Duplicate code is one of the most pungent code smells. A rule that is often used is to re-structure code once it is duplicated in three or more places.
Common duplication problems, and corresponding solutions are:
Complex classes like Base often do a lot of different things. To break such a class down, we need to identify a cohesive component within that class. A common approach to find such a component is to look for fields/methods that share the same prefixes, or suffixes. You can also have a look at the cohesion graph to spot any un-connected, or weakly-connected components.
Once you have determined the fields that belong together, you can apply the Extract Class refactoring. If the component makes sense as a sub-class, Extract Subclass is also a candidate, and is often faster.
While breaking up the class, it is a good idea to analyze how other classes use Base, and based on these observations, apply Extract Interface, too.
| 1 | <?php |
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| 10 | class Base { |
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| 11 | private $sError = ''; |
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| 12 | private $sCronError = ''; |
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| 13 | protected $table = ''; |
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| 14 | private $values = array(), $types = ''; |
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| 15 | |||
| 16 | public function getTableName() { |
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| 19 | |||
| 20 | protected $debug; |
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| 21 | public function setDebug($debug) { |
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| 30 | |||
| 31 | public $log; |
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| 32 | public function setLog($log) { |
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| 35 | |||
| 36 | protected $mysqli; |
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| 37 | public function setMysql($mysqli) { |
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| 49 | /** |
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| 50 | * @var Smarty |
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| 51 | */ |
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| 52 | var $smarty; |
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| 53 | public function setSmarty($smarty) { |
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| 65 | |||
| 66 | protected $aErrorCodes; |
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| 67 | public function setErrorCodes(&$aErrorCodes) { |
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| 121 | /** |
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| 122 | * Additional information in error string for cronjobs logging |
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| 123 | **/ |
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| 124 | public function getCronError() { |
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| 127 | |||
| 128 | /** |
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| 129 | * Get error message from error code array |
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| 130 | * @param errCode string Error code string |
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| 131 | * @param optional string Optional addtitional error strings to append |
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| 132 | * @retrun string Error Message |
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| 133 | **/ |
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| 134 | public function getErrorMsg($errCode='') { |
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| 150 | |||
| 151 | /** |
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| 152 | * Fetch count of all entries in table |
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| 153 | * @param none |
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| 154 | * @param data mixed Count or false |
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| 155 | **/ |
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| 156 | public function getCount() { |
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| 163 | |||
| 164 | /** |
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| 165 | * Fetch count of all entries in table filtered by a column/value |
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| 166 | * @param none |
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| 167 | * @param data mixed Count or false |
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| 168 | **/ |
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| 169 | public function getCountFiltered($column='id', $value=NULL, $type='i', $operator = '=') { |
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| 176 | |||
| 177 | /** |
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| 178 | * Fetch all entries as an assoc array from a table |
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| 179 | * This should, in general, not be used but sometimes it's just easier |
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| 180 | * @param none |
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| 181 | * @return array Assoc array of all rows found in table |
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| 182 | **/ |
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| 183 | View Code Duplication | public function getAllAssoc() { |
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| 190 | |||
| 191 | /** |
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| 192 | * Get a single row as an assoc array |
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| 193 | * @param value string Value to search for |
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| 194 | * @param field string Column to search for |
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| 195 | * @param type string Type of value |
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| 196 | * @return array Resulting row |
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| 197 | **/ |
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| 198 | protected function getSingleAssoc($value, $field='id', $type='i') { |
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| 205 | |||
| 206 | /** |
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| 207 | * Get a single value from a row matching the query specified |
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| 208 | * @param value string Value to search for |
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| 209 | * @param search Return column to search for |
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| 210 | * @param field string Search column |
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| 211 | * @param type string Type of value |
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| 212 | * @param lower bool try with LOWER comparision |
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| 213 | * @return array Return result |
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| 214 | **/ |
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| 215 | protected function getSingle($value, $search='id', $field='id', $type="i", $lower=false) { |
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| 231 | |||
| 232 | /** |
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| 233 | * Check if the prepared statement is valid |
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| 234 | * @param $bState Statement return value |
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| 235 | * @return bool true or false |
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| 236 | **/ |
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| 237 | function checkStmt($bState) { |
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| 243 | |||
| 244 | /** |
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| 245 | * Catch SQL errors with this method |
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| 246 | * @param error_code string Error code to read |
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| 247 | **/ |
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| 248 | protected function sqlError($error_code='E0020') { |
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| 261 | |||
| 262 | /** |
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| 263 | * @param userID int Account ID |
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| 264 | * Update a single row in a table |
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| 265 | * @param field string Field to update |
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| 266 | * @return bool |
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| 267 | **/ |
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| 268 | protected function updateSingle($id, $field, $table='') { |
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| 277 | |||
| 278 | /** |
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| 279 | * We may need to generate our bind_param list |
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| 280 | **/ |
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| 281 | public function addParam($type, &$value) { |
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| 285 | public function getParam() { |
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| 286 | $array = array_merge(array($this->types), $this->values); |
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| 287 | // Clear the data |
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| 288 | $this->values = NULL; |
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| 289 | $this->types = NULL; |
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| 290 | // See here why we need this: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/16120822/mysqli-bind-param-expected-to-be-a-reference-value-given |
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| 291 | if (strnatcmp(phpversion(),'5.3') >= 0) { |
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| 292 | $refs = array(); |
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| 293 | foreach($array as $key => $value) |
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| 294 | $refs[$key] = &$array[$key]; |
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| 295 | return $refs; |
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| 296 | } |
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| 297 | return $array; |
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| 298 | } |
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| 299 | } |
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| 300 |
In PHP it is possible to write to properties without declaring them. For example, the following is perfectly valid PHP code:
Generally, it is a good practice to explictly declare properties to avoid accidental typos and provide IDE auto-completion: