| 
                    1
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                # Licensed to the StackStorm, Inc ('StackStorm') under one or more | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    2
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                # contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    3
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                # this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    4
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                # The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    5
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                # (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    6
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                # the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    7
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                #  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    8
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                #     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    9
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                #  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    10
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    11
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    12
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    13
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    14
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                # limitations under the License.  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    15
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                 | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    16
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                import uuid  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    17
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                 | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    18
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                from webob.headers import ResponseHeaders  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    19
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                 | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    20
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                from st2common.constants.api import REQUEST_ID_HEADER  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    21
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                from st2common.router import Request  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    22
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                 | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    23
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                 | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    24
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                class RequestIDMiddleware(object):  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    25
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                    def __init__(self, app):  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    26
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                        self.app = app  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                                                                
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    27
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                 | 
            
            
                                                        
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    28
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                    def __call__(self, environ, start_response):  | 
            
            
                                                        
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    29
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                        # The middleware adds unique `X-Request-ID` header on the requests that don't have it and  | 
            
            
                                                        
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    30
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                        # modifies the responses to have the same exact header as their request. The middleware  | 
            
            
                                                        
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    31
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                        # helps us better track relation between request and response in places where it might not  | 
            
            
                                                        
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    32
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                        # be immediately obvious (like logs for example). In general, you want to place this header  | 
            
            
                                                        
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    33
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                        # as soon as possible to ensure it's present by the time it's needed. Certainly before  | 
            
            
                                                        
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    34
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                        # LoggingMiddleware which relies on this header.  | 
            
            
                                                        
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    35
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                        request = Request(environ)  | 
            
            
                                                        
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    36
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                 | 
            
            
                                                        
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    37
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                        if not request.headers.get(REQUEST_ID_HEADER, None):  | 
            
            
                                                        
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    38
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                            req_id = str(uuid.uuid4())  | 
            
            
                                                        
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    39
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                            request.headers[REQUEST_ID_HEADER] = req_id  | 
            
            
                                                        
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    40
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                 | 
            
            
                                                        
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    41
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                        def custom_start_response(status, headers, exc_info=None):  | 
            
            
                                                        
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    42
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                            headers = ResponseHeaders(headers)  | 
            
            
                                                        
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    43
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                 | 
            
            
                                                        
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    44
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                            req_id_header = request.headers.get(REQUEST_ID_HEADER, None)  | 
            
            
                                                        
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    45
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                            if req_id_header:  | 
            
            
                                                        
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    46
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                                headers[REQUEST_ID_HEADER] = req_id_header  | 
            
            
                                                        
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    47
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                 | 
            
            
                                                        
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    48
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                            return start_response(status, headers._items, exc_info)  | 
            
                            
                    | 
                        
                     | 
                     | 
                     | 
                    
                                                                                                    
                        
                         
                                                                                        
                                                                                     
                     | 
                
            
                                                        
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    49
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                 | 
            
            
                                                        
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    50
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                        return self.app(environ, custom_start_response)  | 
            
            
                                                        
            
                                    
            
            
                | 
                    51
                 | 
                                    
                                                     | 
                
                 | 
                 | 
            
            
                        
Prefixing a member variable
_is usually regarded as the equivalent of declaring it with protected visibility that exists in other languages. Consequentially, such a member should only be accessed from the same class or a child class: