|
1
|
|
|
<?php |
|
2
|
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
|
namespace Samsara\Fermat\Provider; |
|
4
|
|
|
|
|
5
|
|
|
use Samsara\Exceptions\SystemError\LogicalError\IncompatibleObjectState; |
|
6
|
|
|
use Samsara\Exceptions\UsageError\IntegrityConstraint; |
|
7
|
|
|
use Samsara\Fermat\Numbers; |
|
8
|
|
|
use Samsara\Fermat\Types\Base\Interfaces\Numbers\DecimalInterface; |
|
9
|
|
|
use Samsara\Fermat\Types\Base\Interfaces\Numbers\NumberInterface; |
|
10
|
|
|
use Samsara\Fermat\Values\ImmutableDecimal; |
|
11
|
|
|
|
|
12
|
|
|
class SequenceProvider |
|
13
|
|
|
{ |
|
14
|
|
|
|
|
15
|
|
|
const EULER_ZIGZAG = [ |
|
16
|
|
|
'1', // 0 |
|
17
|
|
|
'1', // 1 |
|
18
|
|
|
'1', // 2 |
|
19
|
|
|
'2', // 3 |
|
20
|
|
|
'5', // 4 |
|
21
|
|
|
'16', // 5 |
|
22
|
|
|
'61', // 6 |
|
23
|
|
|
'272', // 7 |
|
24
|
|
|
'1385', // 8 |
|
25
|
|
|
'7936', // 9 |
|
26
|
|
|
'50521', // 10 |
|
27
|
|
|
'353792', // 11 |
|
28
|
|
|
'2702765', // 12 |
|
29
|
|
|
'22368256', // 13 |
|
30
|
|
|
'199360981', // 14 |
|
31
|
|
|
'1903757312', // 15 |
|
32
|
|
|
'19391512145', // 16 |
|
33
|
|
|
'209865342976', // 17 |
|
34
|
|
|
'2404879675441', // 18 |
|
35
|
|
|
'29088885112832', // 19 |
|
36
|
|
|
'370371188237525', // 20 |
|
37
|
|
|
'4951498053124096', // 21 |
|
38
|
|
|
'69348874393137901', // 22 |
|
39
|
|
|
'1015423886506852352', // 23 |
|
40
|
|
|
'15514534163557086905', // 24 |
|
41
|
|
|
'246921480190207983616', // 25 |
|
42
|
|
|
'4087072509293123892361', // 26 |
|
43
|
|
|
'70251601603943959887872', // 27 |
|
44
|
|
|
'1252259641403629865468285', // 28 |
|
45
|
|
|
'23119184187809597841473536', // 29 |
|
46
|
|
|
'441543893249023104553682821', // 30 |
|
47
|
|
|
'8713962757125169296170811392', // 31 |
|
48
|
|
|
'177519391579539289436664789665', // 32 |
|
49
|
|
|
'3729407703720529571097509625856', // 33 |
|
50
|
|
|
'80723299235887898062168247453281', // 34 |
|
51
|
|
|
'1798651693450888780071750349094912', // 35 |
|
52
|
|
|
'41222060339517702122347079671259045', // 36 |
|
53
|
|
|
'970982810785059112379399707952152576', // 37 |
|
54
|
|
|
'23489580527043108252017828576198947741', // 38 |
|
55
|
|
|
'583203324917310043943191641625494290432', // 39 |
|
56
|
|
|
'14851150718114980017877156781405826684425', // 40 |
|
57
|
|
|
'387635983772083031828014624002175135645696', // 41 |
|
58
|
|
|
'10364622733519612119397957304745185976310201', // 42 |
|
59
|
|
|
'283727921907431909304183316295787837183229952', // 43 |
|
60
|
|
|
'7947579422597592703608040510088070619519273805', // 44 |
|
61
|
|
|
'227681379129930886488600284336316164603920777216', // 45 |
|
62
|
|
|
'6667537516685544977435028474773748197524107684661', // 46 |
|
63
|
|
|
'199500252157859031027160499643195658166340757225472', // 47 |
|
64
|
|
|
'6096278645568542158691685742876843153976539044435185', // 48 |
|
65
|
|
|
'190169564657928428175235445073924928592047775873499136', // 49 |
|
66
|
|
|
'6053285248188621896314383785111649088103498225146815121', // 50 |
|
67
|
|
|
]; |
|
68
|
|
|
|
|
69
|
|
|
/** |
|
70
|
|
|
* OEIS: A005408 |
|
71
|
|
|
* |
|
72
|
|
|
* @param $n |
|
73
|
|
|
* |
|
74
|
|
|
* @return DecimalInterface|NumberInterface |
|
75
|
|
|
* @throws IntegrityConstraint |
|
76
|
|
|
*/ |
|
77
|
20 |
|
public static function nthOddNumber($n) |
|
78
|
|
|
{ |
|
79
|
|
|
|
|
80
|
20 |
|
$n = Numbers::makeOrDont(Numbers::IMMUTABLE, $n, 100); |
|
81
|
|
|
|
|
82
|
20 |
|
return $n->multiply(2)->add(1); |
|
83
|
|
|
|
|
84
|
|
|
} |
|
85
|
|
|
|
|
86
|
|
|
/** |
|
87
|
|
|
* OEIS: A005843 |
|
88
|
|
|
* |
|
89
|
|
|
* @param $n |
|
90
|
|
|
* |
|
91
|
|
|
* @return DecimalInterface|NumberInterface |
|
92
|
|
|
* @throws IntegrityConstraint |
|
93
|
|
|
*/ |
|
94
|
17 |
|
public static function nthEvenNumber($n) |
|
95
|
|
|
{ |
|
96
|
|
|
|
|
97
|
17 |
|
$n = Numbers::makeOrDont(Numbers::IMMUTABLE, $n, 100); |
|
98
|
|
|
|
|
99
|
17 |
|
return $n->multiply(2); |
|
100
|
|
|
|
|
101
|
|
|
} |
|
102
|
|
|
|
|
103
|
|
|
/** |
|
104
|
|
|
* OEIS: A033999 |
|
105
|
|
|
* |
|
106
|
|
|
* @param $n |
|
107
|
|
|
* |
|
108
|
|
|
* @return DecimalInterface|NumberInterface |
|
109
|
|
|
* @throws IntegrityConstraint |
|
110
|
|
|
*/ |
|
111
|
17 |
|
public static function nthPowerNegativeOne($n) |
|
112
|
|
|
{ |
|
113
|
|
|
|
|
114
|
17 |
|
$negOne = Numbers::makeOrDont(Numbers::IMMUTABLE, -1, 100); |
|
115
|
17 |
|
$n = Numbers::makeOrDont(Numbers::IMMUTABLE, $n); |
|
116
|
|
|
|
|
117
|
17 |
|
if ($n->modulo(2)->isEqual(0)) { |
|
|
|
|
|
|
118
|
17 |
|
return Numbers::makeOne(); |
|
119
|
|
|
} else { |
|
120
|
17 |
|
return $negOne; |
|
121
|
|
|
} |
|
122
|
|
|
|
|
123
|
|
|
} |
|
124
|
|
|
|
|
125
|
|
|
/** |
|
126
|
|
|
* OEIS: A000111 |
|
127
|
|
|
* |
|
128
|
|
|
* @param $n |
|
129
|
|
|
* |
|
130
|
|
|
* @return DecimalInterface|NumberInterface |
|
131
|
|
|
* @throws IntegrityConstraint |
|
132
|
|
|
* @throws IncompatibleObjectState |
|
133
|
|
|
*/ |
|
134
|
4 |
|
public static function nthEulerZigzag($n) |
|
135
|
|
|
{ |
|
136
|
|
|
|
|
137
|
4 |
|
$n = Numbers::makeOrDont(Numbers::IMMUTABLE, $n, 100); |
|
138
|
|
|
|
|
139
|
4 |
|
if ($n->isGreaterThan(50)) { |
|
|
|
|
|
|
140
|
1 |
|
throw new IntegrityConstraint( |
|
141
|
1 |
|
'$n cannot be larger than 50', |
|
142
|
1 |
|
'Limit your use of the Euler Zigzag Sequence to the 50th index', |
|
143
|
1 |
|
'This library does not support the Euler Zigzag Sequence (OEIS: A000111) beyond E(50)' |
|
144
|
|
|
); |
|
145
|
|
|
} |
|
146
|
|
|
|
|
147
|
4 |
|
return Numbers::make(Numbers::IMMUTABLE, static::EULER_ZIGZAG[$n->asInt()], 100); |
|
|
|
|
|
|
148
|
|
|
|
|
149
|
|
|
} |
|
150
|
|
|
|
|
151
|
|
|
/** |
|
152
|
|
|
* WARNING: This function is VERY unoptimized. Be careful of large m values. |
|
153
|
|
|
* |
|
154
|
|
|
* @param $n |
|
155
|
|
|
* |
|
156
|
|
|
* @return DecimalInterface|NumberInterface |
|
157
|
|
|
* @throws IntegrityConstraint |
|
158
|
|
|
*/ |
|
159
|
1 |
|
public static function nthBernoulliNumber($n) |
|
160
|
|
|
{ |
|
161
|
|
|
|
|
162
|
1 |
|
$n = Numbers::makeOrDont(Numbers::IMMUTABLE, $n, 100); |
|
163
|
|
|
|
|
164
|
1 |
|
if ($n->isEqual(0)) { |
|
165
|
1 |
|
return Numbers::makeOne(); |
|
166
|
1 |
|
} elseif ($n->isEqual(1)) { |
|
167
|
1 |
|
return Numbers::make(Numbers::IMMUTABLE, '0.5', 100); |
|
168
|
|
|
} |
|
169
|
|
|
|
|
170
|
1 |
|
if ($n->isGreaterThan(1) && $n->modulo(2)->isEqual(1)) { |
|
171
|
1 |
|
return Numbers::makeZero(); |
|
172
|
|
|
} |
|
173
|
|
|
|
|
174
|
1 |
|
$b = Numbers::make(Numbers::IMMUTABLE, -1, 100); |
|
175
|
1 |
|
$two = Numbers::make(Numbers::IMMUTABLE, 2, 100); |
|
176
|
1 |
|
$four = Numbers::make(Numbers::IMMUTABLE, 4, 100); |
|
177
|
|
|
|
|
178
|
1 |
|
$b = $b->pow($n->divide(2)->floor()) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
179
|
1 |
|
->multiply($n->divide($two->pow($n)->subtract($four->pow($n)))) |
|
180
|
1 |
|
->multiply(static::nthEulerZigzag($n)); |
|
181
|
|
|
|
|
182
|
1 |
|
return $b; |
|
183
|
|
|
|
|
184
|
|
|
} |
|
185
|
|
|
|
|
186
|
|
|
/** |
|
187
|
|
|
* OEIS: A000045 |
|
188
|
|
|
* |
|
189
|
|
|
* This uses an implementation of the fast-doubling Karatsuba multiplication algorithm as described by 'Nayuki': |
|
190
|
|
|
* |
|
191
|
|
|
* https://www.nayuki.io/page/fast-fibonacci-algorithms |
|
192
|
|
|
* |
|
193
|
|
|
* @param $n |
|
194
|
|
|
* @return ImmutableDecimal |
|
195
|
|
|
* @throws IntegrityConstraint |
|
196
|
|
|
*/ |
|
197
|
3 |
|
public static function nthFibonacciNumber($n): ImmutableDecimal |
|
198
|
|
|
{ |
|
199
|
3 |
|
$n = Numbers::makeOrDont(Numbers::IMMUTABLE, $n); |
|
200
|
3 |
|
if (!$n->isInt()) { |
|
|
|
|
|
|
201
|
1 |
|
throw new IntegrityConstraint( |
|
202
|
1 |
|
'Sequences can only have integer term numbers', |
|
203
|
1 |
|
'Provide a valid term number', |
|
204
|
1 |
|
'The nthFibonacciNumber function takes the term number as its argument; provide an integer term number' |
|
205
|
|
|
); |
|
206
|
|
|
} |
|
207
|
|
|
|
|
208
|
2 |
|
if ($n->isLessThan(0)) { |
|
|
|
|
|
|
209
|
1 |
|
throw new IntegrityConstraint( |
|
210
|
1 |
|
'Negative term numbers not valid for Fibonacci Sequence', |
|
211
|
1 |
|
'Provide a positive term number', |
|
212
|
1 |
|
'A negative term number for the Fibonacci sequence was requested; provide a positive term number' |
|
213
|
|
|
); |
|
214
|
|
|
} |
|
215
|
|
|
|
|
216
|
1 |
|
$fastFib = static::_fib($n); |
|
|
|
|
|
|
217
|
|
|
|
|
218
|
1 |
|
return $fastFib[0]; |
|
219
|
|
|
} |
|
220
|
|
|
|
|
221
|
1 |
|
private static function _fib(ImmutableDecimal $number): array |
|
222
|
|
|
{ |
|
223
|
1 |
|
if ($number->isEqual(0)) { |
|
224
|
1 |
|
return [Numbers::makeZero(), Numbers::makeOne()]; |
|
225
|
|
|
} |
|
226
|
|
|
|
|
227
|
|
|
/** |
|
228
|
|
|
* @var ImmutableDecimal $a |
|
229
|
|
|
* @var ImmutableDecimal $b |
|
230
|
|
|
* @var ImmutableDecimal $prevCall |
|
231
|
|
|
*/ |
|
232
|
1 |
|
$prevCall = $number->divide(2)->floor(); |
|
233
|
1 |
|
list($a, $b) = static::_fib($prevCall); |
|
234
|
1 |
|
$c = $a->multiply($b->multiply(2)->subtract($a)); |
|
235
|
1 |
|
$d = $a->multiply($a)->add($b->multiply($b)); |
|
236
|
1 |
|
if ($number->modulo(2)->isEqual(0)) { |
|
237
|
1 |
|
return [$c, $d]; |
|
238
|
|
|
} else { |
|
239
|
1 |
|
return [$d, $c->add($d)]; |
|
240
|
|
|
} |
|
241
|
|
|
} |
|
242
|
|
|
|
|
243
|
|
|
} |