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                <?php  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                namespace Surfnet\StepupGateway\Behat\Repository;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                use Exception;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                use PDO;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                use Ramsey\Uuid\Uuid;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                /**  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                 * A poor mans repository, a pdo connection to the test database is established in the constructor  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                                                                
            
                                    
            
            
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                 */  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                class SamlEntityRepository  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                { | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    const SP_ACS_LOCATION = 'https://gateway.stepup.example.com/test/authentication/consume-assertion';  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    /**  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     * @var Connection  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                     */  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    private $connection;  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    public function __construct(Connection $connection)  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $this->connection = $connection;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                                                                
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                                        
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    public function createSpIfNotExists($entityId, $certificate, $sfoEnabled = false)  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                    { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        // Does the SP exist?  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $stmt = $this->connection->prepare('SELECT * FROM saml_entity WHERE entity_id=:entityId LIMIT 1'); | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $stmt->bindParam('entityId', $entityId, PDO::PARAM_STR); | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        $stmt->execute();  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        if ($stmt->rowCount() === 0) { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            // If not, create it  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            $uuid = Uuid::uuid4()->toString();  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            $type = 'sp';  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            $configuration['acs'] = [self::SP_ACS_LOCATION];  | 
            
                            
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                            $configuration['public_key'] = $certificate;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            $configuration['loa'] = ['__default__' => 'http://stepup.example.com/assurance/loa1'];  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            $configuration['second_factor_only'] = $sfoEnabled;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            $configuration['second_factor_only_nameid_patterns'] = [  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                                'urn:collab:person:stepup.example.com:admin',  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                                'urn:collab:person:stepup.example.com:*',  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            ];  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            $data = [  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                                'entityId' => $entityId,  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                                'type' => $type,  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                                'configuration' => json_encode($configuration),  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                                'id' => $uuid,  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            ];  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            $sql = <<<SQL  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            INSERT INTO saml_entity (  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                                `entity_id`,  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                                `type`,  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                                `configuration`,  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                                `id`  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            )  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            VALUES (  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                                :entityId,   | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                                :type,   | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                                :configuration,   | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                                :id                  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            )  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                SQL;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            $stmt = $this->connection->prepare($sql);  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            if ($stmt->execute($data)) { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                                return $data;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            throw new Exception('Unable to insert the new SP saml_entity'); | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        } else { | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            // Return the SP data  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            $results = reset($stmt->fetchAll());  | 
            
                            
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                            $data = [  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                                'entityId' => $results['entity_id'],  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                                'type' => $results['type'],  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                                'configuration' => $results['configuration'],  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                                'id' => $results['id'],  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            ];  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                            return $data;  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                            
            
                                    
            
            
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                        }  | 
            
            
                                                                                                            
                                                                
            
                                    
            
            
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                    }  | 
            
            
                                                        
            
                                    
            
            
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                }  | 
            
            
                                                        
            
                                    
            
            
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Adding an explicit array definition is generally preferable to implicit array definition as it guarantees a stable state of the code.
Let’s take a look at an example:
As you can see in this example, the array
$myArrayis initialized the first time when the foreach loop is entered. You can also see that the value of thebarkey is only written conditionally; thus, its value might result from a previous iteration.This might or might not be intended. To make your intention clear, your code more readible and to avoid accidental bugs, we recommend to add an explicit initialization $myArray = array() either outside or inside the foreach loop.