ARCANEDEV / LaravelNestedSet

src/NodeTrait.php

<?php namespace Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet;

use Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Contracts\Nodeable;
use Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Eloquent\AncestorsRelation;
use Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Eloquent\DescendantsRelation;
use Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Traits\EloquentTrait;
use Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Traits\SoftDeleteTrait;
use Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Utilities\NestedSet;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection as EloquentCollection;
use LogicException;

/**
 * Class     NodeTrait
 *
 * @package  Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet
 * @author   ARCANEDEV <arcanedev.maroc@gmail.com>
 *
 * @property  int                                             id
 * @property  int                                             _lft
 * @property  int                                             _rgt
 * @property  int                                             parent_id
 * @property  array                                           attributes
 * @property  array                                           original
 * @property  bool                                            exists
 * @property  \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Contracts\Nodeable  parent
 * @property  \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection        children
 *
 * @method  static  bool                                               isBroken()
 * @method  static  array                                              getNodeData($id, $required = false)
 * @method  static  array                                              getPlainNodeData($id, $required = false)
 * @method  static  int                                                rebuildTree(array $data, bool $delete = false)
 * @method  static  int                                                fixTree()
 * @method  static  \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Contracts\Nodeable     root(array $columns = ['*'])
 *
 * @method  static  \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Eloquent\QueryBuilder  ancestorsOf(mixed $id, array $columns = ['*'])
 * @method  static  \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Eloquent\QueryBuilder  withDepth(string $as = 'depth')
 * @method  static  \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Eloquent\QueryBuilder  withoutRoot()
 * @method  static  \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Eloquent\QueryBuilder  whereDescendantOf(mixed $id, string $boolean = 'and', bool $not = false)
 * @method  static  \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Eloquent\QueryBuilder  whereAncestorOf(mixed $id)
 * @method  static  \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Eloquent\QueryBuilder  whereIsRoot()
 * @method  static  \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Eloquent\QueryBuilder  descendantsAndSelf(mixed $id, array $columns = ['*'])
 * @method  static  array                                              countErrors()
 *
 * @method  \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo          belongsTo(string $related, string $foreignKey = null, string $otherKey = null, string $relation = null)
 * @method  \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\HasMany            hasMany(string $related, string $foreignKey = null, string $localKey = null)
 * @method  static  \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder              where(string $column, string $operator = null, mixed $value = null, string $boolean = 'and')
 */
trait NodeTrait
{
    /* ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Traits
     | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     */
    use EloquentTrait, SoftDeleteTrait;

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Properties
     | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     */
    /**
     * Pending operation.
     *
     * @var array|null
     */
    protected $pending;

    /**
     * Whether the node has moved since last save.
     *
     * @var bool
     */
    protected $moved = false;

    /**
     * Keep track of the number of performed operations.
     *
     * @var int
     */
    public static $actionsPerformed = 0;

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Boot Function
     | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     */
    /**
     * Sign on model events.
     */
    public static function bootNodeTrait()
    {
        static::saving(function ($model) {
            return $model->callPendingAction();
        });

        static::deleting(function ($model) {
            // We will need fresh data to delete node safely
            $model->refreshNode();
        });

        static::deleted(function ($model) {
            $model->deleteDescendants();
        });

        if (static::usesSoftDelete()) {
            static::restoring(function ($model) {
                static::$deletedAt = $model->{$model->getDeletedAtColumn()};
            });
            static::restored(function ($model) {
                $model->restoreDescendants(static::$deletedAt);
            });
        }
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Relationships
     | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     */
    /**
     * Relation to the parent.
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo
     */
    public function parent()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(get_class($this), $this->getParentIdName())
            ->setModel($this);
    }

    /**
     * Relation to children.
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\HasMany
     */
    public function children()
    {
        return $this->hasMany(get_class($this), $this->getParentIdName())
            ->setModel($this);
    }

    /**
     * Get query for descendants of the node.
     *
     * @return \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Eloquent\DescendantsRelation
     */
    public function descendants()
    {
        return new DescendantsRelation($this->newScopedQuery(), $this);
    }

    /**
     * Get query for siblings of the node.
     *
     * @return \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Eloquent\QueryBuilder
     */
    public function siblings()
    {
        return $this->newScopedQuery()
            ->where($this->getKeyName(), '<>', $this->getKey())
            ->where($this->getParentIdName(), '=', $this->getParentId());
    }

    /**
     * Get query for the node siblings and the node itself.
     *
     * @return \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Eloquent\QueryBuilder
     */
    public function siblingsAndSelf()
    {
        return $this->newScopedQuery()
            ->where($this->getParentIdName(), '=', $this->getParentId());
    }

    /**
     * Get the node siblings and the node itself.
     *
     * @param  array  $columns
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection
     */
    public function getSiblingsAndSelf(array $columns = ['*'])
    {
        return $this->siblingsAndSelf()->get($columns);
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Getters & Setters
     | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     */
    /**
     * Get the lft key name.
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public function getLftName()
    {
        return NestedSet::LFT;
    }

    /**
     * Get the rgt key name.
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public function getRgtName()
    {
        return NestedSet::RGT;
    }

    /**
     * Get the parent id key name.
     *
     * @return string
     */
    public function getParentIdName()
    {
        return NestedSet::PARENT_ID;
    }

    /**
     * Get the value of the model's lft key.
     *
     * @return int
     */
    public function getLft()
    {
        return $this->getAttributeValue($this->getLftName());
    }

    /**
     * Set the value of the model's lft key.
     *
     * @param  int  $value
     *
     * @return self
     */
    public function setLft($value)
    {
        $this->attributes[$this->getLftName()] = $value;

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Get the value of the model's rgt key.
     *
     * @return int
     */
    public function getRgt()
    {
        return $this->getAttributeValue($this->getRgtName());
    }

    /**
     * Set the value of the model's rgt key.
     *
     * @param  int  $value
     *
     * @return self
     */
    public function setRgt($value)
    {
        $this->attributes[$this->getRgtName()] = $value;

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Get the value of the model's parent id key.
     *
     * @return int
     */
    public function getParentId()
    {
        return $this->getAttributeValue($this->getParentIdName());
    }

    /**
     * Set the value of the model's parent id key.
     *
     * @param  int  $value
     *
     * @return self
     */
    public function setParentId($value)
    {
        $this->attributes[$this->getParentIdName()] = $value;

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Apply parent model.
     *
     * @param  \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Contracts\Nodeable|null  $value
     *
     * @return self
     */
    protected function setParent($value)
    {
        $this->setParentId($value ? $value->getKey() : null)
            ->setRelation('parent', $value);

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Set the value of model's parent id key.
     *
     * Behind the scenes node is appended to found parent node.
     *
     * @param  int  $value
     *
     * @throws \Exception If parent node doesn't exists
     */
    public function setParentIdAttribute($value)
    {
        if ($this->getParentId() == $value) return;

        if ($value) {
            /** @var \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Contracts\Nodeable $node */
            $node = $this->newScopedQuery()->findOrFail($value);

            $this->appendToNode($node);
        } else {
            $this->makeRoot();
        }
    }

    /**
     * Get the boundaries.
     *
     * @return array
     */
    public function getBounds()
    {
        return [$this->getLft(), $this->getRgt()];
    }

    /**
     * Get the scope attributes.
     *
     * @return array
     */
    protected function getScopeAttributes()
    {
        return null;
    }

    /**
     * Set the lft and rgt boundaries to null.
     *
     * @return self
     */
    protected function dirtyBounds()
    {
        $this->original[$this->getLftName()] = null;
        $this->original[$this->getRgtName()] = null;

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Returns node that is next to current node without constraining to siblings.
     * This can be either a next sibling or a next sibling of the parent node.
     *
     * @param  array  $columns
     *
     * @return self
     */
    public function getNextNode(array $columns = ['*'])
    {
        return $this->nextNodes()->defaultOrder()->first($columns);
    }

    /**
     * Returns node that is before current node without constraining to siblings.
     * This can be either a prev sibling or parent node.
     *
     * @param  array  $columns
     *
     * @return self
     */
    public function getPrevNode(array $columns = ['*'])
    {
        return $this->prevNodes()->defaultOrder('desc')->first($columns);
    }

    /**
     * Get the ancestors nodes.
     *
     * @param  array  $columns
     *
     * @return \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Eloquent\Collection
     */
    public function getAncestors(array $columns = ['*'])
    {
        return $this->newScopedQuery()
            ->defaultOrder()
            ->ancestorsOf($this, $columns);
    }

    /**
     * Get the descendants nodes.
     *
     * @param  array  $columns
     *
     * @return \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Eloquent\Collection
     */
    public function getDescendants(array $columns = ['*'])
    {
        return $this->descendants()->get($columns);
    }

    /**
     * Get the siblings nodes.
     *
     * @param  array  $columns
     *
     * @return \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Eloquent\Collection
     */
    public function getSiblings(array $columns = ['*'])
    {
        return $this->siblings()->get($columns);
    }

    /**
     * Get the next siblings nodes.
     *
     * @param  array  $columns
     *
     * @return \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Eloquent\Collection
     */
    public function getNextSiblings(array $columns = ['*'])
    {
        return $this->nextSiblings()->get($columns);
    }

    /**
     * Get the previous siblings nodes.
     *
     * @param  array  $columns
     *
     * @return \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Eloquent\Collection
     */
    public function getPrevSiblings(array $columns = ['*'])
    {
        return $this->prevSiblings()->get($columns);
    }

    /**
     * Get the next sibling node.
     *
     * @param  array  $columns
     *
     * @return self
     */
    public function getNextSibling(array $columns = ['*'])
    {
        return $this->nextSiblings()->defaultOrder()->first($columns);
    }

    /**
     * Get the previous sibling node.
     *
     * @param  array  $columns
     *
     * @return self
     */
    public function getPrevSibling(array $columns = ['*'])
    {
        return $this->prevSiblings()->defaultOrder('desc')->first($columns);
    }

    /**
     * Get node height (rgt - lft + 1).
     *
     * @return int
     */
    public function getNodeHeight()
    {
        if ( ! $this->exists) return 2;

        return $this->getRgt() - $this->getLft() + 1;
    }

    /**
     * Get number of descendant nodes.
     *
     * @return int
     */
    public function getDescendantCount()
    {
        return (int) ceil($this->getNodeHeight() / 2) - 1;
    }

    /**
     * Set raw node.
     *
     * @param  int  $lft
     * @param  int  $rgt
     * @param  int  $parentId
     *
     * @return self
     */
    public function rawNode($lft, $rgt, $parentId)
    {
        $this->setLft($lft)->setRgt($rgt)->setParentId($parentId);

        return $this->setNodeAction('raw');
    }

    /**
     * Set an action.
     *
     * @param  string  $action
     *
     * @return self
     */
    protected function setNodeAction($action)
    {
        $this->pending = func_get_args();
        unset($action);

        return $this;
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Other Functions
     | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     */
    /**
     * Get the lower bound.
     *
     * @return int
     */
    protected function getLowerBound()
    {
        return (int) $this->newNestedSetQuery()->max($this->getRgtName());
    }

    /**
     * Call pending action.
     */
    protected function callPendingAction()
    {
        $this->moved = false;

        if ( ! $this->pending && ! $this->exists) {
            $this->makeRoot();
        }

        if ( ! $this->pending) return;

        $method        = 'action'.ucfirst(array_shift($this->pending));
        $parameters    = $this->pending;

        $this->pending = null;
        $this->moved   = call_user_func_array([$this, $method], $parameters);
    }

    /**
     * @return bool
     */
    protected function actionRaw()
    {
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * Make a root node.
     */
    protected function actionRoot()
    {
        // Simplest case that do not affect other nodes.
        if ( ! $this->exists) {
            $cut = $this->getLowerBound() + 1;

            $this->setLft($cut);
            $this->setRgt($cut + 1);

            return true;
        }

        if ($this->isRoot()) return false;


        // Reset parent object
        $this->setParent(null);

        return $this->insertAt($this->getLowerBound() + 1);
    }

    /**
     * Append or prepend a node to the parent.
     *
     * @param  \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Contracts\Nodeable  $parent
     * @param  bool                                            $prepend
     *
     * @return bool
     */
    protected function actionAppendOrPrepend(Nodeable $parent, $prepend = false)
    {
        $parent->refreshNode();

        $cut = $prepend ? $parent->getLft() + 1 : $parent->getRgt();

        if ( ! $this->insertAt($cut)) {
            return false;
        }

        $parent->refreshNode();

        return true;
    }

    /**
     * Insert node before or after another node.
     *
     * @param  self  $node
     * @param  bool  $after
     *
     * @return bool
     */
    protected function actionBeforeOrAfter(self $node, $after = false)
    {
        $node->refreshNode();

        return $this->insertAt($after ? $node->getRgt() + 1 : $node->getLft());
    }

    /**
     * Refresh node's crucial attributes.
     */
    public function refreshNode()
    {
        if ( ! $this->exists || static::$actionsPerformed === 0) return;

        $attributes = $this->newNestedSetQuery()->getNodeData($this->getKey());

        $this->attributes = array_merge($this->attributes, $attributes);
    }

    /**
     * Get query for siblings after the node.
     *
     * @return \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Eloquent\QueryBuilder
     */
    public function nextSiblings()
    {
        return $this->nextNodes()
            ->where($this->getParentIdName(), '=', $this->getParentId());
    }

    /**
     * Get query for siblings before the node.
     *
     * @return \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Eloquent\QueryBuilder
     */
    public function prevSiblings()
    {
        return $this->prevNodes()
            ->where($this->getParentIdName(), '=', $this->getParentId());
    }

    /**
     * Get query for nodes after current node.
     *
     * @return \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Eloquent\QueryBuilder
     */
    public function nextNodes()
    {
        return $this->newScopedQuery()
            ->where($this->getLftName(), '>', $this->getLft());
    }

    /**
     * Get query for nodes before current node in reversed order.
     *
     * @return \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Eloquent\QueryBuilder
     */
    public function prevNodes()
    {
        return $this->newScopedQuery()
            ->where($this->getLftName(), '<', $this->getLft());
    }

    /**
     * Get query for ancestors to the node not including the node itself.
     *
     * @return \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Eloquent\AncestorsRelation
     */
    public function ancestors()
    {
        return new AncestorsRelation($this->newScopedQuery(), $this);
    }

    /**
     * Make this node a root node.
     *
     * @return self
     */
    public function makeRoot()
    {
        return $this->setNodeAction('root');
    }

    /**
     * Save node as root.
     *
     * @return bool
     */
    public function saveAsRoot()
    {
        return ($this->exists && $this->isRoot())
            ? $this->save()
            : $this->makeRoot()->save();
    }

    /**
     * Append and save a node.
     *
     * @param  \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Contracts\Nodeable  $node
     *
     * @return bool
     */
    public function appendNode(Nodeable $node)
    {
        return $node->appendToNode($this)->save();
    }

    /**
     * Prepend and save a node.
     *
     * @param  \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Contracts\Nodeable  $node
     *
     * @return bool
     */
    public function prependNode(Nodeable $node)
    {
        return $node->prependToNode($this)->save();
    }

    /**
     * Append a node to the new parent.
     *
     * @param  \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Contracts\Nodeable  $parent
     *
     * @return self
     */
    public function appendToNode(Nodeable $parent)
    {
        return $this->appendOrPrependTo($parent);
    }

    /**
     * Prepend a node to the new parent.
     *
     * @param  \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Contracts\Nodeable  $parent
     *
     * @return \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Contracts\Nodeable
     */
    public function prependToNode(Nodeable $parent)
    {
        return $this->appendOrPrependTo($parent, true);
    }

    /**
     * Append or prepend a node to parent.
     *
     * @param  \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Contracts\Nodeable  $parent
     * @param  bool                                            $prepend
     *
     * @return \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Contracts\Nodeable
     */
    public function appendOrPrependTo(Nodeable $parent, $prepend = false)
    {
        $this->assertNodeExists($parent)
             ->assertNotDescendant($parent);

        $this->setParent($parent)->dirtyBounds();

        return $this->setNodeAction('appendOrPrepend', $parent, $prepend);
    }

    /**
     * Insert self after a node.
     *
     * @param  \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Contracts\Nodeable  $node
     *
     * @return \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Contracts\Nodeable
     */
    public function afterNode(Nodeable $node)
    {
        return $this->beforeOrAfterNode($node, true);
    }

    /**
     * Insert self before node.
     *
     * @param  \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Contracts\Nodeable  $node
     *
     * @return \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Contracts\Nodeable
     */
    public function beforeNode(Nodeable $node)
    {
        return $this->beforeOrAfterNode($node);
    }

    /**
     * Set before or after a node.
     *
     * @param  \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Contracts\Nodeable  $node
     * @param  bool                                            $after
     *
     * @return \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Contracts\Nodeable
     */
    public function beforeOrAfterNode(Nodeable $node, $after = false)
    {
        $this->assertNodeExists($node)->assertNotDescendant($node);

        if ( ! $this->isSiblingOf($node)) {
            $this->setParent($node->getRelationValue('parent'));
        }

        $this->dirtyBounds();

        return $this->setNodeAction('beforeOrAfter', $node, $after);
    }

    /**
     * Insert after a node and save.
     *
     * @param  \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Contracts\Nodeable  $node
     *
     * @return bool
     */
    public function insertAfterNode(Nodeable $node)
    {
        return $this->afterNode($node)->save();
    }

    /**
     * Insert self before a node and save.
     *
     * @param  \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Contracts\Nodeable  $node
     *
     * @return bool
     */
    public function insertBeforeNode(Nodeable $node)
    {
        if ( ! $this->beforeNode($node)->save()) return false;

        // We'll update the target node since it will be moved
        $node->refreshNode();

        return true;
    }

    /**
     * Move node up given amount of positions.
     *
     * @param  int  $amount
     *
     * @return bool
     */
    public function up($amount = 1)
    {
        $sibling = $this->prevSiblings()
                        ->defaultOrder('desc')
                        ->skip($amount - 1)
                        ->first();

        if ( ! $sibling) return false;

        return $this->insertBeforeNode($sibling);
    }

    /**
     * Move node down given amount of positions.
     *
     * @param  int  $amount
     *
     * @return bool
     */
    public function down($amount = 1)
    {
        $sibling = $this->nextSiblings()
                        ->defaultOrder()
                        ->skip($amount - 1)
                        ->first();

        if ( ! $sibling) return false;

        return $this->insertAfterNode($sibling);
    }

    /**
     * Insert node at specific position.
     *
     * @param  int  $position
     *
     * @return bool
     */
    protected function insertAt($position)
    {
        ++static::$actionsPerformed;

        $result = $this->exists
            ? $this->moveNode($position)
            : $this->insertNode($position);

        return $result;
    }

    /**
     * Move a node to the new position.
     *
     * @param  int  $position
     *
     * @return int
     */
    protected function moveNode($position)
    {
        $updated = $this->newNestedSetQuery()
                        ->moveNode($this->getKey(), $position) > 0;

        if ($updated) $this->refreshNode();

        return $updated;
    }

    /**
     * Insert new node at specified position.
     *
     * @param  int  $position
     *
     * @return bool
     */
    protected function insertNode($position)
    {
        $this->newNestedSetQuery()->makeGap($position, 2);

        $height = $this->getNodeHeight();

        $this->setLft($position);
        $this->setRgt($position + $height - 1);

        return true;
    }

    /**
     * Update the tree when the node is removed physically.
     */
    protected function deleteDescendants()
    {
        $lft = $this->getLft();
        $rgt = $this->getRgt();

        $method = ($this->usesSoftDelete() && $this->forceDeleting)
            ? 'forceDelete'
            : 'delete';

        $this->descendants()->{$method}();

        if ($this->hardDeleting()) {
            $height = $rgt - $lft + 1;

            $this->newNestedSetQuery()->makeGap($rgt + 1, -$height);

            // In case if user wants to re-create the node
            $this->makeRoot();

            static::$actionsPerformed++;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Restore the descendants.
     *
     * @param  \Carbon\Carbon  $deletedAt
     */
    protected function restoreDescendants($deletedAt)
    {
        $this->descendants()
            ->where($this->getDeletedAtColumn(), '>=', $deletedAt)
            ->applyScopes()
            ->restore();
    }

    /**
     * Get a new base query that includes deleted nodes.
     *
     * @param  string|null $table
     *
     * @return \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Eloquent\QueryBuilder
     */
    public function newNestedSetQuery($table = null)
    {
        $builder = $this->usesSoftDelete()
            ? $this->withTrashed()
            : $this->newQuery();

        return $this->applyNestedSetScope($builder, $table);
    }

    /**
     * Create a new scoped query.
     *
     * @param  string|null  $table
     *
     * @return \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Eloquent\QueryBuilder
     */
    public function newScopedQuery($table = null)
    {
        return $this->applyNestedSetScope($this->newQuery(), $table);
    }

    /**
     * Apply the nested set scope.
     *
     * @param  \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Builder|\Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder  $query
     * @param  string                                                                    $table
     *
     * @return \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Eloquent\QueryBuilder|\Illuminate\Database\Query\Builder
     */
    public function applyNestedSetScope($query, $table = null)
    {
        if ( ! $scoped = $this->getScopeAttributes()) {
            return $query;
        }

        if ($table === null) {
            $table = $this->getTable();
        }

        foreach ($scoped as $attribute) {
            $query->where("$table.$attribute", '=', $this->getAttributeValue($attribute));
        }

        return $query;
    }

    /**
     * @param  array  $attributes
     *
     * @return self
     */
    public static function scoped(array $attributes)
    {
        $instance = new static;

        $instance->setRawAttributes($attributes);

        return $instance->newScopedQuery();
    }

    /**
     * Save a new model and return the instance.
     *
     * Use `children` key on `$attributes` to create child nodes.
     *
     * @param  array  $attributes
     * @param  self   $parent
     *
     * @return self
     */
    public static function create(array $attributes = [], self $parent = null)
    {
        $children = array_pull($attributes, 'children');
        $instance = new static($attributes);

The call to NodeTrait::__construct() has too many arguments starting with $attributes.

        if ($parent) {
            $instance->appendToNode($parent);
        }

        $instance->save();

        // Now create children
        $relation = new EloquentCollection;

        foreach ((array) $children as $child) {
            $relation->add($child = static::create($child, $instance));

            $child->setRelation('parent', $instance);
        }

        return $instance->setRelation('children', $relation);
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Check Functions
     | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     */
    /**
     * Get whether node is root.
     *
     * @return bool
     */
    public function isRoot()
    {
        return is_null($this->getParentId());
    }

    /**
     * Get whether a node is a descendant of other node.
     *
     * @param  \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Contracts\Nodeable  $node
     *
     * @return bool
     */
    public function isDescendantOf(Nodeable $node)
    {
        return (
            $this->getLft() > $node->getLft() &&
            $this->getLft() < $node->getRgt()
        );
    }

    /**
     * Get whether the node is immediate children of other node.
     *
     * @param  \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Contracts\Nodeable  $node
     *
     * @return bool
     */
    public function isChildOf(Nodeable $node)
    {
        return $this->getParentId() == $node->getKey();
    }

    /**
     * Get whether the node is a sibling of another node.
     *
     * @param  \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Contracts\Nodeable  $node
     *
     * @return bool
     */
    public function isSiblingOf(Nodeable $node)
    {
        return $this->getParentId() == $node->getParentId();
    }

    /**
     * Get whether the node is an ancestor of other node, including immediate parent.
     *
     * @param  \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Contracts\Nodeable  $node
     *
     * @return bool
     */
    public function isAncestorOf(Nodeable $node)
    {
        /** @var \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Contracts\Nodeable $this */
        return $node->isDescendantOf($this);
    }

    /**
     * Get whether the node has moved since last save.
     *
     * @return bool
     */
    public function hasMoved()
    {
        return $this->moved;
    }

    /* ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Assertion Functions
     | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     */
    /**
     * Assert that the node is not a descendant.
     *
     * @param  \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Contracts\Nodeable  $node
     *
     * @return self
     *
     * @throws \LogicException
     */
    protected function assertNotDescendant(Nodeable $node)
    {
        /** @var \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Contracts\Nodeable $this */
        if ($node == $this || $node->isDescendantOf($this)) {
            throw new LogicException('Node must not be a descendant.');
        }

        return $this;
    }

    /**
     * Assert node exists.
     *
     * @param  \Arcanedev\LaravelNestedSet\Contracts\Nodeable  $node
     *
     * @return self
     *
     * @throws \LogicException
     */
    protected function assertNodeExists(Nodeable $node)
    {
        if ( ! $node->getLft() || ! $node->getRgt()) {
            throw new LogicException('Node must exists.');
        }

        return $this;
    }
}