AdamB7586 /
pdo-dbal
Complex classes like Database often do a lot of different things. To break such a class down, we need to identify a cohesive component within that class. A common approach to find such a component is to look for fields/methods that share the same prefixes, or suffixes. You can also have a look at the cohesion graph to spot any un-connected, or weakly-connected components.
Once you have determined the fields that belong together, you can apply the Extract Class refactoring. If the component makes sense as a sub-class, Extract Subclass is also a candidate, and is often faster.
While breaking up the class, it is a good idea to analyze how other classes use Database, and based on these observations, apply Extract Interface, too.
| 1 | <?php |
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| 14 | final class Database implements DBInterface{
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| 15 | protected $db; |
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| 16 | public $sql; |
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| 17 | private $key; |
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| 18 | |||
| 19 | protected $logLocation; |
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| 20 | public $logErrors = true; |
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| 21 | public $logQueries = false; |
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| 22 | public $displayErrors = false; |
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| 23 | |||
| 24 | protected $database; |
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| 25 | protected $cacheEnabled = false; |
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| 26 | protected $cacheObj; |
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| 27 | protected $cacheValue; |
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| 28 | protected $modified = false; |
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| 29 | |||
| 30 | private $query; |
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| 31 | private $values = []; |
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| 32 | private $prepare = []; |
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| 33 | |||
| 34 | private static $connectors = array( |
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| 35 | 'cubrid' => 'cubrid:host=%s;port=%d;dbname=%s', |
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| 36 | 'dblib' => 'dblib:host=%s:%d;dbname=%s', |
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| 37 | 'mssql' => 'sqlsrv:Server=%s,%d;Database=%s', |
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| 38 | 'mysql' => 'mysql:host=%s;port=%d;dbname=%s', |
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| 39 | 'pgsql' => 'pgsql:host=%s;port=%d;dbname=%s', |
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| 40 | 'sqlite' => 'sqlite::memory:' |
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| 41 | ); |
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| 42 | |||
| 43 | /** |
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| 44 | * Connect to database using PDO connection |
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| 45 | * @param string $hostname This should be the host of the database e.g. 'localhost' |
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| 46 | * @param string $username This should be the username for the chosen database |
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| 47 | * @param string $password This should be the password for the chosen database |
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| 48 | * @param string $database This should be the database that you wish to connect to |
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| 49 | * @param string|false $backuphost If you have a replication server set up put the hostname or IP address incase the primary server goes down |
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| 50 | * @param object|false $cache If you want to cache the queries with Memcache(d)/Redis/APC/Xcache This should be the object else set to false |
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| 51 | * @param boolean $persistent If you want a persistent database connection set to true |
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| 52 | * @param string $type The type of connection that you wish to make can be 'mysql', 'cubrid', 'dblib', 'mssql', 'odbc', 'pgsql, or 'sqlite' |
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| 53 | * @param int $port This should be the port number of the MySQL database connection |
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| 54 | */ |
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| 55 | 1 | public function __construct($hostname, $username, $password, $database, $backuphost = false, $cache = false, $persistent = false, $type = 'mysql', $port = 3306) {
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| 56 | 1 | $this->setLogLocation(); |
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| 57 | try{
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| 58 | 1 | $this->connectToServer($username, $password, $database, $hostname, $persistent, $type, $port); |
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| 59 | } |
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| 60 | 1 | catch(\Exception $e) {
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| 61 | 1 | if($backuphost !== false) {
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| 62 | $this->connectToServer($username, $password, $database, $backuphost, $persistent, $type, $port); |
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| 63 | } |
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| 64 | 1 | $this->error($e); |
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| 65 | } |
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| 66 | 1 | if(is_object($cache)) {
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| 67 | $this->setCaching($cache); |
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| 68 | } |
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| 69 | 1 | } |
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| 70 | |||
| 71 | /** |
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| 72 | * Closes the PDO database connection when Database object unset |
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| 73 | */ |
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| 74 | 1 | public function __destruct() {
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| 75 | 1 | $this->closeDatabase(); |
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| 76 | 1 | } |
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| 77 | |||
| 78 | /** |
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| 79 | * Connect to the database using PDO connection |
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| 80 | * @param string $username This should be the username for the chosen database |
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| 81 | * @param string $password This should be the password for the chosen database |
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| 82 | * @param string $database This should be the database that you wish to connect to |
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| 83 | * @param string $hostname The hostname for the database |
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| 84 | * @param boolean $persistent If you want a persistent database connection set to true |
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| 85 | * @param string $type The type of connection that you wish to make can be 'mysql', 'cubrid', 'dblib', 'mssql', 'pgsql, or 'sqlite' |
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| 86 | * @param int $port The port number to connect to the MySQL server |
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| 87 | */ |
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| 88 | 2 | protected function connectToServer($username, $password, $database, $hostname, $persistent = false, $type = 'mysql', $port = 3306) {
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| 89 | 2 | if(!$this->db) {
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| 90 | 2 | $this->database = $database; |
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| 91 | 2 | $this->db = new PDO(sprintf(self::$connectors[$type], $hostname, $port, $database), $username, $password, |
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| 92 | 2 | array_merge( |
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| 93 | 2 | ($persistent !== false ? array(PDO::ATTR_PERSISTENT => true) : array()), |
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| 94 | 2 | ($type === 'mysql' ? array(PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_USE_BUFFERED_QUERY => true, PDO::ATTR_EMULATE_PREPARES => true) : array()) |
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| 95 | ) |
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| 96 | ); |
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| 97 | 2 | $this->db->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_ERRMODE, PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION); |
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| 98 | } |
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| 99 | 2 | } |
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| 100 | |||
| 101 | /** |
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| 102 | * Enables the caching and set the caching object to the one provided |
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| 103 | * @param object $caching This should be class of the type of caching you are using |
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| 104 | */ |
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| 105 | public function setCaching($caching) {
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| 112 | |||
| 113 | /** |
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| 114 | * This query function is used for more advanced SQL queries for which non of the other methods fit |
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| 115 | * @param string $sql This should be the SQL query which you wish to run |
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| 116 | * @param array $variables This should be an array of values to execute as the values in a prepared statement |
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| 117 | * @return array Returns array of results for the query that has just been run |
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| 118 | */ |
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| 119 | 1 | public function query($sql, $variables = array(), $cache = true) {
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| 132 | |||
| 133 | /** |
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| 134 | * Returns a single record for a select query for the chosen table |
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| 135 | * @param string $table This should be the table you wish to select the values from |
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| 136 | * @param array $where Should be the field names and values you wish to use as the where query e.g. array('fieldname' => 'value', 'fieldname2' => 'value2', etc).
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| 137 | * @param string|array $fields This should be the records you wis to select from the table. It should be either set as '*' which is the default or set as an array in the following format array('field', 'field2', 'field3', etc).
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| 138 | * @param array $order This is the order you wish the results to be ordered in should be formatted as follows array('fieldname' => 'ASC') or array("'fieldname', 'fieldname2'" => 'DESC')
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| 139 | * @param boolean $cache If the query should be cached or loaded from cache set to true else set to false |
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| 140 | * @return array Returns a single table record as the standard array when running SQL queries |
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| 141 | */ |
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| 142 | 1 | public function select($table, $where = array(), $fields = '*', $order = array(), $cache = true) {
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| 145 | |||
| 146 | /** |
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| 147 | * Returns a multidimensional array of the results from the selected table given the given parameters |
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| 148 | * @param string $table This should be the table you wish to select the values from |
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| 149 | * @param array $where Should be the field names and values you wish to use as the where query e.g. array('fieldname' => 'value', 'fieldname2' => 'value2', etc).
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| 150 | * @param string|array $fields This should be the records you wis to select from the table. It should be either set as '*' which is the default or set as an array in the following format array('field', 'field2', 'field3', etc).
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| 151 | * @param array $order This is the order you wish the results to be ordered in should be formatted as follows array('fieldname' => 'ASC') or array("'fieldname', 'fieldname2'" => 'DESC')
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| 152 | * @param integer|array $limit The number of results you want to return 0 is default and returns all results, else should be formated either as a standard integer or as an array as the start and end values e.g. array(0 => 150) |
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| 153 | * @param boolean $cache If the query should be cached or loaded from cache set to true else set to false |
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| 154 | * @return array Returns a multidimensional array with the chosen fields from the table |
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| 155 | */ |
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| 156 | 3 | public function selectAll($table, $where = array(), $fields = '*', $order = array(), $limit = 0, $cache = true) {
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| 166 | |||
| 167 | /** |
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| 168 | * Returns a single column value for a given query |
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| 169 | * @param string $table This should be the table you wish to select the values from |
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| 170 | * @param array $where Should be the field names and values you wish to use as the where query e.g. array('fieldname' => 'value', 'fieldname2' => 'value2', etc).
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| 171 | * @param array $fields This should be the records you wis to select from the table. It should be either set as '*' which is the default or set as an array in the following format array('field', 'field2', 'field3', etc).
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| 172 | * @param int $colNum This should be the column number you wish to get (starts at 0) |
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| 173 | * @param array $order This is the order you wish the results to be ordered in should be formatted as follows array('fieldname' => 'ASC') or array("'fieldname', 'fieldname2'" => 'DESC') so it can be done in both directions
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| 174 | * @param boolean $cache If the query should be cached or loaded from cache set to true else set to false |
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| 175 | * @return mixed If a result is found will return the value of the colum given else will return false |
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| 176 | */ |
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| 177 | 2 | public function fetchColumn($table, $where = array(), $fields = '*', $colNum = 0, $order = array(), $cache = true) {
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| 187 | |||
| 188 | /** |
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| 189 | * Inserts into database using the prepared PDO statements |
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| 190 | * @param string $table This should be the table you wish to insert the values into |
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| 191 | * @param array $records This should be the field names and values in the format of array('fieldname' => 'value', 'fieldname2' => 'value2', etc.)
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| 192 | * @return boolean If data is inserted returns true else returns false |
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| 193 | */ |
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| 194 | 2 | public function insert($table, $records) {
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| 201 | |||
| 202 | /** |
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| 203 | * Updates values in a database using the provide variables |
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| 204 | * @param string $table This should be the table you wish to update the values for |
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| 205 | * @param array $records This should be the field names and new values in the format of array('fieldname' => 'newvalue', 'fieldname2' => 'newvalue2', etc.)
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| 206 | * @param array $where Should be the field names and values you wish to update in the form of an array e.g. array('fieldname' => 'value', 'fieldname2' => 'value2', etc).
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| 207 | * @param int $limit The number of results you want to return 0 is default and will update all results that match the query, else should be formated as a standard integer |
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| 208 | * @return boolean Returns true if update is successful else returns false |
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| 209 | */ |
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| 210 | 2 | public function update($table, $records, $where = array(), $limit = 0) {
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| 215 | |||
| 216 | /** |
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| 217 | * Deletes records from the given table based on the variables given |
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| 218 | * @param string $table This should be the table you wish to delete the records from |
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| 219 | * @param array $where This should be an array of for the where statement |
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| 220 | * @param int $limit The number of results you want to return 0 is default and will delete all results that match the query, else should be formated as a standard integer |
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| 221 | */ |
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| 222 | 2 | public function delete($table, $where, $limit = 0) {
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| 227 | |||
| 228 | /** |
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| 229 | * Count the number of return results |
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| 230 | * @param string $table The table you wish to count the result of |
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| 231 | * @param array $where Should be the field names and values you wish to use as the where query e.g. array('fieldname' => 'value', 'fieldname2' => 'value2', etc).
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| 232 | * @param boolean $cache If the query should be cached or loaded from cache set to true else set to false |
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| 233 | * @return int Returns the number of results |
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| 234 | */ |
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| 235 | 1 | public function count($table, $where = array(), $cache = true) {
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| 246 | |||
| 247 | /** |
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| 248 | * Truncates a given table from the selected database so there are no values in the table |
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| 249 | * @param string $table This should be the table you wish to truncate |
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| 250 | * @return boolean If the table is emptied returns true else returns false |
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| 251 | */ |
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| 252 | public function truncate($table) {
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| 262 | |||
| 263 | /** |
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| 264 | * Returns the number of rows for the last query sent |
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| 265 | * @return int Returns the number of rows for the last query |
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| 266 | */ |
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| 267 | 7 | public function numRows() {
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| 273 | |||
| 274 | /** |
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| 275 | * Returns the number of rows for the last query sent (Looks a the numRows() function just added incase of habbit) |
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| 276 | * @return int Returns the number of rows for the last query |
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| 277 | */ |
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| 278 | 1 | public function rowCount() {
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| 281 | |||
| 282 | /** |
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| 283 | * Returns the ID of the last record last inserted |
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| 284 | * @param string $name This should be the name of the sequence object you wish to retrieve |
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| 285 | * @return int|string Returns the last inserted ID of the last insert item if $name is null else returns string with sequenced object |
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| 286 | */ |
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| 287 | 1 | public function lastInsertId($name = null) {
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| 290 | |||
| 291 | /** |
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| 292 | * Checks to see if a connection has been made to the server |
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| 293 | * @return boolean |
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| 294 | */ |
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| 295 | 2 | public function isConnected() {
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| 298 | |||
| 299 | /** |
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| 300 | * Returns the server version information |
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| 301 | */ |
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| 302 | 1 | public function serverVersion() {
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| 303 | 1 | return $this->db->getAttribute(PDO::ATTR_SERVER_VERSION); |
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| 304 | } |
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| 305 | |||
| 306 | /** |
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| 307 | * Sets the location of the log files |
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| 308 | * @param string $location This should be where you wish the logs to be stored |
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| 309 | * @return $this |
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| 310 | */ |
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| 311 | public function setLogLocation($location = false) {
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| 321 | |||
| 322 | /** |
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| 323 | * Displays the error massage which occurs |
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| 324 | * @param \Exception $error This should be an instance of Exception |
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| 325 | */ |
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| 326 | 3 | private function error($error) {
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| 337 | |||
| 338 | /** |
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| 339 | * Writes all queries to a log file |
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| 340 | */ |
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| 341 | public function writeQueryToLog() {
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| 347 | |||
| 348 | /** |
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| 349 | * Closes the PDO database connection by setting the connection to NULL |
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| 350 | */ |
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| 351 | 1 | public function closeDatabase() {
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| 352 | 1 | $this->db = null; |
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| 353 | 1 | } |
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| 354 | |||
| 355 | /** |
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| 356 | * Build the SQL query but doesn't execute it |
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| 357 | * @param string $table This should be the table you wish to select the values from |
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| 358 | * @param array $where Should be the field names and values you wish to use as the where query e.g. array('fieldname' => 'value', 'fieldname2' => 'value2', etc).
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| 359 | * @param string|array $fields This should be the records you wis to select from the table. It should be either set as '*' which is the default or set as an array in the following format array('field', 'field2', 'field3', etc).
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| 360 | * @param array $order This is the order you wish the results to be ordered in should be formatted as follows array('fieldname' => 'ASC') or array("'fieldname', 'fieldname2'" => 'DESC') so it can be done in both directions
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| 361 | * @param integer|array $limit The number of results you want to return 0 is default and returns all results, else should be formated either as a standard integer or as an array as the start and end values e.g. array(0 => 150) |
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| 362 | */ |
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| 363 | 5 | protected function buildSelectQuery($table, $where = array(), $fields = '*', $order = array(), $limit = 0) {
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| 376 | |||
| 377 | /** |
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| 378 | * Execute the current query if no cache value is available |
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| 379 | * @param boolean $cache If the cache should be checked for the checked for the values of the query set to true else set to false |
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| 380 | * @return mixed If a cached value exists will be returned else if cache is not checked and query is executed will not return anything |
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| 381 | */ |
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| 382 | 12 | protected function executeQuery($cache = true) {
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| 398 | |||
| 399 | /** |
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| 400 | * This outputs the SQL where query based on a given array |
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| 401 | * @param array $where This should be an array that you wish to create the where query for in the for array('field1' => 'test') or array('field1' => array('>=', 0))
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| 402 | * @return string|false If the where query is an array will return the where string and set the values else returns false if no array sent |
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| 403 | */ |
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| 404 | 8 | private function where($where) {
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| 405 | 8 | if(is_array($where) && !empty($where)) {
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| 406 | 7 | $wherefields = array(); |
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| 407 | 7 | foreach($where as $field => $value) {
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| 408 | 7 | $wherefields[] = $this->formatValues($field, $value); |
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| 409 | } |
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| 410 | 7 | if(!empty($wherefields)) {
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| 411 | 7 | return " WHERE ".implode(' AND ', $wherefields);
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| 412 | } |
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| 413 | } |
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| 414 | 2 | return false; |
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| 415 | } |
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| 416 | |||
| 417 | /** |
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| 418 | * Sets the order sting for the SQL query based on an array or string |
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| 419 | * @param array|string $order This should be either set to array('fieldname' => 'ASC/DESC') or RAND()
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| 420 | * @return string|false If the SQL query has an valid order by will return a string else returns false |
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| 421 | */ |
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| 422 | 1 | private function orderBy($order) {
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| 440 | |||
| 441 | /** |
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| 442 | * Build the field list for the query |
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| 443 | * @param array $records This should be an array listing all of the fields |
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| 444 | * @param boolean $insert If this is an insert statement should be set to true to create the correct amount of queries for the prepared statement |
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| 445 | * @return string The fields list will be returned as a string to insert into the SQL query |
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| 446 | */ |
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| 447 | 4 | private function fields($records, $insert = false) {
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| 448 | 4 | $fields = array(); |
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| 449 | |||
| 450 | 4 | foreach($records as $field => $value) {
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| 451 | 4 | if($insert === true) {
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| 452 | 4 | $fields[] = sprintf("`%s`", SafeString::makeSafe($field));
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| 453 | 4 | $this->prepare[] = '?'; |
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| 454 | } |
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| 455 | else{
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| 456 | 2 | $fields[] = sprintf("`%s` = ?", SafeString::makeSafe($field));
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| 457 | } |
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| 458 | 4 | $this->values[] = $value; |
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| 459 | } |
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| 460 | 4 | return implode(', ', $fields);
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| 461 | } |
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| 462 | |||
| 463 | /** |
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| 464 | * Returns the limit SQL for the current query as a string |
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| 465 | * @param integer|array $limit This should either be set as an integer or should be set as an array with a start and end value |
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| 466 | * @return string|false Will return the LIMIT string for the current query if it is valid else returns false |
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| 467 | */ |
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| 468 | 1 | private function limit($limit = 0) {
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| 479 | |||
| 480 | |||
| 481 | /** |
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| 482 | * Set the cache with a key and value |
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| 483 | * @param string $key The unique key to store the value against |
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| 484 | * @param mixed $value The value of the MYSQL query |
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| 485 | */ |
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| 486 | public function setCache($key, $value) {
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| 491 | |||
| 492 | /** |
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| 493 | * Get the results for a given key |
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| 494 | * @param string $key The unique key to check for stored variables |
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| 495 | * @return mixed Returned the cached results from |
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| 496 | */ |
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| 497 | public function getCache($key) {
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| 504 | |||
| 505 | /** |
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| 506 | * Clears the cache |
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| 507 | */ |
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| 508 | public function flushDB() {
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| 511 | |||
| 512 | /** |
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| 513 | * Format the where queries and set the prepared values |
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| 514 | * @param string $field This should be the field name in the database |
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| 515 | * @param mixed $value This should be the value which should either be a string or an array if it contains an operator |
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| 516 | * @return string This should be the string to add to the SQL query |
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| 517 | */ |
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| 518 | 2 | protected function formatValues($field, $value) {
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| 519 | 2 | if(!is_array($value) && Operators::isOperatorValid($value) && !Operators::isOperatorPrepared($value)) {
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| 520 | 1 | return sprintf("`%s` %s", SafeString::makeSafe($field), Operators::getOperatorFormat($value));
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| 521 | } |
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| 522 | 2 | elseif(is_array($value)) {
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| 523 | 2 | if(!is_array(array_values($value)[0])) {
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| 524 | 2 | $this->values[] = (isset($value[1]) ? $value[1] : array_values($value)[0]); |
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| 525 | 2 | $operator = (isset($value[0]) ? $value[0] : key($value)); |
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| 526 | } |
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| 527 | else{
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| 528 | 1 | foreach(array_values($value)[0] as $op => $array_value) {
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| 529 | 1 | $this->values[] = $array_value; |
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| 530 | } |
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| 531 | 1 | $operator = key($value); |
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| 532 | } |
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| 533 | 2 | return sprintf("`%s` %s", SafeString::makeSafe($field), Operators::getOperatorFormat($operator));
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| 534 | |||
| 535 | } |
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| 536 | $this->values[] = $value; |
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| 537 | return sprintf("`%s` = ?", SafeString::makeSafe($field));
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| 538 | } |
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| 539 | |||
| 540 | /** |
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| 541 | * Band values to use in the query |
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| 542 | * @param array $values This should be the values being used in the query |
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| 543 | */ |
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| 544 | 11 | protected function bindValues($values) {
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| 555 | } |
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| 556 |
