Complex classes like ZohoClient often do a lot of different things. To break such a class down, we need to identify a cohesive component within that class. A common approach to find such a component is to look for fields/methods that share the same prefixes, or suffixes. You can also have a look at the cohesion graph to spot any un-connected, or weakly-connected components.
Once you have determined the fields that belong together, you can apply the Extract Class refactoring. If the component makes sense as a sub-class, Extract Subclass is also a candidate, and is often faster.
While breaking up the class, it is a good idea to analyze how other classes use ZohoClient, and based on these observations, apply Extract Interface, too.
| 1 | <?php |
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| 14 | class ZohoClient |
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| 15 | { |
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| 16 | /** |
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| 17 | * URL for call request. |
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| 18 | * |
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| 19 | * @var string |
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| 20 | */ |
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| 21 | const BASE_URI = 'https://crm.zoho.com/crm/private'; |
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| 22 | |||
| 23 | /** |
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| 24 | * Token used for session of request. |
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| 25 | * |
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| 26 | * @var string |
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| 27 | */ |
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| 28 | protected $authtoken; |
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| 29 | |||
| 30 | /** |
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| 31 | * Instance of the client. |
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| 32 | * |
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| 33 | * @var Client |
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| 34 | */ |
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| 35 | protected $zohoRestClient; |
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| 36 | |||
| 37 | /** |
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| 38 | * Format selected for get request. |
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| 39 | * |
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| 40 | * @var string |
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| 41 | */ |
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| 42 | protected $format; |
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| 43 | |||
| 44 | /** |
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| 45 | * Module selected for get request. |
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| 46 | * |
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| 47 | * @var string |
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| 48 | */ |
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| 49 | protected $module; |
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| 50 | |||
| 51 | /** |
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| 52 | * Construct. |
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| 53 | * |
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| 54 | * @param string $authtoken Token for connection |
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| 55 | * @param Client $zohoRestClient Guzzl Client for connection [optional] |
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| 56 | */ |
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| 57 | public function __construct($authtoken, Client $zohoRestClient = null) |
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| 64 | |||
| 65 | /** |
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| 66 | * Implements convertLead API method. |
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| 67 | * |
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| 68 | * @param $leadId |
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| 69 | * @param $data |
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| 70 | * @param array $params |
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| 71 | * |
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| 72 | * @return Response The Response object |
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| 73 | * |
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| 74 | * @throws ZohoCRMResponseException |
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| 75 | */ |
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| 76 | public function convertLead($leadId, $data, $params = array()) |
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| 84 | |||
| 85 | /** |
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| 86 | * Implements getFields API method. |
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| 87 | * |
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| 88 | * @return Response The Response object |
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| 89 | */ |
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| 90 | public function getFields($module) |
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| 96 | |||
| 97 | /** |
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| 98 | * Implements deleteRecords API method. |
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| 99 | * |
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| 100 | * @param string $module |
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| 101 | * @param string $id Id of the record |
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| 102 | * |
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| 103 | * @return Response The Response object |
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| 104 | * |
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| 105 | * @throws ZohoCRMResponseException |
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| 106 | */ |
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| 107 | public function deleteRecords($module, $id) |
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| 108 | { |
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| 109 | $params = array( |
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| 110 | 'id' => $id, |
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| 111 | 'newFormat' => 1, |
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| 112 | ); |
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| 113 | |||
| 114 | return $this->call($module, 'deleteRecords', $params); |
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| 115 | } |
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| 116 | |||
| 117 | /** |
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| 118 | * Implements getRecordById API method. |
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| 119 | * |
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| 120 | * @param string $module The module to use |
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| 121 | * @param string $id Id of the record or a list of IDs separated by a semicolon |
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| 122 | * |
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| 123 | * @return Response The Response object |
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| 124 | * |
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| 125 | * @throws ZohoCRMResponseException |
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| 126 | */ |
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| 127 | public function getRecordById($module, $id) |
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| 138 | |||
| 139 | /** |
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| 140 | * Implements getRecords API method. |
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| 141 | * |
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| 142 | * @param $module |
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| 143 | * @param $sortColumnString |
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| 144 | * @param $sortOrderString |
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| 145 | * @param \DateTime $lastModifiedTime |
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| 146 | * @param $selectColumns |
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| 147 | * @param $fromIndex |
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| 148 | * @param $toIndex |
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| 149 | * |
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| 150 | * @return Response The Response object |
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| 151 | * |
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| 152 | * @throws ZohoCRMResponseException |
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| 153 | */ |
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| 154 | public function getRecords($module, $sortColumnString = null, $sortOrderString = null, \DateTimeInterface $lastModifiedTime = null, $selectColumns = null, $fromIndex = null, $toIndex = null) |
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| 155 | { |
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| 156 | $params['newFormat'] = 1; |
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| 157 | $params['version'] = 1; |
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| 158 | if ($selectColumns) { |
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| 159 | $params['selectColumns'] = $selectColumns; |
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| 160 | } |
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| 161 | if ($fromIndex) { |
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| 162 | $params['fromIndex'] = $fromIndex; |
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| 163 | } |
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| 164 | if ($toIndex) { |
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| 165 | $params['toIndex'] = $toIndex; |
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| 166 | } |
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| 167 | if ($sortColumnString) { |
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| 168 | $params['sortColumnString'] = $sortColumnString; |
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| 169 | } |
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| 170 | if ($sortOrderString) { |
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| 171 | $params['sortOrderString'] = $sortOrderString; |
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| 172 | } |
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| 173 | if ($lastModifiedTime) { |
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| 174 | $params['lastModifiedTime'] = $lastModifiedTime->format('Y-m-d H:i:s'); |
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| 175 | } |
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| 176 | |||
| 177 | return $this->call($module, 'getRecords', $params); |
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| 178 | } |
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| 179 | |||
| 180 | /** |
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| 181 | * Implements getDeletedRecordIds API method. |
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| 182 | |||
| 183 | * |
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| 184 | * @param string $module |
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| 185 | * @param \DateTimeInterface $lastModifiedTime |
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| 186 | * @param int $fromIndex |
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| 187 | * @param int $toIndex |
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| 188 | * |
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| 189 | * @return Response |
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| 190 | * |
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| 191 | * @throws ZohoCRMResponseException |
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| 192 | */ |
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| 193 | public function getDeletedRecordIds($module, \DateTimeInterface $lastModifiedTime = null, $fromIndex = null, $toIndex = null) |
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| 194 | { |
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| 195 | $params = []; |
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| 196 | if ($fromIndex) { |
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| 197 | $params['fromIndex'] = $fromIndex; |
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| 198 | } |
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| 199 | if ($toIndex) { |
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| 200 | $params['toIndex'] = $toIndex; |
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| 201 | } |
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| 202 | if ($lastModifiedTime) { |
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| 203 | $params['lastModifiedTime'] = $lastModifiedTime->format('Y-m-d H:i:s'); |
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| 204 | } |
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| 205 | |||
| 206 | return $this->call($module, 'getDeletedRecordIds', $params); |
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| 207 | } |
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| 208 | |||
| 209 | /** |
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| 210 | * Implements getRecords API method. |
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| 211 | * |
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| 212 | * @param $module |
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| 213 | * @param $id |
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| 214 | * @param $parentModule |
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| 215 | * @param null $fromIndex |
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| 216 | * @param null $toIndex |
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| 217 | * |
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| 218 | * @return Response |
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| 219 | * |
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| 220 | * @throws ZohoCRMResponseException |
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| 221 | */ |
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| 222 | public function getRelatedRecords($module, $id, $parentModule, $fromIndex = null, $toIndex = null) |
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| 223 | { |
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| 224 | $params['id'] = $id; |
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| 225 | $params['parentModule'] = $parentModule; |
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| 226 | $params['newFormat'] = 1; |
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| 227 | if ($fromIndex) { |
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| 228 | $params['fromIndex'] = $fromIndex; |
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| 229 | } |
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| 230 | if ($toIndex) { |
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| 231 | $params['toIndex'] = $toIndex; |
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| 232 | } |
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| 233 | |||
| 234 | return $this->call($module, 'getRelatedRecords', $params); |
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| 235 | } |
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| 236 | |||
| 237 | /** |
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| 238 | * Implements searchRecords API method. |
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| 239 | * |
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| 240 | * @param string $module |
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| 241 | * @param string $searchCondition |
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| 242 | * @param int $fromIndex |
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| 243 | * @param int $toIndex |
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| 244 | * @param \DateTime $lastModifiedTime |
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| 245 | * @param null $selectColumns |
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| 246 | * |
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| 247 | * @return Response |
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| 248 | * |
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| 249 | * @throws ZohoCRMResponseException |
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| 250 | */ |
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| 251 | public function searchRecords($module, $searchCondition = null, $fromIndex = null, $toIndex = null, $lastModifiedTime = null, $selectColumns = null) |
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| 275 | |||
| 276 | /** |
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| 277 | * Implements getUsers API method. |
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| 278 | * |
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| 279 | * @param string $type The type of users you want retrieve (among AllUsers, ActiveUsers, DeactiveUsers, AdminUsers and ActiveConfirmedAdmins) |
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| 280 | * |
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| 281 | * @return Response The array of Zoho Beans parsed from the response |
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| 282 | * |
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| 283 | * @throws ZohoCRMResponseException |
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| 284 | */ |
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| 285 | public function getUsers($type = 'AllUsers') |
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| 286 | { |
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| 287 | switch ($type) { |
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| 288 | case 'AllUsers': |
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| 289 | case 'ActiveUsers': |
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| 290 | case 'DeactiveUsers': |
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| 291 | case 'AdminUsers': |
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| 292 | case 'ActiveConfirmedAdmins': |
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| 293 | $params['type'] = $type; |
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| 294 | break; |
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| 295 | default : |
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| 296 | $params['type'] = 'AllUsers'; |
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| 297 | break; |
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| 298 | } |
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| 299 | $params['newFormat'] = 1; |
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| 300 | |||
| 301 | return $this->call('Users', 'getUsers', $params); |
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| 302 | } |
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| 303 | |||
| 304 | /** |
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| 305 | * Implements insertRecords API method. |
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| 306 | * |
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| 307 | * @param $module |
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| 308 | * @param \SimpleXMLElement$xmlData |
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| 309 | * @param bool $wfTrigger |
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| 310 | * @param int $duplicateCheck |
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| 311 | * @param bool $isApproval |
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| 312 | * |
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| 313 | * @return Response |
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| 314 | * |
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| 315 | * @throws ZohoCRMResponseException |
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| 316 | */ |
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| 317 | public function insertRecords($module, $xmlData, $wfTrigger = null, $duplicateCheck = null, $isApproval = null, $version = 4, $newFormat = 2) |
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| 318 | { |
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| 319 | if ($wfTrigger) { |
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| 320 | $params['wfTrigger'] = 'true'; |
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| 321 | } |
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| 322 | if ($duplicateCheck) { |
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| 323 | $params['duplicateCheck'] = $duplicateCheck; |
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| 324 | } |
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| 325 | if ($isApproval) { |
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| 326 | $params['isApproval'] = 'true'; |
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| 327 | } |
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| 328 | $params['newFormat'] = $newFormat; |
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| 329 | $params['version'] = $version; |
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| 330 | |||
| 331 | return $this->call($module, 'insertRecords', $params, ['xmlData' => $xmlData->asXML()]); |
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| 332 | } |
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| 333 | |||
| 334 | /** |
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| 335 | * Implements updateRecords API method. |
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| 336 | * |
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| 337 | * @param $module |
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| 338 | * @param \SimpleXMLElement $xmlData |
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| 339 | * @param string $id |
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| 340 | * @param bool $wfTrigger |
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| 341 | * |
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| 342 | * @return Response |
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| 343 | * |
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| 344 | * @throws ZohoCRMResponseException |
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| 345 | */ |
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| 346 | public function updateRecords($module, $xmlData, $id = null, $wfTrigger = null, $version = 4, $newFormat = 2) |
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| 347 | { |
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| 348 | $params['newFormat'] = $newFormat; |
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| 349 | $params['version'] = $version; |
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| 350 | if ($wfTrigger) { |
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| 351 | $params['wfTrigger'] = 'true'; |
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| 352 | } |
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| 353 | if ($id) { |
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| 354 | $params['id'] = $id; |
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| 355 | } |
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| 356 | |||
| 357 | return $this->call($module, 'updateRecords', $params, ['xmlData' => $xmlData->asXML()]); |
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| 358 | } |
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| 359 | |||
| 360 | /** |
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| 361 | * Implements uploadFile API method. |
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| 362 | * |
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| 363 | * @param $module |
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| 364 | * @param $id |
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| 365 | * @param $content |
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| 366 | * |
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| 367 | * @return Response |
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| 368 | * |
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| 369 | * @throws ZohoCRMResponseException |
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| 370 | */ |
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| 371 | public function uploadFile($module, $id, $content) |
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| 372 | { |
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| 373 | $params['id'] = $id; |
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| 374 | $params['content'] = $content; |
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| 375 | |||
| 376 | return $this->call($module, 'uploadFile', $params); |
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| 377 | } |
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| 378 | |||
| 379 | /** |
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| 380 | * Implements downloadFile API method. |
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| 381 | * |
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| 382 | * @param $module |
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| 383 | * @param $id |
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| 384 | * |
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| 385 | * @return Response |
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| 386 | * |
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| 387 | * @throws ZohoCRMResponseException |
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| 388 | */ |
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| 389 | public function downloadFile($module, $id) |
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| 395 | |||
| 396 | /** |
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| 397 | * Returns a list of modules from Zoho. |
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| 398 | */ |
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| 399 | public function getModules() |
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| 403 | |||
| 404 | /** |
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| 405 | * Make the call using the client. |
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| 406 | * |
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| 407 | * @param string $module The module to use |
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| 408 | * @param string $command Command to call |
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| 409 | * @param array $params Options |
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| 410 | * @param \SimpleXMLElement|string $data Data to send [optional] |
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| 411 | * @param array $options Options to add for configurations [optional] |
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| 412 | * |
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| 413 | * @return Response |
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| 414 | */ |
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| 415 | public function call($module, $command, $getParams = array(), $postParams = array()) |
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| 416 | { |
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| 417 | $getParams['authtoken'] = $this->authtoken; |
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| 418 | $getParams['scope'] = 'crmapi'; |
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| 419 | |||
| 420 | $uri = $this->getRequestURI($module, $command); |
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| 421 | if(isset($postParams['xmlData'])){ |
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| 422 | $postParams[]=[ |
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| 423 | 'name' => 'xmlData', |
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| 424 | 'contents' => $postParams['xmlData'] |
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| 425 | ]; |
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| 426 | unset($postParams['xmlData']); |
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| 427 | } |
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| 428 | |||
| 429 | $response = $this->zohoRestClient->request('POST', $uri, ['query'=>$getParams,'multipart'=> $postParams]); |
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| 430 | $zohoResponse = new Response((string)$response->getBody(), $module, $command); |
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| 431 | if ($zohoResponse->ifSuccess()) { |
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| 432 | return $zohoResponse; |
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| 433 | } else { |
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| 434 | throw new ZohoCRMResponseException($zohoResponse); |
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| 435 | } |
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| 436 | } |
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| 437 | |||
| 438 | /** |
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| 439 | * Get the current request uri. |
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| 440 | * |
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| 441 | * @param $module The module to use |
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| 442 | * @param string $command Command for get uri |
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| 443 | * |
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| 444 | * @return string |
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| 445 | */ |
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| 446 | protected function getRequestURI($module, $command) |
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| 455 | } |
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| 456 |
Adding an explicit array definition is generally preferable to implicit array definition as it guarantees a stable state of the code.
Let’s take a look at an example:
As you can see in this example, the array
$myArrayis initialized the first time when the foreach loop is entered. You can also see that the value of thebarkey is only written conditionally; thus, its value might result from a previous iteration.This might or might not be intended. To make your intention clear, your code more readible and to avoid accidental bugs, we recommend to add an explicit initialization $myArray = array() either outside or inside the foreach loop.