', 'ps', 'pt', 'pw', 'py', 'qa', 're', 'ro', 'rs', 'ru', 'rw',
			'sa', 'sb', 'sc', 'sd', 'se', 'sg', 'sh', 'si', 'sj', 'sk', 'sl', 'sm', 'sn',
			'so', 'sr', 'ss', 'st', 'su', 'sv', 'sx', 'sy', 'sz', 'tc', 'td', 'tf', 'tg',
			'th', 'tj', 'tk', 'tl', 'tm', 'tn', 'to', 'tr', 'tt', 'tv', 'tw', 'tz', 'ua',
			'ug', 'uk', 'us', 'uy', 'uz', 'va', 'vc', 've', 'vg', 'vi', 'vn', 'vu', 'wf',
			'ws', 'ye', 'yt', 'za', 'zm', 'zw',
		);

		// Schedule a background update, unless civilization has collapsed and/or we are having connectivity issues.
		if (empty($postapocalypticNightmare))
		{
			$smcFunc['db_insert']('insert', '{db_prefix}background_tasks',
				array('task_file' => 'string-255', 'task_class' => 'string-255', 'task_data' => 'string', 'claimed_time' => 'int'),
				array('$sourcedir/tasks/UpdateTldRegex.php', 'Update_TLD_Regex', '', 0), array()
			);
		}
	}

	// Tack on some "special use domain names" that aren't in DNS but may possibly resolve.
	// See https://www.iana.org/assignments/special-use-domain-names/ for more info.
	$tlds = array_merge($tlds, array('local', 'onion', 'test'));

	// Get an optimized regex to match all the TLDs
	$tld_regex = build_regex($tlds);

	// Remember the new regex in $modSettings
	updateSettings(array('tld_regex' => $tld_regex));

	// Redundant repetition is redundant
	$done = true;
}

/**
 * Creates optimized regular expressions from an array of strings.
 *
 * An optimized regex built using this function will be much faster than a
 * simple regex built using `implode('|', $strings)` --- anywhere from several
 * times to several orders of magnitude faster.
 *
 * However, the time required to build the optimized regex is approximately
 * equal to the time it takes to execute the simple regex. Therefore, it is only
 * worth calling this function if the resulting regex will be used more than
 * once.
 *
 * Because PHP places an upper limit on the allowed length of a regex, very
 * large arrays of $strings may not fit in a single regex. Normally, the excess
 * strings will simply be dropped. However, if the $returnArray parameter is set
 * to true, this function will build as many regexes as necessary to accommodate
 * everything in $strings and return them in an array. You will need to iterate
 * through all elements of the returned array in order to test all possible
 * matches.
 *
 * @param array $strings An array of strings to make a regex for.
 * @param string $delim An optional delimiter character to pass to preg_quote().
 * @param bool $returnArray If true, returns an array of regexes.
 * @return string|array One or more regular expressions to match any of the input strings.
 */
function build_regex($strings, $delim = null, $returnArray = false)
{
	global $smcFunc;
	static $regexes = array();

	// If it's not an array, there's not much to do. ;)
	if (!is_array($strings))

		return preg_quote(@strval($strings), $delim);

	$regex_key = md5(json_encode(array($strings, $delim, $returnArray)));

	if (isset($regexes[$regex_key]))
		return $regexes[$regex_key];

	// The mb_* functions are faster than the $smcFunc ones, but may not be available
	if (function_exists('mb_internal_encoding') && function_exists('mb_detect_encoding') && function_exists('mb_strlen') && function_exists('mb_substr'))
	{
		if (($string_encoding = mb_detect_encoding(implode(' ', $strings))) !== false)
		{
			$current_encoding = mb_internal_encoding();
			mb_internal_encoding($string_encoding);
		}

		$strlen = 'mb_strlen';
		$substr = 'mb_substr';
	}
	else
	{
		$strlen = $smcFunc['strlen'];
		$substr = $smcFunc['substr'];
	}

	// This recursive function creates the index array from the strings
	$add_string_to_index = function($string, $index) use (&$strlen, &$substr, &$add_string_to_index)
	{
		static $depth = 0;
		$depth++;

		$first = (string) @$substr($string, 0, 1);

		// No first character? That's no good.
		if ($first === '')
		{
			// A nested array? Really? Ugh. Fine.
			if (is_array($string) && $depth < 20)
			{
				foreach ($string as $str)
					$index = $add_string_to_index($str, $index);
			}

			$depth--;
			return $index;
		}

		if (empty($index[$first]))
			$index[$first] = array();

		if ($strlen($string) > 1)
		{
			// Sanity check on recursion
			if ($depth > 99)
				$index[$first][$substr($string, 1)] = '';

			else
				$index[$first] = $add_string_to_index($substr($string, 1), $index[$first]);
		}
		else
			$index[$first][''] = '';

		$depth--;
		return $index;
	};

	// This recursive function turns the index array into a regular expression
	$index_to_regex = function(&$index, $delim) use (&$strlen, &$index_to_regex)
	{
		static $depth = 0;
		$depth++;

		// Absolute max length for a regex is 32768, but we might need wiggle room
		$max_length = 30000;

		$regex = array();
		$length = 0;

		foreach ($index as $key => $value)
		{
			$key_regex = preg_quote($key, $delim);
			$new_key = $key;

			if (empty($value))
				$sub_regex = '';
			else
			{
				$sub_regex = $index_to_regex($value, $delim);

				if (count(array_keys($value)) == 1)
				{
					$new_key_array = explode('(?' . '>', $sub_regex);
					$new_key .= $new_key_array[0];
				}
				else
					$sub_regex = '(?' . '>' . $sub_regex . ')';
			}

			if ($depth > 1)
				$regex[$new_key] = $key_regex . $sub_regex;
			else
			{
				if (($length += strlen($key_regex) + 1) < $max_length || empty($regex))
				{
					$regex[$new_key] = $key_regex . $sub_regex;
					unset($index[$key]);
				}
				else
					break;
			}
		}

		// Sort by key length and then alphabetically
		uksort($regex, function($k1, $k2) use (&$strlen)
		{
			$l1 = $strlen($k1);
			$l2 = $strlen($k2);

			if ($l1 == $l2)
				return strcmp($k1, $k2) > 0 ? 1 : -1;
			else
				return $l1 > $l2 ? -1 : 1;
		});

		$depth--;
		return implode('|', $regex);
	};

	// Now that the functions are defined, let's do this thing
	$index = array();
	$regex = '';

	foreach ($strings as $string)
		$index = $add_string_to_index($string, $index);

	if ($returnArray === true)
	{
		$regex = array();
		while (!empty($index))
			$regex[] = '(?' . '>' . $index_to_regex($index, $delim) . ')';
	}
	else
		$regex = '(?' . '>' . $index_to_regex($index, $delim) . ')';

	// Restore PHP's internal character encoding to whatever it was originally
	if (!empty($current_encoding))
		mb_internal_encoding($current_encoding);

	$regexes[$regex_key] = $regex;
	return $regex;
}

/**
 * Check if the passed url has an SSL certificate.
 *
 * Returns true if a cert was found & false if not.
 *
 * @param string $url to check, in $boardurl format (no trailing slash).
 */
function ssl_cert_found($url)
{
	// This check won't work without OpenSSL
	if (!extension_loaded('openssl'))
		return true;

	// First, strip the subfolder from the passed url, if any
	$parsedurl = parse_url($url);
	$url = 'ssl://' . $parsedurl['host'] . ':443';

	// Next, check the ssl stream context for certificate info
	if (version_compare(PHP_VERSION, '5.6.0', '<'))
		$ssloptions = array("capture_peer_cert" => true);
	else
		$ssloptions = array("capture_peer_cert" => true, "verify_peer" => true, "allow_self_signed" => true);

	$result = false;
	$context = stream_context_create(array("ssl" => $ssloptions));
	$stream = @stream_socket_client($url, $errno, $errstr, 30, STREAM_CLIENT_CONNECT, $context);
	if ($stream !== false)
	{
		$params = stream_context_get_params($stream);
		$result = isset($params["options"]["ssl"]["peer_certificate"]) ? true : false;
	}
	return $result;
}

/**
 * Check if the passed url has a redirect to https:// by querying headers.
 *
 * Returns true if a redirect was found & false if not.
 * Note that when force_ssl = 2, SMF issues its own redirect...  So if this
 * returns true, it may be caused by SMF, not necessarily an .htaccess redirect.
 *
 * @param string $url to check, in $boardurl format (no trailing slash).
 */
function https_redirect_active($url)
{
	// Ask for the headers for the passed url, but via http...
	// Need to add the trailing slash, or it puts it there & thinks there's a redirect when there isn't...
	$url = str_ireplace('https://', 'http://', $url) . '/';
	$headers = @get_headers($url);
	if ($headers === false)
		return false;

	// Now to see if it came back https...
	// First check for a redirect status code in first row (301, 302, 307)
	if (strstr($headers[0], '301') === false && strstr($headers[0], '302') === false && strstr($headers[0], '307') === false)
		return false;

	// Search for the location entry to confirm https
	$result = false;
	foreach ($headers as $header)
	{
		if (stristr($header, 'Location: https://') !== false)
		{
			$result = true;
			break;
		}
	}
	return $result;
}

/**
 * Build query_wanna_see_board and query_see_board for a userid
 *
 * Returns array with keys query_wanna_see_board and query_see_board
 *
 * @param int $userid of the user
 */
function build_query_board($userid)
{
	global $user_info, $modSettings, $smcFunc, $db_prefix;

	$query_part = array();

	// If we come from cron, we can't have a $user_info.
	if (isset($user_info['id']) && $user_info['id'] == $userid && SMF != 'BACKGROUND')
	{
		$groups = $user_info['groups'];
		$can_see_all_boards = $user_info['is_admin'] || $user_info['can_manage_boards'];
		$ignoreboards = !empty($user_info['ignoreboards']) ? $user_info['ignoreboards'] : null;
	}
	else
	{
		$request = $smcFunc['db_query']('', '
			SELECT mem.ignore_boards, mem.id_group, mem.additional_groups, mem.id_post_group
			FROM {db_prefix}members AS mem
			WHERE mem.id_member = {int:id_member}
			LIMIT 1',
			array(
				'id_member' => $userid,
			)
		);

		$row = $smcFunc['db_fetch_assoc']($request);

		if (empty($row['additional_groups']))
			$groups = array($row['id_group'], $row['id_post_group']);
		else
			$groups = array_merge(
				array($row['id_group'], $row['id_post_group']),
				explode(',', $row['additional_groups'])
			);

		// Because history has proven that it is possible for groups to go bad - clean up in case.
		foreach ($groups as $k => $v)
			$groups[$k] = (int) $v;

		$can_see_all_boards = in_array(1, $groups) || (!empty($modSettings['board_manager_groups']) && count(array_intersect($groups, explode(',', $modSettings['board_manager_groups']))) > 0);

		$ignoreboards = !empty($row['ignore_boards']) && !empty($modSettings['allow_ignore_boards']) ? explode(',', $row['ignore_boards']) : array();
	}

	// Just build this here, it makes it easier to change/use - administrators can see all boards.
	if ($can_see_all_boards)
		$query_part['query_see_board'] = '1=1';
	// Otherwise just the groups in $user_info['groups'].
	else
	{
		$query_part['query_see_board'] = '
			EXISTS (
				SELECT bpv.id_board
				FROM ' . $db_prefix . 'board_permissions_view AS bpv
				WHERE bpv.id_group IN ('. implode(',', $groups) .')
					AND bpv.deny = 0
					AND bpv.id_board = b.id_board
			)';

		if (!empty($modSettings['deny_boards_access']))
			$query_part['query_see_board'] .= '
			AND NOT EXISTS (
				SELECT bpv.id_board
				FROM ' . $db_prefix . 'board_permissions_view AS bpv
				WHERE bpv.id_group IN ( '. implode(',', $groups) .')
					AND bpv.deny = 1
					AND bpv.id_board = b.id_board
			)';
	}

	$query_part['query_see_message_board'] = str_replace('b.', 'm.', $query_part['query_see_board']);
	$query_part['query_see_topic_board'] = str_replace('b.', 't.', $query_part['query_see_board']);

	// Build the list of boards they WANT to see.
	// This will take the place of query_see_boards in certain spots, so it better include the boards they can see also

	// If they aren't ignoring any boards then they want to see all the boards they can see
	if (empty($ignoreboards))
	{
		$query_part['query_wanna_see_board'] = $query_part['query_see_board'];
		$query_part['query_wanna_see_message_board'] = $query_part['query_see_message_board'];
		$query_part['query_wanna_see_topic_board'] = $query_part['query_see_topic_board'];
	}
	// Ok I guess they don't want to see all the boards
	else
	{
		$query_part['query_wanna_see_board'] = '(' . $query_part['query_see_board'] . ' AND b.id_board NOT IN (' . implode(',', $ignoreboards) . '))';
		$query_part['query_wanna_see_message_board'] = '(' . $query_part['query_see_message_board'] . ' AND m.id_board NOT IN (' . implode(',', $ignoreboards) . '))';
		$query_part['query_wanna_see_topic_board'] = '(' . $query_part['query_see_topic_board'] . ' AND t.id_board NOT IN (' . implode(',', $ignoreboards) . '))';
	}

	return $query_part;
}

/**
 * Check if the connection is using https.
 *
 * @return boolean true if connection used https
 */
function httpsOn()
{
	$secure = false;

	if (isset($_SERVER['HTTPS']) && $_SERVER['HTTPS'] == 'on')
		$secure = true;
	elseif (!empty($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO']) && $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO'] == 'https' || !empty($_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_SSL']) && $_SERVER['HTTP_X_FORWARDED_SSL'] == 'on')

		$secure = true;

	return $secure;
}

/**
 * A wrapper for `filter_var($url, FILTER_VALIDATE_URL)` that can handle URLs
 * with international characters (a.k.a. IRIs)
 *
 * @param string $iri The IRI to test.
 * @param int $flags Optional flags to pass to filter_var()
 * @return string|bool Either the original IRI, or false if the IRI was invalid.
 */
function validate_iri($iri, $flags = null)
{
	$url = iri_to_url($iri);

	if (filter_var($url, FILTER_VALIDATE_URL, $flags) !== false)
		return $iri;
	else
		return false;
}

/**
 * A wrapper for `filter_var($url, FILTER_SANITIZE_URL)` that can handle URLs
 * with international characters (a.k.a. IRIs)
 *
 * Note: The returned value will still be an IRI, not a URL. To convert to URL,
 * feed the result of this function to iri_to_url()
 *
 * @param string $iri The IRI to sanitize.
 * @return string|bool The sanitized version of the IRI
 */
function sanitize_iri($iri)
{
	// Encode any non-ASCII characters (but not space or control characters of any sort)
	$iri = preg_replace_callback('~[^\x00-\x7F\pZ\pC]~u', function($matches)
	{
		return rawurlencode($matches[0]);
	}, $iri);

	// Perform normal sanitization
	$iri = filter_var($iri, FILTER_SANITIZE_URL);

	// Decode the non-ASCII characters
	$iri = rawurldecode($iri);

	return $iri;
}

/**
 * Converts a URL with international characters (an IRI) into a pure ASCII URL
 *
 * Uses Punycode to encode any non-ASCII characters in the domain name, and uses
 * standard URL encoding on the rest.
 *
 * @param string $iri A IRI that may or may not contain non-ASCII characters.
 * @return string|bool The URL version of the IRI.
 */
function iri_to_url($iri)
{
	global $sourcedir;

	$host = parse_url((strpos($iri, '://') === false ? 'http://' : '') . ltrim($iri, ':/'), PHP_URL_HOST);

	if (empty($host))
		return $iri;

	// Convert the domain using the Punycode algorithm
	require_once($sourcedir . '/Class-Punycode.php');
	$Punycode = new Punycode();
	$encoded_host = $Punycode->encode($host);
	$pos = strpos($iri, $host);
	$iri = substr_replace($iri, $encoded_host, $pos, strlen($host));

	// Encode any disallowed characters in the rest of the URL
	$unescaped = array(
		'%21' => '!', '%23' => '#', '%24' => '$', '%26' => '&',
		'%27' => "'", '%28' => '(', '%29' => ')', '%2A' => '*',
		'%2B' => '+', '%2C' => ',', '%2F' => '/', '%3A' => ':',
		'%3B' => ';', '%3D' => '=', '%3F' => '?', '%40' => '@',
		'%25' => '%',
	);
	$iri = strtr(rawurlencode($iri), $unescaped);

	return $iri;
}

/**
 * Decodes a URL containing encoded international characters to UTF-8
 *
 * Decodes any Punycode encoded characters in the domain name, then uses
 * standard URL decoding on the rest.
 *
 * @param string $url The pure ASCII version of a URL.
 * @return string|bool The UTF-8 version of the URL.
 */
function url_to_iri($url)
{
	global $sourcedir;

	$host = parse_url((strpos($url, '://') === false ? 'http://' : '') . ltrim($url, ':/'), PHP_URL_HOST);

	if (empty($host))
		return $url;

	// Decode the domain from Punycode
	require_once($sourcedir . '/Class-Punycode.php');
	$Punycode = new Punycode();
	$decoded_host = $Punycode->decode($host);
	$pos = strpos($url, $host);
	$url = substr_replace($url, $decoded_host, $pos, strlen($host));

	// Decode the rest of the URL
	$url = rawurldecode($url);

	return $url;
}

/**
 * Ensures SMF's scheduled tasks are being run as intended
 *
 * If the admin activated the cron_is_real_cron setting, but the cron job is
 * not running things at least once per day, we need to go back to SMF's default
 * behaviour using "web cron" JavaScript calls.
 */
function check_cron()
{
	global $modSettings, $smcFunc, $txt;

	if (!empty($modSettings['cron_is_real_cron']) && time() - @intval($modSettings['cron_last_checked']) > 84600)
	{
		$request = $smcFunc['db_query']('', '
			SELECT COUNT(*)
			FROM {db_prefix}scheduled_tasks
			WHERE disabled = {int:not_disabled}
				AND next_time < {int:yesterday}',
			array(
				'not_disabled' => 0,
				'yesterday' => time() - 84600,
			)
		);
		list($overdue) = $smcFunc['db_fetch_row']($request);
		$smcFunc['db_free_result']($request);

		// If we have tasks more than a day overdue, cron isn't doing its job.
		if (!empty($overdue))
		{
			loadLanguage('ManageScheduledTasks');
			log_error($txt['cron_not_working']);
			updateSettings(array('cron_is_real_cron' => 0));
		}
		else
			updateSettings(array('cron_last_checked' => time()));
	}
}

/**
 * Sends an appropriate HTTP status header based on a given status code
 *
 * @param int $code The status code
 * @param string $status The string for the status. Set automatically if not provided.
 */
function send_http_status($code, $status = '')
{
	$statuses = array(
		206 => 'Partial Content',
		304 => 'Not Modified',
		400 => 'Bad Request',
		403 => 'Forbidden',
		404 => 'Not Found',
		410 => 'Gone',
		500 => 'Internal Server Error',
		503 => 'Service Unavailable',
	);

	$protocol = preg_match('~^\s*(HTTP/[12]\.\d)\s*$~i', $_SERVER['SERVER_PROTOCOL'], $matches) ? $matches[1] : 'HTTP/1.0';

	if (!isset($statuses[$code]) && empty($status))
		header($protocol . ' 500 Internal Server Error');
	else
		header($protocol . ' ' . $code . ' ' . (!empty($status) ? $status : $statuses[$code]));
}

/**
 * Concatenates an array of strings into a grammatically correct sentence list
 *
 * Uses formats defined in the language files to build the list appropropriately
 * for the currently loaded language.
 *
 * @param array $list An array of strings to concatenate.
 * @return string The localized sentence list.
 */
function sentence_list($list)
{
	global $txt;

	// Make sure the bare necessities are defined
	if (empty($txt['sentence_list_format']['n']))
		$txt['sentence_list_format']['n'] = '{series}';
	if (!isset($txt['sentence_list_separator']))
		$txt['sentence_list_separator'] = ', ';
	if (!isset($txt['sentence_list_separator_alt']))
		$txt['sentence_list_separator_alt'] = '; ';

	// Which format should we use?
	if (isset($txt['sentence_list_format'][count($list)]))
		$format = $txt['sentence_list_format'][count($list)];
	else
		$format = $txt['sentence_list_format']['n'];

	// Do we want the normal separator or the alternate?
	$separator = $txt['sentence_list_separator'];
	foreach ($list as $item)
	{
		if (strpos($item, $separator) !== false)
		{
			$separator = $txt['sentence_list_separator_alt'];
			$format = strtr($format, trim($txt['sentence_list_separator']), trim($separator));
			break;
		}
	}

	$replacements = array();

	// Special handling for the last items on the list
	$i = 0;
	while (empty($done))
	{
		if (strpos($format, '{'. --$i . '}') !== false)
			$replacements['{'. $i . '}'] = array_pop($list);
		else
			$done = true;
	}
	unset($done);

	// Special handling for the first items on the list
	$i = 0;
	while (empty($done))
	{
		if (strpos($format, '{'. ++$i . '}') !== false)
			$replacements['{'. $i . '}'] = array_shift($list);
		else
			$done = true;
	}
	unset($done);

	// Whatever is left
	$replacements['{series}'] = implode($separator, $list);

	// Do the deed
	return strtr($format, $replacements);
}

/**
 * Truncate an array to a specified length
 *
 * @param array $array The array to truncate
 * @param int $max_length The upperbound on the length
 * @param int $deep How levels in an multidimensional array should the function take into account.
 * @return array The truncated array
 */
function truncate_array($array, $max_length = 1900, $deep = 3)
{
    $array = (array) $array;

    $curr_length = array_length($array, $deep);

    if ($curr_length <= $max_length)
        return $array;

    else
    {
        // Truncate each element's value to a reasonable length
        $param_max = floor($max_length / count($array));

        $current_deep = $deep - 1;

        foreach ($array as $key => &$value)
        {
            if (is_array($value))
                if ($current_deep > 0)
                    $value = truncate_array($value, $current_deep);

            else
                $value = substr($value, 0, $param_max - strlen($key) - 5);
                $value = substr(/** @scrutinizer ignore-type */ $value, 0, $param_max - strlen($key) - 5);
        }

        return $array;
    }
}

/**
 * array_length Recursive
 * @param $array
 * @param int $deep How many levels should the function
 * @return int
 */
function array_length($array, $deep = 3)
{
    // Work with arrays
    $array = (array) $array;
    $length = 0;

    $deep_count = $deep - 1;

    foreach ($array as $value)
    {
        // Recursive?
        if (is_array($value))
        {
            // No can't do
            if ($deep_count <= 0)
                continue;

            $length += array_length($value, $deep_count);
        }

        else
            $length += strlen($value);
    }

    return $length;
}

?>
albertlast / SMF2.1

Push — release-2.1 ( 8f939c...c09c8c )

text2words() C

Complexity

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Duplication

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