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<?php |
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namespace DataValues; |
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use InvalidArgumentException; |
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/** |
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* Class representing a quantity with associated unit and uncertainty interval. |
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* The amount is stored as a @see DecimalValue object. |
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* |
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* @see QuantityValue For quantities with no known uncertainty interval. |
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* For simple numeric amounts use @see NumberValue. |
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* |
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* @note BoundedQuantityValue and plain QuantityValue both use the value type ID "quantity". |
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* The fact that we use subclassing to model the bounded vs the unbounded case should be |
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* considered an implementation detail. |
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* |
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* @since 0.1 |
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* |
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* @license GPL-2.0+ |
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* @author Daniel Kinzler |
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*/ |
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class BoundedQuantityValue extends QuantityValue { |
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/** |
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* The quantity's upper bound |
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* |
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* @var DecimalValue |
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*/ |
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private $upperBound; |
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/** |
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* The quantity's lower bound |
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* |
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* @var DecimalValue |
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*/ |
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private $lowerBound; |
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/** |
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* Constructs a new QuantityValue object, representing the given value. |
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* |
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* @since 0.1 |
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* |
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* @param DecimalValue $amount |
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* @param string $unit A unit identifier. Must not be empty, use "1" for unit-less quantities. |
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* @param DecimalValue $upperBound The upper bound of the quantity, inclusive. |
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* @param DecimalValue $lowerBound The lower bound of the quantity, inclusive. |
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* |
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* @throws IllegalValueException |
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*/ |
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public function __construct( DecimalValue $amount, $unit, DecimalValue $upperBound, DecimalValue $lowerBound ) { |
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parent::__construct( $amount, $unit ); |
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if ( $lowerBound->compare( $amount ) > 0 ) { |
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throw new IllegalValueException( '$lowerBound ' . $lowerBound->getValue() . ' must be <= $amount ' . $amount->getValue() ); |
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} |
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if ( $upperBound->compare( $amount ) < 0 ) { |
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throw new IllegalValueException( '$upperBound ' . $upperBound->getValue() . ' must be >= $amount ' . $amount->getValue() ); |
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} |
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$this->upperBound = $upperBound; |
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$this->lowerBound = $lowerBound; |
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} |
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/** |
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* Returns a QuantityValue representing the given amount. |
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* If no upper or lower bound is given, the amount is assumed to be absolutely exact, |
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* that is, the amount itself will be used as the upper and lower bound. |
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* |
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* This is a convenience wrapper around the constructor that accepts native values |
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* instead of DecimalValue objects. |
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* |
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* @note: if the amount or a bound is given as a string, the string must conform |
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* to the rules defined by @see DecimalValue. |
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* |
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* @since 0.1 |
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* |
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* @param string|int|float|DecimalValue|QuantityValue $number |
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* @param string $unit A unit identifier. Must not be empty, use "1" for unit-less quantities. |
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* @param string|int|float|DecimalValue|null $upperBound |
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* @param string|int|float|DecimalValue|null $lowerBound |
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* |
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* @return self |
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* @throws IllegalValueException |
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*/ |
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public static function newFromNumber( $number, $unit = '1', $upperBound = null, $lowerBound = null ) { |
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$number = self::asDecimalValue( 'amount', $number ); |
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$upperBound = self::asDecimalValue( 'upperBound', $upperBound, $number ); |
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$lowerBound = self::asDecimalValue( 'lowerBound', $lowerBound, $number ); |
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return new self( $number, $unit, $upperBound, $lowerBound ); |
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} |
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/** |
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* @see newFromNumber |
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* |
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* @deprecated since 0.1, use newFromNumber instead |
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* |
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* @param string|int|float|DecimalValue|QuantityValue $number |
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* @param string $unit |
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* @param string|int|float|DecimalValue|null $upperBound |
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* @param string|int|float|DecimalValue|null $lowerBound |
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* |
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* @return self |
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*/ |
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public static function newFromDecimal( $number, $unit = '1', $upperBound = null, $lowerBound = null ) { |
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return self::newFromNumber( $number, $unit, $upperBound, $lowerBound ); |
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} |
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/** |
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* @see Serializable::unserialize |
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* |
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* @since 0.1 |
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* |
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* @param string $data |
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*/ |
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public function unserialize( $data ) { |
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list( $amount, $unit, $upperBound, $lowerBound ) = unserialize( $data ); |
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$amount = DecimalValue::newFromArray( $amount ); |
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$upperBound = DecimalValue::newFromArray( $upperBound ); |
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$lowerBound = DecimalValue::newFromArray( $lowerBound ); |
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$this->__construct( $amount, $unit, $upperBound, $lowerBound ); |
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} |
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/** |
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* Returns this quantity's upper bound. |
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* |
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* @since 0.1 |
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* |
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* @return DecimalValue |
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*/ |
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public function getUpperBound() { |
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return $this->upperBound; |
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} |
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/** |
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* Returns this quantity's lower bound. |
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* |
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* @since 0.1 |
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* |
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* @return DecimalValue |
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*/ |
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public function getLowerBound() { |
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return $this->lowerBound; |
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} |
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/** |
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* Returns the size of the uncertainty interval. |
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* This can roughly be interpreted as "amount +/- uncertainty/2". |
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* |
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* The exact interpretation of the uncertainty interval is left to the concrete application or |
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* data point. For example, the uncertainty interval may be defined to be that part of a |
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* normal distribution that is required to cover the 95th percentile. |
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* |
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* @since 0.1 |
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* |
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* @return float |
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*/ |
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public function getUncertainty() { |
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return $this->upperBound->getValueFloat() - $this->lowerBound->getValueFloat(); |
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} |
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/** |
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* Returns a DecimalValue representing the symmetrical offset to be applied |
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* to the raw amount for a rough representation of the uncertainty interval, |
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* as in "amount +/- offset". |
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* |
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* The offset is calculated as max( amount - lowerBound, upperBound - amount ). |
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* |
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* @since 0.1 |
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* |
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* @return DecimalValue |
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*/ |
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public function getUncertaintyMargin() { |
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$math = new DecimalMath(); |
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$lowerMargin = $math->sum( $this->amount, $this->lowerBound->computeComplement() ); |
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$upperMargin = $math->sum( $this->upperBound, $this->amount->computeComplement() ); |
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$margin = $math->max( $lowerMargin, $upperMargin ); |
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return $margin; |
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} |
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/** |
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* Returns the order of magnitude of the uncertainty as the exponent of |
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* last significant digit in the amount-string. The value returned by this |
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* is suitable for use with @see DecimalMath::roundToExponent(). |
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* |
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* @example: if two digits after the decimal point are significant, this |
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* returns -2. |
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* |
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* @example: if the last two digits before the decimal point are insignificant, |
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* this returns 2. |
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* |
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* Note that this calculation assumes a symmetric uncertainty interval, |
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* and can be misleading. |
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* |
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* @since 0.1 |
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* |
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* @return int |
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*/ |
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public function getOrderOfUncertainty() { |
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// the desired precision is given by the distance between the amount and |
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// whatever is closer, the upper or lower bound. |
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//TODO: use DecimalMath to avoid floating point errors! |
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$amount = $this->amount->getValueFloat(); |
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$upperBound = $this->upperBound->getValueFloat(); |
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$lowerBound = $this->lowerBound->getValueFloat(); |
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$precision = min( $amount - $lowerBound, $upperBound - $amount ); |
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if ( $precision === 0.0 ) { |
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// If there is no uncertainty, the order of uncertainty is a bit more than what we have digits for. |
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return -strlen( $this->amount->getFractionalPart() ); |
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} |
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// e.g. +/- 200 -> 2; +/- 0.02 -> -2 |
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// note: we really want floor( log10( $precision ) ), but have to account for |
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// small errors made in the floating point operations above. |
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// @todo: use bcmath (via DecimalMath) to avoid this if possible |
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$orderOfUncertainty = floor( log10( $precision + 0.0000000005 ) ); |
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return (int)$orderOfUncertainty; |
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} |
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/** |
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* Returns a transformed value derived from this QuantityValue by applying |
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* the given transformation to the amount and the upper and lower bounds. |
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* The resulting amount and bounds are rounded to the significant number of |
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* digits. Note that for exact quantities (with at least one bound equal to |
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* the amount), no rounding is applied (since they are considered to have |
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* infinite precision). |
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* |
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* The transformation is provided as a callback, which must implement a |
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* monotonously increasing, fully differentiable function mapping a DecimalValue |
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* to a DecimalValue. Typically, it will be a linear transformation applying a |
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* factor and an offset. |
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* |
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* @param string $newUnit The unit of the transformed quantity. |
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* |
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* @param callable $transformation A callback that implements the desired transformation. |
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* The transformation will be called three times, once for the amount, once |
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* for the lower bound, and once for the upper bound. It must return a DecimalValue. |
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* The first parameter passed to $transformation is the DecimalValue to transform |
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* In addition, any extra parameters passed to transform() will be passed through |
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* to the transformation callback. |
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* |
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* @param mixed ... Any extra parameters will be passed to the $transformation function. |
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* |
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* @throws InvalidArgumentException |
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* @return self |
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*/ |
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public function transform( $newUnit, $transformation ) { |
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if ( !is_callable( $transformation ) ) { |
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throw new InvalidArgumentException( '$transformation must be callable.' ); |
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} |
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if ( !is_string( $newUnit ) ) { |
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throw new InvalidArgumentException( '$newUnit must be a string. Use "1" as the unit for unit-less quantities.' ); |
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} |
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if ( $newUnit === '' ) { |
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throw new InvalidArgumentException( '$newUnit must not be empty. Use "1" as the unit for unit-less quantities.' ); |
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} |
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$oldUnit = $this->unit; |
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if ( $newUnit === null ) { |
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$newUnit = $oldUnit; |
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} |
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// Apply transformation by calling the $transform callback. |
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// The first argument for the callback is the DataValue to transform. In addition, |
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// any extra arguments given for transform() are passed through. |
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$args = func_get_args(); |
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array_shift( $args ); |
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$args[0] = $this->amount; |
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$amount = call_user_func_array( $transformation, $args ); |
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$args[0] = $this->upperBound; |
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$upperBound = call_user_func_array( $transformation, $args ); |
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$args[0] = $this->lowerBound; |
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$lowerBound = call_user_func_array( $transformation, $args ); |
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// use a preliminary QuantityValue to determine the significant number of digits |
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$transformed = new self( $amount, $newUnit, $upperBound, $lowerBound ); |
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$roundingExponent = $transformed->getOrderOfUncertainty(); |
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// apply rounding to the significant digits |
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$math = new DecimalMath(); |
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$amount = $math->roundToExponent( $amount, $roundingExponent ); |
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$upperBound = $math->roundToExponent( $upperBound, $roundingExponent ); |
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$lowerBound = $math->roundToExponent( $lowerBound, $roundingExponent ); |
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return new self( $amount, $newUnit, $upperBound, $lowerBound ); |
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} |
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public function __toString() { |
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return $this->amount->getValue() |
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. '[' . $this->lowerBound->getValue() |
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. '..' . $this->upperBound->getValue() |
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. ']' |
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. ( $this->unit === '1' ? '' : $this->unit ); |
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} |
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/** |
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* @see DataValue::getArrayValue |
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* |
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* @since 0.1 |
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* |
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* @return array |
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*/ |
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public function getArrayValue() { |
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return array( |
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'amount' => $this->amount->getArrayValue(), |
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'unit' => $this->unit, |
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'upperBound' => $this->upperBound->getArrayValue(), |
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'lowerBound' => $this->lowerBound->getArrayValue(), |
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); |
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} |
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/** |
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* Constructs a new instance of the DataValue from the provided data. |
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* This can round-trip with @see getArrayValue |
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* |
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* @since 0.1 |
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* |
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* @param mixed $data |
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* |
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* @return self |
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* @throws IllegalValueException |
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*/ |
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public static function newFromArray( $data ) { |
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if ( !isset( $data['upperBound'] ) && isset( $data['lowerBound'] ) ) { |
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// No bounds given, so construct an unbounded QuantityValue. |
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return parent::newFromArray( $data ); |
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} |
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self::requireArrayFields( $data, array( 'amount', 'unit', 'upperBound', 'lowerBound' ) ); |
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return new static( |
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DecimalValue::newFromArray( $data['amount'] ), |
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$data['unit'], |
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DecimalValue::newFromArray( $data['upperBound'] ), |
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DecimalValue::newFromArray( $data['lowerBound'] ) |
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); |
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} |
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} |
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It seems like the type of the argument is not accepted by the function/method which you are calling.
In some cases, in particular if PHP’s automatic type-juggling kicks in this might be fine. In other cases, however this might be a bug.
We suggest to add an explicit type cast like in the following example: